Strong G1722ἐν
in/on/among
- Transliteration
- en
- Pronunciation
- en
- Morphology
- Greek Preposition
Definition
A primary preposition denoting (fixed) position (in place time or state) and (by implication) instrumentality (medially or constructively) that is a relation of rest (intermediate between G1519 and G1537);
in at (up-) on by etc.: - about after against + almost X altogether among X as at before between (here-) by (+ all means) for (. . . sake of) + give self wholly to (here-) in (-to -wardly) X mightily (because) of (up-) on [open-] ly X outwardly one X quickly X shortly [speedi-] ly X that X there (-in -on) through (-out) (un-) to(-ward) under when where (-with) while with (-in). Often used in compounds with substantially the same import; rarely with verbs of motion and then not to indicate direction except (elliptically) by a separate (and different) prep.
in at (up-) on by etc.: - about after against + almost X altogether among X as at before between (here-) by (+ all means) for (. . . sake of) + give self wholly to (here-) in (-to -wardly) X mightily (because) of (up-) on [open-] ly X outwardly one X quickly X shortly [speedi-] ly X that X there (-in -on) through (-out) (un-) to(-ward) under when where (-with) while with (-in). Often used in compounds with substantially the same import; rarely with verbs of motion and then not to indicate direction except (elliptically) by a separate (and different) prep.
Detailed definition
ἐν,
prep, (the most frequently of all in NT), with dative (= Heb. בְּ, Lat. in, with abl.).
I. Of place, with dative of thing(s), of person(s), in, within, on, at, by, among: ἐν τ. πόλει, Luk.7:37; τ. οφθαλμῷ, Mat.7:3; τ. κοιλίᾳ, Mat.12:40; τ. ὄρει, 2Pe.1:18; τ. θρόνῳ, Rev.3:21; τ. δεξιᾷ τ. θεοῦ, Rom.8:34; ἐν ἡμῖν Abbott-Smith has ὑμῖν., Luk.1:1; of books, ἐν τ. βιβλίῳ, Gal.3:10; τ. νόμῳ, Mat.12:5, al.; ἐν τοῖς τ. Πατρός, in my Father's house (RV; cf. M, Pr., 103), Luk.2:49; trop., of the region of thought or feeling, ἐν τ. καρδίᾳ (-αις), Mat.5:28, 2Co.4:6, al.; τ. συνειδήσεσιν, 2Co.5:11; after verbs of motion, instead of εἰς (constructio praegnans, a usage extended in late Gk. beyond the limits observed in cl.; cf. Bl., §41, 1; M, Th., 12), ἀποστέλλω... ἐν, Mat.10:16. δέδωκεν ἐν τ. χειρί (cf. τιθέναι ἐν χερσί, Hom., Il., i, 441, al.), Jhn.3:35; id. after verbs of coming and going (not in cl.), εἰσῆλθε, Luk.9:46; ἐξῆλθεν, Luk.7:17.
II. Of state, condition, form, occupation, etc.: ἐν ζωῇ, Rom.5:10; ἐν τ. θανάτῳ, 1Jn.3:14; ἐν πειρασμοῖς, 1Pe.1:6; ἐν εἰρήνῃ, Mrk.5:25; ἐν δόξῃ, Php.4:19; ἐν πραΰτητι, Jas.3:13; ἐν μυστηρίῳ, 1Co.2:7; ἐν τ. διδαχῇ, Mrk.4:2; of a part as contained in a whole, ἐν τ. ἀμπέλῳ, Jhn.15:4; ἐν ἑνὶ σώματι, Rom.12:4; of accompanying objects or persons (simple dative in cl.), with, ἐν αἵματι, Heb.9:25; ἐν δέκα χιλιάσιν, Luk.14:31 (cf. Ju 14, Act.7:14); similarly (cl.), of clothing, armour, arms, ἐν στολαῖς, Mrk.12:38; ἐν ἐσθῆτι λαμπρᾷ, Jas.2:2; ἐν μαξαίρῃ, Luk.22:49; ἐν ῥάβδῳ, 1Co.4:21 (cf. ἐν τόξοις, Xen., Mem., 3, 9, 2); of manner (cl.), ἐν τάχει (= ταχέως), Luk.18:8 (cf. Bl., §41, 1); of spiritual influence, ἐν πνεύματι, Rom.8:9; ἐν π. ἀκαθάρτῳ, Mrk.1:23; of the mystical relation of the Christian life and the believer himself, to God and Christ (cf. ICC, Ro., 160f.; Mayor on Ju 1; M, Pr., 103): ἐν Χριστῷ, Rom.3:24, 6:11, 1Co.3:1, 4:10, 2Co.12:2, Gal.2:17, Eph.6:21, Col.4:7, 1Th.4:16, al.
III. Of the agent, instrument or means (an extension of cl. ἐν of instr.—see LS, see word Ill—corresponding to similar use of Heb. בְּ), by, with: ἐν ὑμῖν κρίνεται ὁ κόσμος (= cl. παρά, C. dative), 1Co.6:2; ἐν τ. ἄρχοντι τ. δαιμονίων, Mat.9:34; ἐν αἵματι, Heb.9:22; ἐν ὕδατι, Mat.3:11, al.; ἐν μαχαίρᾳ ἀποκτενεῖ (cf. the absol. ἐν μ., ἐν ῥάβδῳ, supr., II, which some would classify here), Rev.13:10 (cf. 6:8). Allied to this usage and distinctly Semitic are the following: ἠγόρασας... ἐν τ. αἵματι σου (cf. BDB, see word בְּ, III, 3), Rev.5:9; ὁμολογεῖν ἐν (= Aram. אודי בּ; cf. McNeile on Mt, I.with; M, Pr., 104), Mat.10:32, Luk.12:8; ὀμνύναι ἐν (= cl. accusative, so Jas.5:12), Mat.5:34, al.; also at the rate of, amounting to, Mrk.4:8 (WH; vv. ll., εἰς, ἒν), Act.7:14 (LXX).
IV. Of time,
__(a) in or during a period: ἐν τ. ἡμέρᾳ (νυκτί), Jhn.11:9, al.; ἐν σαββάτῳ, Mat.12:2, al.; ἐν τῷ μεταξύ, meanwhile, Jhn.4:31;
__(b) at the time of an event: ἐν τ. παρουσίᾳ, 1Co.15:23; ἐν τ. ἀναστάσει, Mat.22:28;
__(with) with art. inf.,
__(α) present (so sometimes in cl., but not as in NT = ἕως; V. M, Pr., 215), while: Mat.13:4, Mrk.6:48, Gal.4:18, al.;
__(β) aor., when, after: Luk.9:36, al.;
__(d) within (cl.): Mat.27:40,
V. In composition: (1) meaning: (a) with adjectives, it signifies usually the possession of a quality, as ἐνάλιος, ἐν́δοξος; (b) with verbs, continuance in (before ἐν) or motion into (before εἰς), as ἐμμένω, ἐμβαίνω. (ii) Assimilation: ἐν becomes ἐμ- before β, μ, π, φ, ψ; ἐγ- before γ, κ, ξ, χ; ἐλ- before λ. But in the older MSS of NT, followed by modern editions, assimilation is sometimes neglected, as in ἐνγράφω, ἐγκαινίζω, etc.
(AS)
prep, (the most frequently of all in NT), with dative (= Heb. בְּ, Lat. in, with abl.).
I. Of place, with dative of thing(s), of person(s), in, within, on, at, by, among: ἐν τ. πόλει, Luk.7:37; τ. οφθαλμῷ, Mat.7:3; τ. κοιλίᾳ, Mat.12:40; τ. ὄρει, 2Pe.1:18; τ. θρόνῳ, Rev.3:21; τ. δεξιᾷ τ. θεοῦ, Rom.8:34; ἐν ἡμῖν Abbott-Smith has ὑμῖν., Luk.1:1; of books, ἐν τ. βιβλίῳ, Gal.3:10; τ. νόμῳ, Mat.12:5, al.; ἐν τοῖς τ. Πατρός, in my Father's house (RV; cf. M, Pr., 103), Luk.2:49; trop., of the region of thought or feeling, ἐν τ. καρδίᾳ (-αις), Mat.5:28, 2Co.4:6, al.; τ. συνειδήσεσιν, 2Co.5:11; after verbs of motion, instead of εἰς (constructio praegnans, a usage extended in late Gk. beyond the limits observed in cl.; cf. Bl., §41, 1; M, Th., 12), ἀποστέλλω... ἐν, Mat.10:16. δέδωκεν ἐν τ. χειρί (cf. τιθέναι ἐν χερσί, Hom., Il., i, 441, al.), Jhn.3:35; id. after verbs of coming and going (not in cl.), εἰσῆλθε, Luk.9:46; ἐξῆλθεν, Luk.7:17.
II. Of state, condition, form, occupation, etc.: ἐν ζωῇ, Rom.5:10; ἐν τ. θανάτῳ, 1Jn.3:14; ἐν πειρασμοῖς, 1Pe.1:6; ἐν εἰρήνῃ, Mrk.5:25; ἐν δόξῃ, Php.4:19; ἐν πραΰτητι, Jas.3:13; ἐν μυστηρίῳ, 1Co.2:7; ἐν τ. διδαχῇ, Mrk.4:2; of a part as contained in a whole, ἐν τ. ἀμπέλῳ, Jhn.15:4; ἐν ἑνὶ σώματι, Rom.12:4; of accompanying objects or persons (simple dative in cl.), with, ἐν αἵματι, Heb.9:25; ἐν δέκα χιλιάσιν, Luk.14:31 (cf. Ju 14, Act.7:14); similarly (cl.), of clothing, armour, arms, ἐν στολαῖς, Mrk.12:38; ἐν ἐσθῆτι λαμπρᾷ, Jas.2:2; ἐν μαξαίρῃ, Luk.22:49; ἐν ῥάβδῳ, 1Co.4:21 (cf. ἐν τόξοις, Xen., Mem., 3, 9, 2); of manner (cl.), ἐν τάχει (= ταχέως), Luk.18:8 (cf. Bl., §41, 1); of spiritual influence, ἐν πνεύματι, Rom.8:9; ἐν π. ἀκαθάρτῳ, Mrk.1:23; of the mystical relation of the Christian life and the believer himself, to God and Christ (cf. ICC, Ro., 160f.; Mayor on Ju 1; M, Pr., 103): ἐν Χριστῷ, Rom.3:24, 6:11, 1Co.3:1, 4:10, 2Co.12:2, Gal.2:17, Eph.6:21, Col.4:7, 1Th.4:16, al.
III. Of the agent, instrument or means (an extension of cl. ἐν of instr.—see LS, see word Ill—corresponding to similar use of Heb. בְּ), by, with: ἐν ὑμῖν κρίνεται ὁ κόσμος (= cl. παρά, C. dative), 1Co.6:2; ἐν τ. ἄρχοντι τ. δαιμονίων, Mat.9:34; ἐν αἵματι, Heb.9:22; ἐν ὕδατι, Mat.3:11, al.; ἐν μαχαίρᾳ ἀποκτενεῖ (cf. the absol. ἐν μ., ἐν ῥάβδῳ, supr., II, which some would classify here), Rev.13:10 (cf. 6:8). Allied to this usage and distinctly Semitic are the following: ἠγόρασας... ἐν τ. αἵματι σου (cf. BDB, see word בְּ, III, 3), Rev.5:9; ὁμολογεῖν ἐν (= Aram. אודי בּ; cf. McNeile on Mt, I.with; M, Pr., 104), Mat.10:32, Luk.12:8; ὀμνύναι ἐν (= cl. accusative, so Jas.5:12), Mat.5:34, al.; also at the rate of, amounting to, Mrk.4:8 (WH; vv. ll., εἰς, ἒν), Act.7:14 (LXX).
IV. Of time,
__(a) in or during a period: ἐν τ. ἡμέρᾳ (νυκτί), Jhn.11:9, al.; ἐν σαββάτῳ, Mat.12:2, al.; ἐν τῷ μεταξύ, meanwhile, Jhn.4:31;
__(b) at the time of an event: ἐν τ. παρουσίᾳ, 1Co.15:23; ἐν τ. ἀναστάσει, Mat.22:28;
__(with) with art. inf.,
__(α) present (so sometimes in cl., but not as in NT = ἕως; V. M, Pr., 215), while: Mat.13:4, Mrk.6:48, Gal.4:18, al.;
__(β) aor., when, after: Luk.9:36, al.;
__(d) within (cl.): Mat.27:40,
V. In composition: (1) meaning: (a) with adjectives, it signifies usually the possession of a quality, as ἐνάλιος, ἐν́δοξος; (b) with verbs, continuance in (before ἐν) or motion into (before εἰς), as ἐμμένω, ἐμβαίνω. (ii) Assimilation: ἐν becomes ἐμ- before β, μ, π, φ, ψ; ἐγ- before γ, κ, ξ, χ; ἐλ- before λ. But in the older MSS of NT, followed by modern editions, assimilation is sometimes neglected, as in ἐνγράφω, ἐγκαινίζω, etc.
(AS)
In the Bible
Strong G1722 appears in 2,127 verses of the KJV.
Translated in the KJV by
- in1,503
- with127
- by113
- at106
- among103
- on43
- through37
- as20
- wherein19
- be17
- of16
- when16
First verses
- Matthew 1:18Now the birth of Jesus Christ was on this wise: When as his mother Mary was espoused to Joseph, before they came together, she was found with child of the Holy Ghost.
- Matthew 1:20But while he thought on these things, behold, the angel of the Lord appeared unto him in a dream, saying, Joseph, thou son of David, fear not to take unto thee Mary thy wife: for that which is conceived in her is of the Holy Ghost.
- Matthew 1:23Behold, a virgin shall be with child, and shall bring forth a son, and they shall call his name Emmanuel, which being interpreted is, God with us.
- Matthew 2:1Now when Jesus was born in Bethlehem of Judea in the days of Herod the king, behold, there came wise men from the east to Jerusalem,
- Matthew 2:2Saying, Where is he that is born King of the Jews? for we have seen his star in the east, and are come to worship him.
- Matthew 2:5And they said unto him, In Bethlehem of Judea: for thus it is written by the prophet,
- Matthew 2:6And thou Bethlehem, in the land of Juda, art not the least among the princes of Juda: for out of thee shall come a Governor, that shall rule my people Israel.
- Matthew 2:9When they had heard the king, they departed; and, lo, the star, which they saw in the east, went before them, till it came and stood over where the young child was.
- Matthew 2:16Then Herod, when he saw that he was mocked of the wise men, was exceeding wroth, and sent forth, and slew all the children that were in Bethlehem, and in all the coasts thereof, from two years old and under, according to the time which he had diligently enquired of the wise men.
- Matthew 2:18In Rama was there a voice heard, lamentation, and weeping, and great mourning, Rachel weeping for her children, and would not be comforted, because they are not.
- Matthew 2:19But when Herod was dead, behold, an angel of the Lord appeareth in a dream to Joseph in Egypt,
- Matthew 3:1In those days came John the Baptist, preaching in the wilderness of Judea,
- Matthew 3:3For this is he that was spoken of by the prophet Esaias, saying, The voice of one crying in the wilderness, Prepare ye the way of the Lord, make his paths straight.
- Matthew 3:6And were baptized of him in Jordan, confessing their sins.
- Matthew 3:9And think not to say within yourselves, We have Abraham to our father: for I say unto you, that God is able of these stones to raise up children unto Abraham.
- Matthew 3:11I indeed baptize you with water unto repentance: but he that cometh after me is mightier than I, whose shoes I am not worthy to bear: he shall baptize you with the Holy Ghost, and with fire:
- Matthew 3:12Whose fan is in his hand, and he will throughly purge his floor, and gather his wheat into the garner; but he will burn up the chaff with unquenchable fire.
- Matthew 3:17And lo a voice from heaven, saying, This is my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased.
- Matthew 4:13And leaving Nazareth, he came and dwelt in Capernaum, which is upon the sea coast, in the borders of Zabulon and Nephthalim:
- Matthew 4:16The people which sat in darkness saw great light; and to them which sat in the region and shadow of death light is sprung up.
Occurrences by book
Related words
Word family
- ἐκout fromG1537
- ἔννοιαthought/purposeG1771
- ἐμφανήςrevealedG1717
- ἐντρυφάωto revelG1792
- ἐνέδραplot/ambushG1747
- ἐννεύωto signifyG1770
- ἐμβάλλωto throw inG1685
- ἐμβλέπωto look into/uponG1689
- ἐμβάπτωto dip inG1686
- ἐνάλιοςmarineG1724
- ἐνωτίζομαιto listen toG1801
- ἐνάρχομαιto beginG1728
- ἐνθυμέομαιto reflect onG1760
- ἔνδικοςjustG1738
- ἐγκρατήςself-controlledG1468
- ἐμπνέωto breath intoG1709
- ἐνώπιονbeforeG1799
- ἐνδείκνυμιto showG1731
- ἐγγράφωto write inG1449
- ἐνίστημιbe presentG1764
- ἐγκαταλείπωto leave behindG1459
- ἐνευλογέομαιbe blessedG1757
- ἐμβατεύωto investigateG1687
- ἐνδυναμόωto strengthenG1743
Detailed Greek dictionary
ἐν,
poetry ἐνί, εἰν, εἰνί [Refs 8th c.BC+ ((8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 8.199, etc.))], forms used by Epic dialect and Lyric Poets as the metre requires, but only as falsa lectio in Trag., εἰν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 1241; εἰνί 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Heraclidae” 893: 4th c.AD(?): Arcadius Grammaticus and 5th c.AD: Cypria)] ἰν [Refs (“IG” 5(2).3.5, +others, “Inscription Cyprian dialect” 135.9 H., +others)]
__PREP. WITH DAT. AND ACC. Radical sense, in, into.
A WITH DAT.
A.I OF PLACE,
A.I.1 in, νήσῳ ἐν ἀμφιρύτῃ [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.50; ἐν δώμασ᾽ ἐμοῖσιν 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.221; ἐνὶ προθύροισιν 11.777; κοίλῃσ᾽ ἐνὶ νηυσί 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.27)]; with names of cities or islands, as ἐν Ἀθήνῃς, ἐν Τροίῃ, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.549, 162; ἡ ἐν Κερκύρᾳ ναυμαχία 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.57; ἡ ἐν Σαλαμῖνι μάχη 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 5.147 (but in _Attic dialect_ the _preposition_ is sometimes omitted, as with Ἐλευσῖνι, Μαραθῶνι)]; where ἐν is used, it = in the district of.., ὲν Ἐλευσῖνι [Refs (“IG” 22.1028.11, ἐμ Μαραθῶνι [prev. work]1243.21): ἐν χερσὶν ἐμῇσι)] in my arms, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 22.426; ἐνὶ θυμῷ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 16.331, etc.)]; ἐν αὑτῷ εἶναι to be in one's senses, be oneself, ἔτ᾽ ἐν σαυτῷ (variant -τοῦ) γενοῦ [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 950; also ἐν αὑτοῦ, compare signification 2.)]
A.I.1.b ἐν τοῖς ἰχθύσιν in the fish-market, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Antiphanes Comicus 125; ἐν τῷ μύρῳ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 1375)]; so ἐν τοῖν δυοῖν ὀβολοῖν ἐθεώρουν ἄν in the two-obol seats, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.28.)]
A.I.2 elliptic, in such phrases as ἐν Ἀλκινόοιο [NT+8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 7.132, compare “Leg.Gort.” 2.21, etc.; εἰν Ἀΐδαο 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 22.389, _Attic dialect_ ἐν Ἅιδου (see. Ἅιδης): later ἐν τοῖς τινός “PRev.Laws” 38.1 (3rd c.BC), NT.Luke.2.49; ἐν ἡμετέρου 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.35, 7.8. δ; ἐμ Πανδίονος “IG” 22.1138.8; ἐν Δημοτιωνιδῶν [prev. work]2.841b21; ἐν τῶν πόλεων [prev. work] 12.56.14: mostly with _proper name_, but sometimes with Appellatives, as, ἐν ἀφνειοῦ πατρός 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.47; ἐν ἀνδρὸς εὐσεβεστάτου 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Aulidensis” 926)]; ἐν παιδοτρίβου, ἐν κιθαριστοῦ, at the school of.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 973, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 206a)]; ἐν γειτόνων (see. γείτων) ἐν αὑτοῦ (αὑτῷ codex Rav.) [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 642, compare 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus “Σαμία” 125; οὐκέτ᾽ ἐν ἐμαυτοῦ ἦν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Charmides” 155d; ἐν ὑμῶν αὐτῶν γένεσθε 4th c.AD: Libanius Sophista “Orationes” 35.15.)]
A.I.3 in, within, surrounded by, οὐρανὸς ἐν αἰθέρι καὶ νεφέλῃσι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.192; after 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, of clothing, armour, etc., ἐν ἐσθῆτι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.159; ἐν πεπλώματι 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 613; ἐν ἔντεσι 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 4.24)]; ἐν ὅπλοισι in or under arms, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.13, etc.)]; also of particular kinds of arms, ἐν τόξοις, ἀκοντίοις, etc., equipped with them, uncertain in [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 3.9.2; ἐν μαχαίρῃ “PTeb.” 16.14 (2nd c.BC))]; ἐν μεγάλοις φορτίοις βαδίζειν καὶ τρέχειν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 2.3.14; ἐν βαθεῖ πώγωνι 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Salt.” 5.)]
A.I.4 on, at or by, ἐν ποταμῷ [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 18.521, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.466; ἐν ὄρεσσιν 19.205; οὔρεος ἐν κορυφῇς 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.456; ἐν θρόνοις 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.422)]; νευρὴ ἐν τόξῳ the string on the bow, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.463; ἐν [ξίφει] ἧλοι 11.29)]; κατεκλάσθη ἐνὶ καυλῷ ἔγχος was broken off at or by the shaft,[Refs 5th c.BC+ (13.608; ἐν πέτροισι πέτρον ἐκτρίβων 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 296)]; ἐν οἴνῳ at wine, probably in [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Callimachus Epicus “Epigrammata” 23, 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Dem.Enc.” 15.)]
A.I.5 in the number of, amongst, frequently in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, ἐν Δαναοῖσι, προμάχοισι, μέσσοισιν, νεκύεσσι, 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.109, 3.31, 7.384, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 12.383, +others; οἴη ἐν ἀθανάτοισιν 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.398)]; and with Verbs of ruling, ἐν δ᾽ ἄρα τοῖσιν ἦρχ᾽ [Refs 8th c.BC+ (13.689; ἀνδράσιν ἐν πολλοῖσι.. ἀνάσσων 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.110; φῦλον ἐν ἀνθρώποισι ματαιότατον 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 3.21; ἐν τοῖς οἰκείοισιν ἀνὴρ χρηστός 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 661; ἐν γυναιξὶν ἄλκιμος 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Orestes” 754:)] —for ἐν τοῖς with _superlative_, V. ὁ.
A.I.5.b in the presence of, ἐν πᾶσι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.194; πτωχὸς ὢν ἐν ἐσθλοῖσιν λέγειν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Fragmenta” 703; λέγοντες ἐν τῷ δήμῳ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 565b; μακρηγορεῖν ἐν εἰδόσι 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.36; ἔλεγον ἐν τοῖς τριάκοντα 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 12.6; ἐν τοῖς ὄχλοις εἰπεῖν 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 3.21)]; λέγειν ἐν ἀνδράσιν (of a woman) [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 32.11)]; of a trial, διαγωνίζεσθαι, διαδικάζεσθαι ἔν τισι, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 464d, “Lg.” 916b; προὐκαλούμην ἐν τοῖς αὐτοῖς δικασταῖς 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 6.23.)]
A.I.6 in one's hands, within one's reach or power, νίκης πείρατ᾽ ἔχονται ἐν ἀθανάτοισι θεοῖσι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.102; δύναμις γὰρ ἐν ὑμῖν 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 10.69 (comparative the Homeric phrases θεῶν ἐν γούνασι κεῖται 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 17.514; ἐν γὰρ χερσὶ τέλος πολέμου 16.630); frequently in 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus and _Attic dialect_, ἔστιν ἔν τινι)], with infinitive, it depends on him to.., rests with him to.., ἔστιν ἐν σοὶ ἢ.. ἤ.. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 6.109, compare 3.85, etc.; ταῦτα δ᾽ ἐν τῷ δαίμονι καὶ τῇδε φῦναι χἁτέρᾳ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 1443; ἐν σοὶ γάρ ἐσμεν [prev. author] “OT” 314; ἐν σοὶ δ᾽ ἐσμὲν καὶ ζῆν καὶ μή 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Alcestis” 278; ἐν ταῖς ναυσὶ τῶν Ἑλλήνων τὰ πράγματα ἐγένετο 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.74; ἐν τῷ θεῷ τὸ τέλος ἦν, οὐκ ἐμοί 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.193)]; also ἐν τούτῳ εἰσὶν πᾶσαι αἱ ἀποδείξεις depend on this, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 354e; ἐν τούτῳ λύεται ἡ ἀπορία ἢ ἄλλοθι οὐδαμοῦ [prev. work] 321e)]; ἔν γ᾽ ἐμοί so far as rests with me, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 153 (Lyric poetry); ἐν δὲ σοὶ λελείψομαι 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hippolytus” 324)]; also ἐν ἐμοί in my judgement, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 1214 (Lyric poetry))]; ἐν θεοῖς καλά in the eyes of the gods, [Refs ([prev. author] “Ant.” 925.)]
A.I.7 in respect of, ἐν πάντεσσ᾽ ἔργοισι δαήμονα φῶτα [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.671)]; ἐν γήρᾳ σύμμετρός τινι in point of age.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1112)]; ἐν ἐμοὶ θρασύς in my case, towards me, [Refs ([prev. author] “Aj.” 1315; ἐν θανοῦσιν ὑβριστής [prev. work] 1092)]; ἡ ἐν τοῖς ὅπλοις μάθησις [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Laches” 190d)]; also οὐδὲν δεινὸν μὴ ἐν ἐμοὶ στῇ stop with me, [Refs ([prev. author] “Ap.” 28b.)]
A.I.8 in a pregnant construction with Verbs of motion, into; implying both motion to and subsequent position in a place, ἐν κονίῃσι χαμαὶ πέσεν fell [to the dust and lay] in it, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.482, etc.; βάλον ἐν κονίῃσι 5.588; νηῒ δ᾽ ἐνὶ πρύμνῃ ἔναρα θῆκ᾽ 10.570; ἐν χερσὶ τιθέναι 1.441, etc.; ἐν χερσὶ βαλεῖν 5.574)]; ἐν στήθεσσι μένος βαλεῖν[Refs 8th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 513; ἐν Τρωσὶν ὄρουσαν 16.258; ἐν χερσὶ πεσέειν 6.81; λέων ἐν βουσὶ θορών 5.161; ἐν δ᾽ οἶνον ἔχευεν ἐν δέπαϊ χρυσέῳ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 20.261; ἐν τεύχεσσιν ἔδυνον 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.131)]: in Trag. and Attic dialect, ἐν ποίμναις πίτνων [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 184 (Lyric poetry), compare 374 (Lyric poetry))]; ἐν χωρίῳ ἐμπεπτωκώς [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.87; ἡ ἐν τῷ Σπειραίῳ τῶν νεῶν καταφυγή [prev. author] 8.11; ἐν τόπῳ καταπεφευγέναι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Sophista” 260c; ἐν ᾅδου διαπορευθείς [prev. author] “Lg.” 905b; ῥιπτοῦντες σφᾶς ἐν τῇ θαλάσσῃ 2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Anabasis” 1.19.4)]; later, with Verbs of coming and going, διαβάντες ἐν τῇ Σάμῳ [LXX+2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Pausanias Periegeta 7.4.3, cf. LXX.Tob.5.5, 2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Epicteti Dissertationes” 1.11.32, etc.: τὸν ἐν Σικελίᾳ πλοῦν)] is falsa lectio in [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 19.43 codices)]
A.I.9 πίνειν ἐν ποτηρίῳ to drink from a cup, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “DDeor.” 6.2; ἐν ἀργύρῳ πίνειν [prev. author] “Merc.Cond.” 26; ἐν μικροῖς 3rd c.AD(?): Diogenes Laertius 1.104.)]
A.I.10 ἄργυρος ἐν ἐκπώμασι silver in the form of plate, [Refs 1st c.AD+ (1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.260a)]; ἐμ φέρνῃ, ἐν θέματι, as a dowry, pledge, [Refs 1st c.BC+ (“PPetr.” 1p.37, “PTeb.” 120.125 (1st c.BC).)]
A.I.11 in citations, ἐν τοῦ σκήπτρου τῇ παραδόσει in the passage of the [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” describing this, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.9, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 147c, “Phlb.” 33b.)]
A.II OF STATE, CONDITION or POSITION:
A.II.1 of outward circumstances, ἐν πολέμῳ [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 10.553; ἐν δαιτί 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.259; ἐν καρὸς αἴσῃ 9.378; ἐν μοίρῃ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 22.54; οὑμὸς ἐν φάει βίος 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Phoenissae” 1281)]; ἐν γένει εἶναί τινι to be related to.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1016)]; of occupations, pursuits, ἐν φιλοσοφίᾳ εἶναι to be engaged in philosophy, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 59a, compare “R.” 489b)]; οἱ ἐν ποιήσι γενόμενοι poets, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.82)]; οἱ ἐν τοῖς πράγμασι ministers of state, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.28)]; οἱ ἐν τέλει the magistrates, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] 7.73, etc.; τοὺς ἐν ταῖς μοναρχίαις ὄντας 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 2.5; ὁ ἐν ταῖς προσόδοις “PPetr.” 1p.62)]; ὁ μάντις ἦν ἐν τῇ τέχνῃ in the practice of it, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 562.)]
A.II.2 of inward states, of feeling, etc., ἐν φιλότητι, ἐν δοιῇ, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.302, 9.230; ἐν φόβῳ γενέσθαι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 578e; οὐκ ἐν αἰσχύνῃ τὰ σά 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Phoenissae” 1276; ἐν σιωπῇ τἀμά [prev. author] “Ion” 1397)]; ἐν ὀργῇ ἔχειν τινά to make him the object of one's anger, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.21; ἐν ἔριδι εἶναι [prev. passage]; ἐν αἰτίᾳ σχεῖν τινά)] to blame him, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.106; ἐν αἰτίᾳ βαλεῖν 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 656 (Lyric poetry))]; ἐν αἰτίᾳ εἶναι to have the blame, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 2.8.9, etc.; οἱ ἐν ταῖς αἰτίαις 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator “Epistulae” 2.14.)]
A.II.3 frequently with neuter adjective, ἐν βραχεῖ, ={βραχέως}, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 673)]; ἐν τάχει, ={ταχέως}, [Refs ([prev. author] “OT” 765, etc.)]; ἐν καλῷ ἐστί, ={καλῶς ἔχει}, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Heraclidae” 971)]; ἐν ἀσφαλεῖ [ἐστί] [Refs ([prev. author] “IT” 762)]; ἐν εὐμαρεῖ [ἐστί] [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] “Hel.” 1227; ἐν ἐλαφρῷ ποιήσασθαι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.154)]; ἐν ἴσῳ, ={ἴσως, ἐν ὁμοίῳ}, ={ὁμοίως}, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.53: less frequently in _plural_, ἐν ἀργοῖς, ={ἀργῶς}, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 287)]; ἐν κενοῖς, ={κενῶς}, [Refs ([prev. author] “Aj.” 971: with a)] substantive, ἐν δίκᾳ, ={δικαίως}, opposed to παρὰ δίκαν[Refs 5th c.BC+ (, 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 2.16, compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 1069, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 258, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 475c, +others; ἦσαν οὐκέτι ὁμοίως ἐν ἡδονῇ ἄρχοντες 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.99, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Epinomis” 977b.)]
A.III OF THE INSTRUMENT, MEANS or MANNER, ἐν πυρὶ πρήσαντες [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.429; δῆσαι ἐνὶ δεσμῷ 5.386, compare 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 12.54, etc.)]; but in most cases the originally sense may be traced, to put in the fire and burn, infetters and bind, etc.; so ἐν πόνοις δαμέντα [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 425 (Lyric poetry))]; ἔζευξα πρῶτος ἐν ζυγοῖσι κνώδαλα[Refs ([prev. work] 462; ἔργον ἐν κύβοις Ἄρης κρινεῖ [prev. author] “Th.” 414)]; also ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσιν or ἐν ὄμμασιν ὁρᾶσθαι, ἰδέσθαι, to see with or before one's eyes, i.e. have the object in one's eye, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 3.306, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 10.385, etc.; ἔν τε τῇ ὄψει διαγιγνώσκειν καὶ ἐν τῇ ἀκοῇ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 206a; also ἐν ὠσὶ νωμῶν ὄρνιθας 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 25)]; also ἐν λιταῖς by prayers, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 60)]; ἐν δόλῳ by deceit, [Refs ([prev. work] 102)]; ἐν λόγοις by words, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 613 (Lyric poetry); ἀπέκτειναν ἐν τῇ προφάσει ταύτῃ 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 13.12, compare 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 5.59; ψαύειν ἐν κερτομίοις γλώσσαις 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 961 (Lyric poetry); ἐν τοῖς ὁμοίοις νόμοις ποιήσαντες τὰς κρίσεις 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.77)]; especially with Verbs of showing, σημαίνειν ἐν ἱεροῖς καὶ οἰωνοῖς [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 8.7.3)]; τὰ πραχθέντα.. ἐν.. ἐπιστολαῖς ἴστε ye know by letters, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.11; ἐν τῇδε ῥάβδῳ πάντα ποιήσεις 2nd c.BC: Ezekiel Poeta Judaeus “Exagoge - Mnemosyne” 132, compare “PMag.Osl.” 1.108.)]
A.III.2 of a personal instrument, ἐν τῷ ἄρχοντι τῶν δαιμονίων ἐκβάλλει τὰ δαιμόνια [NT (NT.Matt.9.34.)]
A.IV OF TIME, ὥρῃ ἐν εἰαρινῇ [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 16.643; ἐν νυκτί 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 6.69, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Symposium” 1.9; ἐν χρόνῳ μακρῷ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 235, “OC” 88)]; ἐν τούτῳ (i.e. τῷ χρόνῶ) in this space of time, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.126, etc.)]; ἐν ᾧ (i.e. χρόνῳ) during the time that, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 929, etc. (also ἐν οἷς 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “de Mundo” 391a2); ἐν ὅσῳ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.28)]; ἐν ταῖς σπονδαῖς in the time of the truce, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 3.1.1; ἐν τῇ ἑορτῇ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.73 (but in some phrases the ἐν is omitted, as μυστηρίοις)] in the course of the mysteries, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Plutus” 1013)]; τραγῳδοῖς at the performance of.., [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 3.36).)]
A.IV.b ἐν ἄρχοντι Μητροδώρῳ during the archonship of M., [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (“IG” 7.1773 (Thebes, 2nd c.AD); ἐν ἄρχοντι Σύλλᾳ [prev. work]3.113.)]
A.IV.2 in, within, ἐν ἡμέρῃ [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.126; ἐν ἔτεσι πεντήκοντα 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.118; ἐν τρισὶ μησί 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 1.1.37, etc.)]; μυρίαις ἐν ἁμέραις in, i.e. after, countless days, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Phoenissae” 305 (Lyric poetry); ἐν ἡμέραις πολλαῖς νοσῆσαι 6th c.AD: Procopius Caesariensis Historicus “Historia Arcana” 9.35.)]
A.V OF NUMBERS generally, ἐν δυσὶ σταδίοις within two stadia, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 20.74, compare 19.39, uncertain in 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.1.)]
A.V.2 with genitive of price, ἐν δύο ταλάντων [LXX (LXX.1Ki.16.24.)]
A.V.3 amounting to, προῖκα ἐν δραχμαῖς ἐννακοσίαις [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (“BGU” 970.14 (2nd c.AD), etc.)]
B WITH Acc., into, on, for, [Refs 4th c.AD+ (4th c.AD(?): Arcadius Grammaticus ἰν, νόμος ἰν ἄματα πάντα “IG” 5 (2).5; γράψαι ἐν χάλκωμα [prev. work]511; ἐν πελτοφόρας ἀπεγράψατο [prev. work]7.210 (from Aegosthenae), etc.)]; also poetry, ἐν πάντα νόμον [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 2.86.)]
C WITHOUT CASE, AS adverb, in the phrase ἐν δέ..,
C.1 and therein, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.361; ἐν μέν.. ἐν δέ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 13.244.)]
C.2 and among them, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.588, etc.; in 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus, mostly ἐν δὲ δή.. 3.39, 5.95; or ἐν δὲ καί.. 2.43, 172, 176.)]
C.3 and besides, moreover (not in Attic dialect Prose), [Refs 8th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 675, “OT” 181 (Lyric poetry), +others; ἐν δ᾽ ὑπέρας τε κάλους τε πόδας τ᾽ ἐνέδησεν ἐν αὐτῇ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.260.)]
C.4 ἔνι, ={ἔνεστι, ἔνεισι}, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 20.248, etc.)]
D POSITION: ἐν frequently stands between its substantive and the adjective agreeing therewith, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 22.61, 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus 5.41, etc.)]: without an adjective, τῷ δ᾽ ἐν ἐρινεός ἐστι μέγας [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 12.103: most frequently in 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus in the form ἐνί, which is then written by anastrophe ἔνι, 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.221, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.57; in 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus)] between substantive and genitive, χόρτοις ἐν λέοντος [Refs (“O.” 13.44, +others)]--One or more independent words sometimes come between the preposition and its dative, as in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 11.115)]; also in Prose, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 6.69.)]
E IN COMPOSITION (joined with other words),
E.I with Verbs, the preposition mostly retains its sense of being in or at a place, etc., with dative, or followed by εἰς.., or ἐν..: in such forms as ἐνορᾶν τινί τι, in translating, we resolve the compound, to remark a thing in one.
E.I.b also, at a person, ἐγγελᾶν, ἐνυβρίζειν τινί.
E.I.2 with adjectives, it expresses
E.I.2.a a modified degree, as in ἔμπηλος, ἔμπικρος, ἔνσιμος, rather...
E.I.2.b the possession of a quality, as in ἔναιμος with blood in it, ἐνάκανθος thorny: ἔμφωνος with a voice: ἔννομος in accordance with law, etc.
E.II ἐν becomes ἐμ- before the labials β μ π φ ; ἐγ- before the gutturals γ κ ξ ; ἐλ- before ; ἐρ- before ; rarely ἐσ- before ; but Inscrr. and Papyri often preserve ἐν- in all these cases.
poetry ἐνί, εἰν, εἰνί [Refs 8th c.BC+ ((8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 8.199, etc.))], forms used by Epic dialect and Lyric Poets as the metre requires, but only as falsa lectio in Trag., εἰν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 1241; εἰνί 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Heraclidae” 893: 4th c.AD(?): Arcadius Grammaticus and 5th c.AD: Cypria)] ἰν [Refs (“IG” 5(2).3.5, +others, “Inscription Cyprian dialect” 135.9 H., +others)]
__PREP. WITH DAT. AND ACC. Radical sense, in, into.
A WITH DAT.
A.I OF PLACE,
A.I.1 in, νήσῳ ἐν ἀμφιρύτῃ [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.50; ἐν δώμασ᾽ ἐμοῖσιν 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.221; ἐνὶ προθύροισιν 11.777; κοίλῃσ᾽ ἐνὶ νηυσί 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.27)]; with names of cities or islands, as ἐν Ἀθήνῃς, ἐν Τροίῃ, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.549, 162; ἡ ἐν Κερκύρᾳ ναυμαχία 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.57; ἡ ἐν Σαλαμῖνι μάχη 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 5.147 (but in _Attic dialect_ the _preposition_ is sometimes omitted, as with Ἐλευσῖνι, Μαραθῶνι)]; where ἐν is used, it = in the district of.., ὲν Ἐλευσῖνι [Refs (“IG” 22.1028.11, ἐμ Μαραθῶνι [prev. work]1243.21): ἐν χερσὶν ἐμῇσι)] in my arms, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 22.426; ἐνὶ θυμῷ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 16.331, etc.)]; ἐν αὑτῷ εἶναι to be in one's senses, be oneself, ἔτ᾽ ἐν σαυτῷ (variant -τοῦ) γενοῦ [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 950; also ἐν αὑτοῦ, compare signification 2.)]
A.I.1.b ἐν τοῖς ἰχθύσιν in the fish-market, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Antiphanes Comicus 125; ἐν τῷ μύρῳ 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 1375)]; so ἐν τοῖν δυοῖν ὀβολοῖν ἐθεώρουν ἄν in the two-obol seats, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.28.)]
A.I.2 elliptic, in such phrases as ἐν Ἀλκινόοιο [NT+8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 7.132, compare “Leg.Gort.” 2.21, etc.; εἰν Ἀΐδαο 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 22.389, _Attic dialect_ ἐν Ἅιδου (see. Ἅιδης): later ἐν τοῖς τινός “PRev.Laws” 38.1 (3rd c.BC), NT.Luke.2.49; ἐν ἡμετέρου 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.35, 7.8. δ; ἐμ Πανδίονος “IG” 22.1138.8; ἐν Δημοτιωνιδῶν [prev. work]2.841b21; ἐν τῶν πόλεων [prev. work] 12.56.14: mostly with _proper name_, but sometimes with Appellatives, as, ἐν ἀφνειοῦ πατρός 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.47; ἐν ἀνδρὸς εὐσεβεστάτου 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Aulidensis” 926)]; ἐν παιδοτρίβου, ἐν κιθαριστοῦ, at the school of.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 973, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 206a)]; ἐν γειτόνων (see. γείτων) ἐν αὑτοῦ (αὑτῷ codex Rav.) [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 642, compare 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus “Σαμία” 125; οὐκέτ᾽ ἐν ἐμαυτοῦ ἦν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Charmides” 155d; ἐν ὑμῶν αὐτῶν γένεσθε 4th c.AD: Libanius Sophista “Orationes” 35.15.)]
A.I.3 in, within, surrounded by, οὐρανὸς ἐν αἰθέρι καὶ νεφέλῃσι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.192; after 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, of clothing, armour, etc., ἐν ἐσθῆτι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.159; ἐν πεπλώματι 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 613; ἐν ἔντεσι 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 4.24)]; ἐν ὅπλοισι in or under arms, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.13, etc.)]; also of particular kinds of arms, ἐν τόξοις, ἀκοντίοις, etc., equipped with them, uncertain in [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 3.9.2; ἐν μαχαίρῃ “PTeb.” 16.14 (2nd c.BC))]; ἐν μεγάλοις φορτίοις βαδίζειν καὶ τρέχειν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 2.3.14; ἐν βαθεῖ πώγωνι 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Salt.” 5.)]
A.I.4 on, at or by, ἐν ποταμῷ [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 18.521, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.466; ἐν ὄρεσσιν 19.205; οὔρεος ἐν κορυφῇς 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.456; ἐν θρόνοις 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.422)]; νευρὴ ἐν τόξῳ the string on the bow, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.463; ἐν [ξίφει] ἧλοι 11.29)]; κατεκλάσθη ἐνὶ καυλῷ ἔγχος was broken off at or by the shaft,[Refs 5th c.BC+ (13.608; ἐν πέτροισι πέτρον ἐκτρίβων 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 296)]; ἐν οἴνῳ at wine, probably in [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Callimachus Epicus “Epigrammata” 23, 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Dem.Enc.” 15.)]
A.I.5 in the number of, amongst, frequently in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, ἐν Δαναοῖσι, προμάχοισι, μέσσοισιν, νεκύεσσι, 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.109, 3.31, 7.384, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 12.383, +others; οἴη ἐν ἀθανάτοισιν 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.398)]; and with Verbs of ruling, ἐν δ᾽ ἄρα τοῖσιν ἦρχ᾽ [Refs 8th c.BC+ (13.689; ἀνδράσιν ἐν πολλοῖσι.. ἀνάσσων 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.110; φῦλον ἐν ἀνθρώποισι ματαιότατον 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 3.21; ἐν τοῖς οἰκείοισιν ἀνὴρ χρηστός 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 661; ἐν γυναιξὶν ἄλκιμος 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Orestes” 754:)] —for ἐν τοῖς with _superlative_, V. ὁ.
A.I.5.b in the presence of, ἐν πᾶσι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.194; πτωχὸς ὢν ἐν ἐσθλοῖσιν λέγειν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Fragmenta” 703; λέγοντες ἐν τῷ δήμῳ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 565b; μακρηγορεῖν ἐν εἰδόσι 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.36; ἔλεγον ἐν τοῖς τριάκοντα 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 12.6; ἐν τοῖς ὄχλοις εἰπεῖν 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 3.21)]; λέγειν ἐν ἀνδράσιν (of a woman) [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 32.11)]; of a trial, διαγωνίζεσθαι, διαδικάζεσθαι ἔν τισι, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 464d, “Lg.” 916b; προὐκαλούμην ἐν τοῖς αὐτοῖς δικασταῖς 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 6.23.)]
A.I.6 in one's hands, within one's reach or power, νίκης πείρατ᾽ ἔχονται ἐν ἀθανάτοισι θεοῖσι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.102; δύναμις γὰρ ἐν ὑμῖν 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 10.69 (comparative the Homeric phrases θεῶν ἐν γούνασι κεῖται 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 17.514; ἐν γὰρ χερσὶ τέλος πολέμου 16.630); frequently in 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus and _Attic dialect_, ἔστιν ἔν τινι)], with infinitive, it depends on him to.., rests with him to.., ἔστιν ἐν σοὶ ἢ.. ἤ.. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 6.109, compare 3.85, etc.; ταῦτα δ᾽ ἐν τῷ δαίμονι καὶ τῇδε φῦναι χἁτέρᾳ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 1443; ἐν σοὶ γάρ ἐσμεν [prev. author] “OT” 314; ἐν σοὶ δ᾽ ἐσμὲν καὶ ζῆν καὶ μή 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Alcestis” 278; ἐν ταῖς ναυσὶ τῶν Ἑλλήνων τὰ πράγματα ἐγένετο 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.74; ἐν τῷ θεῷ τὸ τέλος ἦν, οὐκ ἐμοί 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.193)]; also ἐν τούτῳ εἰσὶν πᾶσαι αἱ ἀποδείξεις depend on this, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 354e; ἐν τούτῳ λύεται ἡ ἀπορία ἢ ἄλλοθι οὐδαμοῦ [prev. work] 321e)]; ἔν γ᾽ ἐμοί so far as rests with me, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 153 (Lyric poetry); ἐν δὲ σοὶ λελείψομαι 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hippolytus” 324)]; also ἐν ἐμοί in my judgement, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 1214 (Lyric poetry))]; ἐν θεοῖς καλά in the eyes of the gods, [Refs ([prev. author] “Ant.” 925.)]
A.I.7 in respect of, ἐν πάντεσσ᾽ ἔργοισι δαήμονα φῶτα [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.671)]; ἐν γήρᾳ σύμμετρός τινι in point of age.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1112)]; ἐν ἐμοὶ θρασύς in my case, towards me, [Refs ([prev. author] “Aj.” 1315; ἐν θανοῦσιν ὑβριστής [prev. work] 1092)]; ἡ ἐν τοῖς ὅπλοις μάθησις [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Laches” 190d)]; also οὐδὲν δεινὸν μὴ ἐν ἐμοὶ στῇ stop with me, [Refs ([prev. author] “Ap.” 28b.)]
A.I.8 in a pregnant construction with Verbs of motion, into; implying both motion to and subsequent position in a place, ἐν κονίῃσι χαμαὶ πέσεν fell [to the dust and lay] in it, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.482, etc.; βάλον ἐν κονίῃσι 5.588; νηῒ δ᾽ ἐνὶ πρύμνῃ ἔναρα θῆκ᾽ 10.570; ἐν χερσὶ τιθέναι 1.441, etc.; ἐν χερσὶ βαλεῖν 5.574)]; ἐν στήθεσσι μένος βαλεῖν[Refs 8th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 513; ἐν Τρωσὶν ὄρουσαν 16.258; ἐν χερσὶ πεσέειν 6.81; λέων ἐν βουσὶ θορών 5.161; ἐν δ᾽ οἶνον ἔχευεν ἐν δέπαϊ χρυσέῳ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 20.261; ἐν τεύχεσσιν ἔδυνον 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.131)]: in Trag. and Attic dialect, ἐν ποίμναις πίτνων [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 184 (Lyric poetry), compare 374 (Lyric poetry))]; ἐν χωρίῳ ἐμπεπτωκώς [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.87; ἡ ἐν τῷ Σπειραίῳ τῶν νεῶν καταφυγή [prev. author] 8.11; ἐν τόπῳ καταπεφευγέναι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Sophista” 260c; ἐν ᾅδου διαπορευθείς [prev. author] “Lg.” 905b; ῥιπτοῦντες σφᾶς ἐν τῇ θαλάσσῃ 2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Anabasis” 1.19.4)]; later, with Verbs of coming and going, διαβάντες ἐν τῇ Σάμῳ [LXX+2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Pausanias Periegeta 7.4.3, cf. LXX.Tob.5.5, 2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Epicteti Dissertationes” 1.11.32, etc.: τὸν ἐν Σικελίᾳ πλοῦν)] is falsa lectio in [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 19.43 codices)]
A.I.9 πίνειν ἐν ποτηρίῳ to drink from a cup, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “DDeor.” 6.2; ἐν ἀργύρῳ πίνειν [prev. author] “Merc.Cond.” 26; ἐν μικροῖς 3rd c.AD(?): Diogenes Laertius 1.104.)]
A.I.10 ἄργυρος ἐν ἐκπώμασι silver in the form of plate, [Refs 1st c.AD+ (1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.260a)]; ἐμ φέρνῃ, ἐν θέματι, as a dowry, pledge, [Refs 1st c.BC+ (“PPetr.” 1p.37, “PTeb.” 120.125 (1st c.BC).)]
A.I.11 in citations, ἐν τοῦ σκήπτρου τῇ παραδόσει in the passage of the [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” describing this, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.9, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 147c, “Phlb.” 33b.)]
A.II OF STATE, CONDITION or POSITION:
A.II.1 of outward circumstances, ἐν πολέμῳ [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 10.553; ἐν δαιτί 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.259; ἐν καρὸς αἴσῃ 9.378; ἐν μοίρῃ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 22.54; οὑμὸς ἐν φάει βίος 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Phoenissae” 1281)]; ἐν γένει εἶναί τινι to be related to.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1016)]; of occupations, pursuits, ἐν φιλοσοφίᾳ εἶναι to be engaged in philosophy, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 59a, compare “R.” 489b)]; οἱ ἐν ποιήσι γενόμενοι poets, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.82)]; οἱ ἐν τοῖς πράγμασι ministers of state, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.28)]; οἱ ἐν τέλει the magistrates, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] 7.73, etc.; τοὺς ἐν ταῖς μοναρχίαις ὄντας 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 2.5; ὁ ἐν ταῖς προσόδοις “PPetr.” 1p.62)]; ὁ μάντις ἦν ἐν τῇ τέχνῃ in the practice of it, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 562.)]
A.II.2 of inward states, of feeling, etc., ἐν φιλότητι, ἐν δοιῇ, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.302, 9.230; ἐν φόβῳ γενέσθαι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 578e; οὐκ ἐν αἰσχύνῃ τὰ σά 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Phoenissae” 1276; ἐν σιωπῇ τἀμά [prev. author] “Ion” 1397)]; ἐν ὀργῇ ἔχειν τινά to make him the object of one's anger, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.21; ἐν ἔριδι εἶναι [prev. passage]; ἐν αἰτίᾳ σχεῖν τινά)] to blame him, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.106; ἐν αἰτίᾳ βαλεῖν 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 656 (Lyric poetry))]; ἐν αἰτίᾳ εἶναι to have the blame, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 2.8.9, etc.; οἱ ἐν ταῖς αἰτίαις 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator “Epistulae” 2.14.)]
A.II.3 frequently with neuter adjective, ἐν βραχεῖ, ={βραχέως}, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 673)]; ἐν τάχει, ={ταχέως}, [Refs ([prev. author] “OT” 765, etc.)]; ἐν καλῷ ἐστί, ={καλῶς ἔχει}, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Heraclidae” 971)]; ἐν ἀσφαλεῖ [ἐστί] [Refs ([prev. author] “IT” 762)]; ἐν εὐμαρεῖ [ἐστί] [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] “Hel.” 1227; ἐν ἐλαφρῷ ποιήσασθαι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.154)]; ἐν ἴσῳ, ={ἴσως, ἐν ὁμοίῳ}, ={ὁμοίως}, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.53: less frequently in _plural_, ἐν ἀργοῖς, ={ἀργῶς}, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 287)]; ἐν κενοῖς, ={κενῶς}, [Refs ([prev. author] “Aj.” 971: with a)] substantive, ἐν δίκᾳ, ={δικαίως}, opposed to παρὰ δίκαν[Refs 5th c.BC+ (, 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 2.16, compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 1069, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 258, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 475c, +others; ἦσαν οὐκέτι ὁμοίως ἐν ἡδονῇ ἄρχοντες 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.99, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Epinomis” 977b.)]
A.III OF THE INSTRUMENT, MEANS or MANNER, ἐν πυρὶ πρήσαντες [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.429; δῆσαι ἐνὶ δεσμῷ 5.386, compare 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 12.54, etc.)]; but in most cases the originally sense may be traced, to put in the fire and burn, infetters and bind, etc.; so ἐν πόνοις δαμέντα [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 425 (Lyric poetry))]; ἔζευξα πρῶτος ἐν ζυγοῖσι κνώδαλα[Refs ([prev. work] 462; ἔργον ἐν κύβοις Ἄρης κρινεῖ [prev. author] “Th.” 414)]; also ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσιν or ἐν ὄμμασιν ὁρᾶσθαι, ἰδέσθαι, to see with or before one's eyes, i.e. have the object in one's eye, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 3.306, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 10.385, etc.; ἔν τε τῇ ὄψει διαγιγνώσκειν καὶ ἐν τῇ ἀκοῇ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 206a; also ἐν ὠσὶ νωμῶν ὄρνιθας 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 25)]; also ἐν λιταῖς by prayers, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 60)]; ἐν δόλῳ by deceit, [Refs ([prev. work] 102)]; ἐν λόγοις by words, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 613 (Lyric poetry); ἀπέκτειναν ἐν τῇ προφάσει ταύτῃ 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 13.12, compare 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 5.59; ψαύειν ἐν κερτομίοις γλώσσαις 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 961 (Lyric poetry); ἐν τοῖς ὁμοίοις νόμοις ποιήσαντες τὰς κρίσεις 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.77)]; especially with Verbs of showing, σημαίνειν ἐν ἱεροῖς καὶ οἰωνοῖς [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 8.7.3)]; τὰ πραχθέντα.. ἐν.. ἐπιστολαῖς ἴστε ye know by letters, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.11; ἐν τῇδε ῥάβδῳ πάντα ποιήσεις 2nd c.BC: Ezekiel Poeta Judaeus “Exagoge - Mnemosyne” 132, compare “PMag.Osl.” 1.108.)]
A.III.2 of a personal instrument, ἐν τῷ ἄρχοντι τῶν δαιμονίων ἐκβάλλει τὰ δαιμόνια [NT (NT.Matt.9.34.)]
A.IV OF TIME, ὥρῃ ἐν εἰαρινῇ [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 16.643; ἐν νυκτί 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 6.69, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Symposium” 1.9; ἐν χρόνῳ μακρῷ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 235, “OC” 88)]; ἐν τούτῳ (i.e. τῷ χρόνῶ) in this space of time, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.126, etc.)]; ἐν ᾧ (i.e. χρόνῳ) during the time that, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 929, etc. (also ἐν οἷς 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “de Mundo” 391a2); ἐν ὅσῳ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.28)]; ἐν ταῖς σπονδαῖς in the time of the truce, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 3.1.1; ἐν τῇ ἑορτῇ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.73 (but in some phrases the ἐν is omitted, as μυστηρίοις)] in the course of the mysteries, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Plutus” 1013)]; τραγῳδοῖς at the performance of.., [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 3.36).)]
A.IV.b ἐν ἄρχοντι Μητροδώρῳ during the archonship of M., [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (“IG” 7.1773 (Thebes, 2nd c.AD); ἐν ἄρχοντι Σύλλᾳ [prev. work]3.113.)]
A.IV.2 in, within, ἐν ἡμέρῃ [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.126; ἐν ἔτεσι πεντήκοντα 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.118; ἐν τρισὶ μησί 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 1.1.37, etc.)]; μυρίαις ἐν ἁμέραις in, i.e. after, countless days, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Phoenissae” 305 (Lyric poetry); ἐν ἡμέραις πολλαῖς νοσῆσαι 6th c.AD: Procopius Caesariensis Historicus “Historia Arcana” 9.35.)]
A.V OF NUMBERS generally, ἐν δυσὶ σταδίοις within two stadia, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 20.74, compare 19.39, uncertain in 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.1.)]
A.V.2 with genitive of price, ἐν δύο ταλάντων [LXX (LXX.1Ki.16.24.)]
A.V.3 amounting to, προῖκα ἐν δραχμαῖς ἐννακοσίαις [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (“BGU” 970.14 (2nd c.AD), etc.)]
B WITH Acc., into, on, for, [Refs 4th c.AD+ (4th c.AD(?): Arcadius Grammaticus ἰν, νόμος ἰν ἄματα πάντα “IG” 5 (2).5; γράψαι ἐν χάλκωμα [prev. work]511; ἐν πελτοφόρας ἀπεγράψατο [prev. work]7.210 (from Aegosthenae), etc.)]; also poetry, ἐν πάντα νόμον [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 2.86.)]
C WITHOUT CASE, AS adverb, in the phrase ἐν δέ..,
C.1 and therein, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.361; ἐν μέν.. ἐν δέ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 13.244.)]
C.2 and among them, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.588, etc.; in 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus, mostly ἐν δὲ δή.. 3.39, 5.95; or ἐν δὲ καί.. 2.43, 172, 176.)]
C.3 and besides, moreover (not in Attic dialect Prose), [Refs 8th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 675, “OT” 181 (Lyric poetry), +others; ἐν δ᾽ ὑπέρας τε κάλους τε πόδας τ᾽ ἐνέδησεν ἐν αὐτῇ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.260.)]
C.4 ἔνι, ={ἔνεστι, ἔνεισι}, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 20.248, etc.)]
D POSITION: ἐν frequently stands between its substantive and the adjective agreeing therewith, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 22.61, 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus 5.41, etc.)]: without an adjective, τῷ δ᾽ ἐν ἐρινεός ἐστι μέγας [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 12.103: most frequently in 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus in the form ἐνί, which is then written by anastrophe ἔνι, 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.221, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.57; in 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus)] between substantive and genitive, χόρτοις ἐν λέοντος [Refs (“O.” 13.44, +others)]--One or more independent words sometimes come between the preposition and its dative, as in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 11.115)]; also in Prose, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 6.69.)]
E IN COMPOSITION (joined with other words),
E.I with Verbs, the preposition mostly retains its sense of being in or at a place, etc., with dative, or followed by εἰς.., or ἐν..: in such forms as ἐνορᾶν τινί τι, in translating, we resolve the compound, to remark a thing in one.
E.I.b also, at a person, ἐγγελᾶν, ἐνυβρίζειν τινί.
E.I.2 with adjectives, it expresses
E.I.2.a a modified degree, as in ἔμπηλος, ἔμπικρος, ἔνσιμος, rather...
E.I.2.b the possession of a quality, as in ἔναιμος with blood in it, ἐνάκανθος thorny: ἔμφωνος with a voice: ἔννομος in accordance with law, etc.
E.II ἐν becomes ἐμ- before the labials β μ π φ ; ἐγ- before the gutturals γ κ ξ ; ἐλ- before ; ἐρ- before ; rarely ἐσ- before ; but Inscrr. and Papyri often preserve ἐν- in all these cases.