Strong G2889κόσμος
world
- Transliteration
- kosmos
- Pronunciation
- kos'-mos
- Morphology
- Greek Noun (Masculine)
Definition
Probably from the base of G2865; orderly arrangement that is decoration; by implication the world (in a wide or narrow sense including its inhabitants literally or figuratively [morally]): - adorning world.
Detailed definition
κόσμος, -ου, ὁ
[in LXX: Gen.2:1, Deu.4:19 17:3, Isa.24:21 40:26 (צבא), Exo.33:5, 6 Jer.2:32 4:30, Eze.7:20 16:11 23:40 (עֲדִי), Isa.61:10 (כְּלִי), al., Wis.2:24 and freq., Sir.6:30, al;]
1. order (Hom., Plat., al.).
2. ornament, adornment, esp. of women (Hom., al.): 1Pe.3:3.
3. Later, the world or universe, as an ordered system (Plat., al.): Act.17:24, Rom.4:13, 1Co.3:22, Php.2:15, Heb.4:3, al.
4. In late writers only, the world, i.e. the earth (= ἡ οἰκουμένη, cf. Mat.4:8 with Luk.4:5): Mat.4:8, Mrk.16:[15], Col.2:20, 1Ti.6:7, al.; hence by meton.,
__(a) of the human inhabitants of the world: Mat.5:14 15:38, Mrk.14:9, Jhn.1:10 4:42 12:47, Rom.3:6, 1Co.4:13, 2Co.5:19, 2Pe.2:5, al.;
__(b) of worldly affairs or possessions: Mat.16:26, Mrk.8:36, Luk.9:25, 1Co.7:31, 1Jn.2:16, al.;
__(with) in ethical sense, of the ungodly: Jhn.7:7 14:17, 27 1Co.1:21, Jas.1:27, 1Jn.4:4, al.;
__(d) metaphorically: ὁ κ. τῆς ἀδικίας, Jas.3:6.
SYN.: αἰών, which see (cf. also Dalman, Words, 162ff.; Tr., Syn., §lix; Westc., additional note on Jhn.1:10; DB, iv, 938ff.). (AS)
[in LXX: Gen.2:1, Deu.4:19 17:3, Isa.24:21 40:26 (צבא), Exo.33:5, 6 Jer.2:32 4:30, Eze.7:20 16:11 23:40 (עֲדִי), Isa.61:10 (כְּלִי), al., Wis.2:24 and freq., Sir.6:30, al;]
1. order (Hom., Plat., al.).
2. ornament, adornment, esp. of women (Hom., al.): 1Pe.3:3.
3. Later, the world or universe, as an ordered system (Plat., al.): Act.17:24, Rom.4:13, 1Co.3:22, Php.2:15, Heb.4:3, al.
4. In late writers only, the world, i.e. the earth (= ἡ οἰκουμένη, cf. Mat.4:8 with Luk.4:5): Mat.4:8, Mrk.16:[15], Col.2:20, 1Ti.6:7, al.; hence by meton.,
__(a) of the human inhabitants of the world: Mat.5:14 15:38, Mrk.14:9, Jhn.1:10 4:42 12:47, Rom.3:6, 1Co.4:13, 2Co.5:19, 2Pe.2:5, al.;
__(b) of worldly affairs or possessions: Mat.16:26, Mrk.8:36, Luk.9:25, 1Co.7:31, 1Jn.2:16, al.;
__(with) in ethical sense, of the ungodly: Jhn.7:7 14:17, 27 1Co.1:21, Jas.1:27, 1Jn.4:4, al.;
__(d) metaphorically: ὁ κ. τῆς ἀδικίας, Jas.3:6.
SYN.: αἰών, which see (cf. also Dalman, Words, 162ff.; Tr., Syn., §lix; Westc., additional note on Jhn.1:10; DB, iv, 938ff.). (AS)
In the Bible
Strong G2889 appears in 152 verses of the KJV.
Translated in the KJV by
- world151
- the5
- of2
- adorn1
First verses
- Matthew 4:8Again, the devil taketh him up into an exceeding high mountain, and sheweth him all the kingdoms of the world, and the glory of them;
- Matthew 5:14Ye are the light of the world. A city that is set on an hill cannot be hid.
- Matthew 13:35That it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the prophet, saying, I will open my mouth in parables; I will utter things which have been kept secret from the foundation of the world.
- Matthew 13:38The field is the world; the good seed are the children of the kingdom; but the tares are the children of the wicked one;
- Matthew 16:26For what is a man profited, if he shall gain the whole world, and lose his own soul? or what shall a man give in exchange for his soul?
- Matthew 18:7Woe unto the world because of offences! for it must needs be that offences come; but woe to that man by whom the offence cometh!
- Matthew 24:21For then shall be great tribulation, such as was not since the beginning of the world to this time, no, nor ever shall be.
- Matthew 25:34Then shall the King say unto them on his right hand, Come, ye blessed of my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world:
- Matthew 26:13Verily I say unto you, Wheresoever this gospel shall be preached in the whole world, there shall also this, that this woman hath done, be told for a memorial of her.
- Mark 8:36For what shall it profit a man, if he shall gain the whole world, and lose his own soul?
- Mark 14:9Verily I say unto you, Wheresoever this gospel shall be preached throughout the whole world, this also that she hath done shall be spoken of for a memorial of her.
- Mark 16:15And he said unto them, Go ye into all the world, and preach the gospel to every creature.
- Luke 9:25For what is a man advantaged, if he gain the whole world, and lose himself, or be cast away?
- Luke 11:50That the blood of all the prophets, which was shed from the foundation of the world, may be required of this generation;
- Luke 12:30For all these things do the nations of the world seek after: and your Father knoweth that ye have need of these things.
- John 1:9That was the true Light, which lighteth every man that cometh into the world.
- John 1:10He was in the world, and the world was made by him, and the world knew him not.
- John 1:29The next day John seeth Jesus coming unto him, and saith, Behold the Lamb of God, which taketh away the sin of the world.
- John 3:16For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life.
- John 3:17For God sent not his Son into the world to condemn the world; but that the world through him might be saved.
Occurrences by book
Related words
Detailed Greek dictionary
κόσμος, ὁ,
order, κατὰ κόσμον in order, duly, εὖ κατὰ κ. [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.472, +others)]; οὐ κατὰ κ. shamefully, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.179; μὰψ ἀτὰρ οὐ κατὰ κ. 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.214: frequently in _dative_, κόσμῳ καθίζειν)] to sit in order, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 13.77, compare 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.67; οὐ κ... ἐλευσόμεθα 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 12.225; κ. θεῖναι τὰ πάντα 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.52, compare 7.36, etc.; διάθες τάδε κ. 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Aves” 1331)]; κ. φέρειν bear becomingly, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 3.82; δέξασθαί τινα κ. 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 521; σὺν κόσμῳ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.86, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “de Mundo” 398b23; ἐν κόσμῳ 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “γυναικεῖα” fragment 378, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Smp.” 223b)]; κόσμῳ οὐδενὶ κοσμηθέντες in no sort of order, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.59)]; φεύγειν, ἀπιέναι οὐδενὶ κ., [Refs ([prev. author] 3.13, 8.60.γ)], etc.; ἀτάκτως καὶ οὐδενὶ κ. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.108, compare 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 400)]; οὐκέτι τὸν αὐτὸν κ. no longer in the same order, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.66; οὐδένα κ. [prev. work] 65, 69; ἦν δ᾽ οὐδεὶς κ. τῶν ποιουμένων 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.77)]: generally, of things, natural order, γίνεται τῶν τεταρταίων ἡ κατάστασις ἐκ τούτου τοῦ κ. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “προγνωστικόν” 20.)]
2 good order, good behaviour [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 901)]; κ. χείρ, of a beggar, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (“Anthologia Graeca” 12.212 (2nd c.AD: Strato Epigrammaticus); κ. ἱστίον 2nd c.AD(?): Pollianus Epigrammaticus 1.107)]; κοῖλος μήν short month, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Geminus Astronomicus 8.3, compare κοιλοποιέομαι, κοῖλος 11.3: _comparative_ 492 ότερος ὁλμοῦ 4th-5th c.BC: Parmenides Poeta Philosophus 8.52)]; ἐξηγεομένων.. τὸν κ. αὐτοῦ the fashion of it, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.22)]; κ. τόνδε.. ὁ καταστησάμενος who established this order or from, [Refs ([prev. author] 1.99.)]
4 of states, order, government, μεταστῆσαι τὸν κ. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.76, compare 8.48, 67; μένειν ἐν τῷ ὀλιγαρχικῷ κ. 8.72, etc.)]; especially of the Spartan constitution, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.65, 4th-3rd c.BC: Clearchus Historicus 3: _plural_, πόλεων κόσμοι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 322c.)]
II ornament, decoration, especially of women, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 14.187, 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 76, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.92. ; γυναικεῖος κ. 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 373c, etc.)]; of a horse, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.145)]; of men, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.123, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 397, etc.)]; γλαυκόχροα κόσμον ἐλαίας, of an olive-wreath, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 3.13, compare 8.83, “P.” 2.10, etc.; κ. κυνῶν 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Cynegeticus” 6.1; κ. καὶ ἔπιπλα 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 12.19)]; κ. ἀργυροῦς a service of plate, [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (2nd c.AD: Athenaeus Epigrammaticus 6.231b; ἱερὸς κ. “OGI” 90.40 (Rosetta, 2nd c.BC))]: plural, ornaments, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 1271; οἱ περὶ τὸ σῶμα κ. 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 2.32)]: metaphorically, of ornaments of speech, such as epithets, [Refs 4th c.BC+ ([prev. author] 9.9 (_plural_), 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Rhetorica” 1408a14, “Po.” 1457b2, 1458a33)]; ἁδυμελῆ κ. κελαδεῖν to sing sweet songs of praise, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 11 (10). b2.595, 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 1.60.6.)]
II.4 κ. νοσήματα internal complaints, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd-3rd c.AD: Philostratus Sophista “Vita Apollonii” 3.44. ει τινί)] it does one credit, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.60, 142; γύναι, γυναιξὶ κόσμον ἡ σιγὴ φέρει 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 293; κ. τοῦτ᾽ ἐστὶν ἐμοί 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 914; οἷς κόσμος [ἐστὶ] καλῶς τοῦτο δρᾶν 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.5; ἐν κόσμῳ καὶ τιμῇ εἶναί τινι 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 60.36)]; of persons, σὺ ἔμοιγε μέγιστος κ. ἔσει [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 6.4.3; ἡ μεγαλοψυχία οἷον κ. τις τῶν ἀρετῶν 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Ethica Nicomachea” 1124a1.)]
III ruler, regulator, title of chief magistrate in Crete, [Refs (“SIG” 712.57, etc.)]; collectively, body of κόσμοι, [Refs ([prev. work]524.1)]; τοῦ κ. τοῖς πλίασι [Refs 4th c.BC+ ([prev. work]527.74: also frequently in _plural_, [prev. work]528.1, +others, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1272a6, 1st c.BC-1st c.AD: Strabo Geographus 10.4.18, 22)]; compare κόρμος.
IV Philos., world-order, universe, first in [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Pythagoras Philosophus, _accusative_ to “Placita Philosophorum” 2.1.1, 3rd c.AD(?): Diogenes Laertius 8.48 (compare [5th-6th c.BC: Philolaus Philosophus] 21), or 4th-5th c.BC: Parmenides Poeta Philosophus, _accusative_ to 4th-3rd c.BC: Theophrastus Philosophus cited in D.L.[same place]; κόσμον τόνδε οὔτε τις θεῶν οὔτε ἀνθρώπων ἐποίησεν, ἀλλ᾽ ἦν ἀεὶ καὶ ἔστιν καὶ ἔσται πῦρ 1st c.AD(?): Heraclitus 30; ὁ καλούμενος ὑπὸ τῶν σοφιστῶν κ. 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 1.1.11: frequently in 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus, “Grg.” 508a, “Ti.” 27a, +others; ἡ τοῦ ὅλου σύστασίς ἐστι κ. καὶ οὐρανός 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “de Caelo” 280a21, compare 4th-3rd c.BC: Epicurus Philosophus “Epistulae” 2p.37U., 3rd c.BC: Chrysippus Stoicus 2.168, etc.; ὁ κ. ζῷον ἔμψυχον καὶ λογικόν 2nd-1st c.BC: Posidonius Historicus cited in 3rd c.AD(?): Diogenes Laertius 7.139, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Timaeus” 30b)]: sometimes of the firmament, γῆς ἁπάσης τῆς ὑπὸ τῷ κόσμῳ κειμένης [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 4.179; ὁ περὶ τὴν γῆν ὅλος κ. 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Meteorologica” 339a20)]; μετελθεῖν εἰς τὸν ἀέναον κ., of death, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (“OGI” 56.48 (Canopus, 3rd c.BC))]; but also, of earth, as opposed to heaven, ὁ ἐπιχθόνιος κ. [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd-3rd c.AD: Hermes Trismegistus cited in 5th c.AD: Stobaeus, Joannes 1.49.44; or as opposed to the underworld, ὁ ἄνω κ. 4th c.AD: Iamblichus Philosophus “de vita Pythagorica” 27.123)]; of any region of the universe, ὁ μετάρσιος κ. [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd-3rd c.AD: Hermes Trismegistus cited in 5th c.AD: Stobaeus, Joannes 1.49.44)]; of the sphere whose centre is the earth's centre and radius the straight line joining earth and sun, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Archimedes Geometra “ψαμμίτης” 4)]; of the sphere containing the fixed stars, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Epinomis” 987b)]: in plural, worlds, coexistent or successive, [Refs 6th c.BC+ (6th c.BC: Anaximander Philosophus et alii cited in “Placita Philosophorum” 2.1.3, cf. Epicur.[same place])]; also, of stars, Νὺξ μεγάλων κ. κτεάτειρα [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 356 (_anapaest meter_), cf. Heraclid.et Pythagorei cited in “Placita Philosophorum” 2.13.15 (= 5th-6th c.AD: Orphica “Fragmenta” 22))]; οἱ ἑπτὰ κ. the Seven planets, [Refs (Corp.Herm. 11.7.)]
IV.2 metaphorically, microcosm, ἄνθρωπος μικρὸς κ. [Refs 1st c.AD+ (3rd c.AD: Democritus Epigrammaticus 34; ἄνθρωπος βραχὺς κ. 1st c.AD: Philo Judaeus 2.155)]; of living beings in general, τὸ ζῷον οἷον μικρόν τινα κ. εἶναί φασιν ἄνδρες παλαιοί [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus “de Usu Partium” 3.10.)]
IV.3 in later Gr., ={οἰκουμένη}, the known or inhabited world, [NT+1st c.BC+ (“OGI” 458.40 (1st c.BC), NT.Rom.1.8, etc.)]; ὁ τοῦ παντὸς κ. κύριος, of Nero, [Refs (“SIG” 814.31, compare “IGRom.” 4.982 (from Samos))]; ἐὰν τὸν κ. ὅλον κερδήσῃ [NT (NT.Matt.16.26.)]
IV.4 men in general, φανέρωσον σεαυτὸν τῷ κ. [NT (NT.John.7.4, compare 12.19)]; especially of the world as estranged from God by sin, [NT ([prev. work] 16.20, 17.9, +others, NT.1Cor.1.21, etc.)]
IV.5 οὗτος ὁ κ. this present world, i.e. earth, opposed to heaven, [NT (NT.John.13.1; regarded as the kingdom of evil, ὁ ἄρχων τοῦ κ. τούτου [prev. work] 12.31.)]
V Pythag.name for six, [Refs (Theol.Ar. 37)]; for ten, [Refs ([prev. work]59.)]
order, κατὰ κόσμον in order, duly, εὖ κατὰ κ. [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.472, +others)]; οὐ κατὰ κ. shamefully, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.179; μὰψ ἀτὰρ οὐ κατὰ κ. 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.214: frequently in _dative_, κόσμῳ καθίζειν)] to sit in order, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 13.77, compare 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.67; οὐ κ... ἐλευσόμεθα 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 12.225; κ. θεῖναι τὰ πάντα 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.52, compare 7.36, etc.; διάθες τάδε κ. 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Aves” 1331)]; κ. φέρειν bear becomingly, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 3.82; δέξασθαί τινα κ. 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 521; σὺν κόσμῳ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.86, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “de Mundo” 398b23; ἐν κόσμῳ 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “γυναικεῖα” fragment 378, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Smp.” 223b)]; κόσμῳ οὐδενὶ κοσμηθέντες in no sort of order, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.59)]; φεύγειν, ἀπιέναι οὐδενὶ κ., [Refs ([prev. author] 3.13, 8.60.γ)], etc.; ἀτάκτως καὶ οὐδενὶ κ. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.108, compare 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 400)]; οὐκέτι τὸν αὐτὸν κ. no longer in the same order, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.66; οὐδένα κ. [prev. work] 65, 69; ἦν δ᾽ οὐδεὶς κ. τῶν ποιουμένων 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.77)]: generally, of things, natural order, γίνεται τῶν τεταρταίων ἡ κατάστασις ἐκ τούτου τοῦ κ. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “προγνωστικόν” 20.)]
2 good order, good behaviour [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 901)]; κ. χείρ, of a beggar, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (“Anthologia Graeca” 12.212 (2nd c.AD: Strato Epigrammaticus); κ. ἱστίον 2nd c.AD(?): Pollianus Epigrammaticus 1.107)]; κοῖλος μήν short month, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Geminus Astronomicus 8.3, compare κοιλοποιέομαι, κοῖλος 11.3: _comparative_ 492 ότερος ὁλμοῦ 4th-5th c.BC: Parmenides Poeta Philosophus 8.52)]; ἐξηγεομένων.. τὸν κ. αὐτοῦ the fashion of it, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.22)]; κ. τόνδε.. ὁ καταστησάμενος who established this order or from, [Refs ([prev. author] 1.99.)]
4 of states, order, government, μεταστῆσαι τὸν κ. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.76, compare 8.48, 67; μένειν ἐν τῷ ὀλιγαρχικῷ κ. 8.72, etc.)]; especially of the Spartan constitution, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.65, 4th-3rd c.BC: Clearchus Historicus 3: _plural_, πόλεων κόσμοι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 322c.)]
II ornament, decoration, especially of women, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 14.187, 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 76, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.92. ; γυναικεῖος κ. 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 373c, etc.)]; of a horse, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.145)]; of men, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.123, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 397, etc.)]; γλαυκόχροα κόσμον ἐλαίας, of an olive-wreath, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 3.13, compare 8.83, “P.” 2.10, etc.; κ. κυνῶν 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Cynegeticus” 6.1; κ. καὶ ἔπιπλα 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 12.19)]; κ. ἀργυροῦς a service of plate, [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (2nd c.AD: Athenaeus Epigrammaticus 6.231b; ἱερὸς κ. “OGI” 90.40 (Rosetta, 2nd c.BC))]: plural, ornaments, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 1271; οἱ περὶ τὸ σῶμα κ. 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 2.32)]: metaphorically, of ornaments of speech, such as epithets, [Refs 4th c.BC+ ([prev. author] 9.9 (_plural_), 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Rhetorica” 1408a14, “Po.” 1457b2, 1458a33)]; ἁδυμελῆ κ. κελαδεῖν to sing sweet songs of praise, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 11 (10). b2.595, 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 1.60.6.)]
II.4 κ. νοσήματα internal complaints, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd-3rd c.AD: Philostratus Sophista “Vita Apollonii” 3.44. ει τινί)] it does one credit, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.60, 142; γύναι, γυναιξὶ κόσμον ἡ σιγὴ φέρει 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 293; κ. τοῦτ᾽ ἐστὶν ἐμοί 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 914; οἷς κόσμος [ἐστὶ] καλῶς τοῦτο δρᾶν 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.5; ἐν κόσμῳ καὶ τιμῇ εἶναί τινι 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 60.36)]; of persons, σὺ ἔμοιγε μέγιστος κ. ἔσει [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 6.4.3; ἡ μεγαλοψυχία οἷον κ. τις τῶν ἀρετῶν 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Ethica Nicomachea” 1124a1.)]
III ruler, regulator, title of chief magistrate in Crete, [Refs (“SIG” 712.57, etc.)]; collectively, body of κόσμοι, [Refs ([prev. work]524.1)]; τοῦ κ. τοῖς πλίασι [Refs 4th c.BC+ ([prev. work]527.74: also frequently in _plural_, [prev. work]528.1, +others, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1272a6, 1st c.BC-1st c.AD: Strabo Geographus 10.4.18, 22)]; compare κόρμος.
IV Philos., world-order, universe, first in [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Pythagoras Philosophus, _accusative_ to “Placita Philosophorum” 2.1.1, 3rd c.AD(?): Diogenes Laertius 8.48 (compare [5th-6th c.BC: Philolaus Philosophus] 21), or 4th-5th c.BC: Parmenides Poeta Philosophus, _accusative_ to 4th-3rd c.BC: Theophrastus Philosophus cited in D.L.[same place]; κόσμον τόνδε οὔτε τις θεῶν οὔτε ἀνθρώπων ἐποίησεν, ἀλλ᾽ ἦν ἀεὶ καὶ ἔστιν καὶ ἔσται πῦρ 1st c.AD(?): Heraclitus 30; ὁ καλούμενος ὑπὸ τῶν σοφιστῶν κ. 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 1.1.11: frequently in 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus, “Grg.” 508a, “Ti.” 27a, +others; ἡ τοῦ ὅλου σύστασίς ἐστι κ. καὶ οὐρανός 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “de Caelo” 280a21, compare 4th-3rd c.BC: Epicurus Philosophus “Epistulae” 2p.37U., 3rd c.BC: Chrysippus Stoicus 2.168, etc.; ὁ κ. ζῷον ἔμψυχον καὶ λογικόν 2nd-1st c.BC: Posidonius Historicus cited in 3rd c.AD(?): Diogenes Laertius 7.139, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Timaeus” 30b)]: sometimes of the firmament, γῆς ἁπάσης τῆς ὑπὸ τῷ κόσμῳ κειμένης [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 4.179; ὁ περὶ τὴν γῆν ὅλος κ. 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Meteorologica” 339a20)]; μετελθεῖν εἰς τὸν ἀέναον κ., of death, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (“OGI” 56.48 (Canopus, 3rd c.BC))]; but also, of earth, as opposed to heaven, ὁ ἐπιχθόνιος κ. [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd-3rd c.AD: Hermes Trismegistus cited in 5th c.AD: Stobaeus, Joannes 1.49.44; or as opposed to the underworld, ὁ ἄνω κ. 4th c.AD: Iamblichus Philosophus “de vita Pythagorica” 27.123)]; of any region of the universe, ὁ μετάρσιος κ. [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd-3rd c.AD: Hermes Trismegistus cited in 5th c.AD: Stobaeus, Joannes 1.49.44)]; of the sphere whose centre is the earth's centre and radius the straight line joining earth and sun, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Archimedes Geometra “ψαμμίτης” 4)]; of the sphere containing the fixed stars, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Epinomis” 987b)]: in plural, worlds, coexistent or successive, [Refs 6th c.BC+ (6th c.BC: Anaximander Philosophus et alii cited in “Placita Philosophorum” 2.1.3, cf. Epicur.[same place])]; also, of stars, Νὺξ μεγάλων κ. κτεάτειρα [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 356 (_anapaest meter_), cf. Heraclid.et Pythagorei cited in “Placita Philosophorum” 2.13.15 (= 5th-6th c.AD: Orphica “Fragmenta” 22))]; οἱ ἑπτὰ κ. the Seven planets, [Refs (Corp.Herm. 11.7.)]
IV.2 metaphorically, microcosm, ἄνθρωπος μικρὸς κ. [Refs 1st c.AD+ (3rd c.AD: Democritus Epigrammaticus 34; ἄνθρωπος βραχὺς κ. 1st c.AD: Philo Judaeus 2.155)]; of living beings in general, τὸ ζῷον οἷον μικρόν τινα κ. εἶναί φασιν ἄνδρες παλαιοί [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus “de Usu Partium” 3.10.)]
IV.3 in later Gr., ={οἰκουμένη}, the known or inhabited world, [NT+1st c.BC+ (“OGI” 458.40 (1st c.BC), NT.Rom.1.8, etc.)]; ὁ τοῦ παντὸς κ. κύριος, of Nero, [Refs (“SIG” 814.31, compare “IGRom.” 4.982 (from Samos))]; ἐὰν τὸν κ. ὅλον κερδήσῃ [NT (NT.Matt.16.26.)]
IV.4 men in general, φανέρωσον σεαυτὸν τῷ κ. [NT (NT.John.7.4, compare 12.19)]; especially of the world as estranged from God by sin, [NT ([prev. work] 16.20, 17.9, +others, NT.1Cor.1.21, etc.)]
IV.5 οὗτος ὁ κ. this present world, i.e. earth, opposed to heaven, [NT (NT.John.13.1; regarded as the kingdom of evil, ὁ ἄρχων τοῦ κ. τούτου [prev. work] 12.31.)]
V Pythag.name for six, [Refs (Theol.Ar. 37)]; for ten, [Refs ([prev. work]59.)]