Isaiah 28
New American Standard Bible 1995
Ephraim’s Captivity Predicted
1WoeH1945 to the proudH1348 crownH5850 of the 1drunkardsH7910 of 2EphraimH669, And to the fadingH5034 flowerH6731 of its gloriousH6643 beautyH6643, WhichH834 is at the headH7218 of the 3fertileH8081 valleyH1516 Of those who are 4overcomeH1986 with wineH3196!2BeholdH2009, the LordH136 has a strongH2389 and 5mightyH533 agent; As a stormH2230 of 6hailH1259, a tempestH8178 of destructionH6986, Like a stormH2230 of 7mightyH3524 overflowingH7857 watersH4325, He has castH5117 it downH5117 to the earthH776 with His handH3027.3The proudH1348 crownH5850 of the drunkardsH7910 of EphraimH669 is 8troddenH7429 under footH7272.4And the fadingH5034 flowerH6731 of its gloriousH6643 beautyH6643, WhichH834 is at the headH7218 of the 9fertileH8081 valleyH1516, Will be like the 10first-ripeH1063 figH1063 priorH2962 to summerH7019, WhichH834 11one seesH7200, And 12as soonH5750 as it is in his 13handH3709, He swallowsH1104 it.5In that dayH3117 the 14LordH3068 of hostsH6635 will becomeH1961 a beautifulH6643 15crownH5850 And a gloriousH8597 diademH6843 to the remnantH7605 of His peopleH5971;6A 16spiritH7307 of justiceH4941 for him who sitsH3427 in judgmentH4941, A 17strengthH1369 to those who repelH7725 the 18onslaughtH4421 at the gateH8179.7And theseH428 alsoH1571 19reelH7686 with wineH3196 and staggerH8582 from strongH7941 drinkH7941: 20The priestH3548 and 21the prophetH5030 reelH7686 with strongH7941 drinkH7941, They are confusedH1104 by wineH3196, they staggerH8582 from 22strongH7941 drinkH7941; They reelH7686 while 23having 24visionsH7203, They totterH6328 when rendering judgmentH6417.8For allH3605 the tablesH7979 are fullH4390 of filthyH6675 25vomitH7006, withoutH1097 a single clean placeH4725.
9“To 26whomH4310 would He teachH3384 knowledgeH1844, And to whomH4310 would He interpretH995 the messageH8052? Those just 27weanedH1580 from milkH2461? Those just takenH6267 from the breastH7699?10For He says, ‘2829OrderH6673 on orderH6673, orderH6673 on orderH6673, LineH6957 on lineH6957, lineH6957 on lineH6957, A littleH2191 hereH8033, a littleH2191 thereH8033.’”11IndeedH3588, He will speakH1696 to thisH2088 peopleH5971 Through 30stammeringH3934 lipsH8193 and a foreignH312 tongueH3956,12He whoH834 saidH559 to them, “HereH2088 is 31restH4496, giveH5117 restH5117 to the wearyH5889,” And, “HereH2088 is reposeH4774,” but they wouldH14 not listenH8085.13So the wordH1697 of the LordH3068 to them will be, “32OrderH6673 on orderH6673, orderH6673 on orderH6673, LineH6957 on lineH6957, lineH6957 on lineH6957, A littleH2191 hereH8033, a littleH2191 thereH8033,” That they may goH1980 and 33stumbleH3782 backwardH268, be brokenH7665, snaredH3369 and takenH3920 captiveH3920.
Judah Is Warned
14ThereforeH3651, 34hearH8085 the wordH1697 of the LordH3068, O 35scoffersH582H3944, Who ruleH4910 thisH2088 peopleH5971 whoH834 are in JerusalemH3389,15BecauseH3588 you have saidH559, “We have madeH3772 a 36covenantH1285 with deathH4194, And with 37SheolH7585 we have madeH6213 a 38pactH2374. 39The overwhelmingH7857 40scourgeH7752 will not reachH935 us whenH3588 it passesH5674 by, For we have madeH7760 41falsehoodH3577 our refugeH4268 and we have 42concealedH5641 ourselves with deceptionH8267.” 16ThereforeH3651 thusH3541 saysH559 the LordH136 43GodH3068, “44BeholdH2009, I am layingH3245 in ZionH6726 a stoneH68, a testedH976 45stoneH68, A costlyH3368 cornerstoneH6438 for the foundationH4143, 46firmlyH3245 placedH3245. He who believesH539 in it will not be 47disturbedH2363.17I will makeH7760 48justiceH4941 the measuringH6957 lineH6957 And righteousnessH6666 the levelH4949; Then 49hailH1259 will sweepH3261 awayH3261 the refugeH4268 of liesH3577 And the watersH4325 will overflowH7857 the secretH5643 placeH5643.18Your 50covenantH1285 with deathH4194 will be 5152canceledH3722, And your pactH2380 with SheolH7585 will not standH6965; WhenH3588 the 53overwhelmingH7857 scourgeH7752 passesH5674 throughH5674, Then you becomeH1961 its 54tramplingH4823 place.19As 55oftenH1767 as it passesH5674 throughH5674, it will 56seizeH3947 you; For 57morningH1242 after morningH1242 it will passH5674 throughH5674, anytime during the dayH3117 or nightH3915, And it will be 58sheerH7534 59terrorH2113 to understandH995 60whatH8052 it meansH8052.”20The bedH4702 is tooH4480 shortH7114 on which to stretchH8311 out, And the 61blanketH4541 is too 62smallH6887 to wrapH3664 oneself in.21For the LordH3068 will riseH6965 up as at MountH2022 63PerazimH6559, He will be stirredH7264 up as in the valleyH6010 of 64GibeonH1391, To doH6213 His 65taskH4639, His 6667unusualH2114 taskH4639, And to workH5647 His workH5656, His 68extraordinaryH5237 workH5656.22And nowH6258 do not carryH3917 on as 69scoffersH3917, OrH6435 your fettersH4147 will be madeH2388 strongerH2388; For I have heardH8085 from the LordH136 70GodH3068 of hostsH6635 Of decisiveH2782 71destructionH3617 on allH3605 the earthH776.
23GiveH238 earH238 and hearH8085 my voiceH6963, ListenH7181 and hearH8085 my wordsH565.24Does the 72farmerH2790 plowH2790 73continuallyH3605H3117 to plantH2232 seedH2232? Does he continually 74turnH6605 and harrowH7702 the groundH127?25Does he not levelH7737 its surfaceH6440 And sowH6327 dillH7100 and scatterH2236 75cumminH3646 And 76plantH7760 77wheatH2406 in rowsH7795, BarleyH8184 in its placeH5567 and ryeH3698 within its 78areaH1367?26For his GodH430 instructsH3256 and teachesH3384 him properlyH4941.27For dillH7100 is not threshedH1758 with a 79threshingH2742 sledgeH2742, NorH3808 is the cartwheelH5699 80drivenH5437 overH5921 cumminH3646; But dillH7100 is beatenH2251 out with a rodH4294, and cumminH3646 with a clubH7626.28Grain for breadH3899 is crushedH1854, IndeedH3588, he does not continueH1758 to threshH1758 it foreverH5331. Because the wheelH1536 of his cartH5699 and his horsesH6571 eventually 81damageH2000 it, He does not threshH1854 it longer.29ThisH2088 alsoH1571 comesH3318 from the LordH3068 of hostsH6635, Who has madeH6381 His counselH6098 82wonderfulH6381 and His wisdomH8454 83greatH1431.
Notes
- 1. Isaiah 28:1 Is 28:7; Hos 7:5 ↩
- 2. Isaiah 28:1 Is 9:9 ↩
- 3. Isaiah 28:1 Lit valley of fatness ↩
- 4. Isaiah 28:1 Lit smitten ↩
- 5. Isaiah 28:2 Is 8:7; 40:10 ↩
- 6. Isaiah 28:2 Is 28:17; 30:30; 32:19; Ezek 13:11 ↩
- 7. Isaiah 28:2 Is 8:6, 7; 30:28; Nah 1:8 ↩
- 8. Isaiah 28:3 Is 26:6; 28:18 ↩
- 9. Isaiah 28:4 Lit valley of fatness ↩
- 10. Isaiah 28:4 Hos 9:10; Mic 7:1; Nah 3:12 ↩
- 11. Isaiah 28:4 Lit the one seeing sees ↩
- 12. Isaiah 28:4 Lit while it is yet ↩
- 13. Isaiah 28:4 Lit palm ↩
- 14. Isaiah 28:5 Is 41:16; 45:25; 60:1, 19 ↩
- 15. Isaiah 28:5 Is 62:3 ↩
- 16. Isaiah 28:6 1 Kin 3:28; Is 11:2; 32:15, 16; John 5:30 ↩
- 17. Isaiah 28:6 2 Chr 32:6-8; Is 25:4 ↩
- 18. Isaiah 28:6 Lit battle ↩
- 19. Isaiah 28:7 Is 5:11, 22; 22:13; 56:12; Hos 4:11 ↩
- 20. Isaiah 28:7 Is 24:2 ↩
- 21. Isaiah 28:7 Is 9:15 ↩
- 22. Isaiah 28:7 Hab 2:15, 16 ↩
- 23. Isaiah 28:7 Lit seeing ↩
- 24. Isaiah 28:7 Is 29:11 ↩
- 25. Isaiah 28:8 Jer 48:26 ↩
- 26. Isaiah 28:9 Is 2:3; 28:26; 30:20; 48:17; 50:4; 54:13 ↩
- 27. Isaiah 28:9 Ps 131:2 ↩
- 28. Isaiah 28:10 Heb Sav lasav, sav lasav, Kav lakav, kav lakav, Ze’ er sham, ze’ er sham These Hebrew monosyllables, imitating the babbling of a child, mock the prophet’s preaching ↩
- 29. Isaiah 28:10 2 Chr 36:15; Neh 9:30 ↩
- 30. Isaiah 28:11 Is 33:19; 1 Cor 14:21 ↩
- 31. Isaiah 28:12 Is 11:10; 30:15; 32:17, 18; Jer 6:16; Matt 11:28, 29 ↩
- 32. Isaiah 28:13 V 10, note 1 The Lord responds to their scoffing by imitating their mockery, to represent the unintelligible language of a conqueror ↩
- 33. Isaiah 28:13 Is 8:15; Matt 21:44 ↩
- 34. Isaiah 28:14 Is 1:10; 28:22 ↩
- 35. Isaiah 28:14 Is 29:20 ↩
- 36. Isaiah 28:15 Is 28:18 ↩
- 37. Isaiah 28:15 I.e. the nether world ↩
- 38. Isaiah 28:15 So some ancient versions; Heb seer ↩
- 39. Isaiah 28:15 Is 8:8; 28:2; 30:28; Dan 11:22 ↩
- 40. Isaiah 28:15 Or flood ↩
- 41. Isaiah 28:15 Is 9:15; 30:9; 44:20; 59:3, 4; Ezek 13:22 ↩
- 42. Isaiah 28:15 Is 29:15 ↩
- 43. Isaiah 28:16 Heb YHWH, usually rendered Lord ↩
- 44. Isaiah 28:16 Rom 9:33; 10:11; 1 Pet 2:6 ↩
- 45. Isaiah 28:16 Ps 118:22; Is 8:14, 15; Matt 21:42; Mark 12:10; Luke 20:17; Acts 4:11; Eph 2:20 ↩
- 46. Isaiah 28:16 Lit well-laid ↩
- 47. Isaiah 28:16 Lit in a hurry ↩
- 48. Isaiah 28:17 2 Kin 21:13; Is 5:16; 30:18; 61:8; Amos 7:7-9 ↩
- 49. Isaiah 28:17 Is 28:2 ↩
- 50. Isaiah 28:18 Is 28:15 ↩
- 51. Isaiah 28:18 Lit covered over ↩
- 52. Isaiah 28:18 Is 7:7; 8:10 ↩
- 53. Isaiah 28:18 Is 28:15 ↩
- 54. Isaiah 28:18 Is 28:3; Dan 8:13 ↩
- 55. Isaiah 28:19 2 Kin 24:2 ↩
- 56. Isaiah 28:19 Lit take ↩
- 57. Isaiah 28:19 Is 50:4 ↩
- 58. Isaiah 28:19 Lit only ↩
- 59. Isaiah 28:19 Job 6:4; 18:11; 24:17; Ps 55:4; 88:15; Lam 2:22 ↩
- 60. Isaiah 28:19 Lit the report, or, the message ↩
- 61. Isaiah 28:20 Is 59:6 ↩
- 62. Isaiah 28:20 Lit narrow ↩
- 63. Isaiah 28:21 2 Sam 5:20; 1 Chr 14:11 ↩
- 64. Isaiah 28:21 Josh 10:10, 12; 2 Sam 5:25; 1 Chr 14:16 ↩
- 65. Isaiah 28:21 Is 10:12; 29:14; 65:7 ↩
- 66. Isaiah 28:21 Lit task is strange ↩
- 67. Isaiah 28:21 Lam 2:15; 3:33; Luke 19:41-44 ↩
- 68. Isaiah 28:21 Lit work is alien ↩
- 69. Isaiah 28:22 Is 28:14 ↩
- 70. Isaiah 28:22 Heb YHWH, usually rendered Lord ↩
- 71. Isaiah 28:22 Is 10:22, 23 ↩
- 72. Isaiah 28:24 Lit plowman ↩
- 73. Isaiah 28:24 Lit all day ↩
- 74. Isaiah 28:24 Lit open ↩
- 75. Isaiah 28:25 Matt 23:23 ↩
- 76. Isaiah 28:25 Lit put ↩
- 77. Isaiah 28:25 Ex 9:32 ↩
- 78. Isaiah 28:25 Lit region ↩
- 79. Isaiah 28:27 Amos 1:3 ↩
- 80. Isaiah 28:27 Lit rolled ↩
- 81. Isaiah 28:28 Lit discomfit ↩
- 82. Isaiah 28:29 Is 9:6 ↩
- 83. Isaiah 28:29 Is 31:2; Rom 11:33 ↩
Commentaries on Isaiah 28
- Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
- Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
- Matthew Henry Concise Commentary
- Tyndale Open Study Notes
- Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary
- Rashi on Tanakh
- Calvin’s Commentaries
- Keil & Delitzsch Commentary
- John Wesley’s Notes
- Darby Translation Notes
- Geneva Bible Translation Notes
- Kingcomments
- Matthew Henry’s Complete Commentary
- Matthew Henry’s Modern English Commentary
- Scofield Reference Notes, 1917 Edition
- Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary
- EGW Writings
New American Standard Bible 1995 — © 1960–1995 The Lockman Foundation. All rights reserved.
Commentaries