Strong G4983σῶμα
body
- Transliteration
- sōma
- Pronunciation
- so'-mah
- Morphology
- Greek Noun Neuter
Definition
From G4982; the body (as a sound whole) used in a very wide application literally or figuratively: - bodily body slave.
Detailed definition
σῶμα, -τος, τό,
[in LXX for גְּוִיָּה,בָּשָׂר, etc., and for Aram. נְבֵלָה;]
a body.
1. Prop., of the human body,
__(a) as always in Hom. (opposite to δέμας), of the dead body: Mat.27:58, 59 Mrk.15:43, al.;
__(b) of the living body: Luk.11:34, 1Co.6:13, al.; ἐν σ. εἶναι, Heb.13:3; as the instrument of the soul, τὰ διὰ τοῦ σ., 2Co.5:10; opposite to πνεῦμα, Rom.8:10, 1Co.5:3 7:4, Jas.2:26; to ψυχή, Mat.6:25 10:28, Luk.12:22 (cf. Wis.1:1, al.); to τὸ π. καὶ ἡ ψ., 1Th.5:23; σ. ψυχικόν, opposite to σ. πνευματικόν, 1Co.15:44; ὁ ναὸς τοῦ σ. αὐτοῦ (genitive epexeg.), Jhn.2:21; τὸ σ. τ. ταπεινώσεως (Hebraistic "genitive of definition"; M, Pr., 73f.; Bl., §35, 5), opposite to τὸ σ. τ. δοξῆς αὐτοῦ, Php.3:21; similarly, τὸ σ. τ. σαρκός, Col.1:22; σ. τοῦ θανάτου (subject to death), Rom.7:24; σ. τ. ἁμαρτίας, Rom.6:6;
__(with) periphr., ἀνθρώπου, then absol., σῶμα (Soph., Xen., al.), a person, and in later writers (Polyb., al.), a slave: Rev.18:13 (cf. MM, i, ii, xxiv; Deiss., BS, 160).
2. Of the bodies of animals: living, Jas.3:3; dead, Heb.13:11 ( Exo.29:14, al.).
3. Of inanimate objects (cf. Eng. "heavenly bodies"): 1Co.15:37, 38 40 (Diod., al.).
4. Of any corporeal substance (Plat., al.): opposite to σκιά, Col.2:17. Metaphorical, of a number of persons united by a common bond; in NT, of the Church as the spiritual body of Christ: Rom.12:5, 1Co.10:16, 17 12:13, 27, Eph.1:23 2:16 4:4, 12, 16 5:23, 30, Col.1:18, 24 2:19 3:15; ἓν σ. κ. ἓν πνεῦμα, Eph.4:4.
(AS)
[in LXX for גְּוִיָּה,בָּשָׂר, etc., and for Aram. נְבֵלָה;]
a body.
1. Prop., of the human body,
__(a) as always in Hom. (opposite to δέμας), of the dead body: Mat.27:58, 59 Mrk.15:43, al.;
__(b) of the living body: Luk.11:34, 1Co.6:13, al.; ἐν σ. εἶναι, Heb.13:3; as the instrument of the soul, τὰ διὰ τοῦ σ., 2Co.5:10; opposite to πνεῦμα, Rom.8:10, 1Co.5:3 7:4, Jas.2:26; to ψυχή, Mat.6:25 10:28, Luk.12:22 (cf. Wis.1:1, al.); to τὸ π. καὶ ἡ ψ., 1Th.5:23; σ. ψυχικόν, opposite to σ. πνευματικόν, 1Co.15:44; ὁ ναὸς τοῦ σ. αὐτοῦ (genitive epexeg.), Jhn.2:21; τὸ σ. τ. ταπεινώσεως (Hebraistic "genitive of definition"; M, Pr., 73f.; Bl., §35, 5), opposite to τὸ σ. τ. δοξῆς αὐτοῦ, Php.3:21; similarly, τὸ σ. τ. σαρκός, Col.1:22; σ. τοῦ θανάτου (subject to death), Rom.7:24; σ. τ. ἁμαρτίας, Rom.6:6;
__(with) periphr., ἀνθρώπου, then absol., σῶμα (Soph., Xen., al.), a person, and in later writers (Polyb., al.), a slave: Rev.18:13 (cf. MM, i, ii, xxiv; Deiss., BS, 160).
2. Of the bodies of animals: living, Jas.3:3; dead, Heb.13:11 ( Exo.29:14, al.).
3. Of inanimate objects (cf. Eng. "heavenly bodies"): 1Co.15:37, 38 40 (Diod., al.).
4. Of any corporeal substance (Plat., al.): opposite to σκιά, Col.2:17. Metaphorical, of a number of persons united by a common bond; in NT, of the Church as the spiritual body of Christ: Rom.12:5, 1Co.10:16, 17 12:13, 27, Eph.1:23 2:16 4:4, 12, 16 5:23, 30, Col.1:18, 24 2:19 3:15; ἓν σ. κ. ἓν πνεῦμα, Eph.4:4.
(AS)
In the Bible
Strong G4983 appears in 122 verses of the KJV.
Translated in the KJV by
- body120
- of2
- bodily1
- for1
- in1
- slave1
First verses
- Matthew 5:29And if thy right eye offend thee, pluck it out, and cast it from thee: for it is profitable for thee that one of thy members should perish, and not that thy whole body should be cast into hell.
- Matthew 5:30And if thy right hand offend thee, cut it off, and cast it from thee: for it is profitable for thee that one of thy members should perish, and not that thy whole body should be cast into hell.
- Matthew 6:22The light of the body is the eye: if therefore thine eye be single, thy whole body shall be full of light.
- Matthew 6:23But if thine eye be evil, thy whole body shall be full of darkness. If therefore the light that is in thee be darkness, how great is that darkness!
- Matthew 6:25Therefore I say unto you, Take no thought for your life, what ye shall eat, or what ye shall drink; nor yet for your body, what ye shall put on. Is not the life more than meat, and the body than raiment?
- Matthew 10:28And fear not them which kill the body, but are not able to kill the soul: but rather fear him which is able to destroy both soul and body in hell.
- Matthew 14:12And his disciples came, and took up the body, and buried it, and went and told Jesus.
- Matthew 26:12For in that she hath poured this ointment on my body, she did it for my burial.
- Matthew 26:26And as they were eating, Jesus took bread, and blessed it, and brake it, and gave it to the disciples, and said, Take, eat; this is my body.
- Matthew 27:52And the graves were opened; and many bodies of the saints which slept arose,
- Matthew 27:58He went to Pilate, and begged the body of Jesus. Then Pilate commanded the body to be delivered.
- Matthew 27:59And when Joseph had taken the body, he wrapped it in a clean linen cloth,
- Mark 5:29And straightway the fountain of her blood was dried up; and she felt in her body that she was healed of that plague.
- Mark 14:8She hath done what she could: she is come aforehand to anoint my body to the burying.
- Mark 14:22And as they did eat, Jesus took bread, and blessed, and brake it, and gave to them, and said, Take, eat: this is my body.
- Mark 15:43Joseph of Arimathea, an honourable counsellor, which also waited for the kingdom of God, came, and went in boldly unto Pilate, and craved the body of Jesus.
- Mark 15:45And when he knew it of the centurion, he gave the body to Joseph.
- Luke 11:34The light of the body is the eye: therefore when thine eye is single, thy whole body also is full of light; but when thine eye is evil, thy body also is full of darkness.
- Luke 11:36If thy whole body therefore be full of light, having no part dark, the whole shall be full of light, as when the bright shining of a candle doth give thee light.
- Luke 12:4And I say unto you my friends, Be not afraid of them that kill the body, and after that have no more that they can do.
Occurrences by book
Related words
Detailed Greek dictionary
σῶμα, ατος, τό
[Refs 4th c.AD+ ((4th c.AD(?): Arcadius Grammaticus)] dative plural σωμάτεσι [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (“IG” 5(2).357.156 (Stymphalus, 3rd c.BC)))], body of man or beast, but in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, as 3rd-2nd c.BC: Aristarchus Grammaticus remarks (see. 2nd c.AD: Apollonius Biographus “Lex.”))], always dead body, corpse (whereas the living body is δέμας), ὥς τε λέων ἐχάρη μεγάλῳ ἐπὶ σώματι κύρσας [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 3.23, compare 18.161)]; ς. δὲ οἴκαδ᾽ ἐμὸν δόμεναι πάλιν [Refs 8th c.BC+ (7.79; σ. κατελείπομεν ἄθαπτον 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 11.53; ὦν.. σώματ᾽ ἀκηδέα κεῖται 24.187)]; so also in [NT+8th c.BC+ (8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Scutum Herculis” 426, 4th-5th c.BC: Simonides Lyricus 119, 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 9.34, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.167, 2nd-1st c.BC: Posidonius Historicus 14 1st c.AD: Josephus Historicus, NT.Mark.15.43, etc.; τὸ σ. τοῦ τεθνεῶτος 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 469d, compare “Grg.” 524c, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 43.65; σ. νεκρόν “POxy.” 51.7 (2nd c.AD))]; νεκρὸν σ. [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 18(2).93, compare νεκρός 11.1)]; μέγιστον σ... σποδου, ={σ. μέγιστον ὃ νῦν σποδός ἐστι}, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 758; also later, Wilcken “Chr.” 499 (2nd-3rd c.AD).)]
2 the living body, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 540, Batrachomyomachia 44, 6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 650, 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 6.56, “P.” 8.82, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.139, etc.; δόμοι καὶ σώματα 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 896 (Lyric poetry))]; γενναῖος τῷ σ. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 51)]; εὔρωστος τὸ σ. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 6.1.6)]; τὸ σ. σῴζειν or -εσθαι save one's life, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 22.55, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.136)]; διασῴζειν or -εσθαι[Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 6.46, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 5.5.13; περὶ πολλῶν σ. καὶ χρημάτων βουλεύειν 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.85)]; περὶ τοῦ σ. ἀγωνίζεσθαι for one's life, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 5.1)]; ἔχειν τὸ σ. κακῶς, ὡς βέλτιστα, etc., to be in a bad, a good state of bodily health, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 3.12.1, 3.12.5.)]
3 body, opposed to spirit (εἴδωλον), [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “Fragmenta.” 131)]; opposed to soul (ψυχή), [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 493a, “Phd.” 91d)]; τὰ τοῦ σ. ἔργα bodily labours, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 2.8.2)]; αἱ τοῦ σ. ἡδοναί, αἱ κατὰ τὸ σ. ἡδ.,[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 1.5.6, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 328d)]; τὰ εἰς τὸ σ. τιμήματα bodily punishments, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 2.139; τὰ εἰς τὸ σ. ἀδικήματα “PHal.” 1.193 (3rd c.BC).)]
4 animal body, opposed to plants, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 564a (_plural_))]; but of plants, [NT (NT.1Cor.15.38.)]
5 civic rights (like Latin caput), [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 23.12)]; ἄτιμοι τὰ σ. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 1.74)]; μέρος ἠτιμῶσθαι τοῦ σ. [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 51.12.)]
6 in “NT”, of the sacramental body of Christ, τοῦτό ἐστι τὸ σ. μου [NT (NT.Matt.26.26, cf. NT.1Cor.10.16.)]
6.b of the body of Christ's church, οἱ πολλοὶ ἓν σ. ἐσμεν ἐν Χριστῷ [NT (NT.Rom.12.5)]; ἡ ἐκκλησία ἥτις ἐστὶ τὸ σ. [τοῦ Χριστοῦ] [NT (NT.Eph.1.23.)]
II periphrastic, ἀνθρώπου σ. ἓν οὐδέν, ={ἄνθρωπος οὐδὲ εἷς}, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.32)]; especially in Trag., σῶμα θηρός, ={θήρ}, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 1568 (Lyric poetry))]; τεκέων σώματα, ={τέκνα}, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Troades” 201 (Lyric poetry))]; τὸ σὸν σ., ={σύ}, [Refs ([prev. author] “Hec.” 301)]; rarely in singular of many persons, σῶμα τέκνων [Refs ([prev. author] “Med.” 1108 (_anapaest meter_).)]
II.2 a person, human being, τὰ πολλὰ σ., ={οἱ πολλοί}, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 676)]; λευκὰ γήρᾳ σ. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hercules Furens” 909 (Lyric poetry); σ. ἄδικα [prev. author] “Supp.” 223, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 908a, “PSI” 4.359.9 366.7 (3rd c.BC), etc.)]; ἑκάστου τοῦ σώματος, [Refs (“IG” 12.22.14; κατὰ σῶμα)]per person, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (PRev.Laws 50.9 (3rd c.BC))]; καταστήσαντες τὸ σ. ἀφείσθωσαν τῆς ἐγγύης [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (“PMich.Zen.” 70.12 (3rd c.BC))]; ἐργαζομένη αὑτῇ τῷ ἰδίῳ σ. working for herself, earning her own living, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (“PEnteux.” 26.7 (3rd c.BC))]; τὰ φίλτατα σ., of children, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 3.78)]; frequently of slaves, αἰχμάλωτα σ. [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 20.77, “IG” 12(7).386.25 (Amorgos, 3rd c.BC), “SIG” 588.64 (Milet., 2nd c.BC), etc.)]; οἰκετικὰ σ. Legal cited in [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 1.16, compare “SIG” 633.88 (Milet., 2nd c.BC))]; δοῦλα [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD(?): Pollianus Epigrammaticus 3.78)]; ἐλεύθερα σ. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 2.1.19, 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 2.6.6, etc.)]; later, σῶμα is used absolutely for a slave, [NT+3rd c.BC+ (PHib. 1.54.20 (3rd c.BC), 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 12.16.5, NT.Rev.18.13, etc.; σ. γυναικεῖον, ᾇ ὄνομα.. “GDI” 2154.6 (Delph., 2nd c.BC))]; a usage censured by Poll. [prev. cited] and [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Phrynichus Atticista 355)]; also of troops, τὴν τῶν σ. σύνταξιν [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aeneas Tacticus 1.1; μηχανήμασιν ἢ σώμασιν ἐναντιοῦσθαι ὧδε [prev. author] 32.1.)]
III generally, a body, i.e. any corporeal substance, δεῖ αὐτὸ (i.e. τὸ ὄν) σ. μὴ ἔχειν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Melissus Philosophus 9; ἢ μέγεθός ἐστιν ἢ σ. ἐστιν 5th c.BC: Gorgias Rhetor et Sophista 3)]; σ. ἄψυχον, ἔμψυχον, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 245e, compare “Plt.” 288e, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Physica” 265b29, +others; ὁ λίθος σ. ἐστι 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Vit.Auct.” 25; φασὶν οἱ μὲν σ. εἶναι τὸν χρόνον, οἱ δὲ ἀσώματον 2nd c.AD: Sextus Empiricus Philosophus “adversus Mathematicos” 10.215)]; κυκλικὸν σ., of one of the spheres, [Refs 4th c.AD+ (4th c.AD: Julianus Imperator “Orationes” 5.162b, +others)]; τὸ πέμπτον σ. the fifth element, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Philolaus Philosophus 12, “Placita Philosophorum” 1.3.22, 4th c.AD: Julianus Imperator “Orationes” 4.132c)]; metallic substance, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (6th c.AD: Olympiodorus Philosophus Alch.p.71 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus)]
III.2 in Mathematics texts, figure of three dimensions, solid, opposed to a surface, etc., [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Topica” 142b24, “Metaphorical” 1020a14, +others)]
IV the body or whole of a thing, especially of complete parts of the body, τὸ σ. τῶν νεφρῶν [Refs ([prev. author] “HA” 497a9; τὰ σ. τῶν αἰσθητηρίων [prev. author] “GA” 744b24)]; τὸ σ. τῆς γαστρός, τῆς κοιλίας, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 15.667,806; σ. παιδοποιόν 2nd-3rd c.AD: Aelianus “De Natura Animalium - Ar.Byzantine Epit.” 17.42)]: generally, the whole body or frame of a thing, ὑπὸ σώματι γᾶς [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 947 (Lyric poetry))]; τὸ σ. τοῦ παντός, τοῦ κόσμου, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Timaeus” 31b. 32c)]; ὕδωρ, ποταμοῦ σ. [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Chaeremon Tragicus 17)]; τὸ σ. τῆς πίστεως the body of the proof, i.e. arguments, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Rhetorica” 1354a15; τῆς λέξεως 3rd c.AD: Longinus Rhetor “Ars Rhetorica” p.188)] H.; of a body of writings, [Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Cicero, M. Tullius Orator et Philosophus “Epistulae ad Atticum” 2.1.4)]; text of a document, opposed to ὑπογραφή, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (“BGU” 187.12 (2nd c.AD),compare “PFay.” 34.20 (2nd c.AD))]; of a will, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (“POxy.” 494.30 (2nd c.AD).)]
IV.2 ξύλα σώματα logs, opposed to κλάδοι, [Refs 3rd c.AD+ (“POxy.” 1738.3 (3rd c.AD))]; σ. μέγα περσέας [Refs 3rd c.AD+ (“CPHerm.” 7 ii 27, compare iii 8 (3rd c.AD).)]
[Refs 4th c.AD+ ((4th c.AD(?): Arcadius Grammaticus)] dative plural σωμάτεσι [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (“IG” 5(2).357.156 (Stymphalus, 3rd c.BC)))], body of man or beast, but in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, as 3rd-2nd c.BC: Aristarchus Grammaticus remarks (see. 2nd c.AD: Apollonius Biographus “Lex.”))], always dead body, corpse (whereas the living body is δέμας), ὥς τε λέων ἐχάρη μεγάλῳ ἐπὶ σώματι κύρσας [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 3.23, compare 18.161)]; ς. δὲ οἴκαδ᾽ ἐμὸν δόμεναι πάλιν [Refs 8th c.BC+ (7.79; σ. κατελείπομεν ἄθαπτον 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 11.53; ὦν.. σώματ᾽ ἀκηδέα κεῖται 24.187)]; so also in [NT+8th c.BC+ (8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Scutum Herculis” 426, 4th-5th c.BC: Simonides Lyricus 119, 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 9.34, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.167, 2nd-1st c.BC: Posidonius Historicus 14 1st c.AD: Josephus Historicus, NT.Mark.15.43, etc.; τὸ σ. τοῦ τεθνεῶτος 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 469d, compare “Grg.” 524c, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 43.65; σ. νεκρόν “POxy.” 51.7 (2nd c.AD))]; νεκρὸν σ. [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 18(2).93, compare νεκρός 11.1)]; μέγιστον σ... σποδου, ={σ. μέγιστον ὃ νῦν σποδός ἐστι}, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 758; also later, Wilcken “Chr.” 499 (2nd-3rd c.AD).)]
2 the living body, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 540, Batrachomyomachia 44, 6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 650, 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 6.56, “P.” 8.82, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.139, etc.; δόμοι καὶ σώματα 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 896 (Lyric poetry))]; γενναῖος τῷ σ. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 51)]; εὔρωστος τὸ σ. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 6.1.6)]; τὸ σ. σῴζειν or -εσθαι save one's life, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 22.55, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.136)]; διασῴζειν or -εσθαι[Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 6.46, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 5.5.13; περὶ πολλῶν σ. καὶ χρημάτων βουλεύειν 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.85)]; περὶ τοῦ σ. ἀγωνίζεσθαι for one's life, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 5.1)]; ἔχειν τὸ σ. κακῶς, ὡς βέλτιστα, etc., to be in a bad, a good state of bodily health, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 3.12.1, 3.12.5.)]
3 body, opposed to spirit (εἴδωλον), [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “Fragmenta.” 131)]; opposed to soul (ψυχή), [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 493a, “Phd.” 91d)]; τὰ τοῦ σ. ἔργα bodily labours, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 2.8.2)]; αἱ τοῦ σ. ἡδοναί, αἱ κατὰ τὸ σ. ἡδ.,[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 1.5.6, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 328d)]; τὰ εἰς τὸ σ. τιμήματα bodily punishments, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 2.139; τὰ εἰς τὸ σ. ἀδικήματα “PHal.” 1.193 (3rd c.BC).)]
4 animal body, opposed to plants, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 564a (_plural_))]; but of plants, [NT (NT.1Cor.15.38.)]
5 civic rights (like Latin caput), [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 23.12)]; ἄτιμοι τὰ σ. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 1.74)]; μέρος ἠτιμῶσθαι τοῦ σ. [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 51.12.)]
6 in “NT”, of the sacramental body of Christ, τοῦτό ἐστι τὸ σ. μου [NT (NT.Matt.26.26, cf. NT.1Cor.10.16.)]
6.b of the body of Christ's church, οἱ πολλοὶ ἓν σ. ἐσμεν ἐν Χριστῷ [NT (NT.Rom.12.5)]; ἡ ἐκκλησία ἥτις ἐστὶ τὸ σ. [τοῦ Χριστοῦ] [NT (NT.Eph.1.23.)]
II periphrastic, ἀνθρώπου σ. ἓν οὐδέν, ={ἄνθρωπος οὐδὲ εἷς}, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.32)]; especially in Trag., σῶμα θηρός, ={θήρ}, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 1568 (Lyric poetry))]; τεκέων σώματα, ={τέκνα}, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Troades” 201 (Lyric poetry))]; τὸ σὸν σ., ={σύ}, [Refs ([prev. author] “Hec.” 301)]; rarely in singular of many persons, σῶμα τέκνων [Refs ([prev. author] “Med.” 1108 (_anapaest meter_).)]
II.2 a person, human being, τὰ πολλὰ σ., ={οἱ πολλοί}, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 676)]; λευκὰ γήρᾳ σ. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hercules Furens” 909 (Lyric poetry); σ. ἄδικα [prev. author] “Supp.” 223, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 908a, “PSI” 4.359.9 366.7 (3rd c.BC), etc.)]; ἑκάστου τοῦ σώματος, [Refs (“IG” 12.22.14; κατὰ σῶμα)]per person, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (PRev.Laws 50.9 (3rd c.BC))]; καταστήσαντες τὸ σ. ἀφείσθωσαν τῆς ἐγγύης [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (“PMich.Zen.” 70.12 (3rd c.BC))]; ἐργαζομένη αὑτῇ τῷ ἰδίῳ σ. working for herself, earning her own living, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (“PEnteux.” 26.7 (3rd c.BC))]; τὰ φίλτατα σ., of children, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 3.78)]; frequently of slaves, αἰχμάλωτα σ. [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 20.77, “IG” 12(7).386.25 (Amorgos, 3rd c.BC), “SIG” 588.64 (Milet., 2nd c.BC), etc.)]; οἰκετικὰ σ. Legal cited in [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 1.16, compare “SIG” 633.88 (Milet., 2nd c.BC))]; δοῦλα [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD(?): Pollianus Epigrammaticus 3.78)]; ἐλεύθερα σ. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 2.1.19, 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 2.6.6, etc.)]; later, σῶμα is used absolutely for a slave, [NT+3rd c.BC+ (PHib. 1.54.20 (3rd c.BC), 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 12.16.5, NT.Rev.18.13, etc.; σ. γυναικεῖον, ᾇ ὄνομα.. “GDI” 2154.6 (Delph., 2nd c.BC))]; a usage censured by Poll. [prev. cited] and [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Phrynichus Atticista 355)]; also of troops, τὴν τῶν σ. σύνταξιν [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aeneas Tacticus 1.1; μηχανήμασιν ἢ σώμασιν ἐναντιοῦσθαι ὧδε [prev. author] 32.1.)]
III generally, a body, i.e. any corporeal substance, δεῖ αὐτὸ (i.e. τὸ ὄν) σ. μὴ ἔχειν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Melissus Philosophus 9; ἢ μέγεθός ἐστιν ἢ σ. ἐστιν 5th c.BC: Gorgias Rhetor et Sophista 3)]; σ. ἄψυχον, ἔμψυχον, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 245e, compare “Plt.” 288e, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Physica” 265b29, +others; ὁ λίθος σ. ἐστι 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Vit.Auct.” 25; φασὶν οἱ μὲν σ. εἶναι τὸν χρόνον, οἱ δὲ ἀσώματον 2nd c.AD: Sextus Empiricus Philosophus “adversus Mathematicos” 10.215)]; κυκλικὸν σ., of one of the spheres, [Refs 4th c.AD+ (4th c.AD: Julianus Imperator “Orationes” 5.162b, +others)]; τὸ πέμπτον σ. the fifth element, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Philolaus Philosophus 12, “Placita Philosophorum” 1.3.22, 4th c.AD: Julianus Imperator “Orationes” 4.132c)]; metallic substance, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (6th c.AD: Olympiodorus Philosophus Alch.p.71 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus)]
III.2 in Mathematics texts, figure of three dimensions, solid, opposed to a surface, etc., [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Topica” 142b24, “Metaphorical” 1020a14, +others)]
IV the body or whole of a thing, especially of complete parts of the body, τὸ σ. τῶν νεφρῶν [Refs ([prev. author] “HA” 497a9; τὰ σ. τῶν αἰσθητηρίων [prev. author] “GA” 744b24)]; τὸ σ. τῆς γαστρός, τῆς κοιλίας, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 15.667,806; σ. παιδοποιόν 2nd-3rd c.AD: Aelianus “De Natura Animalium - Ar.Byzantine Epit.” 17.42)]: generally, the whole body or frame of a thing, ὑπὸ σώματι γᾶς [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 947 (Lyric poetry))]; τὸ σ. τοῦ παντός, τοῦ κόσμου, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Timaeus” 31b. 32c)]; ὕδωρ, ποταμοῦ σ. [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Chaeremon Tragicus 17)]; τὸ σ. τῆς πίστεως the body of the proof, i.e. arguments, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Rhetorica” 1354a15; τῆς λέξεως 3rd c.AD: Longinus Rhetor “Ars Rhetorica” p.188)] H.; of a body of writings, [Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Cicero, M. Tullius Orator et Philosophus “Epistulae ad Atticum” 2.1.4)]; text of a document, opposed to ὑπογραφή, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (“BGU” 187.12 (2nd c.AD),compare “PFay.” 34.20 (2nd c.AD))]; of a will, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (“POxy.” 494.30 (2nd c.AD).)]
IV.2 ξύλα σώματα logs, opposed to κλάδοι, [Refs 3rd c.AD+ (“POxy.” 1738.3 (3rd c.AD))]; σ. μέγα περσέας [Refs 3rd c.AD+ (“CPHerm.” 7 ii 27, compare iii 8 (3rd c.AD).)]