New American Standard Bible 2020
Exodus 23
Various Laws
2You shall not followתִהְיֶ֥ה אַחֲרֵֽי־tih.Yeh 'a.cha.rei-H1961H310the crowdרַבִּ֖יםra.BimH7227in doing evilH7463,norH3808shall youtestifyתַעֲנֶ֣הta.'a.NehH6030in a disputeרִ֗בRivH7379so as to joinלִנְטֹ֛תlin.TotH5186togetherאַחֲרֵ֥י'a.cha.ReiH310witha crowdרַבִּ֖יםra.BimH7227in order topervertלְהַטֹּֽת׃le.ha.TotH5186justice;
5Ifכִּֽי־ki-H3588you seeתִרְאֶ֞הtir.'EhH7200the donkeyחֲמ֣וֹרcha.MorH2543of one who hatesשֹׂנַאֲךָ֗so.na.'a.KhaH8130you lyingרֹבֵץ֙ro.VetzH7257helplessunderתַּ֣חַתTa.chatH8478its loadמַשָּׂא֔וֹma.sa.'OH4853,you shall not leaveמֵעֲזֹ֣בme.'a.ZoH5800it helpless forits owner; you mustעָזֹ֥בa.ZoH5800arrangeתַּעֲזֹ֖בta.'a.ZoH5800the load with him.
9“You shall not oppressתִלְחָ֑ץtil.ChatzH3905a strangerוְגֵ֖רve.GerH1616,since you yourselvesH864knowיְדַעְתֶּם֙ye.da'.TemH3045thefeelingsנֶ֣פֶשׁNe.feshH5315of a strangerהַגֵּ֔רha.GerH1616, for you alsowere strangersגֵרִ֥יםge.RimH1616in the landבְּאֶ֥רֶץbe.'E.retzH776of Egyptמִצְרָֽיִם׃mitz.Ra.yimH4714.
The Sabbath and the Land
11but inthe seventhוְהַשְּׁבִיעִ֞תve.ha.she.vi.'ItH7637yearH7637you shall letH8058itrestH8058and lieH5203uncultivatedH5203,so that the needyאֶבְיֹנֵ֣י'ev.yo.NeiH34of your peopleעַמֶּ֔ךָ'a.Me.khaH5971may eatוְאָֽכְלוּ֙ve.'a.khe.LuH398;and whateverH3499they leaveH3499the animalH2421of the fieldהַשָּׂדֶ֑הha.sa.DehH7704may eatתֹּאכַ֖לto.KhalH398.You are to doתַּעֲשֶׂ֥הta.'a.SehH6213the sameכֵּֽן־ken-H3651with your vineyardלְכַרְמְךָ֖le.khar.me.KhaH3754andyour oliveלְזֵיתֶֽךָ׃le.zei.Te.khaH2132groveH2132.
12“For sixשֵׁ֤שֶׁתShe.shetH8337daysיָמִים֙ya.MimH3117you are to doתַּעֲשֶׂ֣הta.'a.SehH6213your workמַעֲשֶׂ֔יךָma.'a.Sei.khaH4639,but on the seventhהַשְּׁבִיעִ֖יha.she.vi.'IH7637dayוּבַיּ֥וֹםu.vai.YomH3117you shall ceaseתִּשְׁבֹּ֑תtish.BotH7673from laborsoלְמַ֣עַןle.Ma.'anH4616thatH4616your oxשֽׁוֹרְךָ֙shor.KhaH7794and your donkeyוַחֲמֹרֶ֔ךָva.cha.mo.Re.khaH2543may restיָנ֗וּחַya.Nu.achH5117,and the sonבֶּן־ben-H1121of your femaleאֲמָתְךָ֖'a.ma.te.KhaH519slaveH519,as well as the strangerוְהַגֵּֽר׃ve.ha.GerH1616residing with you, mayrefreshוְיִנָּפֵ֥שׁve.yi.na.FeshH5314themselves.
13Nowconcerning everythingוּבְכֹ֛לu.ve.KholH3605whichאֲשֶׁר־'a.Sher-H834I have saidאָמַ֥רְתִּי'a.Mar.tiH559to you, beH8104carefulH8104; anddo not mentionתַזְכִּ֔ירוּtaz.Ki.ruH2142the nameוְשֵׁ֨םve.ShemH8034of otherאֲחֵרִים֙'a.che.RimH312godsאֱלֹהִ֤ים'E.lo.HimH430,norH3808let thembe heardיִשָּׁמַ֖עyi.sha.Ma'H8085from your mouthפִּֽיךָ׃Pi.khaH6310.
Three National Feasts
15You shall keepתִּשְׁמֹר֒tish.MorH8104the Feastחַ֣גchagH2282of Unleavenedהַמַּצּוֹת֮ha.ma.tzOtH4682BreadH4682;for sevenשִׁבְעַ֣תshiv.'AtH7651daysיָמִים֩ya.MimH3117you are to eatתֹּאכַ֨לto.KhalH398unleavenedמַצּ֜וֹתma.TzotH4682breadH4682,as I commandedצִוִּיתִ֗ךָtzi.vi.Ti.khaH6680you, at the appointedלְמוֹעֵד֙le.mo.'EdH4150timeH4150in themonthחֹ֣דֶשׁCho.deshH2320of Abibהָֽאָבִ֔יבha.'a.VivH24, for inthat month you cameH3318outH3318of Egyptמִמִּצְרָ֑יִםmi.mitz.Ra.yimH4714. AndnoH3808oneH3808is to appearיֵרָא֥וּye.ra.'UH7200beforeפָנַ֖יfa.NaiH6440Me empty-handedרֵיקָֽם׃rei.KamH7387.
16Also you shall keepthe Feastוְחַ֤גve.ChagH2282of the Harvestהַקָּצִיר֙ha.ka.TzirH7105ofthe firstH1061fruitsH1061of your laborsמַעֲשֶׂ֔יךָma.'a.Sei.khaH4639fromwhatאֲשֶׁ֥ר'a.SherH834you sowתִּזְרַ֖עtiz.Ra'H2232in the fieldבַּשָּׂדֶ֑הba.sa.DehH7704;also the Feastוְחַ֤גve.ChagH2282of the Ingatheringהָֽאָסִף֙ha.'a.SifH614at the endבְּצֵ֣אתbe.TzetH3318of the yearהַשָּׁנָ֔הha.sha.NahH8141when you gatherבְּאָסְפְּךָ֥be.'a.se.pe.KhaH622inH622the fruit ofyour laborsמַעֲשֶׂ֖יךָma.'a.Sei.khaH4639from the fieldהַשָּׂדֶֽה׃ha.sa.DehH7704.
19“You shall bringתָּבִ֕יאta.Vi'H935the choiceרֵאשִׁ֗יתre.ShitH7225firstH1061fruitsH1061of your soilאַדְמָ֣תְךָ֔'ad.Ma.te.khaH127into the houseבֵּ֖יתbeitH1004of the Lordיְהוָ֣הYah.wehH3068your Godאֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ'e.lo.Hei.khaH430. “You are not to boilתְבַשֵּׁ֥לte.va.ShelH1310a youngH1423goatH1423in the milkבַּחֲלֵ֥בba.cha.LevH2461of its motherאִמּֽוֹ׃ ס'i.MoH517.
Conquest of the Land
20“Beholdהִנֵּ֨הhi.NehH2009,I am going to sendשֹׁלֵ֤חַsho.Le.achH7971an angelמַלְאָךְ֙mal.'oKhH4397beforeלְפָנֶ֔יךָle.fa.Nei.khaH6440you to guardלִשְׁמָרְךָ֖lish.ma.re.KhaH8104you along the wayבַּדָּ֑רֶךְba.Da.rekhH1870andto bringוְלַהֲבִ֣יאֲךָ֔ve.la.ha.Vi.'a.khaH935you into the placeהַמָּק֖וֹםha.ma.KomH4725whichאֲשֶׁ֥ר'a.SherH834I have preparedהֲכִנֹֽתִי׃ha.khi.No.tiH3559.
22But ifאִם־'im-H518you trulyשָׁמֹ֤עַsha.Mo.a'H8085obeyתִּשְׁמַע֙tish.Ma'H8085his voiceבְּקֹל֔וֹbe.ko.LoH6963and doוְעָשִׂ֕יתָve.'a.Si.taH6213allכֹּ֖לkolH3605that I sayאֲדַבֵּ֑ר'a.da.BerH1696, thenI will be an enemyH340to your enemiesH340and an adversaryוְצַרְתִּ֖יve.tzar.TiH6696to your adversariesצֹרְרֶֽיךָ׃tzo.re.Rei.khaH6887.
23For My angelמַלְאָכִי֮mal.'a.KhiH4397will goיֵלֵ֣ךְye.LekhH1980beforeלְפָנֶיךָ֒le.fa.nei.KhaH6440you and bringוֶהֱבִֽיאֲךָ֗ve.he.vi.'a.KhaH935you into the land ofthe Amoritesהָֽאֱמֹרִי֙ha.'e.mo.RiH567,the Hittitesוְהַ֣חִתִּ֔יve.Ha.chi.TiH2850,the Perizzitesוְהַפְּרִזִּי֙ve.hap.pe.ri.ZiH6522,the Canaanitesוְהַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֔יve.ha.ke.na.'a.NiH3669,the Hivitesהַחִוִּ֖יha.chi.ViH2340,and the Jebusitesוְהַיְבוּסִ֑יve.hay.vu.SiH2983;and I will completelyH3582destroyH3582them.
24You shall not worshipH2331their godsלֵאלֹֽהֵיהֶם֙le.lo.hei.HemH430,norH3808serveתָֽעָבְדֵ֔םta.'a.ve.DemH5647them, norH3808doתַעֲשֶׂ֖הta.'a.SehH6213according to their deedsכְּמַֽעֲשֵׂיהֶ֑םke.ma.'a.sei.HemH4639;but you shall utterlyהָרֵס֙ha.ResH2040overthrowתְּהָ֣רְסֵ֔םte.Ha.re.SemH2040them and breakH7665theirmemorialH4676stonesH4676inH7665piecesH7665.
25And you shall serveוַעֲבַדְתֶּ֗םva.'a.vad.TemH5647the Lordיְהוָ֣הYah.wehH3068your Godאֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֔ם'e.lo.hei.KhemH430,and He will blessוּבֵרַ֥ךְu.ve.RakhH1288your breadלַחְמְךָ֖lach.me.KhaH3899and your waterמֵימֶ֑יךָmei.Mei.khaH4325; andI will removeוַהֲסִרֹתִ֥יva.ha.si.ro.TiH5493sicknessמַחֲלָ֖הma.cha.LahH4245from your midstמִקִּרְבֶּֽךָ׃mi.kir.Be.chaH7130.
27I willsendאֲשַׁלַּ֣ח'a.sha.LachH7971My terrorאֵֽימָתִי֙'ei.ma.TiH367aheadלְפָנֶ֔יךָle.fa.Nei.khaH6440of you, andthrowH2000intoH2000confusionH2000allכָּל־kol-H3605the peopleהָעָ֔םha.'AmH5971among whomאֲשֶׁ֥ר'a.SherH834you comeתָּבֹ֖אta.Vo'H935, and I willmakeH5414allכָּל־kol-H3605your enemiesH340turnH5414theirbacksעֹֽרֶף׃'O.refH6203to you.
29I will not driveאֲגָרְשֶׁ֛נּוּ'a.ga.re.She.nuH1644them outH1644from you in a singleאֶחָ֑ת'e.ChatH259yearבְּשָׁנָ֣הbe.sha.NahH8141,soH6435thatH6435the landהָאָ֙רֶץ֙ha.'A.retzH776will notH6435becomeתִּהְיֶ֤הtih.YehH1961desolateשְׁמָמָ֔הshe.ma.MahH8077and the animalsH2421of the fieldהַשָּׂדֶֽה׃ha.sa.DehH7704becomeוְרַבָּ֥הve.ra.BahH7231tooעָלֶ֖יךָ'a.Lei.khaH5921numerousH7231for you.
31I will setוְשַׁתִּ֣יve.sha.TiH7896your boundaryגְּבֻלְךָ֗ge.vul.KhaH1366from theRedסוּף֙sufH5488H3220Seaמִיַּם־mi.yam-H3220to the seaיָ֣םyamH3220of the Philistinesפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔יםpe.lish.TimH6430,and from the wildernessוּמִמִּדְבָּ֖רu.mi.mid.BarH4057to the EuphratesRiverהַנָּהָ֑רha.na.HarH5104;for I will handבְּיֶדְכֶ֗םbe.yed.KhemH3027H5414overH5414the inhabitantsיֹשְׁבֵ֣יyo.she.VeiH3427of the landהָאָ֔רֶץha.'A.retzH776to you, and you willdriveוְגֵרַשְׁתָּ֖מוֹve.ge.rash.Ta.movH1644them outH1644from you.
33They shall not liveיֵשְׁבוּ֙ye.she.VuH3427in your landבְּאַרְצְךָ֔be.'ar.tze.KhaH776,otherwiseפֶּן־pen-H6435they will make you sinיַחֲטִ֥יאוּya.cha.Ti.'uH2398against Me; for ifyou serveתַעֲבֹד֙ta.'a.VodH5647their godsאֱלֹ֣הֵיהֶ֔ם'e.Lo.hei.HemH430,it is certainH3588to be a snareלְמוֹקֵֽשׁ׃ פle.mo.KeshH4170to you.”
Commentaries on Exodus 23
- Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
- Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
- Matthew Henry Concise Commentary
- Tyndale Open Study Notes
- Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary
- Rashi on Tanakh
- Calvin’s Commentaries
- Keil & Delitzsch Commentary
- John Wesley’s Notes
- Darby Translation Notes
- Geneva Bible Translation Notes
- Kingcomments
- Matthew Henry’s Complete Commentary
- Matthew Henry’s Modern English Commentary
- Scofield Reference Notes, 1917 Edition
- Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary
- EGW Writings
New American Standard Bible 2020 — © 1960–2020 The Lockman Foundation. All rights reserved.
Commentaries