Berean Standard Bible

Exodus 22

1“Ifכִּ֤יkiH3588a manאִישׁ֙'ishH376stealsיִגְנֹֽב־yig.nov-H1589an oxשׁ֣וֹרShorH7794orאוֹ־'ov-H176a sheepשֶׂ֔הSehH7716and slaughtersוּטְבָח֖וֹu.te.va.ChoH2873orא֣וֹ'oH176sells itמְכָר֑וֹme.kha.RoH4376,he must repayיְשַׁלֵּם֙ye.sha.LemH7999fiveחֲמִשָּׁ֣הcha.mi.ShahH2568oxenבָקָ֗רva.KarH1241forH8478an oxהַשּׁ֔וֹרha.ShorH7794and fourוְאַרְבַּע־ve.'ar.ba'-H702sheepהַשֶּֽׂה׃ha.SehH7716for a sheepצֹ֖אןtzonH6629.

2IfH518a thiefהַגַּנָּ֖בha.ga.NavH1590is caughtיִמָּצֵ֥אyi.ma.Tze'H4672breaking inבַּמַּחְתֶּ֛רֶתba.mach.Te.retH4290and is beatenוְהֻכָּ֣הve.hu.KahH5221to deathוָמֵ֑תva.MetH4191,no oneH369shall be guilty of bloodshedH1818.

3But ifH518it happens after sunriseזָרְחָ֥ה הַשֶּׁ֛מֶשׁ עָלָ֖יוza.re.Chah ha.She.mesh 'a.LavH2224 H8121 H5921,there is guilt for his bloodshedדָּמִ֣יםda.MimH1818.A thief must make full restitutionH7999;ifH518he has nothingאֵ֣ין'einH369,he himself shall be soldוְנִמְכַּ֖רve.nim.KarH4376for his theftH1591.

4If what was stolenאִֽם־ הַגְּנֵבָ֗ה'im- ha.ge.ne.VahH518 H1591is actually foundH4672aliveחַיִּ֑יםchai.YimH2416in his possessionבְיָד֜וֹve.ya.DoH3027—whether oxמִשּׁ֧וֹרmi.ShorH7794orעַד־'ad-H5704donkeyחֲמ֛וֹרcha.MorH2543orעַד־'ad-H5704sheepשֶׂ֖הsehH7716—he must pay backH7999doubleשְׁנַ֖יִםshe.Na.yimH8147.

5IfH3588a manאִישׁ֙'ishH376grazes his livestockH1197in a fieldH7704orH176vineyardכֶ֔רֶםKhe.remH3754and allows themבְּעִיר֔וֹbe.'i.roH1165to strayוְשִׁלַּח֙ve.shi.LachH7971H853so that they grazeH1197in someone else’sאַחֵ֑ר'a.CherH312fieldH7704,he must make restitutionH7999from the bestמֵיטַ֥בmei.TavH4315of his own fieldוּמֵיטַ֥בu.mei.TavH7704 H4315or vineyardכַּרְמ֖וֹkar.MoH3754.

6IfH3588a fireאֵ֜שׁ'eshH784breaks outתֵצֵ֨אte.Tze'H3318and spreadsH4672to thornbushesקֹצִים֙ko.TzimH6975so that it consumesוְנֶאֱכַ֣לve.ne.'e.KhalH398stackedגָּדִ֔ישׁga.DishH1430orH176standing grainהַקָּמָ֖הha.ka.MahH7054,orH176the whole fieldהַשָּׂדֶ֑הha.sa.DehH7704,the one who startedהַמַּבְעִ֖רha.mav.'IrH1197אֶת־'et-H853the fireהַבְּעֵרָֽה׃ סha.be.'e.RahH1200must make full restitutionH7999.

7Ifכִּֽי־ki-H3588a manאִ֨ישׁ'ishH376 H413givesיִתֵּן֩yi.TenH5414his neighborH7453moneyכֶּ֤סֶףKe.sefH3701orאֽוֹ־'ov-H176goodsכֵלִים֙khe.LimH3627for safekeepingלִשְׁמֹ֔רlish.MorH8104and they are stolenוְגֻנַּ֖בve.gu.NavH1589from the neighbor’sהָאִ֑ישׁha.'IshH376houseH1004,the thiefH1590,ifH518caughtH4672,must pay backיְשַׁלֵּ֥םye.sha.LemH7999doubleשְׁנָֽיִם׃she.Na.yimH8147.

8Ifאִם־'im-H518the thiefהַגַּנָּ֔בha.ga.NavH1590is notלֹ֤אlo'H3808foundיִמָּצֵא֙yi.ma.Tze'H4672,the ownerבַּֽעַל־ba.'al-H1167of the houseהַבַּ֖יִתha.Ba.yitH1004must appearוְנִקְרַ֥בve.nik.RavH7126beforeאֶל־'el-H413the judgesH430to determine whetherאִם־ לֹ֥א'im- lo'H518 H3808he has takenשָׁלַ֛ח יָד֖וֹsha.Lach ya.DoH7971 H3027his neighbor’sH7453propertyבִּמְלֶ֥אכֶתbim.Le.khetH4399.

9Inעַֽל־'al-H5921allH3605casesדְּבַר־de.var-H1697of illegal possessionפֶּ֡שַׁעPe.sha'H6588ofעַל־'al-H5921an oxעַל־'al-H7794 H5921,a donkeyעַל־'al-H2543 H5921,a sheepעַל־'al-H7716 H5921,a garmentשַׂלְמָ֜ה עַל־sal.Mah 'al-H8008 H5921,or anyH3605lost itemאֲבֵדָ֗ה'a.ve.DahH9thatאֲשֶׁ֤ר'a.SherH834someone claimsיֹאמַר֙yo.MarH559 H3588, ‘Thisזֶ֔הZehH2088is mineה֣וּאhu'H1931,’both partiesשְׁנֵיהֶ֑םshe.nei.HemH8147אֲשֶׁ֤ר'a.SherH834shall bringיָבֹ֖אya.Vo'H935their casesדְּבַר־de.var-H1697beforeעַ֚ד'adH5704the judgesהָֽאֱלֹהִ֔יםha.'E.lo.HimH430.The one whom the judgesאֱלֹהִ֔ים'E.lo.HimH430find guiltyיַרְשִׁיעֻן֙yar.shi.'UnH7561must pay backיְשַׁלֵּ֥םye.sha.LemH7999doubleשְׁנַ֖יִםshe.Na.yimH8147to his neighborH7453.

10Ifכִּֽי־ki-H3588a manאִ֨ישׁ אֶל־'ish 'el-H376 H413givesיִתֵּן֩yi.TenH5414a donkeyחֲמ֨וֹרcha.MorH2543אוֹ־'ov-H176,an oxשׁ֥וֹרShorH7794אוֹ־'ov-H176,a sheepשֶׂ֛הsehH7716,or anyוְכָל־ve.kholH3605other animalבְּהֵמָ֖הbe.he.MahH929to be cared forלִשְׁמֹ֑רlish.MorH8104by his neighborH7453,but it diesוּמֵ֛תu.MetH4191orאוֹ־'ov-H176is injuredנִשְׁבַּ֥רnish.BarH7665orאוֹ־'ov-H176stolenנִשְׁבָּ֖הnish.BahH7617while noאֵ֥ין'einH369one is watchingרֹאֶֽה׃ro.'EhH7200,

11an oathשְׁבֻעַ֣תshe.vu.'AtH7621before the LORDיְהוָ֗הYah.wehH3068shall be madeתִּהְיֶה֙tih.YehH1961betweenבֵּ֣יןbeinH996the partiesשְׁנֵיהֶ֔םshe.nei.HemH8147to determine whetherH518or notלֹ֥אlo'H3808the man has takenשָׁלַ֛ח יָד֖וֹsha.Lach ya.DoH7971 H3027his neighbor’sרֵעֵ֑הוּre.'E.huH7453propertyבִּמְלֶ֣אכֶתbim.Le.khetH4399.The ownerH1167must acceptוְלָקַ֥חve.la.KachH3947the oathand require noוְלֹ֥אve.Lo'H3808restitutionH7999.

12But ifH518the animalwas actuallyגָּנֹ֥בga.NoH1589stolenיִגָּנֵ֖בyi.ga.NevH1589fromמֵעִמּ֑וֹme.'i.MoH5973the neighbor,he must make restitutionH7999to the ownerלִבְעָלָֽיו׃liv.'a.LavH1167.

13Ifאִם־'im-H518the animalwas torn to piecesH2963,he shall bringיְבִאֵ֣הוּye.vi.'E.huH935it as evidenceעֵ֑ד'EdH5707;he need notלֹ֥אlo'H3808make restitutionH7999for the torn carcassהַטְּרֵפָ֖הha.te.re.FahH2966.

14Ifוְכִֽי־ve.khi-H3588a manאִ֛ישׁ'ishH376borrowsיִשְׁאַ֥לyish.'AlH7592an animalH5973from his neighborרֵעֵ֖הוּre.'E.huH7453and it is injuredוְנִשְׁבַּ֣רve.nish.BarH7665orאוֹ־'ov-H176diesמֵ֑תMetH4191while its ownerH1167is notאֵין־'ein-H369presentH5973,he must make full restitutionH7999.

15Ifאִם־'im-H518the ownerבְּעָלָ֥יוbe.'a.LavH1167was presentH5973,noH3808restitution is requiredיְשַׁלֵּ֑םye.sha.LemH7999.Ifאִם־'im-H518the animalה֔וּא בָּ֖אHu' ba'H1931 H935was rentedשָׂכִ֣ירsa.KhirH7916,the fee covers the lossבִּשְׂכָרֽוֹ׃ סbis.kha.RoH7939.

Laws of Social Responsibility

16Ifוְכִֽי־ve.khi-H3588a manאִ֗ישׁ'IshH376seducesיְפַתֶּ֣הye.fa.TehH6601a virginH1330whoאֲשֶׁ֥ר'a.SherH834is notלֹא־lo'-H3808pledged in marriageאֹרָ֖שָׂה'o.Ra.sahH781and sleepsוְשָׁכַ֣בve.sha.KhavH7901with herעִמָּ֑הּ'i.MahH5973,he must pay the full dowryH4117for herto be his wifeלְאִשָּֽׁה׃le.'i.ShahH802.

17Ifאִם־'im-H518her fatherאָבִ֖יהָ'a.Vi.haH1absolutely refusesH3985to give herלְתִתָּ֣הּle.ti.TahH5414to him, the manstill must payיִשְׁקֹ֔לyish.KolH8254an amount comparableכֶּ֣סֶףKe.sefH3701to the bridal priceכְּמֹ֖הַרke.Mo.harH4119of a virginהַבְּתוּלֹֽת׃ סha.be.tu.LotH1330.

18You must notלֹ֥אlo'H3808allow a sorceressמְכַשֵּׁפָ֖הme.kha.she.FahH3784to liveתְחַיֶּֽה׃ סte.chai.YehH2421.

19Whoeverכָּל־kol-H3605liesשֹׁכֵ֥בsho.KhevH7901withעִם־'im-H5973an animalבְּהֵמָ֖הbe.he.MahH929must surely be put to deathH4191.

20Ifanyone sacrificesזֹבֵ֥חַzo.Ve.achH2076to any godלָאֱלֹהִ֖יםla.'E.lo.HimH430other thanבִּלְתִּ֥יbil.TiH1115the LORDלַיהוָ֖הla.Yah.wehH3068aloneלְבַדּֽוֹ׃le.va.DoH905,he must be set apart for destructionיָֽחֳרָ֑םyo.cho.RamH2763.

21You must notH3808exploitתוֹנֶ֖הto.NehH3238orH3808oppressתִלְחָצֶ֑נּוּtil.cha.Tze.nuH3905a foreign residentוְגֵ֥רve.GerH1616,forכִּֽי־ki-H3588you yourselves wereהֱיִיתֶ֖םhe.yi.TemH1961foreignersגֵרִ֥יםge.RimH1616in the landבְּאֶ֥רֶץbe.'E.retzH776of Egyptמִצְרָֽיִם׃mitz.Ra.yimH4714.

22You must notלֹ֥אlo'H3808mistreatH6031anyכָּל־kol-H3605widowאַלְמָנָ֥ה'al.ma.NahH490or orphanוְיָת֖וֹםve.ya.TomH3490.

23Ifאִם־'im-H518you do mistreat themH6031H853כִּ֣יkiH3588אִם־'im-H518, andthey cry outצָעֹ֤קtza.'OkH6817to Meאֵלַ֔י'e.LaiH413in distressיִצְעַק֙yitz.'AkH6817,I will surely hearH8085their cryצַעֲקָתֽוֹ׃tza.'a.ka.ToH6818.

24My angerאַפִּ֔י'a.PiH639will be kindledוְחָרָ֣הve.cha.RahH2734,and I will killוְהָרַגְתִּ֥יve.ha.rag.TiH2026youH853with the swordבֶּחָ֑רֶבbe.Cha.revH2719;then your wivesנְשֵׁיכֶם֙ne.shei.KhemH802will becomeH1961widowsאַלְמָנ֔וֹת'al.ma.NotH490and your childrenוּבְנֵיכֶ֖םu.ve.nei.KhemH1121will befatherlessיְתֹמִֽים׃ פye.to.MimH3490.

25IfH518you lendתַּלְוֶ֣הtal.VehH3867אֶת־'et-H853moneyכֶּ֣סֶף׀Ke.sefH3701to one of My peopleעַמִּ֗י'a.MiH5971among youעִמָּ֔ךְ'i.MakhH5973אֶת־'et-H853who ispoorהֶֽעָנִי֙he.'a.NiH6041,you must notלֹא־lo'-H3808actתִהְיֶ֥הtih.YehH1961as a creditorכְּנֹשֶׁ֑הke.no.ShehH5383to him;you are not to chargeלֹֽא־ תְשִׂימ֥וּןlo'- te.si.MunH7760 H3808himעָלָ֖יו'a.LavH5921interestנֶֽשֶׁךְ׃Ne.shekhH5392.

26Ifאִם־'im-H518you take your neighbor’sרֵעֶ֑ךָre.'E.khaH7453cloakשַׂלְמַ֣תsal.MatH8008as collateralH2254,return itתְּשִׁיבֶ֥נּוּte.shi.Ve.nuH7725to himbyעַד־'ad-H5704sunsetבֹּ֥א הַשֶּׁ֖מֶשׁbo' ha.She.meshH935 H8121,

27becauseכִּ֣יkiH3588his cloakהִ֤ואhi'H1931is the onlyלְבַדָּ֔הּle.va.DahH905coveringכְסוּתוֹ֙khe.su.toH3682he hasהִ֥ואhi'H1931forשִׂמְלָת֖וֹsim.la.ToH8071his bodyלְעֹר֑וֹle.'o.RoH5785.What elseבַּמֶּ֣הba.MehH4100will he sleep inיִשְׁכָּ֔ב וְהָיָה֙yish.Kav ve.ha.YahH7901 H1961?And ifכִּֽי־ki-H3588he cries outיִצְעַ֣קyitz.'AkH6817to Meאֵלַ֔י'e.LaiH413,I will hearוְשָׁמַעְתִּ֖יve.sha.ma'.TiH8085,forכִּֽי־ki-H3588Iאָֽנִי׃ ס'A.niH589am compassionateחַנּ֥וּןcha.NunH2587.

28You must notH3808blasphemeתְקַלֵּ֑לte.ka.LelH7043Godאֱלֹהִ֖ים'E.lo.HimH430or curseתָאֹֽר׃ta.'OrH779the rulerוְנָשִׂ֥יאve.na.Si'H5387of your peopleבְעַמְּךָ֖ve.'a.me.KhaH5971 H3808.

29You must notלֹ֣אlo'H3808hold backתְאַחֵ֑רte.'a.CherH309offeringsfrom your granariesמְלֵאָתְךָ֥me.le.'a.te.KhaH4395or vatsוְדִמְעֲךָ֖ve.dim.'a.KhaH1831.You are to giveH5414Methe firstbornבְּכ֥וֹרbe.KhorH1060of your sonsבָּנֶ֖יךָba.Nei.khaH1121.

30You shall doתַּעֲשֶׂ֥הta.'a.SehH6213likewiseכֵּֽן־ken-H3651with your cattleלְשֹׁרְךָ֖le.sho.re.KhaH7794and your sheepלְצֹאנֶ֑ךָle.tzo.Ne.khaH6629.Let them stayH1961withעִם־'im-H5973their mothersאִמּ֔וֹ'i.MoH517for sevenשִׁבְעַ֤תshiv.'AtH7651daysיָמִים֙ya.MimH3117,but on the eighthהַשְּׁמִינִ֖יha.she.mi.NiH8066dayבַּיּ֥וֹםbai.YomH3117you are to give themתִּתְּנוֹ־ti.te.nov-H5414to Me.

31You are to beתִּהְי֣וּןtih.YunH1961Myholyקֹ֖דֶשׁKo.deshH6944peopleH376.You must notלֹ֣אlo'H3808eatתֹאכֵ֔לוּto.Khe.luH398the meatוּבָשָׂ֨רu.va.SarH1320of a mauled animalטְרֵפָה֙te.re.FahH2966found in the fieldבַּשָּׂדֶ֤הba.sa.DehH7704;you are to throwתַּשְׁלִכ֥וּןtash.li.KhunH7993itאֹתֽוֹ׃ ס'o.ToH853to the dogsלַכֶּ֖לֶבla.Ke.levH3611.

Laws of Social Responsibility

Commentaries on Exodus 22