Bible Strong
Explore
Open the app

Strong G2596κατά

according to

Transliteration
kata
Pronunciation
kat-ah'
Morphology
Greek Preposition

Definition

A primary particle; (preposition) down (in place or time) in varied relations (according to the case [genitive dative or accusative] with which it is joined): - about according as (to) after against (when they were) X alone among and X apart (even like) as (concerning pertaining to touching) X aside at before beyond by to the charge of [charita-] bly concerning + covered [dai-] ly down every (+ far more) exceeding X more excellent for from . . . to godly in (-asmuch divers every -to respect of) . . . by after the manner of + by any means beyond (out of) measure X mightily more X natural of (up-) on (X part) out (of every) over against (+ your) X own + particularly so through (-oughout -oughout every) thus (un-) to (-gether -ward) X uttermost where (-by) with. In composition it retains many of these applications and frequently denotes opposition distribution or intensity .

Detailed definition

κατά (bef. a vowel κατ᾽, καθ᾽; on the frequently neglect of elision, see Tdf., Pr., 95; WH, App., 146a),
prep. with genitive, accusative,
down, downwards.
I. C. genitive (WM, §47, k; Bl., §42, 2).
1. C. genitive of thing(s), in local sense;
__(a) down, down from: Mat.8:32, Mrk.5:13, Luk.8:33, 1Co.11:4;
__(b) throughout (late usage; Bl, l.with): κ. ὅλης κ.τ.λ., Luk.4:14 23:5, Act.9:31 10:37;
__(with) in a peculiar adjectival phrase: ἡ κ. βάθους, deep or extreme poverty, 2Co.8:2.
__
2. C. genitive of person(s), usually in hostile sense;
__(a) against (in cl. only after verbs of speaking, witnessing, etc.): opposite to ὑπέρ, Mrk.9:40; μετά, Mat.12:30; after ἐπιθυμεῖν, Gal.5:17; λαλεῖν, Act.6:13; διδάσκειν, Act.21:28; ψεύδεσθαι, Jas.3:14; after verbs of accusing, etc., Mat.5:23, Luk.23:14, Rom.8:33, al.; verbs of fighting, prevailing, etc., Mat.10:35, Act.14:2, 1Co.4:6, al.;
__(b) of swearing, by: όμνυμι κ. (BL, §34, 1), He 6:13,16, cf. Mat.26:63.

II. C. accusative (WM, §49d; BL, §42, 2).
1. Of motion or direction;
__(a) through, throughout: Luk.8:39 9:6 10:4, Act.8:1, 36 al.;
__(b) to, towards, over against: Luk.10:32 (Field, Notes, 62), Act.2:1o 16:7, Gal.2:11, Php.3:14, al.;
__ __(with) in adverbial phrases, at, in, by, of: κατ᾽ οἶκον, at home, Act.2:46; κατ᾽ ἰδίαν (see: ἴδιος); καθ᾽ ἑαυτόν, Act.28:16, Rom.14:22, Jas.2:17; with pron. of person(s), Act.17:28 18:15, Rom.1:15, Eph.1:15, al.

2. Of time, at, during, about: Act.8:26 12:1 19:23, Rom.9:9 Heb.1:10, al.

3. Distributive;
__(a) of place: κ. τόποὐς, Mat.24:7, al.; κ. πόλιν, Luk.8:1, 4 al.; κ. ἐκκλησίαν, Act.14:23.
__(b) of time: κ. ἔτος, Luk.2:41; ἑορτήν, Mat.27:15, al.;
__(with) of numbers, etc.: καθ᾽ ἕνα πάντες, 1Co.14:31 (on καθ᾽ εἷς, see: εἷς); κ. ἑκατόν, Mrk.6:40; κ. μέρος, Heb.9:5; κ. ὄνομα, Jhn.10:3.

4. Of fitness, reference, conformity, etc.;
__(a) in relation to, concerning: Rom.1:3, 4 7:22 9:3, 5, 1Co.12:6 10:18, Php.1:12; κ. πάντα, Act.17:22, Col.3:20, 22 Heb.2:17 4:15;
__(b) according to, after, like: Mrk.7:5, Luk.2:27, 29 Jhn.7:24 Rom.8:4 14:15, Eph.2:2, Col.2:8, Jas.2:8, al.

III. In composition, κ. denotes,
1. down, down from (καταβαίνω), etc.), hence, metaphorically;
__(a) victory or rule over (καταδουλόω, -κυριεύω, etc.);
__(b) "perfective" action (M, Pr., 111ff.).

2. under (κατακαλύπτω), etc.).

3. in succession (καθεξῆς).

4. after, behind (καταλείπω).

5. Hostility, against (καταλαλέω).
(AS)

In the Bible

Strong G2596 appears in 437 verses of the KJV.

Translated in the KJV by

  • accord103
  • after53
  • against51
  • in43
  • by30
  • as14
  • at8
  • every8
  • of8
  • throughout7
  • be6
  • concern5

First verses

  1. Matthew 1:20
    But while he thought on these things, behold, the angel of the Lord appeared unto him in a dream, saying, Joseph, thou son of David, fear not to take unto thee Mary thy wife: for that which is conceived in her is of the Holy Ghost.
  2. Matthew 2:12
    And being warned of God in a dream that they should not return to Herod, they departed into their own country another way.
  3. Matthew 2:13
    And when they were departed, behold, the angel of the Lord appeareth to Joseph in a dream, saying, Arise, and take the young child and his mother, and flee into Egypt, and be thou there until I bring thee word: for Herod will seek the young child to destroy him.
  4. Matthew 2:16
    Then Herod, when he saw that he was mocked of the wise men, was exceeding wroth, and sent forth, and slew all the children that were in Bethlehem, and in all the coasts thereof, from two years old and under, according to the time which he had diligently enquired of the wise men.
  5. Matthew 2:19
    But when Herod was dead, behold, an angel of the Lord appeareth in a dream to Joseph in Egypt,
  6. Matthew 2:22
    But when he heard that Archelaus did reign in Judea in the room of his father Herod, he was afraid to go thither: notwithstanding, being warned of God in a dream, he turned aside into the parts of Galilee:
  7. Matthew 5:11
    Blessed are ye, when men shall revile you, and persecute you, and shall say all manner of evil against you falsely, for my sake.
  8. Matthew 5:23
    Therefore if thou bring thy gift to the altar, and there rememberest that thy brother hath ought against thee;
  9. Matthew 8:32
    And he said unto them, Go. And when they were come out, they went into the herd of swine: and, behold, the whole herd of swine ran violently down a steep place into the sea, and perished in the waters.
  10. Matthew 9:29
    Then touched he their eyes, saying, According to your faith be it unto you.
  11. Matthew 10:35
    For I am come to set a man at variance against his father, and the daughter against her mother, and the daughter in law against her mother in law.
  12. Matthew 12:14
    Then the Pharisees went out, and held a council against him, how they might destroy him.
  13. Matthew 12:25
    And Jesus knew their thoughts, and said unto them, Every kingdom divided against itself is brought to desolation; and every city or house divided against itself shall not stand:
  14. Matthew 12:30
    He that is not with me is against me; and he that gathereth not with me scattereth abroad.
  15. Matthew 12:32
    And whosoever speaketh a word against the Son of man, it shall be forgiven him: but whosoever speaketh against the Holy Ghost, it shall not be forgiven him, neither in this world, neither in the world to come.
  16. Matthew 14:13
    When Jesus heard of it, he departed thence by ship into a desert place apart: and when the people had heard thereof, they followed him on foot out of the cities.
  17. Matthew 14:23
    And when he had sent the multitudes away, he went up into a mountain apart to pray: and when the evening was come, he was there alone.
  18. Matthew 16:27
    For the Son of man shall come in the glory of his Father with his angels; and then he shall reward every man according to his works.
  19. Matthew 17:1
    And after six days Jesus taketh Peter, James, and John his brother, and bringeth them up into an high mountain apart,
  20. Matthew 17:19
    Then came the disciples to Jesus apart, and said, Why could not we cast him out?
See every occurrence

Occurrences by book

Related words

Word family

Detailed Greek dictionary
κατά [κᾰτᾰ],
poetry καταί accusative to [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Apollonius Dyscolus Grammaticus “de Syntaxi;” 309.28, found in Compds., as καταιβάτης)]: preposition with genitive or accusative:— downwards.
A WITH GEN.,
A.I denoting motion from above, down from, βῆ δὲ κατ᾽ Οὐλύμποιο καρήνων, κατ᾽ Ἰδαίων ὀρέων, βαλέειν κ. πέτρης, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 22.187, 16.677, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.399; κατ᾽ οὐρανοῦ εἰλήλουθας 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.128)]; καθ᾽ ἵππων ἀΐξαντε[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 232; δάκρυα.. κ. βλεφάρων Χαμάδις ῥέε 17.438; ἵεις σαυτὸν κ. τοῦ τείχους 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 355; ἁλόμενοι κ. τῆς πέτρας 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 4.2.17; κ. τῶν πετρῶν ὦσαι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 229c; κ. κρημνῶν ῥιφέντες [prev. author] “Lg.” 944a:)] — for κατ᾽ ἄκρης see.{ἄκρα}: Μοῖσα κ. στόματος Χέε νέκταρ [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 7.82 (but perhaps in sense 11.1).)]
A.II denoting downward motion,
A.II.1 down upon or over, κ. Χθονὸς ὄμματα πήξας [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 3.217)]; of the dying, κατὰ.. ὀφθαλμῶν κέχυτ᾽ ἀχλύς a cloud settled upon the eyes, [Refs (5.696, compare 20.321; τὸν δὲ κατ᾽ ὀφθαλμῶν.. νὺξ ἐκάλυψεν 13.580)]; φᾶρος κὰκ κεφαλῆς εἴρυσσε down over.. , [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.85)]; [κόπρος] κ. σπείους κέχυτο.. πολλή [Refs (9.330)]; ὕδωρ κ. Χειρός, see at {Χεί; μύρον κ. τῆς κεφαλῆς καταχέαντες} [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 398a; νάρκη μου κ. τῆς Χειρὸς καταχεῖται 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 713; κ. τῆς τραπέζης καταπάσας τέφραν [prev. author] “Nu.” 177)]; ξαίνειν κ. τοῦ νώτου πολλὰς [πληγάς] [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 19.197; ἐσκεδασμένοι κ. τῆς Χώρας 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 1.17.10; οἱ κ. νώτου πονοῦντες [prev. author] 3.19.7; ῥόπαλον ἤλασα κὰκ κεφαλῆς 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 25.256)]; κ. κόρρης παίειν, ={ἐπὶ κόρρης}, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Cat.” 12, +others)]
A.II.1.b Geometry texts, along, upon, πίπτειν κατ᾽ [εὐθείας] [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Archimedes Geometra “περὶ σφαίρας καὶ κυλίνδρου” 1 “Def.” 2;)] αἱ γωνίαι κ. κύκλων περιφερειῶν ἐνεχθήσονται will move on.. , [Refs 3rd c.BC+ ([prev. work]1.23, +others,compare 3rd c.BC: Aristarchus Samius Astronomus 1.)]
A.II.2 down into, νέκταρ στάξε κ. ῥινῶν [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 19.39)]; of a dart, κ. γαίης ᾤχετο [Refs (13.504, etc.; ἔθηκε κατ᾽ ὄχθης μείλινον ἔγχος 21.172; ψυχὴ κ. Χθονὸς ᾤχετο 23.100)]; κ. γᾶς underground, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 2.59)]; κατ᾽ ὕδατος under water, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.149)]; [ποταμὸς] δὺς κ. τῆς γῆς [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phd.” 113c, compare “Ti.” 25d; κ. γῆς σύμεναι 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Eumenides” 1007 (_anapaest meter_))]; κ. Χθονὸς κρύψαι to bury. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 24)]; ὁ κ. γῆς one dead and buried, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 4.6.5; οἱ κ. Χθονὸς θεοί 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 689, etc.; θεοὶ[οἱ] κ. γᾶς [prev. author] “Ch.” 475 (Lyric poetry))], etc.; so κ. θαλάσσης ἀφανίζεσθαι, καταδεδυκέναι, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.6, 235)]; also βᾶτε κατ᾽ ἀντιθύρων go down by or through.. , [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 1433.)]
A.II.3 later, towards a point, τοξεύειν κ. σκοποῦ to shoot at, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Herodianus Grammaticus 6.7.8; κατ᾽ ἰχνῶν τινος ὁδεύειν 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Rh.Pr.” 9.)]
A.II.4 of vows or oaths, by, καθ᾽ ἡμῶν ὀμνύναι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 29.26, compare 54.38; ἐπιορκήσασα κ. τῶν παίδων 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 32.13)]; especially of the victims, etc., over which the oath is taken, ὀμνυόντων τὸν ἐπιχώριον ὅρκον καθ᾽ ἱερῶν τελείων Foed. cited in [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 5.47, compare 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Ἀθηναίων Πολιτεία” 29.5, “Foed.Delph.Pell.” 1 A 9, etc.; κ. τῶν νικητηρίων εὐξάμενοι 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator “Epistulae” 1.16)]; also κατ᾽ ἐξωλείας ὀμνύναι to imprecate destruction on oneself, [Refs ([prev. author] 21.119; κατ᾽ ἐξ. ἐπιορκεῖν [prev. author] 57.22.)]
A.II.4.b to make a vow towards, i.e. make a vow of offering.., κ. Χιλίων εὐχὴν ποιήσασθαι Χιμάρων [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 660.)]
A.II.5 in hostile sense, against, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 221, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 304, etc.; κ. πάντων φύεσθαι 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.19)]; especially of judges giving sentence against a person, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 198, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 449, etc.; ψεύδεσθαι κατά τινος 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 22.7; λέγειν κατά τινος κακά 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 65, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 1.5.2, etc.)]; of speeches, [λόγος] κ. Μειδίου, etc. (opposed to πρὸς Λεπτίνην, in reply to L.); δῶρα εἰληφέναι κατά τινος [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-3rd c.BC: Dinarchus Orator 3.6, compare 18.)]
A.II.6 of Time,for, μισθοῦν κ. εἴκοσι ἐτῶν [Refs (“IG” 12.94.37)]; κ. βίου for life, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (“Tab.Heracl.” 1.50; κὰπ παντὸς Χρόνοι “IG” 9(2).517.20 (from Larissa) (but κ. παντὸς τοῦ Χρόνου σκέψασθε 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 22.72 falls under 7))]; κ. παντὸς τοῦ αἰῶνος ἀείμνηστον [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Lycurgus Orator 7.)]
A.II.7 in respect of, concerning, μὴ κατ᾽ ἀνθρώπων σκόπει μόνον τοῦτο [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 70d; κ. τῶν ἄλλων τεχνῶν τοιαῦτα εὑρήσομεν [prev. author] “Sph.” 253b)]; οἱ κ. Δημοσθένους ἔπαινοι praises bestowed on [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator, 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 3.50)]; ἐρεῖν or λέγειν κατά τινος to say of one, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Apologia” 37b, “Prt.” 323b, etc.; εἰ κ. θηλείας φαίης 2nd c.AD: Apollonius Dyscolus Grammaticus “de Syntaxi;” 198.10; εἴπερ ἕν γέ τι ζητεῖς κ. πάντων 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Meno” 73d, compare 74b; ὅπερ εἴρηται καθόλου κ. πασῶν τῶν πολιτειῶν 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1307b2)]; frequently in the Logic of [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus, κατά τινος λέγεσθαι or κατηγορεῖσθαι)] to be predicated of.., [Refs (“Int.” 16b10, “Cat.” 1b10, etc.)]; καταφῆσαί (or ἀποφῆσαί) τι κατά τινος to affirm (or deny) of.., Metaphorical[Refs (1007b21)]; so κ. τινὸς ὑπάρχειν [Refs (“Int.” 16b13: and in)] adverb καθόλου (which see).
B WITH Acc.,
B.I of motion downwards, κ. ῥόον down stream, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.254, 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 12.33)]; opposed to ἀνὰ τὸν ποταμόν, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.96)]; κ. τὸν ποταμόν, κ. τὸ ὑδάτιον, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] 1.194, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 229a)]; κατ᾽ οὖρον ἰέναι, ῥεῖν, down (i.e. with) the wind, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 690, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 468)]; κ. πνεῦμα, κατ᾽ ἄνεμον ἵστασθαι to leeward, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 535a19, 560b13, 1st c.AD: Dioscorides (Dioscurides) Medicus 4.153.)]
B.I.2 with or without signification of motion, on, over, throughout a space, frequently in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, καθ᾽ Ἑλλάδα καὶ μέσον Ἄργος 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.344)]; κατ᾽ Ἀχαΐδα, κ. Τροίην, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.770, 9.329; κατ᾽ ἠερόεντα κέλευθα 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 20.64)]; κ. πόντον, κῦμα, ὕλην, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.276, 6.136, 3.151; κ. πτόλιν 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.383)]; κ. ἄστυ, οἶκον, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 18.286, 6.56; κ. ὅμιλον, στρατόν, 3.36, 1.229)]; κ. κλισίας τε νέας τε[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 487; πόλεμον κάτα δακρυόεντα 17.512; κ. ὑσμίνην, μόθον, κλόνον, 5.84, 18.159, 16.331; τὸ ὕδωρ κ. τοὺς ταφροὺς ἐχώρει 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 7.5.16, etc.)] (in later Gr.of motion to a place, κ. τὴν Ἰταλίαν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Zosimus Epigrammaticus 3.1); καθ᾽ Ἑλλάδα 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 578; κ. πτόλιν [prev. author] “Th.” 6; αἱ σκηναὶ αἱ κ. τὴν ἀγοράν 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.169; τὰ κατ᾽ ἀγροὺς Διονύσια 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 1.157, etc.; κ. τὸ προάστιον 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.54; τύμβον κατ᾽ αὐτόν 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 528, compare “Supp.” 869 (Lyric poetry))]: Geometry texts, at a point, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Euclides Geometra 1.1, +others)]; τέμνειν [σφαῖραν] κ. κύκλον in a circle, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Archimedes Geometra “ψαμμίτης” 1.17)]; also, in the region of, οἱ κ. τὸν ἥλιον γινόμενοι ἀστέρες [Refs 8th c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Geminus Astronomicus 12.7: frequently in 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus in describing the place of a wound, βαλεῖν κ. στῆθος, γαστέρα, etc., 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.108, 16.465, +others; νύξε κ. δεξιὸν ὦμον 5.46; οὔτασε κατ᾽ ἰσχίον 11.339; so βαλεῖν κατ᾽ ἀσπίδα, κ. ζωστῆρα, 5.537, 615)]; βέλος κ. καίριον ἦλθεν struck upon a vital part, variant in [Refs (11.439: _metaphorically_, ἄχος κ. φρένα τύψε 19.125: generally, κ. φρένα καὶ κατὰ θυμόν)] in heart and soul, [Refs (4.163, +others)]
B.I.3 opposite, over against, κ. Σινώπην πόλιν [LXX+5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.76, compare 2.148, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.30, etc.; ἀνὴρ κατ᾽ ἄνδρα 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 505; μολὼν.. μοι κ. στόμα [prev. author] “Ch.” 573; κατ᾽ ὀφθαλμούς τινος LXX.2Ki.12.11; οἱ μὲν Ἀθηναῖοι κ. Λακεδαιμονίους ἐγένοντο 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 4.2.18; κατ᾽ Ἀχαιοὺς ἀντετάχθησαν [prev. passage]; ἐν συμποσίῳ.., περίμενε, μέχρις ἂν γένηται κατὰ σέ 1st-2nd c.AD: Epictetus Philosophus “Enchiridion” 15, compare 3rd c.AD(?): Diogenes Laertius 7.108.)]
B.II distributively, of a whole divided into parts, κρῖν᾽ ἄνδρας κ. φῦλα, κ. φρήτρας by tribes, by clans, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.362)]; κ. σφέας μαχέονται by themselves, separately,[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 366, compare 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.64; ἐσκήνουν κ. τάξεις 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 2.1.25; αὐτὴ καθ᾽ αὑτήν 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 1013)]; κ. κώμας κατοικημένοι in separate villages, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.96)]; κατ᾽ ἑωυτοὺς ἕκαστοι ἐτράποντο each to his own home, [Refs ([prev. author] 5.15)]; κ. πόλεις ἀποπλεῦσαι, διαλυθῆναι, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.89, 3.1: στρατιὰ κ. ἕνδεκα μέρη κεκοσμημένη 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 247a; later οἱ κατ᾽ ἄνδρα λόγοι “PLond.” 2.259.72 (1st c.AD),compare 1st-2nd c.AD: Dio Chrysostomus Sophista 32.6, etc.; ἡ κατ᾽ οἰκίαν ἀπογραφή “PLond.” 3.904.20 (2nd c.AD))], etc.; κατ᾽ ἔπος word by word, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ranae” 802)]; κατ᾽ ὄνομα individually, [NT (NT.3John.15, etc.)]; παῖδα κ. κρήνην at each fount a boy, [Refs 3rd c.AD+ (“Lyrica Alexandrina Adespota” 37.13, compare “POxy” 2108.9 (3rd c.AD).)]
B.II.2 of Time, καθ᾽ ἡμέραν, κατ᾽ ἦμαρ, day by day, daily, see at {ἡμέρα} 111; καθ᾽ ἑνιαυτόν, κατ᾽ ἔτος, [NT+1st c.AD+ (“Test.Epict.” 6.24, NT.Luke.2.41, etc.; κ. μῆνα “POxy.” 275.18 (1st c.AD).)]
B.II.3 of Numbers, by so many at a time, καθ᾽ ἕνα one at a time, individually, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.104 (later τὸ καθ᾽ ἕν)]detailed list, [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (PTeb. 47.34 (2nd c.BC), etc.))]; κ. μίαν τε καὶ δύο by ones and twos, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.113; δύο μνέαι τεταγμέναι κατ᾽ ἄνδρα αἰχμάλωτον ἕκαστον [prev. author] 6.79; ἐκ τῶν συμμάχων ἐξελέγετο κατ᾽ ὀλίγους [prev. author] 8.113; κ. τὰς πέντε καὶ εἴκοσι μνᾶς πεντακοσίας δραχμὰς εἰσφέρειν to pay 500)] drachmae on every [Refs 4th c.BC+ (25 minae, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 27.7; κ. διακοσίας καὶ τριακοσίας ὁμοῦ τι τάλαντον διακεχρημένον)]in separate sums of 200[Refs (and 300 drachmae, [prev. author] 27.11)]; of ships, κ. μίαν (i.e. ναῦν) in column, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.90; κ. μίαν ναῦν ἐπιτάττειν 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 1.26.12, compare 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.84: Geometry texts, μετρεῖν, μετρεισθαι κατά..)], measure, be measured a certain number of times, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Euclides Geometra 7 “Def.” 8,9, +others)]; μετρεῖν κ. τὰς ἐν τῷ Β μονάδας as many times as there are units in B, [Refs ([prev. author] 7.16.)]
B.III of direction towards an object or purpose, πλεῖν κ. πρῆξιν on a business, for or after a matter, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.72, 9.253)]; πλάζεσθαι κ. ληΐδα to rove in search of booty, [Refs (3.106)]; κ. ληΐην ἐκπλῶσαι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.152; ἔβη κ. δαῖτα 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.424; ἐπιδημεῖν κατ᾽ ἐμπορίαν “IG” 22.141.32, compare 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Ἀθηναίων Πολιτεία” 11.1)]; κ. Χρέος τινὸς ἐλθεῖν come to seek his help, consult him, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 11.479, etc.; ἵεται κ. τὴν φωνήν 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.70)]; κ. θέαν ἥκειν to have come for the purpose of seeing, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.31; κ. πλοῦν ἤδη ὤν [prev. author] 7.31; καθ᾽ ἁρπαγὴν ἐσκεδασμένοι 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 3.5.2)]; κ. τ; for what purpose? why? [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 239.)]
B.III.2 of pursuit, κ. πόδας τινὸς ἐλαύνειν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.89)]; simply κ. τινά after him, [Refs ([prev. author] 1.84; ἰέναι κ. τοὺς ἄλλους [prev. author] 9.53)]; κατ᾽ ἴχνος on the track, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 32, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 695 (Lyric poetry); ὥσπερ κατ᾽ ἴχνη κ. τὰ νῦν εἰρημένα ζῆν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 115b.)]
B.III.3 Geometry texts, in adverbial phrases, κ. κάθετον in the same vertical line, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Archimedes Geometra “τετραγωνισμὸς παραβολῆς” 6)]; κατ᾽ εὐθεῖάν τινι in the same straight line with.., [Refs 3rd c.AD+ (3rd c.AD(?): Pappus Mathematicus 58.7.)]
B.IV of fitness or conformity, in accordance with, κ. θυμόν [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.136)]; καθ᾽ ἡμέτερον νόον after our liking,[Refs 5th c.BC+ (9.108; κ. νόον πρήξωμεν 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.97)]; κ. μοῖραν as is meet and right, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.286; κατ᾽ αἶσαν, κ. κόσμον, 10.445, 472)]; κ. νόμον [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Theogonia” 417; κὰν νόμον 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 8.78; κ. τοὺς νόμους “IG” 22.1227.15)]; αἰτίαν καθ᾽ ἥντινα for what cause, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 228)]; κατ᾽ ἔχθραν, κ. φθόνον, for (i.e. because of) hatred, envy, [Refs ([prev. author] “Supp.” 336, “Eu.” 686)]; καθ᾽ ἡδονήν τι δρᾶν, ποιεῖν, do as one pleases, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.37, 53; κ. τὸ ἔχθος τὸ Θεσσαλῶν 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.30, compare 9.38)]; κ. φιλίαν, κατ᾽ ἔχθος, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.60, 103, etc.)]; κατ᾽ ἄλλο μὲν οὐδέν, ὅτι δέ.. for no other reason but that.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 229d)]; κ. δύναμιν to the best of one's power, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.142, etc. (κὰδ δ. 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 336))]; κ. τρόπον διοικεῖν arrange suitably, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 2.6, +others)]; κατ᾽ εὐνοίην with goodwill, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 6.108; κ. τὰ παρηγγελμένα 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 2.2.8, etc.)]; in quotations, according to, κατ᾽ Αἰσχύλον [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Thesmophoriazusae” 134; κ. Πίνδαρον 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 227b, etc.)]
B.IV.2 in relation to, concerning, τὰ κατ᾽ ἀνθρώπους ={τὰ ἀνθρώπινα}, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Eumenides” 930, 310; τὰ κ. τὸν Τέλλον 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.31; τὰ κ. τὴν Κύρου τελευτήν [prev. work] 214)]; τὰ κ. πόλεμον military matters, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 1.181)]; αἱ κ. τὴν πόλιν οἰκονομίαι (opposed to αἱ πολεμικαὶ πράξεις) the management of public affairs, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-3rd c.BC: Dinarchus Orator 1.97; τὰ κ. τὰς θυσίας “SIG” 506.7 (Delph., 3rd c.BC))]; so τὸ κατ᾽ ὑμέας as far as concerns you, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.158)]; τὸ κατ᾽ ἐμέ as far as I am concerned, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.247)]; κ. τοῦτο in this respect, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.3, etc.)]; κ. ταὐτά in the same way, [Refs ([prev. author] 2.20)]; καθ᾽ ὅτι so far as, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.82, etc.)]
B.IV.3 in Comparisons, corresponding with, after the fashion of, κρομύοιο λοπὸν κ. like the coat of an onion, uncertain in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.233; μέλος κ. Φοίνισσαν ἐμπολὰν πέμπεται 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 2.67)]; κ. Μιθραδάτην answering to the description of him, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.121)]; τὴν ἰδέαν κ. πνιγέα like an oven in appearance, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Aves” 1001)]; κηδεῦσαι καθ᾽ ἑαυτόν to marry in one's own rank of life, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 890; οὐ κατ᾽ ἄνθρωπον φρονεῖν [prev. author] “Th.” 425; λέγω κατ᾽ ἄνδρα, μὴ θεόν, σέβειν ἐμέ [prev. author] “Ag.” 925)]; οὐ κατὰ σέ none of your sort, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Chionides Comicus 1 (but ἵνα προσείπω σε κατὰ σέ)] to address you in your own style, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 467c); τὸ κατ᾽ ἐμὲ καὶ οὐ κατ᾽ ἐμέ 2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Epicteti Dissertationes” 1.28.5; οὐ κ. τὰς Μειδίου λῃτουργίας 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.169; ἡ βασιλεία κ. τὴν ἀριστοκρατίαν ἐστί 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1310b3)]: frequently after a comparative, μέζων ἢ κατ᾽ ἀνθρώπων φύσιν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.38, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Apologia” 20e, etc.)]; μείζω ἢ κ. δάκρυα too great for tears, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.75)]; ἤθεα βαθύτερα ἢ κ. Θρήϊκας morerefined than was common among the Thracians, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.95.)]
B.V by the favour of a god, etc., κ. δαίμονα [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 9.28, compare “P.” 8.68; κ. θεῖον 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 147 codices (κ. θεὸν Cobet))]; κ. τύχην τινά [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 48.24.)]
B.VI of round numbers (see. below v11.2), nearly, about, κ. Χίλια ἑξακόσια ἔτεα 1600 years more or less, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.145, compare 6.44, +others)]; κατ᾽ οὐδέν next to nothing, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Politicus” 302b.)]
B.VII of Time, during or in the course of a period, κ. τὸν πόλεμον [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.137)]; καθ᾽ ἡμέραν, κατ᾽ ἦμαρ, by day, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 818, “Ag.” 668; κατ᾽ εὐφρόνην [prev. author] “Pers.” 221)]; κ. Χειμῶνα, κ. θερείαν, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (“PLille” 1r14 (3rd c.BC), “PTeb.” 27.60 (2nd c.BC).)]
B.VII.2 about, κ. τὸν αὐτὸν τοῦτον Χρόνον [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.131, etc.; κ. τοὺς θανάτους τῶν βασιλέων [prev. author] 6.58)]; especially with names of persons, κ. Ἄμασιν βασιλεύοντα about the time of Amasis, [Refs ([prev. author] 2.134; κ. τὸν κ. Κροῖσον Χρόνον [prev. author] 1.67)]; οἱ κατ᾽ ἐκεῖνον (i.e. τὸν Ἀλκιβιάδην) ὑμέτεροι πρόγονοι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.146 (variant{κατ᾽ ἐκ. τὸν Χρόνον}); κ. τοὺς Ἡρακλείδας 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Respublica Lacedaemoniorum” 10.8)]; οἱ καθ᾽ ἑαυτοὺς ἄνθρωποι their contemporaries, [Refs ([prev. author] “Mem.” 3.5.10.)]
B.VII.3 καθ᾽ ἕτος this year, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (“SIG” 284.24 (Erythrae, 4th c.BC), “OGI” 458.64 1st c.BC-1st c.AD, “CIG” “Corpus Inscriptionum Graecarum” “Corpus Inscriptionum Graecarum” 3641b5,38 (from Lampsacus).)]
B.VIII periphrastically with abstract substantive, κατ᾽ ἡσυχίην, κ. τάχος, ={ἡσύχως, ταχέως}, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.9, 7.178)]; κ. κράτος by force, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 2.1.19, etc.)]; κ. μέρος partially, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Poetica” 1456a16)]; individually, severally, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 157b, “Lg.” 835a)]; κ. φύσιν naturally, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.38, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 428e)]; κ. τὴν τέχνην skilfully, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “DDeor.” 20.7)]; οὔτ᾽ ἐμοὶ λέγειν καθ᾽ ἡδονήν [ἐστι] it is not pleasant for me to tell you, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 263.)]
C Position: κατά may follow both its cases, and is then written with anastrophe κάτα, as [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 20.221, etc.)]; so also in tmesi, when it follows its Verb, [Refs (17.91.)]
D absolutely as adverb. in all the above senses, especially like{κάτω}, downwards, from above, down, frequently in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus)]
E κατά in COMPOSITION (joined with other words),
E.I downwards, down, as in καταβαίνω, καταβάλλω, κατάκειμαι, καταπέμπω, καταπίπτω, καταπλέω 1.
E.II in answer to, in accordance with, as in κατᾴδω (occino), καταινέω, καταθύμιος.
E.III against, in hostile sense [Refs 4th c.BC+ (compare (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus 11.5), as in καταγιγνώσκω, κατακρίνω, καταψηφίζομαι: more rarely with a)] substantive, as καταδίκη.
E.IV back, back again, as in κάτειμι, καταπορεύομαι, καταπλέω 11.
E.V frequently only to strengthen the notion of the simple word, as in κατακόπτω, κατακτείνω, καταφαγεῖν, etc.; also with Substantives and adjectives, as in κατάδηλος, κάτοξος.
E.VI sometimes to give a transitive force to an intransitive Verb, our be-, as in καταθρηνέω bewail.
E.VII implying waste or consumption, as in καταλειτουργέω, καθιπποτροφέω, καταζευγοτροφέω: and generally in a disparaging sense, as in καταγιγνώσκω 1.
F κατά as a preposition was shortened in some dialects, especially in Epic dialect, into κάγ, κάδ, κάκ, κάμ, κάν, κάπ, κάρ, κάτ, before γ, δ, κ, μ, ν, π (or φ), ῥ, τ (or θ), respectively; see these forms in their own places. Mss. and the older Edd. join the preposition with the following word, as καγγόνυ, καδδέ, κακκεφαλῆς, καππεδίον, καπφάλαρα, καρρόον, καττάδε, καττόν, etc. In compound Verbs, κατά sometimes changes into καβ, καλ, καρ, κατ, before β, λ, ρ, θ, respectively, as κάββαλε, κάλλιπε, καρρέζουσα, κάτθαν; and before στ, σχ, the second syllable sometimes disappears, as in καστορνῦσα, κάσχεθε, as also in the Doric dialect forms καβαίνων, κάπετον.
καθεῖς,
for καθ᾽ εἷς, one by one, one after antoher, [LXX+NT+2nd c.AD+ (LXX.3Mac.5.34; εἷς καθεῖς NT.Mark.14.19, etc.: formed backwards from the _neuter_ ἓν καθέν, noted by 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Sol.” 9.)]