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Psalms 78
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New American Standard Bible 2020

Psalms 78

God’s Guidance of His People in Spite of Their Unfaithfulness.

A Possibly, Contemplative; or Didactic; or Skillful PsalmMaskil of Asaph.

11ListenH238, my peopleH5971, to my 2instructionH8451; 3InclineH5186 your earsH241 to the wordsH561 of my mouthH6310.2I will 4openH6605 my mouthH6310 in a parableH4912; I will tellH5042 5riddlesH2420 of oldH6924,3WhichH834 we have heardH8085 and knownH3045, And 6our fathersH1 have toldH5608 us.4We will 7not concealH3582 them from their childrenH1121, But we will 8tellH5608 the generationH1755 to comeH314 the praisesH8416 of the LordH3068, And His powerH5807 and His 9wondrousH6381 worksH6381 that He has doneH6213.

5For He establishedH6965 a 10testimonyH5715 in JacobH3290, And appointedH7760 a 11lawH8451 in IsraelH3478, WhichH834 He 12commandedH6680 our fathersH1 That they were to 1314teachH3045 them to their childrenH1121,615SoH4616 thatH4616 the generationH1755 to comeH314 would knowH3045, 16the childrenH1121 yet to be bornH3205, That they would ariseH6965 and 17tellH5608 them to their childrenH1121,7So that they would putH7760 their confidenceH3689 in GodH430 And 18not forgetH7911 the worksH4611 of GodH410, But 19complyH5341 withH5341 His commandmentsH4687,8And 20not be like their fathersH1, A 21stubbornH5637 and rebelliousH4784 generationH1755, A generationH1755 that 22did not 23prepareH3559 its heartH3820 And whose spiritH7307 was not 24faithfulH539 to GodH410.

9The sonsH1121 of EphraimH669 25were 26archersH7411 equippedH5401 with bowsH7198, Yet 27they turnedH2015 backH2015 on the dayH3117 of battleH7128.10They 28did not keepH8104 the covenantH1285 of GodH430 And refusedH3985 to 29walkH1980 in His LawH8451;11They 30forgotH7911 His deedsH5949 And His 31miraclesH6381 that He had shownH7200 them.1232He performedH6213 wondersH6382 beforeH5048 their fathersH1 In the landH776 of EgyptH4714, in the 33fieldH7704 of ZoanH6814.13He 34dividedH1234 the seaH3220 and caused them to passH5674 throughH5674, And He made the watersH4325 standH5324 35upH5324 likeH3644 a heapH5067.14Then He ledH5148 them with the cloudH6051 by 36dayH3119 And allH3605 the nightH3915 with a 37lightH216 of fireH784.15He 38splitH1234 the rocksH6697 in the wildernessH4057 And gaveH8248 them plentyH7227 toH8248 drinkH8248 like the oceanH8415 depthsH8415.16He 39broughtH3318 forthH3318 streamsH5140 from the rockH5553 And made watersH4325 runH3381 downH3381 like riversH5104.

17Yet they stillH5750 continuedH3254 to sinH2398 against Him, To 40rebelH4784 against the MostH5945 HighH5945 in the desertH6723.18And in their heartH3824 they 41putH5254 GodH410 toH5254 theH5254 testH5254 By askingH7592 for 42foodH3978 43that suited their tasteH5315.19Then they spokeH1696 against GodH430; They saidH559, “44CanH3201 GodH410 prepareH6186 a tableH7979 in the wildernessH4057?20BeholdH2005, He 45struckH5221 the rockH6697 so that watersH4325 gushedH2100 outH2100, And streamsH5158 were overflowingH7857; CanH3201 He alsoH1571 provideH5414 breadH3899? Will He prepareH3559 46meatH7607 for His peopleH5971?”

21ThereforeH3651 the LordH3068 heardH8085 and 47wasH5674 48fullH5674 ofH5674 wrathH5674; And a fireH784 was kindledH5400 against JacobH3290, And angerH639 alsoH1571 mountedH5927 against IsraelH3478,22BecauseH3588 they 49did not believeH539 in GodH430 And did not trustH982 in His salvationH3444.23Yet He commandedH6680 the cloudsH7834 aboveH4480H4605 And 50openedH6605 the doorsH1817 of heavenH8064;24He 51rainedH4305 downH4305 mannaH4478 upon them to eatH398, And gaveH5414 them 5253foodH1715 from heavenH8064.25ManH376 ateH398 the breadH3899 of 54angelsH47; He sentH7971 them 55foodH6720 5657in abundanceH7648.26He 58made the eastH6921 windH6921 blowH5265 in the skyH8064 And by His 59powerH5797 He directedH5090 the southH8486 windH8486.27When He rainedH4305 meatH7607 upon them like the dustH6083, Even 60wingedH3671 fowlH5775 like the sandH2344 of the seasH3220,28He let them fallH5307 in the midstH7130 of 61their campH4264, AllH5439 aroundH5439 their dwellingsH4908.29So they 62ateH398 and were wellH3966 filledH7646, And He 63satisfiedH935 their longingH8378.3064Yet before they had abandonedH2114 their longingH8378, 65WhileH5750 their foodH400 was in their mouthsH6310,31The 66angerH639 of GodH430 roseH5927 against them And killedH2026 67some of their 68strongestH4924 ones, And 69subduedH3766 the choiceH970 menH977 of IsraelH3478.32In spite of allH3605 thisH2088 they 70stillH5750 sinnedH2398 And 71did not believeH539 in His wonderfulH6381 worksH6381.33So He broughtH3615 72their daysH3117 toH3615 anH3615 endH3615 in futilityH1892, And their yearsH8141 to an end in suddenH928 terrorH928.

34WhenH518 He killedH2026 them, then they 73soughtH1875 Him, And they returnedH7725 and searchedH7836 74diligentlyH7836 for GodH410;35And they rememberedH2142 that GodH430 was their 75rockH6697, And the MostH5945 HighH5945 GodH410 their 76RedeemerH1350.36But they 77flatteredH6601 Him with their mouthH6310 And 78liedH3576 to Him with their tongueH3956.37For their heartH3820 was not 79steadfastH3559 towardH5973 Him, NorH3808 were they faithfulH539 with His covenantH1285.38But He, being 80compassionateH7349, 8182forgaveH3722 their wrongdoingH5771 and did not destroyH7843 them; And oftenH7235 He 8384restrainedH7725 His angerH639 And did not stirH5782 upH5782 allH3605 His wrathH2534.39So 85He rememberedH2142 that they were only 86fleshH1320, A 8788windH7307 that passesH1980 and does not returnH7725.

40HowH4100 oftenH4100 they 89rebelledH4784 against Him in the wildernessH4057 And 90grievedH6087 Him in the 91desertH3452!41AgainH7725 and again they 9293temptedH5254 GodH410, And painedH8428 the 94HolyH6918 OneH6918 of IsraelH3478.42They 95did not rememberH2142 96His 97powerH3027, The dayH3117 whenH834 He 98redeemedH6299 them from the enemyH6862,43WhenH834 He performedH7760 His 99signsH226 in EgyptH4714 And His 100marvelsH4159 in the fieldH7704 of ZoanH6814,44And 101turnedH2015 their riversH2975 to bloodH1818, And their streamsH5140, so that they could not drinkH8354.45He sentH7971 swarmsH6157 ofH6157 102fliesH6157 among them that devouredH398 them, And 103frogsH6854 that destroyedH7843 them.46He also gaveH5414 their cropsH2981 to the 104grasshopperH2625 And the productH3018 ofH3018 their laborH3018 to the 105locustH697.47He 106destroyedH2026 their vinesH1612 with 107hailstonesH1259 And their sycamoreH8256 treesH8256 with frostH2602.48He also turnedH5462 their 108cattleH1165 overH5462 to the hailstonesH1259, And their herdsH4735 to boltsH7565 ofH7565 lightningH7565.49He 109sentH7971 His burningH2740 angerH639 upon them, FuryH5678 and indignationH2195 and troubleH6869, A bandH4917 of 110destroyingH7451 angelsH4397.50He leveledH6424 a pathH5410 for His angerH639; He did not spareH2820 their soulsH5315 from deathH4194, But 111turnedH5462 their livesH2421 overH5462 to the plagueH1698,51And 112struckH5221 allH3605 the firstbornH1060 in EgyptH4714, The 113firstH7225 andH7225 bestH7225 of their vigorH202 in the tentsH168 of 114HamH2526.52But He 115ledH5265 His own peopleH5971 outH5265 like sheepH6629, And guidedH5090 them in the wildernessH4057 116like a flockH5739;53He ledH5148 them 117safelyH983, so that they did not fearH6342; But 118the seaH3220 engulfedH3680 their enemiesH340.

54So 119He broughtH935 them to His holyH6944 120landH1366, To thisH2088 121122hillH2022 countryH2022 123which His rightH3225 handH3225 had gainedH7069.55He also 124droveH1644 outH1644 the nationsH1471 from them And 125apportionedH5307 them as an inheritanceH5159 by measurementH2256, And had the tribesH7626 of IsraelH3478 dwellH7931 in their tentsH168.56Yet they 126127temptedH5254 and 128rebelledH4784 againstH854 the MostH5945 HighH5945 GodH430 And did not keepH8104 His testimoniesH5713,57But turnedH5472 backH5472 and 129actedH898 treacherouslyH898 like their fathersH1; They 130turnedH2015 asideH2015 like a treacherousH7423 bowH7198.58For they 131provokedH3707 Him with their 132highH1116 placesH1116 And 133movedH7065 Him toH7065 jealousyH7065 with their 134carvedH6456 imagesH6456.59When GodH430 heardH8085 them, He 135was filledH5674 withH5674 136wrathH5674 And He utterlyH3966 137rejectedH3988 IsraelH3478;60So that He 138abandonedH5203 the 139dwellingH4908 placeH4908 at ShilohH7887, The tentH168 140which He had pitchedH7931 among peopleH120,61And He gaveH5414 upH5414 His 141strengthH5797 to captivityH7628 And His gloryH8597 142into the handH3027 of the enemyH6862.62He also 143turnedH5462 His peopleH5971 overH5462 to the swordH2719, And 144was filledH5674 withH5674 wrathH5674 at His inheritanceH5159.63145FireH784 devouredH398 146His youngH970 menH970, And 147His 148virginsH1330 hadH1984 noH3808 weddingH1984 songsH1984.64149His 150priestsH3548 fellH5307 by the swordH2719, And 151His 152widowsH490 could not weepH1058.

65Then the LordH136 153awokeH3364 as if from sleepH3463, Like a 154warriorH1368 155overcomeH7320 by wineH3196.66He 156157droveH5221 His adversariesH6862 backwardH268; He putH5414 on them an everlastingH5769 disgraceH2781.67He also 158rejectedH3988 the tentH168 of JosephH3130, And did not chooseH977 the tribeH7626 of EphraimH669,68But choseH977 the tribeH7626 of JudahH3063, MountH2022 159ZionH6726, whichH834 He lovedH157.69And He 160builtH1129 His sanctuaryH4720 likeH3644 the heightsH7311, Like the earthH776 which He has establishedH3245 foreverH5769.70He also 161choseH977 His servantH5650 DavidH1732 And tookH3947 him from the sheepfoldsH6629H4356;71From 162163the careH310 of the 164ewesH5763 165withH5763 nursingH5763 lambsH5763 He broughtH935 him To 166shepherdH7462 JacobH3290 His peopleH5971, And IsraelH3478 167His inheritanceH5159.72So he shepherdedH7462 them according to the 168integrityH8537 of his heartH3824, And guidedH5148 them with his skillfulH8394 handsH3709.

Notes

  1. 1. Psalms 78:1 Is 51:4 ↩
  2. 2. Psalms 78:1 Or law, teaching ↩
  3. 3. Psalms 78:1 Is 55:3 ↩
  4. 4. Psalms 78:2 Ps 49:4; Matt 13:35 ↩
  5. 5. Psalms 78:2 Prov 1:6 ↩
  6. 6. Psalms 78:3 Ps 44:1 ↩
  7. 7. Psalms 78:4 Ex 12:26; Deut 6:7; 11:19; Job 15:18; Ps 145:4; Is 38:19; Joel 1:3 ↩
  8. 8. Psalms 78:4 Ex 13:8, 14; Ps 22:30 ↩
  9. 9. Psalms 78:4 Job 37:16; Ps 26:7; 71:17 ↩
  10. 10. Psalms 78:5 Ps 19:7; 81:5; Is 8:20 ↩
  11. 11. Psalms 78:5 Ps 147:19 ↩
  12. 12. Psalms 78:5 Deut 6:4-9 ↩
  13. 13. Psalms 78:5 Lit make them known ↩
  14. 14. Psalms 78:5 Deut 4:9 ↩
  15. 15. Psalms 78:6 Ps 102:18 ↩
  16. 16. Psalms 78:6 Ps 22:31 ↩
  17. 17. Psalms 78:6 Deut 11:19 ↩
  18. 18. Psalms 78:7 Deut 4:9; 6:12; 8:14 ↩
  19. 19. Psalms 78:7 Deut 4:2; 5:1, 29; 27:1; Josh 22:5 ↩
  20. 20. Psalms 78:8 2 Kin 17:14; 2 Chr 30:7; Ezek 20:18 ↩
  21. 21. Psalms 78:8 Ex 32:9; Deut 9:7, 24; 31:27; Judg 2:19; Is 30:9 ↩
  22. 22. Psalms 78:8 Job 11:13; Ps 78:37 ↩
  23. 23. Psalms 78:8 Or put right ↩
  24. 24. Psalms 78:8 Ps 51:10 ↩
  25. 25. Psalms 78:9 Or being ↩
  26. 26. Psalms 78:9 1 Chr 12:2 ↩
  27. 27. Psalms 78:9 Judg 20:39; Ps 78:57 ↩
  28. 28. Psalms 78:10 Judg 2:20; 1 Kin 11:11; 2 Kin 17:15; 18:12 ↩
  29. 29. Psalms 78:10 Ps 119:1; Jer 32:23; 44:10, 23 ↩
  30. 30. Psalms 78:11 Ps 106:13 ↩
  31. 31. Psalms 78:11 Or wonderful works ↩
  32. 32. Psalms 78:12 Ex chs 7-12; Ps 106:22 ↩
  33. 33. Psalms 78:12 Num 13:22; Ps 78:43; Is 19:11; 30:4; Ezek 30:14 ↩
  34. 34. Psalms 78:13 Ex 14:21; Ps 74:13; 136:13 ↩
  35. 35. Psalms 78:13 Ex 15:8; Ps 33:7 ↩
  36. 36. Psalms 78:14 Ex 13:21; Ps 105:39 ↩
  37. 37. Psalms 78:14 Ex 14:24 ↩
  38. 38. Psalms 78:15 Ex 17:6; Num 20:11; Ps 105:41; 114:8; Is 48:21; 1 Cor 10:4 ↩
  39. 39. Psalms 78:16 Num 20:8, 10, 11 ↩
  40. 40. Psalms 78:17 Deut 9:22; Is 63:10; Heb 3:16 ↩
  41. 41. Psalms 78:18 Ex 17:6; Deut 6:16; Ps 78:41, 56; 95:9; 106:14; 1 Cor 10:9 ↩
  42. 42. Psalms 78:18 Num 11:4 ↩
  43. 43. Psalms 78:18 Lit to their soul ↩
  44. 44. Psalms 78:19 Ex 16:3; Num 11:4; 20:3; 21:5; Ps 23:5 ↩
  45. 45. Psalms 78:20 Num 20:11; Ps 78:15, 16 ↩
  46. 46. Psalms 78:20 Num 11:18 ↩
  47. 47. Psalms 78:21 Or became infuriated ↩
  48. 48. Psalms 78:21 Num 11:1 ↩
  49. 49. Psalms 78:22 Deut 1:32; 9:23; Heb 3:18 ↩
  50. 50. Psalms 78:23 Gen 7:11; Mal 3:10 ↩
  51. 51. Psalms 78:24 Ex 16:4 ↩
  52. 52. Psalms 78:24 Lit grain ↩
  53. 53. Psalms 78:24 Ps 105:40; John 6:31 ↩
  54. 54. Psalms 78:25 Lit mighty ones ↩
  55. 55. Psalms 78:25 Or provision ↩
  56. 56. Psalms 78:25 Lit to satiation ↩
  57. 57. Psalms 78:25 Ex 16:3 ↩
  58. 58. Psalms 78:26 Num 11:31 ↩
  59. 59. Psalms 78:26 Or strength ↩
  60. 60. Psalms 78:27 Ex 16:13; Ps 105:40 ↩
  61. 61. Psalms 78:28 Lit His ↩
  62. 62. Psalms 78:29 Num 11:19, 20 ↩
  63. 63. Psalms 78:29 Lit brought to them their ↩
  64. 64. Psalms 78:30 Lit They did not turn away from their ↩
  65. 65. Psalms 78:30 Num 11:33 ↩
  66. 66. Psalms 78:31 Num 11:33, 34; Job 20:23 ↩
  67. 67. Psalms 78:31 Lit among their fat ones ↩
  68. 68. Psalms 78:31 Is 10:16 ↩
  69. 69. Psalms 78:31 Lit caused to bow down ↩
  70. 70. Psalms 78:32 Num chs 14, 16, 17 ↩
  71. 71. Psalms 78:32 Num 14:11; Ps 78:11 ↩
  72. 72. Psalms 78:33 Num 14:29, 35 ↩
  73. 73. Psalms 78:34 Num 21:7; Hos 5:15 ↩
  74. 74. Psalms 78:34 Ps 63:1 ↩
  75. 75. Psalms 78:35 Deut 32:4 ↩
  76. 76. Psalms 78:35 Ex 15:13; Deut 9:26; Ps 74:2; Is 41:14 ↩
  77. 77. Psalms 78:36 Ex 24:7, 8; Ezek 33:31 ↩
  78. 78. Psalms 78:36 Ex 32:7, 8; Is 57:11 ↩
  79. 79. Psalms 78:37 Ps 51:10; 78:8; Acts 8:21 ↩
  80. 80. Psalms 78:38 Ex 34:6 ↩
  81. 81. Psalms 78:38 Lit covered over, atoned for ↩
  82. 82. Psalms 78:38 Num 14:18-20 ↩
  83. 83. Psalms 78:38 Lit turned away ↩
  84. 84. Psalms 78:38 Is 48:9 ↩
  85. 85. Psalms 78:39 Job 10:9; Ps 103:14 ↩
  86. 86. Psalms 78:39 Gen 6:3 ↩
  87. 87. Psalms 78:39 Or breath ↩
  88. 88. Psalms 78:39 Job 7:7, 16; Ps 103:14; James 4:14 ↩
  89. 89. Psalms 78:40 Ps 95:8, 9; 106:43; 107:11; Heb 3:16 ↩
  90. 90. Psalms 78:40 Ps 95:10; Is 63:10; Eph 4:30 ↩
  91. 91. Psalms 78:40 Ps 106:14 ↩
  92. 92. Psalms 78:41 Or put God to the test ↩
  93. 93. Psalms 78:41 Num 14:22 ↩
  94. 94. Psalms 78:41 2 Kin 19:22; Ps 89:18 ↩
  95. 95. Psalms 78:42 Judg 8:34 ↩
  96. 96. Psalms 78:42 Ps 44:3 ↩
  97. 97. Psalms 78:42 Lit hand ↩
  98. 98. Psalms 78:42 Ps 106:10 ↩
  99. 99. Psalms 78:43 Ps 105:27 ↩
  100. 100. Psalms 78:43 Ex 4:21; 7:3 ↩
  101. 101. Psalms 78:44 Ex 7:20; Ps 105:29 ↩
  102. 102. Psalms 78:45 Ex 8:24; Ps 105:31 ↩
  103. 103. Psalms 78:45 Ex 8:6; Ps 105:30 ↩
  104. 104. Psalms 78:46 1 Kin 8:37; Ps 105:34 ↩
  105. 105. Psalms 78:46 Ex 10:14 ↩
  106. 106. Psalms 78:47 Lit was killing ↩
  107. 107. Psalms 78:47 Ex 9:23-25; Ps 105:32 ↩
  108. 108. Psalms 78:48 Ex 9:19 ↩
  109. 109. Psalms 78:49 Ex 15:7 ↩
  110. 110. Psalms 78:49 Lit angels of evil ones; another reading is evil angels ↩
  111. 111. Psalms 78:50 Ex 12:29, 30 ↩
  112. 112. Psalms 78:51 Ex 12:29; Ps 105:36; 135:8; 136:10 ↩
  113. 113. Psalms 78:51 Gen 49:3 ↩
  114. 114. Psalms 78:51 Ps 105:23, 27; 106:22 ↩
  115. 115. Psalms 78:52 Ex 15:22 ↩
  116. 116. Psalms 78:52 Ps 77:20 ↩
  117. 117. Psalms 78:53 Ex 14:19, 20 ↩
  118. 118. Psalms 78:53 Ex 14:27, 28; Ps 106:11 ↩
  119. 119. Psalms 78:54 Ex 15:17 ↩
  120. 120. Psalms 78:54 Lit border, territory ↩
  121. 121. Psalms 78:54 Or mountain ↩
  122. 122. Psalms 78:54 Ps 68:16; Is 11:9 ↩
  123. 123. Psalms 78:54 Ps 44:3 ↩
  124. 124. Psalms 78:55 Josh 11:16-23; Ps 44:2 ↩
  125. 125. Psalms 78:55 Josh 13:7; 23:4; Ps 105:11; 135:12 ↩
  126. 126. Psalms 78:56 Or put to the test ↩
  127. 127. Psalms 78:56 Ps 78:18 ↩
  128. 128. Psalms 78:56 Judg 2:11-13; Ps 78:40 ↩
  129. 129. Psalms 78:57 Ezek 20:27, 28 ↩
  130. 130. Psalms 78:57 Hos 7:16 ↩
  131. 131. Psalms 78:58 Deut 4:25; Judg 2:12; 1 Kin 14:9; Is 65:3 ↩
  132. 132. Psalms 78:58 Lev 26:30; 1 Kin 3:2; 2 Kin 16:4; Jer 17:3 ↩
  133. 133. Psalms 78:58 Deut 32:16, 21; 1 Kin 14:22 ↩
  134. 134. Psalms 78:58 Ex 20:4; Lev 26:1; Deut 4:25 ↩
  135. 135. Psalms 78:59 Or became infuriated ↩
  136. 136. Psalms 78:59 Deut 1:34; 9:19; Ps 106:40 ↩
  137. 137. Psalms 78:59 Lev 26:30; Deut 32:19; Amos 6:8 ↩
  138. 138. Psalms 78:60 1 Sam 4:11; Ps 78:67; Jer 7:12, 14; 26:6 ↩
  139. 139. Psalms 78:60 Josh 18:1 ↩
  140. 140. Psalms 78:60 Some ancient versions where He dwelt ↩
  141. 141. Psalms 78:61 Ps 63:2; 132:8 ↩
  142. 142. Psalms 78:61 1 Sam 4:17 ↩
  143. 143. Psalms 78:62 Judg 20:21; 1 Sam 4:10 ↩
  144. 144. Psalms 78:62 Or became infuriated ↩
  145. 145. Psalms 78:63 Num 11:1; 21:28; Is 26:11; Jer 48:45 ↩
  146. 146. Psalms 78:63 Or their ↩
  147. 147. Psalms 78:63 Or their ↩
  148. 148. Psalms 78:63 Jer 7:34; 16:9; Lam 2:21 ↩
  149. 149. Psalms 78:64 Or their ↩
  150. 150. Psalms 78:64 1 Sam 4:17; 22:18 ↩
  151. 151. Psalms 78:64 Or their ↩
  152. 152. Psalms 78:64 Job 27:15; Ezek 24:23 ↩
  153. 153. Psalms 78:65 Ps 44:23; 73:20 ↩
  154. 154. Psalms 78:65 Is 42:13 ↩
  155. 155. Psalms 78:65 Or sobered up from ↩
  156. 156. Psalms 78:66 Lit struck ↩
  157. 157. Psalms 78:66 1 Sam 5:6 ↩
  158. 158. Psalms 78:67 Ps 78:60 ↩
  159. 159. Psalms 78:68 Ps 87:2; 132:13 ↩
  160. 160. Psalms 78:69 1 Kin 6:1-38 ↩
  161. 161. Psalms 78:70 1 Sam 16:11, 12 ↩
  162. 162. Psalms 78:71 Lit following ↩
  163. 163. Psalms 78:71 2 Sam 7:8; Is 40:11 ↩
  164. 164. Psalms 78:71 Lit ewes that wet-nurse, He ↩
  165. 165. Psalms 78:71 Gen 33:13 ↩
  166. 166. Psalms 78:71 2 Sam 5:2; 1 Chr 11:2; Ps 28:9 ↩
  167. 167. Psalms 78:71 1 Sam 10:1 ↩
  168. 168. Psalms 78:72 1 Kin 9:4 ↩

Commentaries on Psalms 78

New American Standard Bible 2020 — © 1960–2020 The Lockman Foundation. All rights reserved.