Revised Literal Translation

Isaiah 1

1The visionחֲזוֹן֙cha.zOnH2377of Isaiahיְשַֽׁעְיָ֣הוּye.sha'.Ya.huH3470the sonבֶן־ven-H1121of Amozאָמ֔וֹץ'a.MotzH531,which he sawחָזָ֔הcha.ZahH2372concerning Judahיְהוּדָ֖הye.hu.DahH3063and Jerusalemוִירוּשָׁלִָ֑םvi.ru.sha.LimH3389in the daysבִּימֵ֨יbi.MeiH3117of Uzziahעֻזִּיָּ֧הוּ'u.zi.Ya.huH5818,Jothamיוֹתָ֛םyo.TamH3147,Ahazאָחָ֥ז'a.ChazH271, andHezekiahH3169,kingsמַלְכֵ֥יmal.KheiH4428of Judahיְהוּדָֽה׃ye.hu.DahH3063.

2Hearשִׁמְע֤וּshim.'UH8085,O heavensשָׁמַ֙יִם֙sha.Ma.yimH8064,and give earוְהַאֲזִ֣ינִיve.ha.'a.Zi.niH238,O earthאֶ֔רֶץ'E.retzH776:for Yhwhיְהוָ֖הYah.wehH3068hath spokenדִּבֵּ֑רdi.BerH1696,I have nourishedגִּדַּ֣לְתִּיgi.Dal.tiH1431and brought upוְרוֹמַ֔מְתִּיve.ro.Mam.tiH7311childrenבָּנִים֙ba.NimH1121,and they have rebelledפָּ֥שְׁעוּPa.she.'uH6586against me.

3The oxשׁוֹר֙shOrH7794knowethיָדַ֥עya.Da'H3045his ownerקֹנֵ֔הוּko.Ne.huH7069,and the donkeyוַחֲמ֖וֹרva.cha.MorH2543his master’sבְּעָלָ֑יוbe.'a.LavH1167cribאֵב֣וּס'e.VusH18: butIsraelיִשְׂרָאֵל֙Yis.ra.'ElH3478doth not knowיָדַ֔עya.Da'H3045,my peopleעַמִּ֖י'a.MiH5971doth not considerהִתְבּוֹנָֽן׃hit.bo.NanH995.

4Ahה֣וֹי׀HoH1945sinfulחֹטֵ֗אcho.Te'H2398nationגּ֣וֹיGoyH1471,a peopleעַ֚ם'amH5971ladenכֶּ֣בֶדKe.vedH3515with iniquityעָוֹ֔ן'a.VonH5771,a seedזֶ֣רַעZe.ra'H2233of evildoersמְרֵעִ֔יםme.re.'ImH7489,childrenבָּנִ֖יםba.NimH1121that are corruptersמַשְׁחִיתִ֑יםmash.chi.TimH7843:they have forsakenעָזְב֣וּ אֶת־'a.ze.Vu 'et-H853 H5800Yhwhיְהוָ֗הYah.wehH3068,they have provokedH5006the Holy Oneאֶת־ קְד֥וֹשׁ'et- ke.Do.oshH853 H6918of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֖לYis.ra.'ElH3478unto angerH5006,they are gone awayנָזֹ֥רוּna.Zo.ruH2114backwardאָחֽוֹר׃'a.ChorH268.

5Why should ye be strickenתֻכּ֛וּtu.KuH5221any more? ye will revoltסָרָ֑הsa.RahH5627more and moreתּוֹסִ֣יפוּto.Si.fuH3254:the whole headרֹ֣אשׁroshH7218is sickלָחֳלִ֔יlo.cho.LiH2483,and the whole heartלֵבָ֖בle.VavH3824faintדַּוָּֽי׃da.VaiH1742.

6From the soleמִכַּף־mi.kaf-H3709of the footרֶ֤גֶלRe.gelH7272even unto the headרֹאשׁ֙roShH7218there isno soundnessמְתֹ֔םme.TomH4974in it; butwoundsפֶּ֥צַעPe.tza'H6482,and bruisesוְחַבּוּרָ֖הve.cha.bu.RahH2250,and putrifyingטְרִיָּ֑הte.ri.YahH2961soresוּמַכָּ֣הu.ma.KahH4347:they have not been closedזֹ֙רוּ֙zo.ruH2115,neither bound upחֻבָּ֔שׁוּchu.Ba.shuH2280,neither mollifiedרֻכְּכָ֖הru.ke.KhahH7401with ointmentבַּשָּֽׁמֶן׃ba.Sha.menH8081.

7Your countryאַרְצְכֶ֣ם'ar.tze.KhemH776isdesolateשְׁמָמָ֔הshe.ma.MahH8077,your citiesעָרֵיכֶ֖ם'a.rei.KhemH5892areburnedשְׂרֻפ֣וֹתse.ru.FotH8313with fireאֵ֑שׁ'EshH784:your landאַדְמַתְכֶ֗ם'ad.mat.KhemH127,strangersזָרִים֙za.RimH2114devourאֹכְלִ֣ים'o.khe.LimH398it in your presence, and it isdesolateוּשְׁמָמָ֖הu.she.ma.MahH8077,as overthrownכְּמַהְפֵּכַ֥תke.mah.pe.KhatH4114by strangersזָרִֽים׃za.RimH2114.

8And the daughterבַת־vat-H1323of Zionצִיּ֖וֹןtzi.YonH6726is leftוְנוֹתְרָ֥הve.not.RahH3498as a cottageכְּסֻכָּ֣הke.su.KahH5521in a vineyardבְכָ֑רֶםve.Kha.remH3754,as a lodgeכִּמְלוּנָ֥הkim.lu.NahH4412in a garden of cucumbersבְמִקְשָׁ֖הve.mik.ShahH4750,as a besiegedנְצוּרָֽה׃ne.tzu.RahH5341cityכְּעִ֥ירke.'IrH5892.

9Exceptלוּלֵי֙lu.LeiH3884Yhwhיְהוָ֣הYah.wehH3068of Armiesצְבָא֔וֹתtze.va.'otH6635had leftהוֹתִ֥ירho.TirH3498unto us a very smallכִּמְעָ֑טkim.'AtH4592remnantשָׂרִ֖ידsa.RidH8300,we should have beenהָיִ֔ינוּha.Yi.nuH1961as Sodomכִּסְדֹ֣םkis.DomH5467, andwe should have been likeדָּמִֽינוּ׃ סda.Mi.nuH1819unto Gomorrahלַעֲמֹרָ֖הla.'a.mo.RahH6017.

10Hearשִׁמְע֥וּshim.'UH8085the wordדְבַר־de.var-H1697of Yhwhיְהוָ֖הYah.wehH3068,ye rulersקְצִינֵ֣יke.tzi.NeiH7101of Sodomסְדֹ֑םse.DomH5467;give earהַאֲזִ֛ינוּha.'a.Zi.nuH238unto the lawתּוֹרַ֥תto.RatH8451of our Godאֱלֹהֵ֖ינוּ'e.lo.Hei.nuH430,ye peopleעַ֥ם'amH5971of Gomorrahעֲמֹרָֽה׃'a.mo.RahH6017.

11To whatלָמָּה־la.mah-H4100purpose isthe multitudeרֹב־rov-H7230of your sacrificesזִבְחֵיכֶם֙ziv.chei.KhemH2077unto me? saithיֹאמַ֣רyo.MarH559Yhwhיְהוָ֔הYah.wehH3068:I am fullשָׂבַ֛עְתִּיsa.Va'.tiH7646of the burnt offeringsעֹל֥וֹתo.LotH5930of ramsאֵילִ֖ים'ei.LimH352,and the fatוְחֵ֣לֶבve.Che.levH2459of fed beastsמְרִיאִ֑יםme.ri.'ImH4806;and I delightחָפָֽצְתִּי׃cha.Fa.tze.tiH2654not in the bloodוְדַ֨םve.DamH1818of bullocksפָּרִ֧יםpa.RimH6499,or of lambsוּכְבָשִׂ֛יםu.khe.va.SimH3532,or of he goatsוְעַתּוּדִ֖יםve.'a.tu.DimH6260.

12When ye comeתָבֹ֔אוּta.Vo.'uH935to appearלֵרָא֖וֹתle.ra.'otH7200beforeפָּנָ֑יpa.NaiH6440me, who hath requiredבִקֵּ֥שׁvi.KeshH1245this at your handמִיֶּדְכֶ֖םmi.yed.KhemH3027,to treadרְמֹ֥סre.MosH7429my courtsחֲצֵרָֽי׃cha.tze.RaiH2691?

13Bringהָבִיא֙ha.Vi'H935no moreתוֹסִ֗יפוּto.Si.fuH3254vainשָׁ֔וְאShav'H7723oblationsמִנְחַת־min.chat-H4503;incenseקְטֹ֧רֶתke.To.retH7004is an abominationתּוֹעֵבָ֛הto.'e.VahH8441unto me; the new moonsחֹ֤דֶשׁCho.deshH2320and sabbathsוְשַׁבָּת֙ve.sha.BatH7676,the callingקְרֹ֣אke.Ro'H7121of assembliesמִקְרָ֔אmik.Ra'H4744,I cannot away withאוּכַ֥ל'u.KhalH3201; it isiniquityאָ֖וֶן'A.venH205,even the solemn meetingוַעֲצָרָֽה׃va.'a.tza.RahH6116.

14Your new moonsחָדְשֵׁיכֶ֤םcha.de.shei.KhemH2320and your appointed feastsוּמוֹעֲדֵיכֶם֙u.mo.'a.dei.KhemH4150my soulנַפְשִׁ֔יnaf.ShiH5315hatethשָׂנְאָ֣הsa.ne.'AhH8130:they are a troubleלָטֹ֑רַחla.To.rachH2960unto me; I am wearyנִלְאֵ֖יתִיnil.'Ei.tiH3811to bearנְשֹֽׂא׃ne.So'H5375them.

15And when ye spread forthוּבְפָרִשְׂכֶ֣םu.ve.fa.ris.KhemH6566your handsכַּפֵּיכֶ֗םka.pei.KhemH3709,I will hideאַעְלִ֤ים'a'.LimH5956mine eyesעֵינַי֙'ei.NaiH5869from you: yea, when ye make manyתַרְבּ֥וּtar.BuH7235prayersתְפִלָּ֖הte.fi.LahH8605,I will not hearשֹׁמֵ֑עַsho.Me.a'H8085:your handsיְדֵיכֶ֖םye.dei.KhemH3027are fullמָלֵֽאוּ׃ma.Le.'uH4390of bloodדָּמִ֥יםda.MimH1818.

16Washרַחֲצוּ֙ra.cha.TzuH7364you, make you cleanהִזַּכּ֔וּhi.za.KuH2135;put awayהָסִ֛ירוּha.Si.ruH5493the evilרֹ֥עַRo.a'H7455of your doingsמַעַלְלֵיכֶ֖םma.'a.lei.KhemH4611from beforeמִנֶּ֣גֶדmi.Ne.gedH5048mine eyesעֵינָ֑י'ei.NaiH5869;ceaseחִדְל֖וּchid.LuH2308to do evilהָרֵֽעַ׃ha.Re.a'H7489;

17Learnלִמְד֥וּlim.DuH3925to do wellהֵיטֵ֛בhei.TevH3190;seekדִּרְשׁ֥וּdir.ShuH1875judgmentמִשְׁפָּ֖טmish.PatH4941,relieveאַשְּׁר֣וּ'a.she.RuH833the oppressedחָמ֑וֹץcha.MotzH2541,judgeשִׁפְט֣וּshif.TuH8199the fatherlessיָת֔וֹםya.TomH3490,pleadרִ֖יבוּRi.vuH7378for the widowאַלְמָנָֽה׃ ס'al.ma.NahH490.

18Come nowH3212,and let us reason togetherוְנִוָּֽכְחָ֖הve.ni.va.khe.ChahH3198,saithיֹאמַ֣רyo.MarH559Yhwhיְהוָ֑הYah.wehH3068:though your sinsחֲטָאֵיכֶ֤םcha.ta.'ei.KhemH2399be as scarletכַּשָּׁנִים֙ka.sha.NimH8144,they shall be as whiteיַלְבִּ֔ינוּyal.Bi.nuH3835as snowכַּשֶּׁ֣לֶגka.She.legH7950;though they be redיַאְדִּ֥ימוּya'.Di.muH119like crimsonכַתּוֹלָ֖עkha.to.La'H8438,they shall be as woolכַּצֶּ֥מֶרka.Tze.merH6785.

19If ye be willingתֹּאב֖וּto.VuH14and obedientוּשְׁמַעְתֶּ֑םu.she.ma'.TemH8085,ye shall eatתֹּאכֵֽלוּ׃to.Khe.luH398the goodט֥וּבtuvH2898of the landהָאָ֖רֶץha.'A.retzH776:

20But if ye refuseתְּמָאֲנ֖וּte.ma.'a.NuH3985and rebelוּמְרִיתֶ֑םu.me.ri.TemH4784,ye shall be devouredתְּאֻכְּל֔וּte.'u.ke.LuH398with the swordחֶ֣רֶבChe.revH2719:for the mouthפִּ֥יpiH6310of Yhwhיְהוָ֖הYah.wehH3068hath spokenדִּבֵּֽר׃ סdi.BerH1696it.

21How is the faithfulנֶאֱמָנָ֑הne.'e.ma.NahH539cityקִרְיָ֖הkir.YahH7151become an harlotלְזוֹנָ֔הle.zo.NahH2181!it was fullמְלֵאֲתִ֣יme.le.'a.TiH4392of judgmentמִשְׁפָּ֗טmish.PatH4941;righteousnessצֶ֛דֶקTze.dekH6664lodgedיָלִ֥יןya.LinH3885in it; but now murderersמְרַצְּחִֽים׃me.ra.tze.ChimH7523.

22Thy silverכַּסְפֵּ֖ךְkas.PekhH3701is become drossלְסִיגִ֑יםle.si.GimH5509,thy wineסָבְאֵ֖ךְsa.ve.'EkhH5435mixedמָה֥וּלma.HulH4107with waterבַּמָּֽיִם׃ba.Ma.yimH4325:

23Thy princesשָׂרַ֣יִךְsa.Ra.yikhH8269arerebelliousסוֹרְרִ֗יםso.RimH5637,and companionsוְחַבְרֵי֙ve.chav.ReiH2270of thievesגַּנָּבִ֔יםga.na.VimH1590:every one lovethאֹהֵ֣ב'o.HevH157giftsשֹׁ֔חַדSho.chadH7810,and followethוְרֹדֵ֖ףve.ro.DefH7291after rewardsשַׁלְמֹנִ֑יםshal.mo.NimH8021:they judgeיִשְׁפֹּ֔טוּyish.Po.tuH8199not the fatherlessיָתוֹם֙ya.tOmH3490,neither doth the causeוְרִ֥יבve.RivH7379of the widowאַלְמָנָ֖ה'al.ma.NahH490comeיָב֥וֹאya.Vo'H935unto them.

24Therefore saithנְאֻ֤םne.'UmH5002the Lordהָֽאָדוֹן֙ha.'a.dOnH113,Yhwhיְהוָ֣הYah.wehH3068of Armiesצְבָא֔וֹתtze.va.'otH6635,the mighty Oneאֲבִ֖יר'a.VirH46of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֑לYis.ra.'ElH3478,Ahה֚וֹיHoH1945,I will easeאֶנָּחֵ֣ם'e.na.ChemH5162me of mine adversariesמִצָּרַ֔יmi.tza.RaiH6862,and avengeוְאִנָּקְמָ֖הve.'i.na.ke.MahH5358me of mine enemiesמֵאוֹיְבָֽי׃me.'oy.VaiH341:

25And I will turnוְאָשִׁ֤יבָהve.'a.Shi.vahH7725my handיָדִי֙ya.DiH3027upon thee, and purelyכַּבֹּ֖רka.BorH1253purge awayוְאֶצְרֹ֥ףve.'etz.RofH6884thy drossסִיגָ֑יִךְsi.Ga.yikhH5509,and take awayוְאָסִ֖ירָהve.'a.Si.rahH5493all thy tinבְּדִילָֽיִךְ׃be.di.La.yikhH913:

26And I will restoreוְאָשִׁ֤יבָהve.'a.Shi.vahH7725thy judgesשֹׁפְטַ֙יִךְ֙sho.fe.Ta.yikhH8199as at the firstכְּבָרִ֣אשֹׁנָ֔הke.va.Ri.sho.NahH7223,and thy counsellorsוְיֹעֲצַ֖יִךְve.yo.'a.Tza.yikhH3289as at the beginningכְּבַתְּחִלָּ֑הke.vat.te.chi.LahH8462:afterwardאַחֲרֵי־'a.cha.rei-H310thou shalt be calledיִקָּ֤רֵאyi.Ka.re'H7121,The cityעִ֣יר'irH5892of righteousnessהַצֶּ֔דֶקha.Tze.dekH6664,the faithfulנֶאֱמָנָֽה׃ne.'e.ma.NahH539cityקִרְיָ֖הkir.YahH7151.

27Zionצִיּ֖וֹןtzi.YonH6726shall be redeemedתִּפָּדֶ֑הti.pa.DehH6299with judgmentבְּמִשְׁפָּ֣טbe.mish.PatH4941,and her convertsוְשָׁבֶ֖יהָve.sha.Vei.haH7725with righteousnessבִּצְדָקָֽה׃bitz.da.KahH6666.

28And the destructionוְשֶׁ֧בֶרve.She.verH7667of the transgressorsפֹּשְׁעִ֛יםpo.she.'ImH6586and of the sinnersוְחַטָּאִ֖יםve.cha.ta.'ImH2400shall betogetherיַחְדָּ֑וyach.DavH3162,and they that forsakeוְעֹזְבֵ֥יve.'o.ze.VeiH5800Yhwhיְהוָ֖הYah.wehH3068shall be consumedיִכְלֽוּ׃yikh.LuH3615.

29For they shall be ashamedיֵבֹ֔שׁוּye.Vo.shuH954of the oaksמֵאֵילִ֖יםme.'ei.LimH352which ye have desiredחֲמַדְתֶּ֑םcha.mad.TemH2530,and ye shall be confoundedוְתַ֨חְפְּר֔וּve.Tach.pe.RuH2659for the gardensמֵהַגַּנּ֖וֹתme.hag.ga.NotH1593that ye have chosenבְּחַרְתֶּֽם׃be.char.TemH977.

30For ye shall be as an oakכְּאֵלָ֖הke.'e.LahH424whose leafעָלֶ֑הָ'a.Le.haH5929fadethנֹבֶ֣לֶתno.Ve.letH5034,and as a gardenוּֽכְגַנָּ֔הu.khe.ga.NahH1593that hath no waterמַ֖יִםMa.yimH4325.

31And the strongהֶחָסֹן֙he.cha.SonH2634shall be as towלִנְעֹ֔רֶתlin.'O.retH5296,and the makerוּפֹעֲל֖וֹu.fo.'a.LoH6467of it as a sparkלְנִיצ֑וֹץle.ni.TzotzH5213,and they shall bothשְׁנֵיהֶ֛םshe.nei.HemH8147burnוּבָעֲר֧וּu.va.'a.RuH1197togetherיַחְדָּ֖וyach.DavH3162,and none shall quenchמְכַבֶּֽה׃ סme.kha.BehH3518them.

Commentaries on Isaiah 1