New American Standard Bible 1995

Exodus 22

Property Rights

1“Ifכִּ֤יkiH3588a manאִישׁ֙'ishH376stealsיִגְנֹֽב־yig.nov-H1589an oxשׁ֣וֹרShorH7794orאוֹ־'ov-H176a sheepשֶׂ֔הSehH7716and slaughtersוּטְבָח֖וֹu.te.va.ChoH2873it orא֣וֹ'oH176sellsמְכָר֑וֹme.kha.RoH4376it, he shall payיְשַׁלֵּם֙ye.sha.LemH7999fiveחֲמִשָּׁ֣הcha.mi.ShahH2568oxenבָקָ֗רva.KarH1241for the oxהַשּׁ֔וֹרha.ShorH7794andfourוְאַרְבַּע־ve.'ar.ba'-H702sheepצֹ֖אןtzonH6629for the sheepהַשֶּֽׂה׃ha.SehH7716.

2“IfH518thethiefהַגַּנָּ֖בha.ga.NavH1590iscaughtיִמָּצֵ֥אyi.ma.Tze'H4672while breakingבַּמַּחְתֶּ֛רֶתba.mach.Te.retH4290in and is struckוְהֻכָּ֣הve.hu.KahH5221so that he diesוָמֵ֑תva.MetH4191,thereאֵ֥ין'einH369will be noאֵ֣ין'einH369bloodguiltinessH1818on his account.

3ButifH518the sunהַשֶּׁ֛מֶשׁha.She.meshH8121has risenזָרְחָ֥הza.re.ChahH2224on him, there will be bloodguiltinessדָּמִ֣יםda.MimH1818on his account. He shall surelyשַׁלֵּ֣םsha.LemH7999makeיְשַׁלֵּ֔םye.sha.LemH7999restitutionיְשַׁלֵּֽם׃ סye.sha.LemH7999;ifH518he owns nothingאֵ֣ין'einH369, then he shall besoldוְנִמְכַּ֖רve.nim.KarH4376for his theftH1591.

4Ifאִֽם־'im-H518whatH1591he stoleH1591is actuallyהִמָּצֵא֩hi.ma.Tze'H4672foundתִמָּצֵ֨אti.ma.Tze'H4672aliveחַיִּ֑יםchai.YimH2416in hispossessionבְיָד֜וֹve.ya.DoH3027,whetherH4480an oxמִשּׁ֧וֹרmi.ShorH7794orעַד־'ad-H5704a donkeyחֲמ֛וֹרcha.MorH2543orעַד־'ad-H5704a sheepשֶׂ֖הsehH7716,he shall payH7999doubleשְׁנַ֖יִםshe.Na.yimH8147.

5“IfH3588a manאִישׁ֙'ishH376lets a fieldH7704orH176vineyardכֶ֔רֶםKhe.remH3754be grazedH1197bareand letsH7971his animalבְּעִיר֔וֹbe.'i.roH1165looseH7971so that it grazesH1197in anotherאַחֵ֑ר'a.CherH312man’s fieldH7704,he shall makeH7999restitutionH7999from the bestמֵיטַ֥בmei.TavH4315of his own fieldH7704and the bestוּמֵיטַ֥בu.mei.TavH4315of his own vineyardכַּרְמ֖וֹkar.MoH3754.

6“IfH3588a fireאֵ֜שׁ'eshH784breaksתֵצֵ֨אte.Tze'H3318out and spreadsH4672to thornH6975bushesH6975,so that stackedגָּדִ֔ישׁga.DishH1430grain orH176the standingהַקָּמָ֖הha.ka.MahH7054grainH7054orH176the fieldהַשָּׂדֶ֑הha.sa.DehH7704itselfis consumedוְנֶאֱכַ֣לve.ne.'e.KhalH398,he who startedהַמַּבְעִ֖רha.mav.'IrH1197the fireהַבְּעֵרָֽה׃ סha.be.'e.RahH1200shall surelyשַׁלֵּ֣םsha.LemH7999makeיְשַׁלֵּ֔םye.sha.LemH7999restitutionיְשַׁלֵּ֥םye.sha.LemH7999.

7“Ifכִּֽי־ki-H3588a manאִ֨ישׁ'ishH376givesיִתֵּן֩yi.TenH5414his neighborH7453moneyכֶּ֤סֶףKe.sefH3701orאֽוֹ־'ov-H176goodsכֵלִים֙khe.LimH3627to keepלִשְׁמֹ֔רlish.MorH8104for himand it is stolenוְגֻנַּ֖בve.gu.NavH1589from the man’sהָאִ֑ישׁha.'IshH376houseH1004,ifH518the thiefH1590iscaughtH4672,he shall payיְשַׁלֵּ֥םye.sha.LemH7999doubleשְׁנָֽיִם׃she.Na.yimH8147.

8Ifאִם־'im-H518the thiefהַגַּנָּ֔בha.ga.NavH1590is notcaughtיִמָּצֵא֙yi.ma.Tze'H4672,then the ownerבַּֽעַל־ba.'al-H1167of the houseהַבַּ֖יִתha.Ba.yitH1004shallappearוְנִקְרַ֥בve.nik.RavH7126beforeאֶל־'el-H413the judgesH430, todetermine whetherאִם־'im-H518 H3808helaidשָׁלַ֛חsha.LachH7971his handsיָד֖וֹya.DoH3027on his neighbor’sH7453propertyבִּמְלֶ֥אכֶתbim.Le.khetH4399.

9For everyH3605breachH6588of trustH6588, whether it isfor oxH7794,for donkeyH2543,for sheepH7716,for clothingשַׂלְמָ֜הsal.MahH8008, orfor anyH3605lostH9thingאֲבֵדָ֗ה'a.ve.DahH9about whichאֲשֶׁ֤ר'a.SherH834one saysיֹאמַר֙yo.MarH559, ‘Thisזֶ֔הZehH2088is it,’ thecaseH1697of bothשְׁנֵיהֶ֑םshe.nei.HemH8147parties shall comeיָבֹ֖אya.Vo'H935beforeעַ֚ד'adH5704the judgesהָֽאֱלֹהִ֔יםha.'E.lo.HimH430;he whomאֲשֶׁ֤ר'a.SherH834the judgesאֱלֹהִ֔ים'E.lo.HimH430condemnיַרְשִׁיעֻן֙yar.shi.'UnH7561shall payיְשַׁלֵּ֥םye.sha.LemH7999doubleשְׁנַ֖יִםshe.Na.yimH8147to his neighborH7453.

10“Ifכִּֽי־ki-H3588a manאִ֨ישׁ'ishH376givesיִתֵּן֩yi.TenH5414his neighborH7453a donkeyחֲמ֨וֹרcha.MorH2543,an oxשׁ֥וֹרShorH7794,a sheepשֶׂ֛הsehH7716,orH176anyוְכָל־ve.kholH3605animalבְּהֵמָ֖הbe.he.MahH929to keepלִשְׁמֹ֑רlish.MorH8104for him,and it diesוּמֵ֛תu.MetH4191orH176is hurtנִשְׁבַּ֥רnish.BarH7665orH176is drivenH7617awayH7617while noH369oneH369is lookingרֹאֶֽה׃ro.'EhH7200,

11anoathשְׁבֻעַ֣תshe.vu.'AtH7621before the Lordיְהוָ֗הYah.wehH3068shall be madeתִּהְיֶה֙tih.YehH1961by the twoשְׁנֵיהֶ֔םshe.nei.HemH8147of them that he has notlaidשָׁלַ֛חsha.LachH7971handsיָד֖וֹya.DoH3027on his neighbor’sרֵעֵ֑הוּre.'E.huH7453propertyבִּמְלֶ֣אכֶתbim.Le.khetH4399;and its ownerH1167shall acceptוְלָקַ֥חve.la.KachH3947it,and he shall not makeיְשַׁלֵּ֖םye.sha.LemH7999restitutionיְשַׁלֵּֽם׃ye.sha.LemH7999.

12But ifH518it is actuallyגָּנֹ֥בga.NoH1589stolenיִגָּנֵ֖בyi.ga.NevH1589from him, he shall makeיְשַׁלֵּ֖םye.sha.LemH7999restitutionיְשַׁלֵּֽם׃ פye.sha.LemH7999to its ownerלִבְעָלָֽיו׃liv.'a.LavH1167.

13Ifאִם־'im-H518it is all tornטָרֹ֥ףta.RofH2963to piecesיִטָּרֵ֖ףyi.ta.RefH2963,let him bringיְבִאֵ֣הוּye.vi.'E.huH935it as evidenceעֵ֑ד'EdH5707;he shall not makeH7999restitutionH7999for whatH2966has been tornהַטְּרֵפָ֖הha.te.re.FahH2966to pieces.

14“Ifוְכִֽי־ve.khi-H3588a manאִ֛ישׁ'ishH376borrowsיִשְׁאַ֥לyish.'AlH7592anythingfrom his neighborרֵעֵ֖הוּre.'E.huH7453,and it is injuredוְנִשְׁבַּ֣רve.nish.BarH7665orאוֹ־'ov-H176diesמֵ֑תMetH4191while its ownerH1167is not with it, he shall makeיְשַׁלֵּ֑םye.sha.LemH7999fullשַׁלֵּ֥םsha.LemH7999restitutionיְשַׁלֵּֽם׃ye.sha.LemH7999.

15Ifאִם־'im-H518its ownerבְּעָלָ֥יוbe.'a.LavH1167is with it, he shall not makeיְשַׁלֵּ֑םye.sha.LemH7999restitutionH7999;ifאִם־'im-H518it is hiredשָׂכִ֣ירsa.KhirH7916,it cameבָּ֖אba'H935for its hireבִּשְׂכָרֽוֹ׃ סbis.kha.RoH7939.

Sundry Laws

16“Ifוְכִֽי־ve.khi-H3588a manאִ֗ישׁ'IshH376seducesיְפַתֶּ֣הye.fa.TehH6601a virginH1330whoאֲשֶׁ֥ר'a.SherH834is not engagedאֹרָ֖שָׂה'o.Ra.sahH781,and liesוְשָׁכַ֣בve.sha.KhavH7901with her, he must payמָהֹ֛רma.HorH4117a dowryיִמְהָרֶ֥נָּהyim.ha.Re.nahH4117for her to behis wifeלְאִשָּֽׁה׃le.'i.ShahH802.

17Ifאִם־'im-H518her fatherאָבִ֖יהָ'a.Vi.haH1absolutelyמָאֵ֧ןma.'EnH3985refusesיְמָאֵ֛ןye.ma.'EnH3985to giveלְתִתָּ֣הּle.ti.TahH5414her to him, he shallpayיִשְׁקֹ֔לyish.KolH8254moneyכֶּ֣סֶףKe.sefH3701equal to thedowryכְּמֹ֖הַרke.Mo.harH4119for virginsהַבְּתוּלֹֽת׃ סha.be.tu.LotH1330.

18“You shall not allow asorceressמְכַשֵּׁפָ֖הme.kha.she.FahH3784to liveתְחַיֶּֽה׃ סte.chai.YehH2421.

19“Whoeverכָּל־kol-H3605liesשֹׁכֵ֥בsho.KhevH7901with an animalבְּהֵמָ֖הbe.he.MahH929shall surelyH4191be putH4191to deathH4191.

20“He who sacrificesזֹבֵ֥חַzo.Ve.achH2076toany godלָאֱלֹהִ֖יםla.'E.lo.HimH430,otherH1115thanH1115to the Lordלַיהוָ֖הla.Yah.wehH3068aloneלְבַדּֽוֹ׃le.va.DoH905, shall beutterlyH2763destroyedH2763.

21“You shall not wrongתוֹנֶ֖הto.NehH3238a strangerוְגֵ֥רve.GerH1616or oppressתִלְחָצֶ֑נּוּtil.cha.Tze.nuH3905him, for you were strangersגֵרִ֥יםge.RimH1616in the landבְּאֶ֥רֶץbe.'E.retzH776of Egyptמִצְרָֽיִם׃mitz.Ra.yimH4714.

22You shall not afflictH6031anyכָּל־kol-H3605widowאַלְמָנָ֥ה'al.ma.NahH490or orphanוְיָת֖וֹםve.ya.TomH3490.

23Ifאִם־'im-H518you afflictעַנֵּ֥ה'a.NehH6031him at allתְעַנֶּ֖הte.'a.NehH6031, andifאִם־'im-H518he does cryH6817out to Me,I will surelyשָׁמֹ֥עַsha.Mo.a'H8085hearאֶשְׁמַ֖ע'esh.Ma'H8085his cryצַעֲקָתֽוֹ׃tza.'a.ka.ToH6818;

24and My angerאַפִּ֔י'a.PiH639will be kindledוְחָרָ֣הve.cha.RahH2734,and I will killוְהָרַגְתִּ֥יve.ha.rag.TiH2026you with the swordבֶּחָ֑רֶבbe.Cha.revH2719,and your wivesנְשֵׁיכֶם֙ne.shei.KhemH802shall becomeH1961widowsאַלְמָנ֔וֹת'al.ma.NotH490and your childrenוּבְנֵיכֶ֖םu.ve.nei.KhemH1121fatherlessיְתֹמִֽים׃ פye.to.MimH3490.

25“IfH518you lendתַּלְוֶ֣הtal.VehH3867moneyכֶּ֣סֶף׀Ke.sefH3701to My peopleעַמִּ֗י'a.MiH5971,to the poorהֶֽעָנִי֙he.'a.NiH6041amongעִמָּ֔ךְ'i.MakhH5973you, you are not toactתִהְיֶ֥הtih.YehH1961as a creditorכְּנֹשֶׁ֑הke.no.ShehH5383to him; you shall notchargeתְשִׂימ֥וּן עָלָ֖יוte.si.Mun 'a.LavH7760 H5921himinterestנֶֽשֶׁךְ׃Ne.shekhH5392.

26Ifאִם־'im-H518you everH2254takeחָבֹ֥לcha.VolH2254your neighbor’sרֵעֶ֑ךָre.'E.khaH7453cloakשַׂלְמַ֣תsal.MatH8008as a pledgeתַּחְבֹּ֖לtach.BolH2254,you are to returnתְּשִׁיבֶ֥נּוּte.shi.Ve.nuH7725it to him beforeעַד־'ad-H5704the sunהַשֶּׁ֖מֶשׁha.She.meshH8121setsבֹּ֥אbo'H935,

27for that is his onlyלְבַדָּ֔הּle.va.DahH905coveringכְסוּתוֹ֙khe.su.toH3682;it is his cloakשִׂמְלָת֖וֹsim.la.ToH8071for hisbodyלְעֹר֑וֹle.'o.RoH5785.Whatבַּמֶּ֣הba.MehH4100else shall he sleepיִשְׁכָּ֔בyish.KavH7901in? And it shall comeוְהָיָה֙ve.ha.YahH1961about thatwhenH3588he criesיִצְעַ֣קyitz.'AkH6817out to Me, I will hearוְשָׁמַעְתִּ֖יve.sha.ma'.TiH8085him, forI am graciousחַנּ֥וּןcha.NunH2587.

28“You shall notcurseתְקַלֵּ֑לte.ka.LelH7043Godאֱלֹהִ֖ים'E.lo.HimH430,norH3808curseתָאֹֽר׃ta.'OrH779a rulerוְנָשִׂ֥יאve.na.Si'H5387of your peopleבְעַמְּךָ֖ve.'a.me.KhaH5971.

29“You shall not delayתְאַחֵ֑רte.'a.CherH309the offering fromyour harvestמְלֵאָתְךָ֥me.le.'a.te.KhaH4395and your vintageוְדִמְעֲךָ֖ve.dim.'a.KhaH1831.The firstbornבְּכ֥וֹרbe.KhorH1060of your sonsבָּנֶ֖יךָba.Nei.khaH1121you shall giveH5414to Me.

30You shall doתַּעֲשֶׂ֥הta.'a.SehH6213the sameכֵּֽן־ken-H3651with your oxenלְשֹׁרְךָ֖le.sho.re.KhaH7794andwith your sheepלְצֹאנֶ֑ךָle.tzo.Ne.khaH6629.It shall be with its motherאִמּ֔וֹ'i.MoH517sevenשִׁבְעַ֤תshiv.'AtH7651daysיָמִים֙ya.MimH3117;on the eighthהַשְּׁמִינִ֖יha.she.mi.NiH8066dayבַּיּ֥וֹםbai.YomH3117you shall giveתִּתְּנוֹ־ti.te.nov-H5414it to Me.

31“You shall be holyקֹ֖דֶשׁKo.deshH6944menH376to Me, thereforeyou shall not eatתֹאכֵ֔לוּto.Khe.luH398anyfleshוּבָשָׂ֨רu.va.SarH1320tornטְרֵפָה֙te.re.FahH2966to pieces in the fieldבַּשָּׂדֶ֤הba.sa.DehH7704;you shall throwתַּשְׁלִכ֥וּןtash.li.KhunH7993it to the dogsלַכֶּ֖לֶבla.Ke.levH3611.

Property Rights

Sundry Laws

Commentaries on Exodus 22