Strong G1125γράφω
to write
- Transliteration
- graphō
- Pronunciation
- graf'-o
- Morphology
- Greek Verb
Definition
A primary verb; to grave especially to write; figuratively to describe: - describe write (-ing -ten).
Detailed definition
γράφω, [in LXX chiefly for כּתב ];
1. to scrape, graze (Hom.), and later (Hdt.) to sketch, draw.
2. to write;
__(a) of forming or tracing letters on writing material: Jhn.8:[6], Gal.6:11, 2Th.3:17;
__(b) to express in writing, commit to writing, record: Luk.1:63, Jhn.19:21, 22 Rev.1:11, 19 al.; of scripture as a standing authority (Deiss., BS, 112ff.), γέγραπται, it stands written (Luther), Mat.4:4, Mrk.7:6, Luk.4:8, Rom.1:17, 1Co.1:31, al.; id. before ἐν, Mrk.1:2, Act.1:20, al.; with accusative, to write of: Jhn.1:46, Rom.10:5; before περί, Mat.26:24, Mrk.14:21, Jhn.5:46; al.; with dative (WM, §31, 4), Luk.18:31; id. before ἵνα (M, Pr., 207f.), Mrk.12:19, Luk.20:28; κατὰ τ. γεγραμμένον, 2Co.4:13; γεγραμμένον ἐστί, Jhn.2:17; ἐγράφη, Rom.4:24; ἐπ᾽ αὐτῷ γεγραμμένα, Jhn.12:16;
__(with) of writing directions or information, with dative of person(s): Rom.15:15, 2Co.7:12, al.;
__(d) of that which contains the record or message: βιβλίον, Mrk.10:4, Jhn.21:25, Rev.5:1; τίτλον, Jhn.19:19; ἐπιστολήν, Act.23:25; ἐντολήν, Mrk.10:5 (cf. ἀπο-, ἐγ-, ἐπι-, κατα-, προ-).
(AS)
1. to scrape, graze (Hom.), and later (Hdt.) to sketch, draw.
2. to write;
__(a) of forming or tracing letters on writing material: Jhn.8:[6], Gal.6:11, 2Th.3:17;
__(b) to express in writing, commit to writing, record: Luk.1:63, Jhn.19:21, 22 Rev.1:11, 19 al.; of scripture as a standing authority (Deiss., BS, 112ff.), γέγραπται, it stands written (Luther), Mat.4:4, Mrk.7:6, Luk.4:8, Rom.1:17, 1Co.1:31, al.; id. before ἐν, Mrk.1:2, Act.1:20, al.; with accusative, to write of: Jhn.1:46, Rom.10:5; before περί, Mat.26:24, Mrk.14:21, Jhn.5:46; al.; with dative (WM, §31, 4), Luk.18:31; id. before ἵνα (M, Pr., 207f.), Mrk.12:19, Luk.20:28; κατὰ τ. γεγραμμένον, 2Co.4:13; γεγραμμένον ἐστί, Jhn.2:17; ἐγράφη, Rom.4:24; ἐπ᾽ αὐτῷ γεγραμμένα, Jhn.12:16;
__(with) of writing directions or information, with dative of person(s): Rom.15:15, 2Co.7:12, al.;
__(d) of that which contains the record or message: βιβλίον, Mrk.10:4, Jhn.21:25, Rev.5:1; τίτλον, Jhn.19:19; ἐπιστολήν, Act.23:25; ἐντολήν, Mrk.10:5 (cf. ἀπο-, ἐγ-, ἐπι-, κατα-, προ-).
(AS)
In the Bible
Strong G1125 appears in 197 verses of the KJV.
Translated in the KJV by
- write188
- written9
- be6
- describeth1
- have1
- i1
- writing1
First verses
- Matthew 2:5And they said unto him, In Bethlehem of Judea: for thus it is written by the prophet,
- Matthew 4:4But he answered and said, It is written, Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word that proceedeth out of the mouth of God.
- Matthew 4:6And saith unto him, If thou be the Son of God, cast thyself down: for it is written, He shall give his angels charge concerning thee: and in their hands they shall bear thee up, lest at any time thou dash thy foot against a stone.
- Matthew 4:7Jesus said unto him, It is written again, Thou shalt not tempt the Lord thy God.
- Matthew 4:10Then saith Jesus unto him, Get thee hence, Satan: for it is written, Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God, and him only shalt thou serve.
- Matthew 11:10For this is he, of whom it is written, Behold, I send my messenger before thy face, which shall prepare thy way before thee.
- Matthew 21:13And said unto them, It is written, My house shall be called the house of prayer; but ye have made it a den of thieves.
- Matthew 26:24The Son of man goeth as it is written of him: but woe unto that man by whom the Son of man is betrayed! it had been good for that man if he had not been born.
- Matthew 26:31Then saith Jesus unto them, All ye shall be offended because of me this night: for it is written, I will smite the shepherd, and the sheep of the flock shall be scattered abroad.
- Matthew 27:37And set up over his head his accusation written, THIS IS JESUS THE KING OF THE JEWS.
- Mark 1:2As it is written in the prophets, Behold, I send my messenger before thy face, which shall prepare thy way before thee.
- Mark 7:6He answered and said unto them, Well hath Esaias prophesied of you hypocrites, as it is written, This people honoureth me with their lips, but their heart is far from me.
- Mark 9:12And he answered and told them, Elias verily cometh first, and restoreth all things; and how it is written of the Son of man, that he must suffer many things, and be set at nought.
- Mark 9:13But I say unto you, That Elias is indeed come, and they have done unto him whatsoever they listed, as it is written of him.
- Mark 10:4And they said, Moses suffered to write a bill of divorcement, and to put her away.
- Mark 10:5And Jesus answered and said unto them, For the hardness of your heart he wrote you this precept.
- Mark 11:17And he taught, saying unto them, Is it not written, My house shall be called of all nations the house of prayer? but ye have made it a den of thieves.
- Mark 12:19Master, Moses wrote unto us, If a man’s brother die, and leave his wife behind him, and leave no children, that his brother should take his wife, and raise up seed unto his brother.
- Mark 14:21The Son of man indeed goeth, as it is written of him: but woe to that man by whom the Son of man is betrayed! good were it for that man if he had never been born.
- Mark 14:27And Jesus saith unto them, All ye shall be offended because of me this night: for it is written, I will smite the shepherd, and the sheep shall be scattered.
Occurrences by book
Related words
Detailed Greek dictionary
γράφω [ᾰ],
future -ψω[Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.95, etc.:)]aorist ἔγραψα, Epic dialect γράψα [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 17.599)]: perfect γέγραφα [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Cratinus Comicus 124, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 5.26, etc.; later γεγράφηκα “PHib.” 1.78.2 (3rd c.BC))]:—middle, future γράψομαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Pax” 107, etc. (but in _passive_ sense, 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus “προτρεπτικός - Scripta Minora” 13))]: aorist ἐγραψάμην [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 894, etc.)]:—passive, future γρᾰφήσομαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ διαίτης ὀξέων” 26, 3rd c.BC: Nicomachus Comicus 1.39, (μετεγ-) 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 1370; more frequently γεγράψομαι 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 411, 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 18.47)], etc.: aorist ἐγράφην [ᾰ], [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.91, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Parmenides” 128c, etc.; ἐγράφθην “SIG” 57.5 (Milet., 5th c.BC), 3rd c.BC: Archimedes Geometra “περὶ τῶν ὀχουμένων” 2.4)]: perfect γέγραμμαι (also in middle sense, see near the end), 3rd.pers. singular ἔγραπται [Refs 3rd c.AD+ (3rd c.AD: Oppianus Apamensis Epicus “Cynegetica” 3.274)]; participle ἐγραμμένος or ἠγρ- [Refs 1st c.AD+ (“SIG” 9 (Elis, uncertain), “Leg.Gort.” 1.45, +others; later γεγράφημαι 1st c.AD: Philo Judaeus 2.637)]: 3rd.pers. plural γεγράφαται [Refs (“IG” 12.57.10)], Doric dialect γεγράβανται [Refs (“Schwyzer” 90.12 (from Argos))]: pluperfect ἐγέγραπτο [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 1.2.64)]: 3rd.pers. plural ἐγεγράφατο [Refs 8th c.BC+ (2nd-3rd c.AD: Dio Cassius Historicus 56.32. Used by 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus)] only in aorist active:—scratch, graze, αἰχμὴ γράψεν οἱ ὀστέον ἄχρις [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 17.599)]; γράψας ἐν πίνακι πτυκτῷ θυμοφθόρα πολλά having marked or drawn signs thereon, [Refs (6.169: hence, later,)]represent by lines, draw, paint, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.41, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Eumenides” 50, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 377e)]; γῆς περιόδους γ. draw maps, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.36; γ. Ἔρωθ᾽ ὑπόπτερον 4th c.BC: Eubulus Comicus 41.1; προσπεπατταλευμένον γ. τὸν Προμηθέα 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus 535.2; ἀνδριάντα γ. 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 420c)]; ζῷα γ., ={ζωγραφεῖν} (which see), [Refs 2nd c.AD+ ([prev. author] “Grg.” 453c: _metaphorically_, ὁπόσα τοὺς λειμῶνας αἱ ὧραι γράφουσι 2nd-3rd c.AD: Philostratus Sophista “Im.Praef.”)]:—middle, ζῷα γράφεσθαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.88)]:—passive, εἰκὼν γεγραμμένη [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ranae” 537; πίνακες γεγραμμένοι τὰ Ἀλεξάνδρου ἔργα 2nd-3rd c.AD: Philostratus Sophista “Vita Apollonii” 2.20.)]
2 in Mathematics texts, describe a figure, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Euclides Geometra “Post.” 3, +others, 3rd c.BC: Archimedes Geometra “περὶ σφαίρας καὶ κυλίνδρου” 1.23, +others, 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 1.47.)]
2.b of a point or line in motion, generate a figure, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Mechanica” 848b10, +others; τὸ σαμεῖον ἕλικα γράψει 3rd c.BC: Archimedes Geometra “περὶ σφαίρας καὶ κυλίνδρου” 1, compare 3rd-2nd c.BC: Apollonius Pergaeus Geometra “Conica” 1.2, 2nd-1st c.BC(?): Hero Mechanicus “Automatopoetica” 8.1.)]
3 brand, mark, [Refs 3rd c.AD+ (3rd c.AD: Oppianus Apamensis Epicus “Cynegetica” 1.326:)] —passive in form γεγράφαται[Refs (, [prev. work] 322.)]
II express by written characters, write, τι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.125, etc.; γ. διαθήκην 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 923c, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 4.5.34 (_passive_))]; γ. τινὶ ὅτι.. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.14)]; γ. τινί, with infinitive, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (“SIG” 552.13 (Abae, 3rd c.BC))]; γ. τι εἰς διφθέρας [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.58: proverbial, ὅρκους.. γυναικὸς εἰς ὕδωρ γράφω 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 811, compare 4th c.BC: Xenarchus Comicus 6; εἰς τέφραν γ. 5th c.BC: Philonides Comicus 7)]; εἰς ὕδωρ, ἐν ὕδατι, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus “Μονόστιχοι - Fragmenta Comicorum Graecorum” 25, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 276c; ἐν χρυσῷ πίνακι [prev. author] “Criti.” 120c; ἐν φλοιῷ 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 18.47; καθ᾽ ὕδατος 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Cat.” 21; εἰς πέλαγος γράμματα γράψαι “epigram Gr.” 1038.8 (from Attalia):)] —passive, πόθι φρενὸς γέγραπται in what leaf of memory it is written, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 10(11).3.)]
II.2 inscribe, γ. εἰς σκῦλα, εἰς στήλην, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Phoenissae” 574, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 9.41:)] —passive, γράφεσθαί τι to be inscribed with a thing, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 157; ὧδε γέγραμμαι)]have my name inscribed, [Refs (Inscriptiones Graecae 12(7).3 * (uncertain))]; ἐν τῷ προσώπῳ γραφεὶς τὴν συμφοράν having it branded on his forehead, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 854d)]; γεγραμμένα κωκύουσαν, of the hyacinth, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Euphorio Epicus 40.)]
II.3 write down, γ. τινὰ αἴτιον set him down as the cause, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.214)]; γ. τι ἱερόν τινι register as.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 3.30)]; in magic, invoke a curse upon, [Refs (Tab.Defix.Aud. 14 A 1)]; γ. τινὰ κληρονόμον, ἐπίτροπον, institute by a written document, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 923c, 924a)]; register, enrol, ἐμὲ γράφε τῶν ἱππεύειν ὑπερεπιθυμούντων [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 4.3.21)]; οὐ Κρέοντος προστάτου γεγράψομαι, as a dependent of Cr., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 411.)]
II.4 γ. τινί write a letter to one, γ. σοὶ ἵνα εἰδῇς [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (“PGrenf.” 1.11 ii 21 (2nd c.BC))], etc.; εἴς τινα [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Syr.D.” 23.)]
II.5 γ. περί τίνος write on a subject, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Cynegeticus” 13.2, etc.; ὑπέρ τινος 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 1.1.4, etc.)]; εἴς τινα against.., [Refs 3rd c.AD+ (3rd c.AD: Longinus Rhetor 4.3)]; πρός τινα address a work to.., [Refs ([prev. author] 1.3)]; describe, οἱ ὑφ᾽ ἡμῶν γραφόμενοι καιροί [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 2.56.4)]; especially of Prose, opposed to ποιεῖν, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 2.48: with double _accusative_, τί.. γράψειειν ἄν σε μουσοποιὸς ἐν τάφ; 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Troades” 1189.)]
II.6 write down a law to be proposed: hence, propose, move, γνώμην, νόμον, ψήφισμα, etc., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 1.7.34, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 1429, etc.: _absolutely_ (i.e. νόμον), 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.179; γ. καὶ νομοθετεῖν περί τινος [prev. author] 24.48)]; γ. πόλεμον, εἰρήνην, [Refs ([prev. author] 10.55, 19.55)]: with infinitive, σὺ γράφεις ταῦτ᾽ εἶναι στρατιωτικά [Refs ([prev. author] 1.19; ἔγραψα.. ἀποπλεῖν.. τοὺς πρέσβεις [prev. author] 18.25)]; enact, νόμοι οὓς τὸ πλῆθος συνελθὸν ἔγραψε [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 1.2.42)]:—passive, παρὰ τὰ γραφέντα δρᾶν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Politicus” 295d; τὸ γεγραμμένον ὑπὸ σοῦ ψήφισμα 4th-3rd c.BC: Dinarchus Orator 1.70.)]
II.7 prescribe, ordain, πότμος ἔγραψε [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 6.7.)]
II.8 ὁ γράφων τὸν Ὀξυρυγχίτην (i.e. νομόν) the secretary for the nome of Oxyrhynchus, [Refs 1st c.AD+ (“POxy.” 239.1 (1st c.AD))]; τῷ ἰδίῳ λόγῳ γράφοντι τὸν νομόν [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (“PFlor.” 358.5 (2nd c.AD).)]
B middle, write for oneself or for one's own use, note down, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.82, “IG” 12.57.39, etc.; γ. τι ἐν φρεσίν 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 450 (Lyric poetry); φρενῶν ἔσω 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 1325)]; ἐγραψάμην ὑπομνήματα I wrote me down some memoranda, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 143a)]; cause to be written, συγγραφήν [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 56.6, etc.)]; γ. πρόσοδον πρὸς τὴν βουλήν petition for a hearing before the Council, [Refs ([prev. author] 24.48.)]
B.2 enrol oneself, γράψασθαι φυλῆς καὶ δήμου καὶ φρατρίας [Refs 5th c.BC+ (“IG” 12.374.16, [prev. work]2.115b21: _absolutely_, of colonists, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 850b)]; but also [Refs 4th c.BC+ (compare (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus 11.3), ἕνα τῶν μαθητῶν ἐμὲ γράφου)] enrol me as one of your disciples, [Refs ([prev. author] “Cra.” 428b.)]
B.3 as law-term, γ. τινά to indict one, τινός for some public offence, e.g. τῆς αἰσχροκερδείας, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 754e; γ. [τινὰ] παρανόμων 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.13; in full, γραφὴν γράψασθαί τινα 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 1482 (but in _passive_, εἴ σοι γράφοιτο δίκη [prev. work] 758); γράψασθαι δίκας “SIG” 344.38 (from Teos))]: with accusative et infinitive, γ. τινὰ ἀδικεῖν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 894, compare “Pax” 107: _absolutely_, οἱ γραψάμενοι)] the prosecutors, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] “V.” 881; ἑτέροις οὐκ ἦν γράψασθαι 5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 1.75)]; also γράφεσθαί τι indict an act, i. e. the doer of it, as criminal, ἐγράψατο τὴν Χαβρίου δωρειάν he brought a γραφὴ παρανόμων against the person who proposed the grant to Chabrias, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 20.146, compare 95)]; τὸ χάριν τούτων ἀποδοῦναι παρανόμων γράφει (2nd pers. singular) [Refs ([prev. author] 18.119.)]
B.3.b passive, to be indicted, γραφεὶς ἀπέφυγον [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.103)]; τοῦτο τὸ ψήφισμα ἐγράφη παρανόμων was indicted as illegal, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 3.62)]; ψηφίσματα ὑπὸ τούτου οὐδὲ γραφέντα not even indicted, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.222 (but in 18.28, εἰ μὴ τοῦτ᾽ ἐγράφη)] if this decree had not been proposed, as passive of [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus 11.6))]; τὰ γεγραμμένα the articles of the indictment, [Refs ([prev. author] 18.56)]; τὸ γεγραμμένον the penalty named in the indiclment, [Refs ([prev. author] 24.83:)] —but γέγραμμαι usually takes the sense of the middle, indict, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] 18.59, 119, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Euthyphro” 2b, “Tht.” 210d.)]
future -ψω[Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.95, etc.:)]aorist ἔγραψα, Epic dialect γράψα [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 17.599)]: perfect γέγραφα [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Cratinus Comicus 124, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 5.26, etc.; later γεγράφηκα “PHib.” 1.78.2 (3rd c.BC))]:—middle, future γράψομαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Pax” 107, etc. (but in _passive_ sense, 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus “προτρεπτικός - Scripta Minora” 13))]: aorist ἐγραψάμην [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 894, etc.)]:—passive, future γρᾰφήσομαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ διαίτης ὀξέων” 26, 3rd c.BC: Nicomachus Comicus 1.39, (μετεγ-) 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 1370; more frequently γεγράψομαι 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 411, 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 18.47)], etc.: aorist ἐγράφην [ᾰ], [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.91, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Parmenides” 128c, etc.; ἐγράφθην “SIG” 57.5 (Milet., 5th c.BC), 3rd c.BC: Archimedes Geometra “περὶ τῶν ὀχουμένων” 2.4)]: perfect γέγραμμαι (also in middle sense, see near the end), 3rd.pers. singular ἔγραπται [Refs 3rd c.AD+ (3rd c.AD: Oppianus Apamensis Epicus “Cynegetica” 3.274)]; participle ἐγραμμένος or ἠγρ- [Refs 1st c.AD+ (“SIG” 9 (Elis, uncertain), “Leg.Gort.” 1.45, +others; later γεγράφημαι 1st c.AD: Philo Judaeus 2.637)]: 3rd.pers. plural γεγράφαται [Refs (“IG” 12.57.10)], Doric dialect γεγράβανται [Refs (“Schwyzer” 90.12 (from Argos))]: pluperfect ἐγέγραπτο [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 1.2.64)]: 3rd.pers. plural ἐγεγράφατο [Refs 8th c.BC+ (2nd-3rd c.AD: Dio Cassius Historicus 56.32. Used by 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus)] only in aorist active:—scratch, graze, αἰχμὴ γράψεν οἱ ὀστέον ἄχρις [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 17.599)]; γράψας ἐν πίνακι πτυκτῷ θυμοφθόρα πολλά having marked or drawn signs thereon, [Refs (6.169: hence, later,)]represent by lines, draw, paint, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.41, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Eumenides” 50, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 377e)]; γῆς περιόδους γ. draw maps, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.36; γ. Ἔρωθ᾽ ὑπόπτερον 4th c.BC: Eubulus Comicus 41.1; προσπεπατταλευμένον γ. τὸν Προμηθέα 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus 535.2; ἀνδριάντα γ. 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 420c)]; ζῷα γ., ={ζωγραφεῖν} (which see), [Refs 2nd c.AD+ ([prev. author] “Grg.” 453c: _metaphorically_, ὁπόσα τοὺς λειμῶνας αἱ ὧραι γράφουσι 2nd-3rd c.AD: Philostratus Sophista “Im.Praef.”)]:—middle, ζῷα γράφεσθαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.88)]:—passive, εἰκὼν γεγραμμένη [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ranae” 537; πίνακες γεγραμμένοι τὰ Ἀλεξάνδρου ἔργα 2nd-3rd c.AD: Philostratus Sophista “Vita Apollonii” 2.20.)]
2 in Mathematics texts, describe a figure, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Euclides Geometra “Post.” 3, +others, 3rd c.BC: Archimedes Geometra “περὶ σφαίρας καὶ κυλίνδρου” 1.23, +others, 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 1.47.)]
2.b of a point or line in motion, generate a figure, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Mechanica” 848b10, +others; τὸ σαμεῖον ἕλικα γράψει 3rd c.BC: Archimedes Geometra “περὶ σφαίρας καὶ κυλίνδρου” 1, compare 3rd-2nd c.BC: Apollonius Pergaeus Geometra “Conica” 1.2, 2nd-1st c.BC(?): Hero Mechanicus “Automatopoetica” 8.1.)]
3 brand, mark, [Refs 3rd c.AD+ (3rd c.AD: Oppianus Apamensis Epicus “Cynegetica” 1.326:)] —passive in form γεγράφαται[Refs (, [prev. work] 322.)]
II express by written characters, write, τι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.125, etc.; γ. διαθήκην 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 923c, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 4.5.34 (_passive_))]; γ. τινὶ ὅτι.. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.14)]; γ. τινί, with infinitive, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (“SIG” 552.13 (Abae, 3rd c.BC))]; γ. τι εἰς διφθέρας [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.58: proverbial, ὅρκους.. γυναικὸς εἰς ὕδωρ γράφω 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 811, compare 4th c.BC: Xenarchus Comicus 6; εἰς τέφραν γ. 5th c.BC: Philonides Comicus 7)]; εἰς ὕδωρ, ἐν ὕδατι, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus “Μονόστιχοι - Fragmenta Comicorum Graecorum” 25, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 276c; ἐν χρυσῷ πίνακι [prev. author] “Criti.” 120c; ἐν φλοιῷ 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 18.47; καθ᾽ ὕδατος 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Cat.” 21; εἰς πέλαγος γράμματα γράψαι “epigram Gr.” 1038.8 (from Attalia):)] —passive, πόθι φρενὸς γέγραπται in what leaf of memory it is written, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 10(11).3.)]
II.2 inscribe, γ. εἰς σκῦλα, εἰς στήλην, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Phoenissae” 574, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 9.41:)] —passive, γράφεσθαί τι to be inscribed with a thing, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 157; ὧδε γέγραμμαι)]have my name inscribed, [Refs (Inscriptiones Graecae 12(7).3 * (uncertain))]; ἐν τῷ προσώπῳ γραφεὶς τὴν συμφοράν having it branded on his forehead, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 854d)]; γεγραμμένα κωκύουσαν, of the hyacinth, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Euphorio Epicus 40.)]
II.3 write down, γ. τινὰ αἴτιον set him down as the cause, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.214)]; γ. τι ἱερόν τινι register as.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 3.30)]; in magic, invoke a curse upon, [Refs (Tab.Defix.Aud. 14 A 1)]; γ. τινὰ κληρονόμον, ἐπίτροπον, institute by a written document, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 923c, 924a)]; register, enrol, ἐμὲ γράφε τῶν ἱππεύειν ὑπερεπιθυμούντων [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 4.3.21)]; οὐ Κρέοντος προστάτου γεγράψομαι, as a dependent of Cr., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 411.)]
II.4 γ. τινί write a letter to one, γ. σοὶ ἵνα εἰδῇς [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (“PGrenf.” 1.11 ii 21 (2nd c.BC))], etc.; εἴς τινα [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Syr.D.” 23.)]
II.5 γ. περί τίνος write on a subject, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Cynegeticus” 13.2, etc.; ὑπέρ τινος 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 1.1.4, etc.)]; εἴς τινα against.., [Refs 3rd c.AD+ (3rd c.AD: Longinus Rhetor 4.3)]; πρός τινα address a work to.., [Refs ([prev. author] 1.3)]; describe, οἱ ὑφ᾽ ἡμῶν γραφόμενοι καιροί [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 2.56.4)]; especially of Prose, opposed to ποιεῖν, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 2.48: with double _accusative_, τί.. γράψειειν ἄν σε μουσοποιὸς ἐν τάφ; 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Troades” 1189.)]
II.6 write down a law to be proposed: hence, propose, move, γνώμην, νόμον, ψήφισμα, etc., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 1.7.34, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 1429, etc.: _absolutely_ (i.e. νόμον), 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.179; γ. καὶ νομοθετεῖν περί τινος [prev. author] 24.48)]; γ. πόλεμον, εἰρήνην, [Refs ([prev. author] 10.55, 19.55)]: with infinitive, σὺ γράφεις ταῦτ᾽ εἶναι στρατιωτικά [Refs ([prev. author] 1.19; ἔγραψα.. ἀποπλεῖν.. τοὺς πρέσβεις [prev. author] 18.25)]; enact, νόμοι οὓς τὸ πλῆθος συνελθὸν ἔγραψε [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 1.2.42)]:—passive, παρὰ τὰ γραφέντα δρᾶν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Politicus” 295d; τὸ γεγραμμένον ὑπὸ σοῦ ψήφισμα 4th-3rd c.BC: Dinarchus Orator 1.70.)]
II.7 prescribe, ordain, πότμος ἔγραψε [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 6.7.)]
II.8 ὁ γράφων τὸν Ὀξυρυγχίτην (i.e. νομόν) the secretary for the nome of Oxyrhynchus, [Refs 1st c.AD+ (“POxy.” 239.1 (1st c.AD))]; τῷ ἰδίῳ λόγῳ γράφοντι τὸν νομόν [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (“PFlor.” 358.5 (2nd c.AD).)]
B middle, write for oneself or for one's own use, note down, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.82, “IG” 12.57.39, etc.; γ. τι ἐν φρεσίν 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 450 (Lyric poetry); φρενῶν ἔσω 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 1325)]; ἐγραψάμην ὑπομνήματα I wrote me down some memoranda, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 143a)]; cause to be written, συγγραφήν [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 56.6, etc.)]; γ. πρόσοδον πρὸς τὴν βουλήν petition for a hearing before the Council, [Refs ([prev. author] 24.48.)]
B.2 enrol oneself, γράψασθαι φυλῆς καὶ δήμου καὶ φρατρίας [Refs 5th c.BC+ (“IG” 12.374.16, [prev. work]2.115b21: _absolutely_, of colonists, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 850b)]; but also [Refs 4th c.BC+ (compare (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus 11.3), ἕνα τῶν μαθητῶν ἐμὲ γράφου)] enrol me as one of your disciples, [Refs ([prev. author] “Cra.” 428b.)]
B.3 as law-term, γ. τινά to indict one, τινός for some public offence, e.g. τῆς αἰσχροκερδείας, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 754e; γ. [τινὰ] παρανόμων 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.13; in full, γραφὴν γράψασθαί τινα 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 1482 (but in _passive_, εἴ σοι γράφοιτο δίκη [prev. work] 758); γράψασθαι δίκας “SIG” 344.38 (from Teos))]: with accusative et infinitive, γ. τινὰ ἀδικεῖν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 894, compare “Pax” 107: _absolutely_, οἱ γραψάμενοι)] the prosecutors, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] “V.” 881; ἑτέροις οὐκ ἦν γράψασθαι 5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 1.75)]; also γράφεσθαί τι indict an act, i. e. the doer of it, as criminal, ἐγράψατο τὴν Χαβρίου δωρειάν he brought a γραφὴ παρανόμων against the person who proposed the grant to Chabrias, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 20.146, compare 95)]; τὸ χάριν τούτων ἀποδοῦναι παρανόμων γράφει (2nd pers. singular) [Refs ([prev. author] 18.119.)]
B.3.b passive, to be indicted, γραφεὶς ἀπέφυγον [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.103)]; τοῦτο τὸ ψήφισμα ἐγράφη παρανόμων was indicted as illegal, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 3.62)]; ψηφίσματα ὑπὸ τούτου οὐδὲ γραφέντα not even indicted, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.222 (but in 18.28, εἰ μὴ τοῦτ᾽ ἐγράφη)] if this decree had not been proposed, as passive of [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus 11.6))]; τὰ γεγραμμένα the articles of the indictment, [Refs ([prev. author] 18.56)]; τὸ γεγραμμένον the penalty named in the indiclment, [Refs ([prev. author] 24.83:)] —but γέγραμμαι usually takes the sense of the middle, indict, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] 18.59, 119, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Euthyphro” 2b, “Tht.” 210d.)]