Strong G3772οὐρανός
heaven
- Transliteration
- ouranos
- Pronunciation
- oo-ran-os'
- Morphology
- Greek Noun (Masculine)
Definition
Perhaps from the same as G3735 (through the idea of elevation); the sky; by extension heaven (as the abode of God); by implication happiness power 6
eternity; specifically the Gospel (Christianity): - air heaven ([-ly]) sky.
eternity; specifically the Gospel (Christianity): - air heaven ([-ly]) sky.
Detailed definition
οὐρανός, -οῦ, ὁ,
[in LXX chiefly for שָׁמַיִם (hence, often pl., οἱ οὐ., see infr.);]
heaven;
1. of the vault or firmament of heaven, the sky and the aerial regions above the earth: opposite to ἡ γῆ, Heb.1:10, 2Pe.3:5, 10; ὁ οὐ. καὶ ἡ γῆ, i.e. the world, the universe, Mat.5:18, Mrk.13:31, Luk.10:21, Act.4:24, Rev.10:6, al.; ἀπ᾽ ἄκρων οὐ. ἕως ἄ. αὐτῶν (on the absence of art. aft. prep., see Bl, §46, 5), Mat.24:31; ὑπὸ τὸν οὐ., Act.2:5, Col.1:23; ὑψωθῆναι ἕως τοῦ οὐ., figuratively, Mat.11:23, Luk.10:15; σημεῖον ἐκ τοῦ οὐ., Mat.16:1, Mrk.8:11, al.; αἱ νεφέλαι, Mat.24:30, al.; τὰ πετεινὰ τοῦ οὐ., Mat.6:26, Mrk.4:32, al.; οἱ ἀστέρες τοῦ οὐ., Rev.6:13, al.; pl. (οἱ) οὐ. (Bl., §32, 5), Mat.3:16, Mrk.1:10, Jhn.1:32, 2Pe.3:7, 13 al.
2. Of the abode of God and other blessed beings: of angels, Mat.24:36, Mrk.12:25, Gal.1:8, Rev.10:1, al.; of Christ glorified, Mrk.16:[19], Luk.24:51, Act.3:21, Rom.10:6, al.; of God, Mat.5:34, Rom.1:18, al.; ὁ Πατὴρ ὁ ἐν τοῖς οὐ. (Dalman, Words, 184ff.), Mat.5:16 6:1, al.; θησαυρὸς ἐν οὐ., Mat.6:20, Mrk.10:21, al.
3. By meton.,
__(a) of the inhabitants of heaven: Rev.18:20 (cf. ib. 12:12, Job.15:15, Isa.44:23);
__(b) as an evasive reference to God, characteristic of later Judaism (Dalman, Words, 204ff.): Mat.21:25, Mrk.11:30, Luk.15:18, Jhn.3:27, al.; ἡ βασιλεία τῶν οὐ. (= τοῦ Θεοῦ); see: βασιλεία).
βασιλεία, -ας, ἡ
(βασιλεύω), [in LXX chiefly for מַמְלָכָה,מַלְכוּת;]
1. prop. abstract, sovereignty, royal power, dominion: Luk.1:33 22:29, Jhn.18:36, Act.1:6, Heb.1:8, 1Co.15:24; λαβεῖν β., Luk.19:12, 15 Rev.17:12; δοῦναι τὴν, ib. 17; ἔχειν β., ib. 18; ἔρχεσθαι ἐν τ. (εἰς τὴν) β., Mat.16:28, Luk.23:42; β. τ. θεοῦ, Rev.12:10.
2. By meton., concrete (MM, Exp., x),
__(a) a kingdom, the territory or people over whom the king rules (Est.5:3, al.): Mat.4:8 12:25, 26 24:7, Mrk.3:24 6:23, Luk.4:5, Heb.11:33, al.;
__(b) the royal majesty (cf. our phrase His Majesty), the king himself (τ. σπέρμα τῆς β., 4Ki.11:1).
3. In LXX (Wis.6:5, Tob.13:1, al.), Targ. and NT, of the Messianic rule and kingdom, ἡ β. τ. θεοῦ, τ. οὐρανῶν (Heb. מַלְכוּת שָׁמַיִם, Aram. מַלְכוּתָא דִשׁמַיָּא; see Dalman, Words, 91-147; Cremer, 132, 658), the kingdom of God (on the equivalence of the two phrases, see Dalman, op. cit., 93, 218f.); τ. θεοῦ, Mat.6:33 12:28, al.; τ. οὐρανῶν, Mat.3:2 4:17, al.; τ. Χριστοῦ (מַלִכוּת דִמְשִׁיחא, Targ. Jon. on Isa.53:10), Eph.5:5; τ. κυρίου, 2Pe.1:11, Rev.11:15; τ. Δαυείδ, Mrk.11:10; absol., ἡ β., Mat.4:23, Jas.2:5, al. The kingdom is regarded as present: Mat.11:12, Luk.17:21, Rom.14:17, al.; as that which is to be consummated in the future, Mat.6:10, Mrk.9:1, Jhn.3:5, 2Pe.1:11, al. Noteworthy phrases are: ζητεῖν τὴν β., Mat.6:33; δέχεσθαι, Mrk.10:15; κλρονομεῖν, Mat.25:34; διδόναι, Lk 12:32; παραλαμβάνειν, Heb.12:28; αὐτῶν (τοιούτων) εστὶν ἡ β., Mat.5:3, 10 19:14, Mrk.10:14, Luk.18:16; διὰ τὴν β., Mat.19:12; ἕνεκεν τῆς β., Luk.18:29; εὐαγγελίζεσθαι, κηρύσσειν, διαγγέλλειν τὴν β., Luk.4:43 9:2, 60; ἤγγικεν ἡ β., Mat.3:2, Mrk.1:15; κλεῖς τῆς β., Mat.16:10; κλείειν τὴν β., Mat.23:14; υἱοὶ τῆς β., Mat.8:12 13:38 (cf. Cremer, 132, 658).
\ (AS)
[in LXX chiefly for שָׁמַיִם (hence, often pl., οἱ οὐ., see infr.);]
heaven;
1. of the vault or firmament of heaven, the sky and the aerial regions above the earth: opposite to ἡ γῆ, Heb.1:10, 2Pe.3:5, 10; ὁ οὐ. καὶ ἡ γῆ, i.e. the world, the universe, Mat.5:18, Mrk.13:31, Luk.10:21, Act.4:24, Rev.10:6, al.; ἀπ᾽ ἄκρων οὐ. ἕως ἄ. αὐτῶν (on the absence of art. aft. prep., see Bl, §46, 5), Mat.24:31; ὑπὸ τὸν οὐ., Act.2:5, Col.1:23; ὑψωθῆναι ἕως τοῦ οὐ., figuratively, Mat.11:23, Luk.10:15; σημεῖον ἐκ τοῦ οὐ., Mat.16:1, Mrk.8:11, al.; αἱ νεφέλαι, Mat.24:30, al.; τὰ πετεινὰ τοῦ οὐ., Mat.6:26, Mrk.4:32, al.; οἱ ἀστέρες τοῦ οὐ., Rev.6:13, al.; pl. (οἱ) οὐ. (Bl., §32, 5), Mat.3:16, Mrk.1:10, Jhn.1:32, 2Pe.3:7, 13 al.
2. Of the abode of God and other blessed beings: of angels, Mat.24:36, Mrk.12:25, Gal.1:8, Rev.10:1, al.; of Christ glorified, Mrk.16:[19], Luk.24:51, Act.3:21, Rom.10:6, al.; of God, Mat.5:34, Rom.1:18, al.; ὁ Πατὴρ ὁ ἐν τοῖς οὐ. (Dalman, Words, 184ff.), Mat.5:16 6:1, al.; θησαυρὸς ἐν οὐ., Mat.6:20, Mrk.10:21, al.
3. By meton.,
__(a) of the inhabitants of heaven: Rev.18:20 (cf. ib. 12:12, Job.15:15, Isa.44:23);
__(b) as an evasive reference to God, characteristic of later Judaism (Dalman, Words, 204ff.): Mat.21:25, Mrk.11:30, Luk.15:18, Jhn.3:27, al.; ἡ βασιλεία τῶν οὐ. (= τοῦ Θεοῦ); see: βασιλεία).
βασιλεία, -ας, ἡ
(βασιλεύω), [in LXX chiefly for מַמְלָכָה,מַלְכוּת;]
1. prop. abstract, sovereignty, royal power, dominion: Luk.1:33 22:29, Jhn.18:36, Act.1:6, Heb.1:8, 1Co.15:24; λαβεῖν β., Luk.19:12, 15 Rev.17:12; δοῦναι τὴν, ib. 17; ἔχειν β., ib. 18; ἔρχεσθαι ἐν τ. (εἰς τὴν) β., Mat.16:28, Luk.23:42; β. τ. θεοῦ, Rev.12:10.
2. By meton., concrete (MM, Exp., x),
__(a) a kingdom, the territory or people over whom the king rules (Est.5:3, al.): Mat.4:8 12:25, 26 24:7, Mrk.3:24 6:23, Luk.4:5, Heb.11:33, al.;
__(b) the royal majesty (cf. our phrase His Majesty), the king himself (τ. σπέρμα τῆς β., 4Ki.11:1).
3. In LXX (Wis.6:5, Tob.13:1, al.), Targ. and NT, of the Messianic rule and kingdom, ἡ β. τ. θεοῦ, τ. οὐρανῶν (Heb. מַלְכוּת שָׁמַיִם, Aram. מַלְכוּתָא דִשׁמַיָּא; see Dalman, Words, 91-147; Cremer, 132, 658), the kingdom of God (on the equivalence of the two phrases, see Dalman, op. cit., 93, 218f.); τ. θεοῦ, Mat.6:33 12:28, al.; τ. οὐρανῶν, Mat.3:2 4:17, al.; τ. Χριστοῦ (מַלִכוּת דִמְשִׁיחא, Targ. Jon. on Isa.53:10), Eph.5:5; τ. κυρίου, 2Pe.1:11, Rev.11:15; τ. Δαυείδ, Mrk.11:10; absol., ἡ β., Mat.4:23, Jas.2:5, al. The kingdom is regarded as present: Mat.11:12, Luk.17:21, Rom.14:17, al.; as that which is to be consummated in the future, Mat.6:10, Mrk.9:1, Jhn.3:5, 2Pe.1:11, al. Noteworthy phrases are: ζητεῖν τὴν β., Mat.6:33; δέχεσθαι, Mrk.10:15; κλρονομεῖν, Mat.25:34; διδόναι, Lk 12:32; παραλαμβάνειν, Heb.12:28; αὐτῶν (τοιούτων) εστὶν ἡ β., Mat.5:3, 10 19:14, Mrk.10:14, Luk.18:16; διὰ τὴν β., Mat.19:12; ἕνεκεν τῆς β., Luk.18:29; εὐαγγελίζεσθαι, κηρύσσειν, διαγγέλλειν τὴν β., Luk.4:43 9:2, 60; ἤγγικεν ἡ β., Mat.3:2, Mrk.1:15; κλεῖς τῆς β., Mat.16:10; κλείειν τὴν β., Mat.23:14; υἱοὶ τῆς β., Mat.8:12 13:38 (cf. Cremer, 132, 658).
\ (AS)
In the Bible
Strong G3772 appears in 264 verses of the KJV.
Translated in the KJV by
- heaven249
- air10
- sky4
- heavenly1
First verses
- Matthew 3:2And saying, Repent ye: for the kingdom of heaven is at hand.
- Matthew 3:16And Jesus, when he was baptized, went up straightway out of the water: and, lo, the heavens were opened unto him, and he saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove, and lighting upon him:
- Matthew 3:17And lo a voice from heaven, saying, This is my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased.
- Matthew 4:17From that time Jesus began to preach, and to say, Repent: for the kingdom of heaven is at hand.
- Matthew 5:3Blessed are the poor in spirit: for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.
- Matthew 5:10Blessed are they which are persecuted for righteousness’ sake: for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.
- Matthew 5:12Rejoice, and be exceeding glad: for great is your reward in heaven: for so persecuted they the prophets which were before you.
- Matthew 5:16Let your light so shine before men, that they may see your good works, and glorify your Father which is in heaven.
- Matthew 5:18For verily I say unto you, Till heaven and earth pass, one jot or one tittle shall in no wise pass from the law, till all be fulfilled.
- Matthew 5:19Whosoever therefore shall break one of these least commandments, and shall teach men so, he shall be called the least in the kingdom of heaven: but whosoever shall do and teach them, the same shall be called great in the kingdom of heaven.
- Matthew 5:20For I say unto you, That except your righteousness shall exceed the righteousness of the scribes and Pharisees, ye shall in no case enter into the kingdom of heaven.
- Matthew 5:34But I say unto you, Swear not at all; neither by heaven; for it is God’s throne:
- Matthew 5:45That ye may be the children of your Father which is in heaven: for he maketh his sun to rise on the evil and on the good, and sendeth rain on the just and on the unjust.
- Matthew 5:48Be ye therefore perfect, even as your Father which is in heaven is perfect.
- Matthew 6:1Take heed that ye do not your alms before men, to be seen of them: otherwise ye have no reward of your Father which is in heaven.
- Matthew 6:9After this manner therefore pray ye: Our Father which art in heaven, Hallowed be thy name.
- Matthew 6:10Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done in earth, as it is in heaven.
- Matthew 6:20But lay up for yourselves treasures in heaven, where neither moth nor rust doth corrupt, and where thieves do not break through nor steal:
- Matthew 6:26Behold the fowls of the air: for they sow not, neither do they reap, nor gather into barns; yet your heavenly Father feedeth them. Are ye not much better than they?
- Matthew 7:11If ye then, being evil, know how to give good gifts unto your children, how much more shall your Father which is in heaven give good things to them that ask him?
Occurrences by book
Related words
Detailed Greek dictionary
οὐρᾰνός, ὁ,
Doric dialect and Boeotian dialect ὠρανός [Refs 7th c.BC+ (7th c.BC: Alcman Lyricus 23.16, 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 2.147, 5.144, 6th c.BC: Corinna Lyrica “Supp.” 2.79, “Hymnus ad Isim” 19)]; Aeolic dialect ὄρανος (ὀράνω [Refs 7th c.BC+ (7th-6th c.BC: Sappho Lyrica 37, 64, 7th-6th c.BC: Alcaeus Lyricus 34, but ὠράνω 7th-6th c.BC: Sappho Lyrica 1.11 (assuming variant), 7th-6th c.BC: Alcaeus Lyricus 17 (assuming variant), and see at {Οὐρανία}): —never used in _plural_ by classical writers, see 1.4: (see. near the end):)]
I heaven: in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus and 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus,)]
I.1 vault or firmament of heaven, sky, γαῖα.. ἐγείνατο ἶσον ἑαυτῇ οὐρανὸν ἀστερόεντα, ἵνα μιν περὶ πάντα καλύπτοι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Theogonia” 127; ἔχει δέ τε κίονας αὐτὸς [Ἄτλας] μακράς, αἳ γαῖάν τε καὶ οὐρανὸν ἀμφὶς ἔχουσι 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.54, compare 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 351; χάλκεος 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 17.425; πολύχαλκος 5.504, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.2; σιδήρεος 15.329)]; wrapped in clouds, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.192, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.303)]; above the aether, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.458, 17.425, 19.351, cf. Scholia 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 3.3; even 5th c.BC: Empedocles Poeta Philosophus)] continued to regard it as solid (στερέμνιον), [Refs (“Placita Philosophorum” 2.11.2 (“Vorsokr.” ip.209))]; defined as αἰθέρος τὸ ἔσχατον by [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-3rd c.BC: Zeno Citieus Stoicus 1.33, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 95 ff.)]; ἠέλιος δὲ οὐρανοῦ ἐξαπόλωλε, of an eclipse, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 20.357, compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 845; ἐν δὲ τὰ τείρεα πάντα, τά τ᾽ οὐρανὸς ἐστεφάνωται 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 18.485; Ἕσπερος, ὃς κάλλιστος ἐν οὐρανῷ ἵσταται ἀστήρ 22.318; οὐρανὸς ἀστερόεις 6.108, +others)]
I.2 heaven, as the seat of the gods, outside or above this skyey vault, the portion of Zeus (see. Ὄλυμπος),[Refs 8th c.BC+ (15.192, compare 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.67, etc.; οὐ. Οὔλυμπός τε 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.497, 8.394; Οὔλυμ πός τε καὶ οὐ. 19.128)]; πύλαι οὐρανοῦ [Refs (“Heaven” -gate, i. e. a thick cloud, which the Ὧραι lifted and put down like a trap-door, 5.749, 8.393)]; so, later, οἱ ἐξ οὐρανοῦ the gods of heaven, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 897 (Lyric poetry))]; οἱ ἐν οὐρανῷ θεοί (viz. Sun, etc.) [Refs 8th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 508a; εὔχετο, χεῖρ᾽ ὀρέγων εἰς οὐ. ἀστερόεντα 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.371, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.527)]; νὴ τὸν οὐ. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Plutus” 267, 366.)]
I.3 in common language, sky, οὐδέ τις ἄλλη φαίνετο γαιάων, ἀλλ᾽ οὐ. ἠδὲ θάλασσα [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.302; σέλας δ᾽ εἰς οὐ. ἵκῃ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 8.509)]; κλέος οὐρανὸν ἵκει, κλέος οὐ. εὐρὺν ἱκάνει, renown reaches to heaven,[Refs 8th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 192, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.108)]; so ὀρυμαγδός, κνίση, σκόπελος οὐρανὸν ἷκεν or ἱκάνει, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 17.425, 1.317, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 12.73 (compare οὐράνιος 11, οὐρανομήκης): _metaphorically_, ὕβρις τε βίη τε σιδήρεον οὐ. ἵκει)] deeds of violence 'cry to heaven', [Refs 5th c.BC+ (15.329, 17.565; γῇ τε κοὐρανῷ λέξαι.. τύχας 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 57, compare 4th-3rd c.BC: Philemo Comicus 79.1)]; πρὸς οὐρανὸν βιβάζειν τι to exalt to heaven, [Refs (S “OC” 381)]; πρὸς τὸν οὐ. ἥλλοντο leaped up on high, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 1.4.11; πρὸς τὸν οὐ. βλέπειν [prev. author] “Oec.” 19.9.)]
I.4 in Philos., the heavens, universe, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Politicus” 269d, “Ti.” 32b, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “de Caelo” 278b21, “Metaphorical” 990a20, +others: _plural_ in “VT”, οἱ οὐρανοί)] the heavens, [LXX (LXX.Psa.96(97).6, 148.4, +others)]
I.5 a region of heaven, climate, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.142.)]
I.6 [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Pythagoras Philosophus name of 10, “Theologumena Arithmeticae” 59.)]
II anything shaped like the vault of heaven, as,
II.1 vaulted roof or ceiling, [Refs 5th c.AD+ (5th c.AD(?): Hesychius Legal icographus)]
II.2 roof of the mouth, palate, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 492a20, “PA” 660a14, 2nd c.AD: Athenaeus Epigrammaticus 8.344b, “Anthologia Graeca” 5.104 (Marc. argument).)]
II.3 lid, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Matro Parodius “Convivium - Corpusculum poesis epicae ludibundae” 12.)]
II.4 tent, pavilion, [Refs 4th c.AD+ (4th c.AD: Themistius Sophista “Orationes” 13.166b.)]
III proper name, “Uranos”, son of Erebos and Gaia, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Theogonia” 127s q)].; but husband of Gaia, parent of Cronos and the Titans (compare Οὐρανίδης),[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 106, “Hymni Homerici” 30.17, compare 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 207. (Acc. to 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “de Mundo” 400a7, from ὅρος and ἄνω,compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Cratylus” 396c. This must be wrong, but the true etymology is doubtful.))]
Doric dialect and Boeotian dialect ὠρανός [Refs 7th c.BC+ (7th c.BC: Alcman Lyricus 23.16, 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 2.147, 5.144, 6th c.BC: Corinna Lyrica “Supp.” 2.79, “Hymnus ad Isim” 19)]; Aeolic dialect ὄρανος (ὀράνω [Refs 7th c.BC+ (7th-6th c.BC: Sappho Lyrica 37, 64, 7th-6th c.BC: Alcaeus Lyricus 34, but ὠράνω 7th-6th c.BC: Sappho Lyrica 1.11 (assuming variant), 7th-6th c.BC: Alcaeus Lyricus 17 (assuming variant), and see at {Οὐρανία}): —never used in _plural_ by classical writers, see 1.4: (see. near the end):)]
I heaven: in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus and 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus,)]
I.1 vault or firmament of heaven, sky, γαῖα.. ἐγείνατο ἶσον ἑαυτῇ οὐρανὸν ἀστερόεντα, ἵνα μιν περὶ πάντα καλύπτοι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Theogonia” 127; ἔχει δέ τε κίονας αὐτὸς [Ἄτλας] μακράς, αἳ γαῖάν τε καὶ οὐρανὸν ἀμφὶς ἔχουσι 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.54, compare 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 351; χάλκεος 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 17.425; πολύχαλκος 5.504, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.2; σιδήρεος 15.329)]; wrapped in clouds, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.192, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.303)]; above the aether, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.458, 17.425, 19.351, cf. Scholia 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 3.3; even 5th c.BC: Empedocles Poeta Philosophus)] continued to regard it as solid (στερέμνιον), [Refs (“Placita Philosophorum” 2.11.2 (“Vorsokr.” ip.209))]; defined as αἰθέρος τὸ ἔσχατον by [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-3rd c.BC: Zeno Citieus Stoicus 1.33, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 95 ff.)]; ἠέλιος δὲ οὐρανοῦ ἐξαπόλωλε, of an eclipse, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 20.357, compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 845; ἐν δὲ τὰ τείρεα πάντα, τά τ᾽ οὐρανὸς ἐστεφάνωται 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 18.485; Ἕσπερος, ὃς κάλλιστος ἐν οὐρανῷ ἵσταται ἀστήρ 22.318; οὐρανὸς ἀστερόεις 6.108, +others)]
I.2 heaven, as the seat of the gods, outside or above this skyey vault, the portion of Zeus (see. Ὄλυμπος),[Refs 8th c.BC+ (15.192, compare 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.67, etc.; οὐ. Οὔλυμπός τε 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.497, 8.394; Οὔλυμ πός τε καὶ οὐ. 19.128)]; πύλαι οὐρανοῦ [Refs (“Heaven” -gate, i. e. a thick cloud, which the Ὧραι lifted and put down like a trap-door, 5.749, 8.393)]; so, later, οἱ ἐξ οὐρανοῦ the gods of heaven, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 897 (Lyric poetry))]; οἱ ἐν οὐρανῷ θεοί (viz. Sun, etc.) [Refs 8th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 508a; εὔχετο, χεῖρ᾽ ὀρέγων εἰς οὐ. ἀστερόεντα 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.371, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.527)]; νὴ τὸν οὐ. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Plutus” 267, 366.)]
I.3 in common language, sky, οὐδέ τις ἄλλη φαίνετο γαιάων, ἀλλ᾽ οὐ. ἠδὲ θάλασσα [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.302; σέλας δ᾽ εἰς οὐ. ἵκῃ 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 8.509)]; κλέος οὐρανὸν ἵκει, κλέος οὐ. εὐρὺν ἱκάνει, renown reaches to heaven,[Refs 8th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 192, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.108)]; so ὀρυμαγδός, κνίση, σκόπελος οὐρανὸν ἷκεν or ἱκάνει, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 17.425, 1.317, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 12.73 (compare οὐράνιος 11, οὐρανομήκης): _metaphorically_, ὕβρις τε βίη τε σιδήρεον οὐ. ἵκει)] deeds of violence 'cry to heaven', [Refs 5th c.BC+ (15.329, 17.565; γῇ τε κοὐρανῷ λέξαι.. τύχας 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 57, compare 4th-3rd c.BC: Philemo Comicus 79.1)]; πρὸς οὐρανὸν βιβάζειν τι to exalt to heaven, [Refs (S “OC” 381)]; πρὸς τὸν οὐ. ἥλλοντο leaped up on high, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 1.4.11; πρὸς τὸν οὐ. βλέπειν [prev. author] “Oec.” 19.9.)]
I.4 in Philos., the heavens, universe, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Politicus” 269d, “Ti.” 32b, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “de Caelo” 278b21, “Metaphorical” 990a20, +others: _plural_ in “VT”, οἱ οὐρανοί)] the heavens, [LXX (LXX.Psa.96(97).6, 148.4, +others)]
I.5 a region of heaven, climate, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.142.)]
I.6 [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Pythagoras Philosophus name of 10, “Theologumena Arithmeticae” 59.)]
II anything shaped like the vault of heaven, as,
II.1 vaulted roof or ceiling, [Refs 5th c.AD+ (5th c.AD(?): Hesychius Legal icographus)]
II.2 roof of the mouth, palate, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 492a20, “PA” 660a14, 2nd c.AD: Athenaeus Epigrammaticus 8.344b, “Anthologia Graeca” 5.104 (Marc. argument).)]
II.3 lid, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Matro Parodius “Convivium - Corpusculum poesis epicae ludibundae” 12.)]
II.4 tent, pavilion, [Refs 4th c.AD+ (4th c.AD: Themistius Sophista “Orationes” 13.166b.)]
III proper name, “Uranos”, son of Erebos and Gaia, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Theogonia” 127s q)].; but husband of Gaia, parent of Cronos and the Titans (compare Οὐρανίδης),[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 106, “Hymni Homerici” 30.17, compare 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 207. (Acc. to 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “de Mundo” 400a7, from ὅρος and ἄνω,compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Cratylus” 396c. This must be wrong, but the true etymology is doubtful.))]