Strong G2443ἵνα
in order that/to
- Transliteration
- hina
- Pronunciation
- hin'-ah
- Morphology
- Greek Conjunction
Definition
Detailed definition
ἵνα,
I. adverb (poët., Hom., al.),
1. of place, where, whither.
2. of circumstance, when.
II. Conjunction,
1. prop., final, denoting purpose or end (cl.), that, in order that, usually the first word in the clause, but sometimes (cl. also) preceded by an emphatic word (Act.19:4, Rom.11:31 (?), Gal.2:10, al.);
__(a) with optative (so in cl. after historic tenses): after a pres., Eph.1:17 (but WH, mg., subjc.; see Burton, §225, Rem., 2);
__(b) with subjc.: after a pres., Mrk.4:21, Luk.6:34, Jhn.3:15, Act.2:25, Rom.1:11, al.; after a pf., Mat.1:22, Jhn.5:23 1Co.9:22, al.; after an imperat. (present or aor.), Mat.7:1, Mrk.11:25, Jhn.10:38, 1Co.7:5, al.; after a delib. subjc., Mrk.1:38, al.; after a fut., Luk.16:4, Jhn.14:3, 1Co.15:28, al.; after historic tenses (where optative in cl.; WM, 359f.; M, Pr., 196f.), Mrk.6:41 (impf.), Jhn.4:8 (plpf.), Mrk.3:14 (aor.), al.;
__(with) in late writers (M, Pr., 35; Burton, §§198, 199), with indic., fut: Luk.20:10, 1Pe.3:1, al.;
__(d) as often in eccl. writers (Thayer, see word), with indic. pres.: 1Co.4:6, Gal.4:17, al. (?; but V. Burton, §198, Rem.);
__(e) εἰς (διὰ) τοῦτο, ἵνα: Jhn.18:37, 1Ti.1:16, al.; τούτου χάριν, Tit.1:5;
__(f) elliptical constructions: omission of the principal verb, Jhn.1:8, 2Th.3:9, 1Jn.2:19, al.; of the final verb, Rom.4:16, 2Co.8:13, al.
2. In late writers, definitive, = inf. (WM, 420; Bl, §69, 1), that;
__(a) after verbs of wishing, caring, striving, etc.: θέλω, Mat.7:12, al.; ζητῶ, 1Co.4:2 14:12; ζηλόω, 1Co.14:1, al.;
__(b) after verbs of saying, asking, exhorting: εἰπεῖν, Mat.4:3, al.; ἐρωτῶ, Mrk.7:26, al.; παρακαλῶ, Mat.14:36, 1Co.1:10, al., etc.;
__(with) after words expressing expediency, etc.: συμφέρει, Mat.18:6, Jhn.11:50, al.; ἱκανός, Mat.8:8, Luk.7:6; χρείαν ἔχω, Jhn.2:25, al, etc.;
__(d) after substantives, adding further definition: ὥρα, Jhn.12:23 13:1; χρόνος, Rev.2:21; συνήθεια, Jhn.18:39; μισθός, 1Co.9:18.
3. In late writers, ecbatic, denoting the result, = ὥστε, that, so that (M, Pr., 206ff.; WM, 572; Bl., §69, 3; Burton, §223): Rom.11:11, 1Co.7:29, 1Th.5:4, al. (but see Thayer, see word); so with the formula referring to the fulfilment of prophecy, ἵνα πληρωθῇ, Mat.1:22 2:14, Jhn.13:18, al.
(AS)
I. adverb (poët., Hom., al.),
1. of place, where, whither.
2. of circumstance, when.
II. Conjunction,
1. prop., final, denoting purpose or end (cl.), that, in order that, usually the first word in the clause, but sometimes (cl. also) preceded by an emphatic word (Act.19:4, Rom.11:31 (?), Gal.2:10, al.);
__(a) with optative (so in cl. after historic tenses): after a pres., Eph.1:17 (but WH, mg., subjc.; see Burton, §225, Rem., 2);
__(b) with subjc.: after a pres., Mrk.4:21, Luk.6:34, Jhn.3:15, Act.2:25, Rom.1:11, al.; after a pf., Mat.1:22, Jhn.5:23 1Co.9:22, al.; after an imperat. (present or aor.), Mat.7:1, Mrk.11:25, Jhn.10:38, 1Co.7:5, al.; after a delib. subjc., Mrk.1:38, al.; after a fut., Luk.16:4, Jhn.14:3, 1Co.15:28, al.; after historic tenses (where optative in cl.; WM, 359f.; M, Pr., 196f.), Mrk.6:41 (impf.), Jhn.4:8 (plpf.), Mrk.3:14 (aor.), al.;
__(with) in late writers (M, Pr., 35; Burton, §§198, 199), with indic., fut: Luk.20:10, 1Pe.3:1, al.;
__(d) as often in eccl. writers (Thayer, see word), with indic. pres.: 1Co.4:6, Gal.4:17, al. (?; but V. Burton, §198, Rem.);
__(e) εἰς (διὰ) τοῦτο, ἵνα: Jhn.18:37, 1Ti.1:16, al.; τούτου χάριν, Tit.1:5;
__(f) elliptical constructions: omission of the principal verb, Jhn.1:8, 2Th.3:9, 1Jn.2:19, al.; of the final verb, Rom.4:16, 2Co.8:13, al.
2. In late writers, definitive, = inf. (WM, 420; Bl, §69, 1), that;
__(a) after verbs of wishing, caring, striving, etc.: θέλω, Mat.7:12, al.; ζητῶ, 1Co.4:2 14:12; ζηλόω, 1Co.14:1, al.;
__(b) after verbs of saying, asking, exhorting: εἰπεῖν, Mat.4:3, al.; ἐρωτῶ, Mrk.7:26, al.; παρακαλῶ, Mat.14:36, 1Co.1:10, al., etc.;
__(with) after words expressing expediency, etc.: συμφέρει, Mat.18:6, Jhn.11:50, al.; ἱκανός, Mat.8:8, Luk.7:6; χρείαν ἔχω, Jhn.2:25, al, etc.;
__(d) after substantives, adding further definition: ὥρα, Jhn.12:23 13:1; χρόνος, Rev.2:21; συνήθεια, Jhn.18:39; μισθός, 1Co.9:18.
3. In late writers, ecbatic, denoting the result, = ὥστε, that, so that (M, Pr., 206ff.; WM, 572; Bl., §69, 3; Burton, §223): Rom.11:11, 1Co.7:29, 1Th.5:4, al. (but see Thayer, see word); so with the formula referring to the fulfilment of prophecy, ἵνα πληρωθῇ, Mat.1:22 2:14, Jhn.13:18, al.
(AS)
In the Bible
Strong G2443 appears in 627 verses of the KJV.
Translated in the KJV by
- that510
- to62
- lest23
- for7
- so4
- be2
- albeit1
- because1
- being1
- haply1
- intent1
- it1
First verses
- Matthew 1:22Now all this was done, that it might be fulfilled which was spoken of the Lord by the prophet, saying,
- Matthew 2:15And was there until the death of Herod: that it might be fulfilled which was spoken of the Lord by the prophet, saying, Out of Egypt have I called my son.
- Matthew 4:3And when the tempter came to him, he said, If thou be the Son of God, command that these stones be made bread.
- Matthew 4:14That it might be fulfilled which was spoken by Esaias the prophet, saying,
- Matthew 5:29And if thy right eye offend thee, pluck it out, and cast it from thee: for it is profitable for thee that one of thy members should perish, and not that thy whole body should be cast into hell.
- Matthew 5:30And if thy right hand offend thee, cut it off, and cast it from thee: for it is profitable for thee that one of thy members should perish, and not that thy whole body should be cast into hell.
- Matthew 7:1Judge not, that ye be not judged.
- Matthew 7:12Therefore all things whatsoever ye would that men should do to you, do ye even so to them: for this is the law and the prophets.
- Matthew 8:8The centurion answered and said, Lord, I am not worthy that thou shouldest come under my roof: but speak the word only, and my servant shall be healed.
- Matthew 9:4And Jesus knowing their thoughts said, Wherefore think ye evil in your hearts?
- Matthew 9:6But that ye may know that the Son of man hath power on earth to forgive sins, (then saith he to the sick of the palsy,) Arise, take up thy bed, and go unto thine house.
- Matthew 10:25It is enough for the disciple that he be as his master, and the servant as his lord. If they have called the master of the house Beelzebub, how much more shall they call them of his household?
- Matthew 12:10And, behold, there was a man which had his hand withered. And they asked him, saying, Is it lawful to heal on the sabbath days? that they might accuse him.
- Matthew 12:16And charged them that they should not make him known:
- Matthew 14:15And when it was evening, his disciples came to him, saying, This is a desert place, and the time is now past; send the multitude away, that they may go into the villages, and buy themselves victuals.
- Matthew 14:36And besought him that they might only touch the hem of his garment: and as many as touched were made perfectly whole.
- Matthew 16:20Then charged he his disciples that they should tell no man that he was Jesus the Christ.
- Matthew 17:27Notwithstanding, lest we should offend them, go thou to the sea, and cast an hook, and take up the fish that first cometh up; and when thou hast opened his mouth, thou shalt find a piece of money: that take, and give unto them for me and thee.
- Matthew 18:6But whoso shall offend one of these little ones which believe in me, it were better for him that a millstone were hanged about his neck, and that he were drowned in the depth of the sea.
- Matthew 18:14Even so it is not the will of your Father which is in heaven, that one of these little ones should perish.
Occurrences by book
Related words
Detailed Greek dictionary
ἵνα,
adverb,
I of Place,
I.1 in that place, there, once in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, ἵ. γάρ σφιν ἐπέφραδον ἠγερέθεσθαι 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.127 (_accusative_ to 12th c.AD: Eustathius Episcopus Thessalonicensis).)]
I.2 elsewhere relative, in which place, where,[Refs 8th c.BC+ (2.558, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.136, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.133, 9.27, 54, 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 1.95, 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus 10.79, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 21, +others, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 22, 855, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ranae” 1231, etc.)]: rarely in Attic dialect Prose, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 13.72 (see. below), 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Apologia” 17c, “Phlb.” 61b)]; ἵ. ἡ Νίκη (i.e. ἐστίν) [Refs 8th c.BC+ (“IG” 22.1407.13: rare in later Greek, 2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Anabasis” 1.3.2, 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Cont.” 22, “Ind.” 3: with particles, ἵ. τε 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 20.478; ἵ. περ 24.382, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 13.364, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator)] [same place]; ἵν᾽ ἄν with subjunctive, wherever, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 405, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Ion” 315)]; as indirect interrogative, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.179, 2.150, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 1008.)]
I.2.b after [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, like other Advs. of Place, with _genitive_, ἵ. τῆς χώρης 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.98)]; ἔμαθε ἵ. ἦν κακοῦ in what a calamity, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] 1.213; οὐδ᾽ ὁρᾶν ἵν᾽ ἐ̄ κακοῦ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 367)]; ἵν᾽ ἕσταμεν χρείας[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 1442; ἵν᾽ ἦμεν ἄτης [prev. author] “El.” 936; ὁρᾷς ἵν᾽ ἐσμὲν αὐτοῦ πέρι τῆς ἀπορίας 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Sophista” 243b.)]
I.2.c with Verbs of motion, whither, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.821, +others; ὁρᾷς ἵν᾽ ἥκεις 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 687, +others, 4th-3rd c.BC: Dinarchus Orator 2.10; ιναπερ ὥρμητο 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.74.)]
II of circumstance, γάμος.., ἵ. χρή at which, when, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 6.27)]; ἵ. μὲν ἐξῆν αὐτοῖς.., ἐνταῦθα.. when it was in their power, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 6.9.)]
II.2 ={ἐάν}, uncertain in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.353 (variant{ἵν᾽ ἄν}, cf. Scholia), 7th c.BC: Archilochus Lyricus 74.7 codices, variant in 4th-3rd c.BC: Dinarchus Orator 1.1, and 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Charmides” 176b.)]
B Final conjunction, that, in order that, from [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus)] downwards, mostly first word in the clause, but sometimes preceded by an emphatic word, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Charmides” 169d; ἵ. δή 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.26, 23.207, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.29, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 420e, 610c: never with ἄν)] or κε (if found, these particles belong to the Verb, as in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 12.156, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Aulidensis” 1579).)]
B.I general usage:
B.I.1 with subjunctive,
B.I.1.a after primary tenses of indicative, also subjunctive and imperative: present indicative, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 3.252, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.111, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 3.2.3, “Cyr.” 1.2.11, 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 3.2)]: perfect indicative, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.203, 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 4.129)]: future, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.307, 4.591, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 1.2.15)]; subjunctive, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 364; _imperative_, 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 19.348, +others, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 61, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 880, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ranae” 297, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 341b, “Men.” 71d.)]
B.I.1.b after historical tenses, in similes, where the aorist is gnomic, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.490 (αὔοι codices))]; where aorist is treated as equivalent to perfect, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.99, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.580, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.91, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 1.4, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 9.26)]: when the purpose is regarded from the point of view of the speaker's present, σὲ παῖδα ποιεύμην ἵ. μοι.. λοιγὸν ἀμύνῃς [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.495, compare 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.29, 6.100, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.44, +others, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 1.11,12, +others)]
B.I.1.c after optative and ἄν, when optative with οὐκ ἄν is used with sense of imperative, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 24.264, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 6.58)]; after βουλοίμην ἄν.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 7.12.)]
B.I.1.d after imperfect with ἄν, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 23.7.)]
B.I.2 with optative,
B.I.2.a after historical tenses, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.3, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.2, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 215, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 3.11, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 314c, etc.)]: after the historical present, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 11)]: sometimes both moods, subjunctive and optative, follow in consecutive clauses, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.77, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.76, 9.51, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 23.93, 49.14.)]
B.I.2.b after optative, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 18.369, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 325; βούλοιντ᾽ ἂν ἡμᾶς ἐξολωλέναι, ἵνα.. λάβοιεν 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Pax” 413.)]
B.I.2.c rarely after primary tenses, by a shifting of the point of view, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 17.250, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ranae” 24, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 410c.)]
B.I.3 with past tenses of indicative,
B.I.3.a after unfulfilled wishes, [Refs ([prev. author] “Cri.” 44d.)]
B.I.3.b after indicative with ἄν, to express a consequence which has not followed or cannot follow, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1389, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Meno” 89b, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 29.17: especially after ἐβουλόμην ἄν.., 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 961, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 4.3.)]
B.I.3.c after such Verbs as ἐχρῆν, ἔδει, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hippolytus” 647, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 335c, “Smp.” 181e, “Euthd.” 304e, 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 9.5, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 24.48, 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus 349.5, etc.: whenan unfulfilled obligation is implied, τεθαύμακα ὅτι οὐκ εἶπεν (={ἔδει εἰπεῖν}).. ἵ... 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 161c)]; ἀντὶ τοῦ κοσμεῖν (={δέον κοσμεῖν}).. ἵ... [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 36.47.)]
B.I.3.d after present indicative in general statements (including the past), οὐδὲ γὰρ τὸ εἶναι ἔχει ἡ ὕλη, ἱ. ἀγαθοῦ ταύτῃ μετεῖχεν [Refs 3rd c.AD+ (3rd c.AD: Plotinus Philosophus 1.8.5.)]
B.I.4 ἵ. μή as the negative of ἵνα, that not, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 19.348, etc.)]
B.II special usages:
B.II.1 like{ὅπως}, after Verbs of command and entreaty, is common only in later Gr. (but[NT+8th c.BC+ (compare 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.327 with [prev. work] 19), ἀξιοῦν ἵ... Decrees cited in 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.155; δεήσεσθαι ἵ... 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis 1.83; παρακαλεῖν ἵ... 2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Epicteti Dissertationes” 3.23.27: frequently in “NT”, ἐκήρυξαν ἵ. μετανοήσωσιν NT.Mark.6.12, +others; of will, ὅσα ἐὰν θέλητε ἵ. ποιῶσιν.. [prev. work] 25: hence ἵ. with _subjunctive_ stands for infinitive, ἐν τούτῳ ἵ. καρπὸν φέρητε (={ἐν τῷ φέρειν}) NT.John.15.8, etc.; πρῶτόν ἐστιν ἵ. κοιμηθῶ 2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Epicteti Dissertationes” 1.10.8, compare 2nd c.AD: Marcus Antoninus Imperator 8.29)]; also for ὥστε, [LXX+1st c.AD+ (LXX.Gen.22.14, +others, 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.333a, 3rd c.AD: Porphyrius Tyrius Philosophus “de Abstinentia - Porphyrii Opuscula” 2.33, etc.)]
B.II.2 because, ἵ. ἀναγνῶ ἐτιμήθην I was honoured because I read, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (Anonymus cited in 2nd c.AD: Apollonius Dyscolus Grammaticus “de Syntaxi;” 266.5, compare “Conj.” 243.21, 4th-5th c.AD: Choeroboscus Grammaticus “Scholia in Theodosii Canones” 2.257, +others)]; not found in literature.
B.II.3 elliptical usages,
B.II.3.a where the purpose of the utterance is stated, Ζεὺς ἔσθ᾽, ἵν᾽ εἰδῇς 'tis Zeus,— [I tell thee this] that thou may'st know it, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 989; ἵ. μὴ εἴπω ὅτι οὐδεμιᾷ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 507d; ἵ. συντέμω 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 45.5; ἵν᾽ ἐκ τούτων ἄρξωμαι [prev. author] 21.43)]; ἵ. δῶμεν.. granted that.. , [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Sextus Empiricus Philosophus “Πυρρώνειοι ὑποτυπώσεις” 2.34, compare 1.79.)]
B.II.3.b in commands, introducing a principal sentence, ἵ. συντάξῃς order him.., [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (“PCair.Zen.” 240.12 (3rd c.BC))]; ἵ. λαλήσῃς [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (“PSI” 4.412.1 (3rd c.BC))]; ἵ. ἐλθὼν ἐπιθῇς τὰς χεῖρας αὐτῇ [LXX+NT+5th c.BC+ (NT.Mark.5.23,cf. NT.2Cor.8.7, LXX.2Mac.1.9, 2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Epicteti Dissertationes” 4.1.41, 1st c.BC: Didymus Grammaticus cited in Scholia 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 156.)]
B.II.3.c ἵ. τί (i.e. γένηται); to what end? either absolutely or as a question, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ecclesiazusae” 719)]; or with a Verb following, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] “Pax” 409, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Apologia” 26d, etc.)]; ἵ. δὴ τ; [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 1192.)]
B.II.3.d in indignant exclamations, to think that.. ! Σωκράτης ἵ. πάθῃ ταῦτα [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Epicteti Dissertationes” 1.29.16.)]
B.III in later Gr. with indicative, [LXX+NT (LXX.Exo.1.11, +others, NT.Gal.2.4, 4.17, etc.)]
adverb,
I of Place,
I.1 in that place, there, once in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, ἵ. γάρ σφιν ἐπέφραδον ἠγερέθεσθαι 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.127 (_accusative_ to 12th c.AD: Eustathius Episcopus Thessalonicensis).)]
I.2 elsewhere relative, in which place, where,[Refs 8th c.BC+ (2.558, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.136, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.133, 9.27, 54, 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 1.95, 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus 10.79, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 21, +others, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 22, 855, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ranae” 1231, etc.)]: rarely in Attic dialect Prose, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 13.72 (see. below), 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Apologia” 17c, “Phlb.” 61b)]; ἵ. ἡ Νίκη (i.e. ἐστίν) [Refs 8th c.BC+ (“IG” 22.1407.13: rare in later Greek, 2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Anabasis” 1.3.2, 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Cont.” 22, “Ind.” 3: with particles, ἵ. τε 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 20.478; ἵ. περ 24.382, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 13.364, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator)] [same place]; ἵν᾽ ἄν with subjunctive, wherever, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 405, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Ion” 315)]; as indirect interrogative, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.179, 2.150, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 1008.)]
I.2.b after [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, like other Advs. of Place, with _genitive_, ἵ. τῆς χώρης 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.98)]; ἔμαθε ἵ. ἦν κακοῦ in what a calamity, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] 1.213; οὐδ᾽ ὁρᾶν ἵν᾽ ἐ̄ κακοῦ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 367)]; ἵν᾽ ἕσταμεν χρείας[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 1442; ἵν᾽ ἦμεν ἄτης [prev. author] “El.” 936; ὁρᾷς ἵν᾽ ἐσμὲν αὐτοῦ πέρι τῆς ἀπορίας 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Sophista” 243b.)]
I.2.c with Verbs of motion, whither, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.821, +others; ὁρᾷς ἵν᾽ ἥκεις 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 687, +others, 4th-3rd c.BC: Dinarchus Orator 2.10; ιναπερ ὥρμητο 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.74.)]
II of circumstance, γάμος.., ἵ. χρή at which, when, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 6.27)]; ἵ. μὲν ἐξῆν αὐτοῖς.., ἐνταῦθα.. when it was in their power, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 6.9.)]
II.2 ={ἐάν}, uncertain in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.353 (variant{ἵν᾽ ἄν}, cf. Scholia), 7th c.BC: Archilochus Lyricus 74.7 codices, variant in 4th-3rd c.BC: Dinarchus Orator 1.1, and 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Charmides” 176b.)]
B Final conjunction, that, in order that, from [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus)] downwards, mostly first word in the clause, but sometimes preceded by an emphatic word, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Charmides” 169d; ἵ. δή 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.26, 23.207, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.29, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 420e, 610c: never with ἄν)] or κε (if found, these particles belong to the Verb, as in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 12.156, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Aulidensis” 1579).)]
B.I general usage:
B.I.1 with subjunctive,
B.I.1.a after primary tenses of indicative, also subjunctive and imperative: present indicative, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 3.252, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.111, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 3.2.3, “Cyr.” 1.2.11, 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 3.2)]: perfect indicative, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.203, 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 4.129)]: future, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.307, 4.591, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 1.2.15)]; subjunctive, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 364; _imperative_, 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 19.348, +others, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 61, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 880, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ranae” 297, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 341b, “Men.” 71d.)]
B.I.1.b after historical tenses, in similes, where the aorist is gnomic, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.490 (αὔοι codices))]; where aorist is treated as equivalent to perfect, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.99, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.580, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.91, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 1.4, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 9.26)]: when the purpose is regarded from the point of view of the speaker's present, σὲ παῖδα ποιεύμην ἵ. μοι.. λοιγὸν ἀμύνῃς [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.495, compare 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.29, 6.100, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.44, +others, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 1.11,12, +others)]
B.I.1.c after optative and ἄν, when optative with οὐκ ἄν is used with sense of imperative, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 24.264, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 6.58)]; after βουλοίμην ἄν.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 7.12.)]
B.I.1.d after imperfect with ἄν, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 23.7.)]
B.I.2 with optative,
B.I.2.a after historical tenses, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.3, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.2, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 215, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 3.11, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 314c, etc.)]: after the historical present, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 11)]: sometimes both moods, subjunctive and optative, follow in consecutive clauses, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.77, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.76, 9.51, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 23.93, 49.14.)]
B.I.2.b after optative, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 18.369, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 325; βούλοιντ᾽ ἂν ἡμᾶς ἐξολωλέναι, ἵνα.. λάβοιεν 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Pax” 413.)]
B.I.2.c rarely after primary tenses, by a shifting of the point of view, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 17.250, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ranae” 24, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 410c.)]
B.I.3 with past tenses of indicative,
B.I.3.a after unfulfilled wishes, [Refs ([prev. author] “Cri.” 44d.)]
B.I.3.b after indicative with ἄν, to express a consequence which has not followed or cannot follow, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1389, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Meno” 89b, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 29.17: especially after ἐβουλόμην ἄν.., 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 961, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 4.3.)]
B.I.3.c after such Verbs as ἐχρῆν, ἔδει, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hippolytus” 647, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 335c, “Smp.” 181e, “Euthd.” 304e, 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 9.5, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 24.48, 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus 349.5, etc.: whenan unfulfilled obligation is implied, τεθαύμακα ὅτι οὐκ εἶπεν (={ἔδει εἰπεῖν}).. ἵ... 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 161c)]; ἀντὶ τοῦ κοσμεῖν (={δέον κοσμεῖν}).. ἵ... [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 36.47.)]
B.I.3.d after present indicative in general statements (including the past), οὐδὲ γὰρ τὸ εἶναι ἔχει ἡ ὕλη, ἱ. ἀγαθοῦ ταύτῃ μετεῖχεν [Refs 3rd c.AD+ (3rd c.AD: Plotinus Philosophus 1.8.5.)]
B.I.4 ἵ. μή as the negative of ἵνα, that not, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 19.348, etc.)]
B.II special usages:
B.II.1 like{ὅπως}, after Verbs of command and entreaty, is common only in later Gr. (but[NT+8th c.BC+ (compare 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.327 with [prev. work] 19), ἀξιοῦν ἵ... Decrees cited in 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.155; δεήσεσθαι ἵ... 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis 1.83; παρακαλεῖν ἵ... 2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Epicteti Dissertationes” 3.23.27: frequently in “NT”, ἐκήρυξαν ἵ. μετανοήσωσιν NT.Mark.6.12, +others; of will, ὅσα ἐὰν θέλητε ἵ. ποιῶσιν.. [prev. work] 25: hence ἵ. with _subjunctive_ stands for infinitive, ἐν τούτῳ ἵ. καρπὸν φέρητε (={ἐν τῷ φέρειν}) NT.John.15.8, etc.; πρῶτόν ἐστιν ἵ. κοιμηθῶ 2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Epicteti Dissertationes” 1.10.8, compare 2nd c.AD: Marcus Antoninus Imperator 8.29)]; also for ὥστε, [LXX+1st c.AD+ (LXX.Gen.22.14, +others, 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.333a, 3rd c.AD: Porphyrius Tyrius Philosophus “de Abstinentia - Porphyrii Opuscula” 2.33, etc.)]
B.II.2 because, ἵ. ἀναγνῶ ἐτιμήθην I was honoured because I read, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (Anonymus cited in 2nd c.AD: Apollonius Dyscolus Grammaticus “de Syntaxi;” 266.5, compare “Conj.” 243.21, 4th-5th c.AD: Choeroboscus Grammaticus “Scholia in Theodosii Canones” 2.257, +others)]; not found in literature.
B.II.3 elliptical usages,
B.II.3.a where the purpose of the utterance is stated, Ζεὺς ἔσθ᾽, ἵν᾽ εἰδῇς 'tis Zeus,— [I tell thee this] that thou may'st know it, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 989; ἵ. μὴ εἴπω ὅτι οὐδεμιᾷ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 507d; ἵ. συντέμω 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 45.5; ἵν᾽ ἐκ τούτων ἄρξωμαι [prev. author] 21.43)]; ἵ. δῶμεν.. granted that.. , [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Sextus Empiricus Philosophus “Πυρρώνειοι ὑποτυπώσεις” 2.34, compare 1.79.)]
B.II.3.b in commands, introducing a principal sentence, ἵ. συντάξῃς order him.., [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (“PCair.Zen.” 240.12 (3rd c.BC))]; ἵ. λαλήσῃς [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (“PSI” 4.412.1 (3rd c.BC))]; ἵ. ἐλθὼν ἐπιθῇς τὰς χεῖρας αὐτῇ [LXX+NT+5th c.BC+ (NT.Mark.5.23,cf. NT.2Cor.8.7, LXX.2Mac.1.9, 2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Epicteti Dissertationes” 4.1.41, 1st c.BC: Didymus Grammaticus cited in Scholia 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 156.)]
B.II.3.c ἵ. τί (i.e. γένηται); to what end? either absolutely or as a question, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ecclesiazusae” 719)]; or with a Verb following, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] “Pax” 409, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Apologia” 26d, etc.)]; ἵ. δὴ τ; [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 1192.)]
B.II.3.d in indignant exclamations, to think that.. ! Σωκράτης ἵ. πάθῃ ταῦτα [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Epicteti Dissertationes” 1.29.16.)]
B.III in later Gr. with indicative, [LXX+NT (LXX.Exo.1.11, +others, NT.Gal.2.4, 4.17, etc.)]