New American Standard Bible 2020
Exodus 10
The Plague of Locusts
1Then the Lordיְהוָה֙Yah.wehH3068saidוַיֹּ֤אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559to Mosesמֹשֶׁ֔הmo.ShehH4872, “Goבֹּ֖אbo'H935to Pharaohפַּרְעֹ֑הpar.'OhH6547, for I havehardenedהִכְבַּ֤דְתִּיhikh.Bad.tiH3513his heartלִבּוֹ֙li.BoH3820and the heartלֵ֣בlevH3820of his servantsעֲבָדָ֔יו'a.va.DavH5650,soלְמַ֗עַןle.Ma.'anH4616thatH4616I mayperformשִׁתִ֛יshi.TiH7896theseאֵ֖לֶּה'E.lehH428signsאֹתֹתַ֥י'o.to.TaiH226of Mineamongבְּקִרְבּֽוֹ׃be.kir.bovH7130them,
2andthat you may tellתְּסַפֵּר֩te.sa.PerH5608in thepresenceבְּאָזְנֵ֨יbe.'a.ze.NeiH241of your sonH1121,and of your grandsonH1121,howאֲשֶׁ֤ר'a.SherH854H834I madeH5953aH5953mockeryH5953of the Egyptiansבְּמִצְרַ֔יִםbe.mitz.Ra.yimH4714and howאֲשֶׁר־'a.Sher-H834Iperformedשַׂ֣מְתִּיSam.tiH7760My signsאֹתֹתַ֖י'o.to.TaiH226among them,so that you may knowוִֽידַעְתֶּ֖םvi.da'.TemH3045that I am the Lordיְהוָֽה׃Yah.wehH3068.”
3So Mosesמֹשֶׁ֣הmo.ShehH4872and Aaronוְאַהֲרֹן֮ve.'a.ha.RonH175wentוַיָּבֹ֨אvai.ya.Vo'H935to Pharaohפַּרְעֹה֒par.'OhH6547and saidוַיֹּאמְר֣וּvai.yo.me.RuH559to him, “ThisH3541isH3541whatH3541the Lordיְהוָה֙Yah.wehH3068,the Godאֱלֹהֵ֣י'e.lo.HeiH430of the Hebrewsהָֽעִבְרִ֔יםha.'iv.RimH5680saysאָמַ֤ר'a.MarH559: ‘HowH4970longעַד־'ad-H5704H4970will you refuseמֵאַ֔נְתָּme.'An.taH3985tohumbleלֵעָנֹ֖תle.'a.NotH6031yourself beforeמִפָּנָ֑יmi.pa.NaiH4480H6440Me?LetH7971My peopleעַמִּ֖י'a.MiH5971goשַׁלַּ֥חsha.LachH7971,so that they may serveוְיַֽעַבְדֻֽנִי׃ve.Ya.'av.Du.niH5647Me.
5And they will coverוְכִסָּה֙ve.khi.SahH3680the surfaceעֵ֣ין'einH5869of the landהָאָ֔רֶץha.'A.retzH776,so that noוְלֹ֥אve.Lo'H3808one will beH3201ableיוּכַ֖לyu.KhalH3201to seeלִרְאֹ֣תlir.'OtH7200the landהָאָ֑רֶץha.'A.retzH776.They will also eatוְאָכַ֣ל׀ve.'a.KhalH398the restיֶ֣תֶרYe.terH3499of whatH6413has survivedH6413--what is leftהַנִּשְׁאֶ֤רֶתha.nish.'E.retH7604to you from the hailהַבָּרָ֔דha.ba.RadH1259--and they will eatוְאָכַל֙ve.'a.KhalH398everyכָּל־kol-H3605treeהָעֵ֔ץha.'EtzH6086of yours which growsהַצֹּמֵ֥חַha.tzo.Me.achH6779in the fieldהַשָּׂדֶֽה׃ha.sa.DehH7704.
6Thenyour housesבָתֶּ֜יךָva.Tei.khaH1004will be filledוּמָלְא֨וּu.mal.'UH4390with them,together with the housesוּבָתֵּ֣יu.va.TeiH1004of allכָל־khol-H3605your servantsעֲבָדֶיךָ֮'a.va.dei.KhaH5650and the housesוּבָתֵּ֣יu.va.TeiH1004of allכָל־khol-H3605the EgyptiansH4714, somethingwhichאֲשֶׁ֨ר'a.SherH834neitherH3808your fathersH1norH3808your grandfathersH1have seenרָא֤וּra.'UH7200,from the dayמִיּ֗וֹםmi.YomH3117that theycameהֱיוֹתָם֙he.yo.TamH1961upon the earthהָ֣אֲדָמָ֔הha.'a.da.MahH127untilעַ֖ד'adH5704thisהַזֶּ֑הha.ZehH2088dayהַיּ֣וֹםhai.YomH3117.’”And he turnedוַיִּ֥פֶןvai.Yi.fenH6437and leftוַיֵּצֵ֖אvai.ye.Tze'H3318H4480Pharaohפַּרְעֹֽה׃par.'OhH6547.
7ThenPharaoh’sפַרְעֹ֜הfar.'OhH6547servantsעַבְדֵ֨י'av.DeiH5650saidוַיֹּאמְרוּ֩vai.yo.me.RuH559to him, “HowH4970longעַד־'ad-H5704H4970shall thisזֶ֥הzehH2088man bea snareלְמוֹקֵ֔שׁle.mo.KeshH4170to us? LetH7971thepeopleH376goשַׁלַּח֙sha.LachH7971,so that they may serveוְיַֽעַבְד֖וּve.ya.'av.DuH5647the Lordיְהוָ֣הYah.wehH3068their Godאֱלֹהֵיהֶ֑ם'e.lo.hei.HemH430.Do you not yetהֲטֶ֣רֶםha.Te.remH2962realizeתֵּדַ֔עte.Da'H3045that Egyptמִצְרָֽיִם׃mitz.Ra.yimH4714is destroyedאָבְדָ֖ה'a.ve.DahH6?”
8So Mosesמֹשֶׁ֤הmo.ShehH4872and Aaronאַהֲרֹן֙'a.ha.RonH175were broughtH7725backוַיּוּשַׁ֞בvai.yu.ShavH7725to Pharaohפַּרְעֹ֔הpar.'OhH6547,and he saidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559to them, “Goלְכ֥וּle.KhuH1980,serveעִבְד֖וּ'iv.DuH5647the Lordיְהוָ֣הYah.wehH3068your Godאֱלֹהֵיכֶ֑ם'e.lo.hei.KhemH430!Whoמִ֥יmiH4310specificallyוָמִ֖יva.MiH4310are the ones who are goingהַהֹלְכִֽים׃ha.ho.le.KhimH1980?”
9Mosesמֹשֶׁ֔הmo.ShehH4872saidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559, “We shall goנֵלֵ֑ךְne.LekhH1980with our youngבִּנְעָרֵ֥ינוּbin.'a.Rei.nuH5288and our oldוּבִזְקֵנֵ֖ינוּu.viz.ke.Nei.nuH2205;with our sonsבְּבָנֵ֨ינוּbe.va.Nei.nuH1121and our daughtersוּבִבְנוֹתֵ֜נוּu.viv.no.Te.nuH1323,with our flocksבְּצֹאנֵ֤נוּbe.tzo.Ne.nuH6629and our herdsוּבִבְקָרֵ֙נוּ֙u.viv.ka.Re.nuH1241we shall goנֵלֵ֔ךְne.LekhH1980, for wemust hold a feastחַג־chag-H2282to the Lordיְהוָ֖הYah.wehH3068.”
11Not soכֵ֗ןKhenH3651!Goלְכֽוּ־le.khu-H1980nowנָ֤אna'H4994, but onlythe menהַגְּבָרִים֙ha.ge.va.RimH1397among you,and serveוְעִבְד֣וּve.'iv.DuH5647the Lordיְהוָ֔הYah.wehH3068,sinceכִּ֥יkiH3588that is what you desireמְבַקְשִׁ֑יםme.vak.ShimH1245.” Sothey were drivenH1644outH1644from Pharaoh’sפַרְעֹֽה׃ פfar.'OhH6547presenceפְּנֵ֥יpe.NeiH6440.
12Then the Lordיְהוָ֜הYah.wehH3068saidוַיֹּ֨אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559to Mosesמֹשֶׁ֗הmo.ShehH4872, “ReachH5186outH5186with your handיָדְךָ֜ya.de.KhaH3027overH5921the landאֶ֤רֶץ'E.retzH776of Egyptמִצְרַ֙יִם֙mitz.Ra.yimH4714for the locustsבָּֽאַרְבֶּ֔הba.'ar.BehH697,so that they may comeוְיַ֖עַלve.Ya.'alH5927upH5927on the landאֶ֣רֶץ'E.retzH776of Egyptמִצְרָ֑יִםmitz.Ra.yimH4714andeatוְיֹאכַל֙ve.yo.KhalH398everyכָּל־kol-H3605plantעֵ֣שֶׂב'E.sevH6212of the landהָאָ֔רֶץha.'A.retzH776,everythingכָּל־kol-H3605that the hailהַבָּרָֽד׃ha.ba.RadH1259has leftהִשְׁאִ֖ירhish.'IrH7604.”
13So Mosesמֹשֶׁ֣הmo.ShehH4872reachedH5186outH5186with his staffמַטֵּהוּ֮ma.te.HuH4294overעַל־'al-H5921the landאֶ֣רֶץ'E.retzH776of Egyptמִצְרַיִם֒mitz.ra.YimH4714,and the Lordוַֽיהוָ֗הva.Yah.wehH3068directedנִהַ֤גni.HagH5090an eastקָדִים֙ka.DimH6921windר֥וּחַRu.achH7307on the landבָּאָ֔רֶץba.'A.retzH776allכָּל־kol-H3605that dayהַיּ֥וֹםhai.YomH3117and allוְכָל־ve.kholH3605that nightהַלָּ֑יְלָהha.La.ye.lahH3915;and when it was morningהַבֹּ֣קֶרha.Bo.kerH1242,the eastהַקָּדִ֔יםha.ka.DimH6921windוְר֙וּחַ֙ve.Ru.achH7307broughtנָשָׂ֖אna.Sa'H5375thelocustsהָאַרְבֶּֽה׃ha.'ar.BehH697.
14The locustsהָֽאַרְבֶּ֗הha.'ar.BehH697cameH5927upH5927overעַ֚ל'alH5921allכָּל־kol-H3605the landאֶ֣רֶץ'E.retzH776of Egyptמִצְרַ֔יִםmitz.Ra.yimH4714and settledוַיָּ֕נַחvai.Ya.nachH5117in allבְּכֹ֖לbe.KholH3605the territoryגְּב֣וּלge.VulH1366of Egyptמִצְרָ֑יִםmitz.Ra.yimH4714; they wereveryמְאֹ֔דme.'OdH3966numerousכָּבֵ֣דka.VedH3515.There had neverלֹא־lo'-H3808beenH1961soכֵ֤ןkhenH3651manylocustsאַרְבֶּה֙'ar.BehH697,norלֹ֥אlo'H3808would there be soכֵּֽן׃KenH3651manyagainוְאַחֲרָ֖יוve.'a.cha.RavH310.
15For they coveredוַיְכַ֞סvay.KhasH3680the surfaceעֵ֣ין'einH5869of the wholeכָּל־kol-H3605landהָאָרֶץ֮ha.'a.RetzH776,so that the landהָאָרֶץ֒ha.'a.RetzH776was darkenedוַתֶּחְשַׁ֣ךְva.tech.ShakhH2821; and theyateוַיֹּ֜אכַלvai.Yo.khalH398everyכָּל־kol-H3605plantעֵ֣שֶׂב'E.sevH6212of the landהָאָ֗רֶץha.'A.retzH776and allכָּל־kol-H3605the fruitפְּרִ֣יpe.RiH6529of the treesהָעֵ֔ץha.'EtzH6086that the hailהַבָּרָ֑דha.ba.RadH1259had leftהוֹתִ֖ירho.TirH3498.Therefore nothingוְלֹא־ כָּל־ve.lo'- kol-H3808H3605greenיֶ֧רֶקYe.rekH3418was leftנוֹתַ֨רno.TarH3498on treeבָּעֵ֛ץba.'EtzH6086or plantוּבְעֵ֥שֶׂבu.ve.'E.sevH6212of the fieldהַשָּׂדֶ֖הha.sa.DehH7704throughoutבְּכָל־be.kholH3605the landאֶ֥רֶץ'E.retzH776of Egyptמִצְרָֽיִם׃mitz.Ra.yimH4714.
16Then Pharaohפַּרְעֹ֔הpar.'OhH6547hurriedlyוַיְמַהֵ֣רvay.ma.HerH4116calledלִקְרֹ֖אlik.Ro'H7121for Mosesלְמֹשֶׁ֣הle.mo.ShehH4872and Aaronוּֽלְאַהֲרֹ֑ןu.le.'a.ha.RonH175,and he saidוַיֹּ֗אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559, “I have sinnedחָטָ֛אתִיcha.Ta.tiH2398against the Lordלַיהוָ֥הla.Yah.wehH3068your Godאֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֖ם'e.lo.hei.KhemH430and against you.
17So nowוְעַתָּ֗הve.'a.TahH6258,pleaseנָ֤אna'H4994forgiveשָׂ֣אsa'H5375my sinחַטָּאתִי֙cha.ta.TiH2403onlyאַ֣ךְ'akhH389thisH6471onceH6471, andpleadוְהַעְתִּ֖ירוּve.ha'.Ti.ruH6279with the Lordלַיהוָ֣הla.Yah.wehH3068your Godאֱלֹהֵיכֶ֑ם'e.lo.hei.KhemH430,that He would onlyH7534removeוְיָסֵר֙ve.ya.SerH5493thisהַזֶּֽה׃ha.ZehH2088deathהַמָּ֥וֶתha.Ma.vetH4194from me.”
19So the Lordיְהוָ֤הYah.wehH3068shiftedוַיַּהֲפֹ֨ךְvai.ya.ha.FokhH2015the windto a veryמְאֹ֔דme.'OdH3966strongחָזָ֣קcha.ZakH2389westיָם֙yamH3220windרֽוּחַ־Ru.ach-H7307,which pickedH5375upH5375the locustsהָ֣אַרְבֶּ֔הha.'ar.BehH697and droveוַיִּתְקָעֵ֖הוּvai.yit.ka.'E.huH8628them into theRedסּ֑וּףSufH5488Seaיָ֣מָּהYa.mahH3220;not oneאֶחָ֔ד'e.ChadH259locustאַרְבֶּ֣ה'ar.BehH697was leftנִשְׁאַר֙nish.'ArH7604in allבְּכֹ֖לbe.KholH3605the territoryגְּב֥וּלge.VulH1366of Egyptמִצְרָֽיִם׃mitz.Ra.yimH4714.
Darkness over the Land
21Then the Lordיְהוָ֜הYah.wehH3068saidוַיֹּ֨אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559to Mosesמֹשֶׁ֗הmo.ShehH4872, “ReachH5186outH5186with your handיָֽדְךָ֙ya.de.KhaH3027towardעַל־'al-H5921the skyהַשָּׁמַ֔יִםha.sha.Ma.yimH8064,so that there may be darknessחֹ֖שֶׁךְCho.shekhH2822overעַל־'al-H5921the landאֶ֣רֶץ'E.retzH776of Egyptמִצְרָ֑יִםmitz.Ra.yimH4714,even a darknessחֹֽשֶׁךְ׃Cho.shekhH2822which may be feltוְיָמֵ֖שׁve.ya.MeshH4959.”
22So Mosesמֹשֶׁ֛הmo.ShehH4872reachedH5186outH5186with his handיָד֖וֹya.DoH3027towardעַל־'al-H5921the skyהַשָּׁמָ֑יִםha.sha.Ma.yimH8064, and there wasthickאֲפֵלָ֛ה'a.fe.LahH653darknessחֹֽשֶׁךְ־cho.shekh-H2822in allבְּכָל־be.kholH3605the landאֶ֥רֶץ'E.retzH776of Egyptמִצְרַ֖יִםmitz.Ra.yimH4714for threeשְׁלֹ֥שֶׁתshe.Lo.shetH7969daysיָמִֽים׃ya.MimH3117.
23They did not seeרָא֞וּra.'UH7200oneאִ֣ישׁ'ishH376anotherאָחִ֗יו'a.ChivH251,norH3808did anyoneאִ֥ישׁ'ishH376riseקָ֛מוּKa.muH6965from his placeמִתַּחְתָּ֖יוmi.tach.TavH8478for threeשְׁלֹ֣שֶׁתshe.Lo.shetH7969daysיָמִ֑יםya.MimH3117,but allוּֽלְכָל־u.le.khol-H3605the sonsבְּנֵ֧יbe.NeiH1121of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֛לYis.ra.'ElH3478hadהָ֥יָהHa.yahH1961lightא֖וֹר'orH216in their dwellingsבְּמוֹשְׁבֹתָֽם׃be.mo.she.vo.TamH4186.
24Then Pharaohפַרְעֹ֜הfar.'OhH6547calledוַיִּקְרָ֨אvai.yik.Ra'H7121for Mosesמֹשֶׁ֗הmo.ShehH4872,and saidוַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙vai.Yo.merH559, “Goלְכוּ֙le.KhuH1980,serveעִבְד֣וּ'iv.DuH5647the Lordיְהוָ֔הYah.wehH3068;onlyH7534let your flocksצֹאנְכֶ֥םtzon.KhemH6629and your herdsוּבְקַרְכֶ֖םu.ve.kar.KhemH1241be leftH3322behindH3322.Evenגַּֽם־gam-H1571your littleטַפְּכֶ֖םta.pe.KhemH2945onesH2945may goיֵלֵ֥ךְye.LekhH1980with you.”
25But Mosesמֹשֶׁ֔הmo.ShehH4872saidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559, “You must alsoגַּם־gam-H1571letH5414us haveבְּיָדֵ֖נוּbe.ya.De.nuH5414H3027sacrificesזְבָחִ֣יםze.va.ChimH2077and burntוְעֹל֑וֹתve.'o.LotH5930offeringsH5930, so that we maysacrificeוְעָשִׂ֖ינוּve.'a.Si.nuH6213themto the Lordלַיהוָ֥הla.Yah.wehH3068our Godאֱלֹהֵֽינוּ׃'e.lo.Hei.nuH430.
26Therefore, our livestockמִקְנֵ֜נוּmik.Ne.nuH4735tooוְגַם־ve.gam-H1571shall goיֵלֵ֣ךְye.LekhH1980with us; not a hoofפַּרְסָ֔הpar.SahH6541shall be leftH7604behindH7604,for we shall takeנִקַּ֔חni.KachH3947someמִמֶּ֣נּוּmi.Me.nuH4480of them to serveלַעֲבֹ֖דla.'a.VodH5647the Lordיְהוָ֣הYah.wehH3068our Godאֱלֹהֵ֑ינוּ'e.lo.Hei.nuH430.And untilעַד־'ad-H5704we arriveבֹּאֵ֖נוּbo.'E.nuH935thereשָֽׁמָּה׃Sha.mahH8033,we ourselvesוַאֲנַ֣חְנוּva.'a.Nach.nuH587do not knowנֵדַ֗עne.Da'H3045with whatמַֽה־mah-H4100we shall serveנַּעֲבֹד֙na.'a.VodH5647the Lordיְהוָ֔הYah.wehH3068.”
28Then Pharaohפַרְעֹ֖הfar.'OhH6547saidוַיֹּֽאמֶר־vai.yo.mer-H559to him, “GetH1980awayH1980from me!BeH8104carefulH8104,do not seeרְא֣וֹתre.'otH7200my faceפָּנַ֔יpa.NaiH6440againתֹּ֙סֶף֙to.sefH3254,for on the dayבְּי֛וֹםbe.YomH3117you seeרְאֹתְךָ֥re.'o.te.KhaH7200my faceפָנַ֖יfa.NaiH6440,you shall dieתָּמֽוּת׃ta.MutH4191!”
Commentaries on Exodus 10
- Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
- Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
- Matthew Henry Concise Commentary
- Tyndale Open Study Notes
- Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary
- Rashi on Tanakh
- Calvin’s Commentaries
- Keil & Delitzsch Commentary
- John Wesley’s Notes
- Darby Translation Notes
- Geneva Bible Translation Notes
- Kingcomments
- Matthew Henry’s Complete Commentary
- Matthew Henry’s Modern English Commentary
- Scofield Reference Notes, 1917 Edition
- Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary
- EGW Writings
New American Standard Bible 2020 — © 1960–2020 The Lockman Foundation. All rights reserved.
Commentaries