Revised Literal Translation

Romans 1

1PaulΠαῦλοςPaulosG3972,a servantδοῦλοςdoulosG1401of JesusἸησοῦ,IēsouG2424ChristΧριστοῦChristouG5547,calledκλητὸςklētosG2822to bean apostleἀπόστολοςapostolosG652,separatedἀφωρισμένοςaphōrismenosG873untoεἰςeisG1519the gospelεὐαγγέλιονeuangelionG2098of Godθεοῦ,theouG2316,

2(WhichὃhoG3739he had promised aforeπροεπηγγείλατοproepēngeilatoG4279byδιὰdiaG1223hisαὐτοῦautouG846prophetsτῶν προφητῶνtōn prophētōnG3588 G4396inἐνenG1722the holyἁγίαιςhagiaisG40scripturesγραφαῖςgraphaisG1124,)

3ConcerningπερὶperiG4012hisαὐτοῦ,autouG846SonυἱοῦhuiouG3588 G5207JesusG2424ChristG5547ourG1473LordG3588 G2962,whichG3588was madeγενομένουgenomenouG1096ofἐκekG1537the seedσπέρματοςspermatosG4690of DavidΔαυὶδDauidG1138according toκατὰkataG2596the fleshσάρκα,sarkaG4561;

4And declaredὁρισθέντοςhoristhentosG3588 G3724to bethe SonυἱοῦhuiouG5207of GodθεοῦtheouG2316withἐνenG1722powerδυνάμειdunameiG1411,according toκατὰkataG2596the spiritπνεῦμαpneumaG4151of holinessἁγιωσύνηςhagiōsunēsG42,byἐξexG1537the resurrectionἀναστάσεωςanastaseōsG386from the deadνεκρῶν,nekrōnG3498:

5Byδι᾽di᾽G1223whomοὗhouG3739we have receivedἐλάβομενelabomenG2983graceχάρινcharinG5485andκαὶkaiG2532apostleshipἀποστολὴνapostolēnG651,forεἰςeisG1519obedienceὑπακοὴνhupakoēnG5218to the faithπίστεωςpisteōsG4102amongἐνenG1722allπᾶσινpasinG3956nationsτοῖς ἔθνεσινtois ethnesinG3588 G1484,forὑπὲρhuperG5228hisαὐτοῦ,autouG846nameτοῦ ὀνόματοςtou onomatosG3588 G3686:

6AmongἐνenG1722whomοἷςhoisG3739areἐστεesteG1510yeὑμεῖς,humeisG4771alsoκαὶkaiG2532the calledκλητοὶklētoiG2822of JesusἸησοῦIēsouG2424ChristΧριστοῦ·ChristouG5547:

7τοῖςtoisG3588To allπᾶσινpasinG3956that beοὖσινousinG1510inἐνenG1722RomeῬώμῃRhōmēG4516,belovedἀγαπητοῖςagapētoisG27of GodθεοῦtheouG2316,calledκλητοῖςklētoisG2822to besaintsἁγίοις·hagioisG40:GraceχάριςcharisG5485to youὑμῖνhuminG4771andκαὶkaiG2532peaceεἰρήνηeirēnēG1515fromἀπὸapoG575GodθεοῦtheouG2316ourG1473FatherπατρὸςpatrosG3962,andκαὶkaiG2532the LordκυρίουkuriouG2962JesusἸησοῦIēsouG2424ChristΧριστοῦ.¶ChristouG5547.

8μὲνmenG3303FirstG4412,I thankεὐχαριστῶeucharistōG2168myG1473Godτῷ θεῷtō theōG3588 G2316throughδιὰdiaG1223JesusἸησοῦIēsouG2424ChristΧριστοῦChristouG5547forG5228youὑμῶνhumōnG4771allπάντωνpantōnG3956,thatὅτιhotiG3754yourὑμῶνhumōnG4771faithἡ πίστιςhē pistisG3588 G4102is spoken ofκαταγγέλλεταιkatangelletaiG2605throughoutἐνenG1722the wholeὅλῳholōG3650worldτῷ κόσμῳ·tō kosmōG3588 G2889.

9ForγάρgarG1063Godθεός,theosG3588 G2316isἐστινestinG1510myG1473witnessμάρτυςmartusG3144,whomᾧhōG3739I serveλατρεύωlatreuōG3000withἐνenG1722myG1473spiritπνεύματίpneumatiG3588 G4151inἐνenG1722the gospelεὐαγγελίῳeuangeliōG3588 G2098of hisαὐτοῦ,autouG846SonυἱοῦhuiouG3588 G5207,thatὡςhōsG5613without ceasingἀδιαλείπτωςadialeiptōsG89I makeποιοῦμαιpoioumaiG4160mentionμνείανmneianG3417of youὑμῶνhumōnG4771alwaysG3842inG1909myG1473prayersG3588 G4335;

10Making requestδεόμενος,deomenosG1189,if by any meansG1513nowἤδηēdēG2235at lengthποτὲpoteG4218I might have a prosperous journeyεὐοδωθήσομαιeuodōthēsomaiG2137byἐνenG1722the willτῷ θελήματιtō thelēmatiG3588 G2307of Godτοῦ θεοῦtou theouG3588 G2316to comeἐλθεῖνeltheinG2064untoπρὸςprosG4314youὑμᾶς·humasG4771.

11τὸtoG3588ForγὰρgarG1063I longἐπιποθῶepipothōG1971to seeG3708youὑμᾶς,humasG4771,thatἵναinaG2443I may impartμεταδῶmetadōG3330unto youὑμῖνhuminG4771someτιtiG5100spiritualπνευματικὸνpneumatikonG4152giftχάρισμαcharismaG5486,to the endεἰςeisG1519yeὑμᾶς,humasG4771may be establishedστηριχθῆναιstērichthēnaiG4741;

12ἐνenG1722τῆςtēsG3588δέdeG1161ThatτοῦτοtoutoG3778isἐστινestinG1510,that I may be comforted togetherσυμπαρακληθῆναιsumparaklēthēnaiG4837withἐνenG1722youὑμῖνhuminG4771byδιὰdiaG1223the mutualἀλλήλοιςallēloisG240faithπίστεως,pisteōsG4102bothκαὶkaiG2532of youὑμῶνhumōnG4771andτεteG5037meἐμοῦ.¶emouG1473.

13τοῦtouG3588τοῖςtoisG3588NowδὲdeG1161I wouldθέλωthelōG2309notΟὐOuG3756haveG50youὑμᾶςhumasG4771ignorantἀγνοεῖν,agnoeinG50,brethrenἀδελφοί,adelphoiG80,thatὅτιhotiG3754oftentimesπολλάκιςpollakisG4178I purposedπροεθέμηνproethemēnG4388to comeἐλθεῖνeltheinG2064untoπρὸςprosG4314youὑμᾶςhumasG4771, (butκαὶkaiG2532was letἐκωλύθηνekōluthēnG2967hithertoἄχριachriG891,)δεῦρο,deuroG1204thatἵναinaG2443I might haveσχῶschōG2192someτινὰtinaG5100fruitκαρπὸνkarponG2590amongἐνenG1722youὑμῖνhuminG4771alsoκαὶkaiG2532,evenκαὶkaiG2532asκαθὼςkathōsG2531amongἐνenG1722otherλοιποῖςloipoisG3062Gentilesἔθνεσιν.ethnesinG1484.

14I amεἰμί·eimiG1510debtorὀφειλέτηςopheiletēsG3781bothκαὶkaiG2532to the GreeksἝλλησίνHellēsinG1672,andτεteG5037to the Barbariansβαρβάροις,barbaroisG915;bothκαὶkaiG2532to the wiseσοφοῖςsophoisG4680,andτεteG5037to the unwiseἀνοήτοιςanoētoisG453.

15τὸtoG3588So, as much asοὕτωςhoutōsG3779inG2596meἐμὲemeG1473isG2596,I am readyπρόθυμονprothumonG4289to preach the gospelεὐαγγελίσασθαι.euangelisasthaiG2097to youὑμῖνhuminG4771that areτοῖςtoisG3588atἐνenG1722RomeῬώμῃRhōmēG4516alsoκαὶkaiG2532.

16ForγὰρgarG1063I amG1870notοὐouG3756ashamedἐπαισχύνομαιepaischunomaiG1870of the gospelεὐαγγέλιονeuangelionG3588 G2098of ChristG3588 G5547:forγὰρgarG1063it isἐστινestinG1510the powerδύναμιςdunamisG1411of GodθεοῦtheouG2316untoεἰςeisG1519salvationσωτηρίανsōtērianG4991to every oneπαντὶpantiG3956thatG3588believethπιστεύοντι,pisteuontiG4100;to the JewἸουδαίῳIoudaiōG2453firstG4412,andτεteG5037alsoκαὶkaiG2532to the GreekἝλληνι.HellēniG1672.

17δὲdeG1161ὁhoG3588ForγὰρgarG1063thereinἐνenG1722αὐτῷautōG846isG601the righteousnessδικαιοσύνηdikaiosunēG1343of GodθεοῦtheouG2316revealedἀποκαλύπτεταιapokaluptetaiG601fromἐκekG1537faithπίστεωςpisteōsG4102toεἰςeisG1519faithπίστινpistinG4102:asκαθὼςkathōsG2531it is writtenγέγραπται·gegraptaiG1125,The justδίκαιοςdikaiosG1342shall liveζήσεται.¶zēsetaiG2198byἐκekG1537faithπίστεωςpisteōsG4102.

18ForγὰρgarG1063the wrathὀργὴorgēG3709of GodθεοῦtheouG2316is revealedἈποκαλύπτεταιApokaluptetaiG601fromἀπ᾽ap᾽G575heavenοὐρανοῦouranouG3772againstἐπὶepiG1909allπᾶσανpasanG3956ungodlinessἀσέβειανasebeianG763andκαὶkaiG2532unrighteousnessἀδικίανadikianG93of menἀνθρώπωνanthrōpōnG444,whoτῶνtōnG3588holdκατεχόντων,katechontōnG2722the truthτὴν ἀλήθειανtēn alētheianG3588 G225inἐνenG1722unrighteousnessἀδικίᾳadikiaG93;

19τὸtoG3588τοῦtouG3588BecauseδιότιdiotiG1360that which may be knownγνωστὸνgnōstonG1110of Godθεοῦ ὁtheou hoG3588 G2316isἐστινestinG1510manifestφανερόνphaneronG5318inἐνenG1722themαὐτοῖς·autoisG846;forγὰρgarG1063GodθεὸςtheosG2316hath shewedἐφανέρωσεν.ephanerōsenG5319itunto themαὐτοῖςautoisG846.

20ForγὰρgarG1063the invisible thingsτὰ ἀόραταta aorataG3588 G517of himαὐτοῦautouG846fromἀπὸapoG575the creationκτίσεωςktiseōsG2937of the worldκόσμουkosmouG2889are clearly seenκαθορᾶται,kathorataiG2529,being understoodνοούμεναnooumenaG3539by the things that are madeτοῖς ποιήμασινtois poiēmasinG3588 G4161, evenτεteG5037hisαὐτοῦautouG846eternalἀΐδιοςaidiosG126powerἥ δύναμιςhē dunamisG3588 G1411andκαὶkaiG2532Godheadθειότης,theiotēsG2305;so thatεἰςeisG1519theyαὐτοὺςautousG846areτὸtoG3588 G1510without excuseἀναπολογήτους.anapologētousG379:

21τὸνtonG3588Because thatδιότιdiotiG1360,when they knewγνόντεςgnontesG1097Godθεὸν τοῖςtheon toisG3588 G2316,they glorifiedἐδόξασανedoxasanG1392himnotοὐχouchG3756asὡςhōsG5613GodθεὸνtheonG2316,neitherἢēG2228were thankfulηὐχαρίστησαν,ēucharistēsanG2168;butἀλλ᾽all᾽G235became vainἐματαιώθησανemataiōthēsanG3154inἐνenG1722theirαὐτῶν,autōnG846imaginationsδιαλογισμοῖς ἡdialogismois hēG3588 G1261,andκαὶkaiG2532theirαὐτῶνautōnG846foolishἀσύνετοςasunetosG801heartκαρδία·kardiaG2588was darkenedἐσκοτίσθηeskotisthēG4654.

22Professing themselvesφάσκοντεςphaskontesG5335to beG1510wiseσοφοὶsophoiG4680,they became foolsἐμωράνθησανemōranthēsanG3471,

23τὴνtēnG3588AndκαὶkaiG2532changedἤλλαξανēllaxanG236the gloryδόξαν τοῦdoxan touG3588 G1391of the uncorruptibleἀφθάρτουaphthartouG862GodθεοῦtheouG2316intoἐνenG1722an imageεἰκόνοςeikonosG1504made like toὁμοιώματιhomoiōmatiG3667corruptibleφθαρτοῦphthartouG5349manἀνθρώπουanthrōpouG444,andκαὶkaiG2532to birdsπετεινῶνpeteinōnG4071,andκαὶkaiG2532fourfooted beastsτετραπόδωνtetrapodōnG5074,andκαὶkaiG2532creeping thingsἑρπετῶν.¶herpetōnG2062.

24ὁhoG3588WhereforeΔιὸDioG1352Godθεὸς ταῖςtheos taisG3588 G2316alsoG2532gaveG3860themG846upG3860toεἰςeisG1519uncleannessἀκαθαρσίανakatharsianG167throughἐνenG1722the lustsἐπιθυμίαις τῶνepithumiais tōnG3588 G1939of their ownG846heartsκαρδιῶν τοῦkardiōn touG3588 G2588,to dishonourἀτιμάζεσθαιatimazesthaiG818their ownG846bodiesτὰ σώματαta sōmataG3588 G4983betweenἐνenG1722themselvesG1438:

25τὴνtēnG3588WhoοἵτινεςoitinesG3748changedμετήλλαξανmetēllaxanG3337the truthἀλήθειαν τοῦalētheian touG3588 G225of Godθεοῦ τῷtheou tōG3588 G2316intoἐνenG1722a lieψεύδει, τῇpseudei tēaG3588 G5579,andκαὶkaiG2532worshippedἐσεβάσθησανesebasthēsanG4573andκαὶkaiG2532servedἐλάτρευσανelatreusanG3000the creatureκτίσει τὸνktisei tonG3588 G2937more thanπαρὰparaG3844the Creatorκτίσαντα,ktisantaG2936,whoὅςhosG3739isἐστινestinG1510blessedεὐλογητὸςeulogētosG2128forεἰςeisG1519everτοὺς αἰῶνας,tous aiōnasG3588 G165.Amenἀμήν.¶amēnG281.

26ὁhoG3588αἵaiG3588ForG1223thisτοῦτοtoutoG3778causeG1223Godθεὸς τὴνtheos tēnG3588 G2316gaveG3860themαὐτοὺςautousG846upG3860untoεἰςeisG1519vileἀτιμίας·atimiasG819affectionsπάθηpathēG3806:forγὰρgarG1063evenτεteG5037theirαὐτῶνautōnG846womenθήλειαιthēleiaiG2338did changeμετήλλαξανmetēllaxanG3337the naturalφυσικὴνphusikēnG5446useχρῆσινchrēsinG5540intoεἰςeisG1519that which isτὴνtēnG3588againstπαρὰparaG3844natureφύσιν,phusinG5449:

27AndκαὶkaiG2532likewiseὁμοίωςhomoiōsG3668alsoτεteG5037the menἄρσενεςarsenesG3588 G730,leavingἀφέντεςaphentesG863the naturalφυσικὴνphusikēnG3588 G5446useχρῆσινchrēsinG5540of the womanθηλείαςthēleiasG3588 G2338,burnedἐξεκαύθησανexekauthēsanG1572inἐνenG1722their lustὀρέξειorexeiG3588 G3715oneαὐτῶνautōnG846towardεἰςeisG1519anotherἀλλήλους,allēlousG240;menἄρσενεςarsenesG730withἐνenG1722menἄρσεσινarsesinG730workingκατεργαζόμενοι,katergazomenoiG2716that which is unseemlyἀσχημοσύνηνaschēmosunēnG3588 G808,andκαὶkaiG2532receivingἀπολαμβάνοντες.¶apolambanontesG618inἐνenG1722themselvesἑαυτοῖςhe'autoisG1438that recompenceἀντιμισθίανantimisthianG3588 G489ofG3588 G4106theirαὐτῶνautōnG846errorπλάνηςplanēsG3588 G4106whichἣνhēnG3739was meetἔδειedeiG1163.

28AndΚαὶKaiG2532even asκαθὼςkathōsG2531they didG1381notοὐκoukG3756likeG1381to retainἔχεινecheinG2192Godτὸν θεὸνton theonG3588 G2316inἐνenG1722theirknowledgeἐπιγνώσει,epignōseiG1922,Godὁ θεὸςho theosG3588 G2316gaveG3860themαὐτοὺςautousG846overG3860toεἰςeisG1519a reprobateἀδόκιμονadokimonG96mindνοῦνnounG3563,to doποιεῖνpoieinG4160those thingsτὰtaG3588which areG2520notμὴmēG3361convenientG2520;

29Being filled withπεπληρωμένουςpeplērōmenousG4137allπάσῃpasēG3956unrighteousnessἀδικίᾳadikiaG93,fornicationG4202,wickednessπονηρίᾳ,ponēriaG4189,covetousnessπλεονεξίᾳ,pleonexiaG4124,maliciousnessκακίᾳ,kakiaG2549;fullμεστοὺςmestousG3324of envyφθόνου,phthonouG5355,murderφόνου,phonouG5408,debateἔριδος,eridosG2054,deceitδόλου,dolouG1388,malignityκακοηθείας,kakoētheiasG2550;whisperersψιθυριστάς,psithuristasG5588,

30Backbitersκαταλάλους,katalalousG2637,haters of Godθεοστυγεῖς,theostugeisG2319,despitefulὑβριστάς,hubristasG5197,proudὑπερηφάνους,huperēphanousG5244,boastersἀλαζόνας,alazonasG213,inventorsἐφευρετὰςepheuretasG2182of evil thingsκακῶν,kakōnG2556,disobedientἀπειθεῖς,apeitheisG545to parentsγονεῦσινgoneusinG1118,

31Without understandingἀσυνέτους,asunetousG801,covenantbreakersἀσυνθέτους,asunthetousG802,without natural affectionἀστόργουςastorgousG794,implacableG786,unmercifulἀνελεήμονας,aneleēmonasG415:

32τὸtoG3588WhoοἵτινεςoitinesG3748knowingἐπιγνόντεςepignontesG1921the judgmentδικαίωμα τοῦdikaiōma touG3588 G1345of Godθεοῦ οἱtheou hoiG3588 G2316,thatὅτιhotiG3754they whichτὰtaG3588commitπράσσοντεςprassontesG4238such thingsτοιαῦταtoiautaG5108areεἰσίν,eisinG1510worthyἄξιοιaxioiG514of deathθανάτουthanatouG2288,notοὐouG3756onlyG3440doποιοῦσινpoiousinG4160the sameαὐτὰautaG846,butἀλλὰallaG235καὶkaiG2532have pleasure inσυνευδοκοῦσινsuneudokousinG4909them thatτοῖςtoisG3588do themπράσσουσιν.¶prassousinG4238.

Commentaries on Romans 1