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Exodus 23
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Exodus 23

New American Standard Bible 2020

Various Laws

1“1You shall not giveH5375 a falseH7723 reportH8088; do not joinH7896 your handH3027 with a wickedH7563 personH7563 to be a 2maliciousH2555 witnessH5707. 2You shall not followH1961H310 3the crowdH7227 in doing evilH7463, norH3808 shall you 4testifyH6030 in a disputeH7379 so as to joinH5186 togetherH310 with 5a crowdH7227 in order to 6pervertH5186 justice; 37norH3808 shall you 8showH1921 favorH1921 to a poorH1800 personH1800 in his disputeH7379.

4“9IfH3588 you encounterH6293 your enemy’sH340 oxH7794 orH176 his donkeyH2543 wanderingH8582 awayH8582, you mustH7725 returnH7725 it to him. 510IfH3588 you seeH7200 the donkeyH2543 of one who hatesH8130 you lyingH7257 helpless underH8478 its loadH4853, you shall not leaveH5800 it helpless for 11its owner; you mustH5800 arrangeH5800 the load with him.

6“12You shall not pervertH5186 the justiceH4941 due to your needyH34 brother in his disputeH7379. 713KeepH7368 farH7368 from a falseH8267 chargeH1697, and 14do not killH2026 the innocentH5355 or the righteousH6662, for 15I will not acquitH6663 the guiltyH7563.

8“16You shall not takeH3947 a bribeH7810, for a bribeH7810 blindsH5786 the clear-sightedH6493 and 17subvertsH5557 the causeH1697 of the justH6662.

9“18You shall not oppressH3905 a strangerH1616, since you yourselvesH864 knowH3045 the 19feelingsH5315 of a strangerH1616, for you also were strangersH1616 in the landH776 of EgyptH4714.

The Sabbath and the Land

10“Now 20you shall sowH2232 your landH776 for sixH8337 yearsH8141 and gatherH622 inH622 its yieldH8393, 11but in the seventhH7637 yearH7637 you shall letH8058 it 21restH8058 and lieH5203 uncultivatedH5203, so that the needyH34 of your peopleH5971 may eatH398; and whateverH3499 they leaveH3499 the animalH2421 of the fieldH7704 may eatH398. You are to doH6213 the sameH3651 with your vineyardH3754 and your oliveH2132 groveH2132.

12“22For sixH8337 daysH3117 you are to doH6213 your workH4639, but on the seventhH7637 dayH3117 you shall ceaseH7673 from labor soH4616 thatH4616 your oxH7794 and your donkeyH2543 may restH5117, and the sonH1121 of your femaleH519 slaveH519, as well as the strangerH1616 residing with you, may refreshH5314 themselves. 13Now 23concerning everythingH3605 whichH834 I have saidH559 to you, beH8104 carefulH8104; and 24do not mentionH2142 the nameH8034 of otherH312 godsH430, norH3808 let them be heardH8085 25from your mouthH6310.

Three National Feasts

14“26ThreeH7969 timesH7272 a yearH8141 you shall celebrateH2287 aH2287 feastH2287 to Me. 15You shall keepH8104 27the FeastH2282 of UnleavenedH4682 BreadH4682; for sevenH7651 daysH3117 you are to eatH398 unleavenedH4682 breadH4682, as I commandedH6680 you, at the appointedH4150 timeH4150 in the 28monthH2320 of AbibH24, for in 29that month you cameH3318 outH3318 of EgyptH4714. And 3031noH3808 oneH3808 is to appearH7200 beforeH6440 Me empty-handedH7387. 16Also you shall keep 32the FeastH2282 of the HarvestH7105 of the firstH1061 fruitsH1061 of your laborsH4639 from whatH834 you sowH2232 in the fieldH7704; also the FeastH2282 of the IngatheringH614 at the endH3318 of the yearH8141 33when you gatherH622 inH622 the fruit of your laborsH4639 from the fieldH7704. 1734ThreeH7969 timesH6471 a yearH8141 allH3605 your malesH2138 shall appearH7200 beforeH6440 the LordH3068 35GodH3068.

18“36You shall not offerH2076 the bloodH1818 of My sacrificeH2077 with leavenedH2557 breadH2557; 37norH3808 is the fatH2459 of My 38feastH2282 to remainH3885 overnightH3885 untilH5704 morningH1242.

19“You shall bringH935 39the choiceH7225 firstH1061 fruitsH1061 of your soilH127 into the houseH1004 of the LordH3068 your GodH430.

“40You are not to boilH1310 a youngH1423 goatH1423 in the milkH2461 of its motherH517.

Conquest of the Land

20“BeholdH2009, I am going to sendH7971 41an angelH4397 beforeH6440 you to guardH8104 you along the wayH1870 and 42to bringH935 you into the placeH4725 whichH834 I have preparedH3559. 21BeH8104 attentiveH8104 to him and obeyH8085 his voiceH6963; 43do not be rebelliousH4784 toward him, for he will not pardonH5375 your rebellionH6588, sinceH3588 44My nameH8034 is in him. 22But ifH518 you trulyH8085 obeyH8085 his voiceH6963 and doH6213 allH3605 that I sayH1696, then 45I will be an enemyH340 to your enemiesH340 and an adversaryH6696 to your adversariesH6887. 2346For My angelH4397 will goH1980 beforeH6440 you and bringH935 you into the land of the AmoritesH567, the HittitesH2850, the PerizzitesH6522, the CanaanitesH3669, the HivitesH2340, and the JebusitesH2983; and I will completelyH3582 destroyH3582 them. 2447You shall not worshipH2331 their godsH430, norH3808 serveH5647 them, norH3808 doH6213 according to their deedsH4639; 48but you shall utterlyH2040 overthrowH2040 them and breakH7665 their 49memorialH4676 stonesH4676 inH7665 piecesH7665. 2550And you shall serveH5647 the LordH3068 your GodH430, 51and He will blessH1288 your breadH3899 and your waterH4325; and 52I will removeH5493 sicknessH4245 from your midstH7130. 26There will be noH3808 one miscarryingH7921 or 53unableH6135 toH6135 haveH6135 childrenH6135 in your landH776; 54I will fulfillH4390 the numberH4557 of your daysH3117. 27I will 55sendH7971 My terrorH367 aheadH6440 of you, and 56throwH2000 intoH2000 confusionH2000 allH3605 the peopleH5971 among whomH834 you comeH935, and I will 57makeH5414 allH3605 your enemiesH340 turnH5414 their backsH6203 to you. 28And I will sendH7971 58hornetsH6880 aheadH6440 of you so that they will 59driveH1644 outH1644 the HivitesH2340, the CanaanitesH3669, and the HittitesH2850 from you. 2960I will not driveH1644 them outH1644 from you in a singleH259 yearH8141, soH6435 thatH6435 the landH776 will notH6435 becomeH1961 desolateH8077 and the animalsH2421 of the fieldH7704 becomeH7231 tooH5921 numerousH7231 for you. 30I will driveH1644 them outH1644 from you 61littleH4592 by littleH4592, untilH5704H834 you becomeH6509 fruitfulH6509 and takeH5157 possessionH5157 of the landH776. 3162I will setH7896 your boundaryH1366 from the 63RedH5488H3220 SeaH3220 to the seaH3220 of the PhilistinesH6430, and from the wildernessH4057 to the Euphrates RiverH5104; 64for I will handH3027H5414 overH5414 the inhabitantsH3427 of the landH776 to you, and you will 65driveH1644 them outH1644 from you. 3266You shall 67makeH3772 noH3808 covenantH1285 with them 68or with their godsH430. 3369They shall not liveH3427 in your landH776, otherwiseH6435 they will make you sinH2398 against Me; for if you serveH5647 their godsH430, 70it is certainH3588 to be a snareH4170 to you.”

Notes

  1. 1. Exodus 23:1 Ex 20:16; Lev 19:11f; Deut 5:20; Ps 101:5; Prov 10:18 ↩
  2. 2. Exodus 23:1 Deut 19:16-21; Ps 35:11; Prov 19:5; Acts 6:11 ↩
  3. 3. Exodus 23:2 Lit many ↩
  4. 4. Exodus 23:2 Or answer ↩
  5. 5. Exodus 23:2 Lit many ↩
  6. 6. Exodus 23:2 Deut 16:19; 24:17 ↩
  7. 7. Exodus 23:3 Ex 23:6; Lev 19:15; Deut 1:17; 16:19 ↩
  8. 8. Exodus 23:3 Lit honor ↩
  9. 9. Exodus 23:4 Deut 22:1-4 ↩
  10. 10. Exodus 23:5 Deut 22:4 ↩
  11. 11. Exodus 23:5 Lit him ↩
  12. 12. Exodus 23:6 Ex 23:2, 3; Lev 19:15 ↩
  13. 13. Exodus 23:7 Ex 20:16; Ps 119:29; Eph 4:25 ↩
  14. 14. Exodus 23:7 Ex 20:13; Deut 27:25 ↩
  15. 15. Exodus 23:7 Ex 34:7; Deut 25:1; Rom 1:18 ↩
  16. 16. Exodus 23:8 Deut 10:17; 16:19; Prov 15:27; 17:8, 23; Is 5:22, 23 ↩
  17. 17. Exodus 23:8 Or distorts the words ↩
  18. 18. Exodus 23:9 Ex 22:21; Lev 19:33f; Deut 24:17f; 27:19 ↩
  19. 19. Exodus 23:9 Lit soul ↩
  20. 20. Exodus 23:10 Lev 25:1-7 ↩
  21. 21. Exodus 23:11 Lit drop ↩
  22. 22. Exodus 23:12 Ex 20:8-11; 31:15; 34:21; 35:2, 3; Lev 23:3; Deut 5:13f ↩
  23. 23. Exodus 23:13 Deut 4:9, 23; 1 Tim 4:16 ↩
  24. 24. Exodus 23:13 Josh 23:7; Ps 16:4; Hos 2:17 ↩
  25. 25. Exodus 23:13 Lit on ↩
  26. 26. Exodus 23:14 Ex 23:17; 34:22-24; Deut 16:16 ↩
  27. 27. Exodus 23:15 Ex 12:14-20; Lev 23:6-8; Num 28:16-25 ↩
  28. 28. Exodus 23:15 Ex 12:2; 13:4 ↩
  29. 29. Exodus 23:15 Lit it ↩
  30. 30. Exodus 23:15 Lit they shall not ↩
  31. 31. Exodus 23:15 Ex 22:29; 34:20 ↩
  32. 32. Exodus 23:16 Ex 34:22; Lev 23:10; Num 28:26 ↩
  33. 33. Exodus 23:16 Lev 23:39 ↩
  34. 34. Exodus 23:17 Ex 23:14; 34:23; Deut 16:16 ↩
  35. 35. Exodus 23:17 Heb YHWH, usually rendered Lord ↩
  36. 36. Exodus 23:18 Ex 34:25; Lev 2:11 ↩
  37. 37. Exodus 23:18 Ex 12:10; Lev 7:15; Deut 16:4 ↩
  38. 38. Exodus 23:18 Or festival ↩
  39. 39. Exodus 23:19 Ex 22:29; 34:26; Deut 26:2, 10; Neh 10:35; Prov 3:9 ↩
  40. 40. Exodus 23:19 Deut 14:21 ↩
  41. 41. Exodus 23:20 Ex 3:2; 14:19; 23:23; 32:34; 33:2 ↩
  42. 42. Exodus 23:20 Ex 15:16, 17 ↩
  43. 43. Exodus 23:21 Deut 9:7; Ps 78:40, 56 ↩
  44. 44. Exodus 23:21 Ex 3:14; 6:3; 34:5-7 ↩
  45. 45. Exodus 23:22 Gen 12:3; Num 24:9; Deut 30:7 ↩
  46. 46. Exodus 23:23 Ex 23:20; Josh 24:8, 11 ↩
  47. 47. Exodus 23:24 Ex 20:5; 23:13, 33; Deut 12:30f ↩
  48. 48. Exodus 23:24 Num 33:52; Deut 7:5; 12:3; 2 Kin 18:4 ↩
  49. 49. Exodus 23:24 Ex 34:13; Lev 26:1; 2 Kin 3:2 ↩
  50. 50. Exodus 23:25 Lev 26:3-13; Deut 6:13; 10:12; 28:1-14; Josh 22:5; 1 Sam 12:20; Matt 4:10 ↩
  51. 51. Exodus 23:25 Or that He may bless ↩
  52. 52. Exodus 23:25 Ex 15:26; Deut 7:15 ↩
  53. 53. Exodus 23:26 Deut 7:14 ↩
  54. 54. Exodus 23:26 Deut 4:40; Job 5:26 ↩
  55. 55. Exodus 23:27 Gen 35:5; Ex 15:16; Deut 2:25; Josh 2:9 ↩
  56. 56. Exodus 23:27 Deut 7:23 ↩
  57. 57. Exodus 23:27 Ps 18:40; 21:12 ↩
  58. 58. Exodus 23:28 Deut 7:20; Josh 24:12 ↩
  59. 59. Exodus 23:28 Ex 33:2; 34:11 ↩
  60. 60. Exodus 23:29 Deut 7:22 ↩
  61. 61. Exodus 23:30 Deut 7:22 ↩
  62. 62. Exodus 23:31 Gen 15:18; Deut 1:7, 8; 11:24 ↩
  63. 63. Exodus 23:31 Lit Sea of Reeds ↩
  64. 64. Exodus 23:31 Deut 2:36; Josh 21:44 ↩
  65. 65. Exodus 23:31 Josh 24:12, 18 ↩
  66. 66. Exodus 23:32 Ex 34:12; Deut 7:2 ↩
  67. 67. Exodus 23:32 Lit cut ↩
  68. 68. Exodus 23:32 Ex 23:13, 24 ↩
  69. 69. Exodus 23:33 Deut 7:1-5, 16 ↩
  70. 70. Exodus 23:33 Ex 34:12; Deut 12:30; Josh 23:13; Judg 2:3; Ps 106:36 ↩

Commentaries on Exodus 23

New American Standard Bible 2020 — © 1960–2020 The Lockman Foundation. All rights reserved.