Berean Standard Bible
Exodus 22
1“IfH3588 a manH376 stealsH1589 an oxH77941 orH176 a sheepH7716 and slaughtersH2873 orH176 sells itH4376, he must repayH7999 fiveH2568 oxenH1241 forH8478 an oxH7794 and fourH702 sheepH7716 for a sheepH6629.
2IfH518 a thiefH1590 is caughtH4672 breaking inH4290 and is beatenH5221 to deathH4191, no oneH369 shall be guilty of bloodshedH1818. 3But ifH518 it happens after sunriseH2224H8121H5921, there is guilt for his bloodshedH1818.
A thief must make full restitutionH7999; ifH518 he has nothingH369, he himself shall be soldH4376 for his theftH1591. 4If what was stolenH518H1591 is actually foundH4672 aliveH2416 in his possessionH3027—whether oxH7794 orH5704 donkeyH2543 orH5704 sheepH7716—he must pay backH7999 doubleH8147.
5IfH3588 a manH376 grazes his livestockH1197 in a fieldH7704 orH176 vineyardH3754 and allows themH1165 to strayH7971 so that they grazeH1197 in someone else’sH312 fieldH7704, he must make restitutionH7999 from the bestH4315 of his own fieldH7704H4315 or vineyardH3754.
6IfH3588 a fireH784 breaks outH3318 and spreadsH4672 to thornbushesH6975 so that it consumesH398 stackedH1430 orH176 standing grainH7054, orH176 the whole fieldH7704, the one who startedH1197 the fireH1200 must make full restitutionH7999.
7IfH3588 a manH376H413 givesH5414 his neighborH7453 moneyH3701 orH176 goodsH3627 for safekeepingH8104 and they are stolenH1589 from the neighbor’sH376 houseH1004, the thiefH1590, ifH518 caughtH4672, must pay backH7999 doubleH8147. 8IfH518 the thiefH1590 is notH3808 foundH4672, the ownerH1167 of the houseH1004 must appearH7126 beforeH413 the judgesH4302 to determine whetherH518H3808 he has takenH7971H3027 his neighbor’sH7453 propertyH4399.
9InH5921 allH3605 casesH1697 of illegal possessionH6588 ofH5921 an oxH7794H5921, a donkeyH2543H5921, a sheepH7716H5921, a garmentH8008H5921, or anyH3605 lost itemH9 thatH834 someone claimsH559H3588, ‘ThisH2088 is mineH1931,’ both partiesH8147 shall bringH935 their casesH1697 beforeH5704 the judgesH430. The one whom the judgesH430 find guiltyH75613 must pay backH7999 doubleH8147 to his neighborH7453.
10IfH3588 a manH376H413 givesH5414 a donkeyH2543, an oxH7794, a sheepH7716, or anyH3605 other animalH929 to be cared forH8104 by his neighborH7453, but it diesH4191 orH176 is injuredH7665 orH176 stolenH7617 while noH369 one is watchingH7200, 11an oathH7621 before the LORDH3068 shall be madeH1961 betweenH996 the partiesH8147 to determine whetherH518 or notH3808 the man has takenH7971H3027 his neighbor’sH7453 propertyH4399. The ownerH1167 must acceptH3947 the oath and require noH3808 restitutionH7999.
12But ifH518 the animal was actuallyH1589 stolenH1589 fromH5973 the neighbor, he must make restitutionH7999 to the ownerH1167.
13IfH518 the animal was torn to piecesH2963, he shall bringH935 it as evidenceH5707; he need notH3808 make restitutionH7999 for the torn carcassH2966.
14IfH3588 a manH376 borrowsH7592 an animal from his neighborH7453 and it is injuredH7665 orH176 diesH4191 while its ownerH1167 is notH369 presentH5973, he must make full restitutionH7999. 15IfH518 the ownerH1167 was presentH5973, noH3808 restitution is requiredH7999. IfH518 the animal was rentedH7916, the fee covers the lossH7939.
Laws of Social Responsibility
16IfH3588 a manH376 seducesH6601 a virginH1330 whoH834 is notH3808 pledged in marriageH781 and sleepsH7901 with herH5973, he must pay the full dowryH4117 for her to be his wifeH802. 17IfH518 her fatherH1 absolutely refusesH3985 to give herH5414 to him, the man still must payH8254 an amount comparableH3701 to the bridal priceH4119 of a virginH1330.
18You must notH3808 allow a sorceressH3784 to liveH2421.
19WhoeverH3605 liesH7901 withH5973 an animalH929 must surely be put to deathH4191.
20If anyone sacrificesH2076 to any godH430 other thanH1115 the LORDH3068 aloneH905, he must be set apart for destructionH2763.4
21You must notH3808 exploitH3238 orH3808 oppressH3905 a foreign residentH1616, forH3588 you yourselves wereH1961 foreignersH1616 in the landH776 of EgyptH4714.
22You must notH3808 mistreatH6031 anyH3605 widowH490 or orphanH3490. 23IfH518 you do mistreat themH6031, and they cry outH6817 to MeH413 in distressH6817, I will surely hearH8085 their cryH6818. 24My angerH639 will be kindledH2734, and I will killH2026 youH853 with the swordH2719; then your wivesH802 will becomeH1961 widowsH490 and your childrenH1121 will be fatherlessH3490.
25IfH518 you lendH3867 moneyH3701 to one of My peopleH5971 among youH5973 who is poorH6041, you must notH3808 actH1961 as a creditorH5383 to him; you are not to chargeH7760H3808 himH5921 interestH5392.
26IfH518 you take your neighbor’sH7453 cloakH8008 as collateralH2254, return itH7725 to him byH5704 sunsetH935H8121, 27becauseH3588 his cloak is the onlyH905 coveringH3682 he hasH1931 for his bodyH5785. What elseH4100 will he sleep inH7901H1961? And ifH3588 he cries outH6817 to MeH413, I will hearH8085, forH3588 IH589 am compassionateH2587.
28You must notH3808 blasphemeH7043 GodH430 or curseH779 the rulerH5387 of your peopleH5971H3808.5
29You must notH3808 hold backH309 offerings from your granariesH4395 or vatsH1831. You are to giveH5414 Me the firstbornH1060 of your sonsH1121. 30You shall doH6213 likewiseH3651 with your cattleH7794 and your sheepH6629. Let them stayH1961 withH5973 their mothersH517 for sevenH7651 daysH3117, but on the eighthH8066 dayH3117 you are to give themH5414 to Me.
31You are to beH1961 My holyH6944 peopleH376. You must notH3808 eatH398 the meatH1320 of a mauled animalH2966 found in the fieldH7704; you are to throwH7993 itH853 to the dogsH3611.
Notes
- 1. Exodus 22:1 Or a bull or a cow; also in verses 4, 9, and 10 ↩
- 2. Exodus 22:8 Or before God; also in verse 9 ↩
- 3. Exodus 22:9 Or whom God condemns ↩
- 4. Exodus 22:20 Forms of the Hebrew cherem refer to the giving over of things or persons to the LORD, either by destroying them or by giving them as an offering. ↩
- 5. Exodus 22:28 LXX or speak evil about the ruler of your people; cited in Acts 23:5 ↩
Commentaries on Exodus 22
- Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
- Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
- Matthew Henry Concise Commentary
- Tyndale Open Study Notes
- Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary
- Rashi on Tanakh
- Calvin’s Commentaries
- Keil & Delitzsch Commentary
- John Wesley’s Notes
- Darby Translation Notes
- Geneva Bible Translation Notes
- Kingcomments
- Matthew Henry’s Complete Commentary
- Matthew Henry’s Modern English Commentary
- Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary
- EGW Writings
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Commentaries