Berean Standard Bible
Exodus 28
1“NextH859, have your brotherH251 AaronH175 broughtH7126 to youH413 from amongH8432 the IsraelitesH1121H3478, along withH854 his sonsH1121 NadabH5070, AbihuH30, EleazarH499, and IthamarH385, to serve Me as priestsH3547. 2MakeH6213 holyH6944 garmentsH899 for your brotherH251 AaronH175, to give him gloryH3519 and splendorH8597.
3YouH859 are to instructH1696H413 allH3605 the skilled craftsmenH2450H3820, whomH834 I have filledH4390 with a spiritH7307 of wisdomH2451, to makeH6213 garmentsH899 for Aaron’sH175 consecrationH6942, so that he may serve Me as priestH3547. 4TheseH428 are the garmentsH899 thatH834 they shall makeH6213: a breastpieceH2833, an ephodH646, a robeH4598, a wovenH8665 tunicH3801, a turbanH4701, and a sashH73. They are to makeH6213 these holyH6944 garmentsH899 for your brotherH251 AaronH175 and his sonsH1121, so that they may serve Me as priestsH3547. 5TheyH1992 shall useH3947 goldH2091, along withH853 blueH8504, purpleH713, and scarlet yarnH8438H8144, and fine linenH8336.
The Ephod
(Exodus 39:1–7)
6They are to makeH6213 the ephodH646 of finely spunH7806 linenH8336 embroideredH4639H2803 with goldH2091, and with blueH8504, purpleH713, and scarlet yarnH8438H8144. 7It shall haveH1961 twoH8147 shoulder piecesH3802 attachedH2266 atH413 twoH8147 of its cornersH7098, so it can be fastenedH2266. 8And the skillfully woven waistbandH2805 ofH5921 the ephodH642 must beH1961 of one pieceH4480, of the same workmanshipH4639—with goldH2091, with blueH8504, purpleH713, and scarlet yarnH8438H8144, and with finely spunH7806 linenH8336.
9TakeH3947 twoH8147 onyxH7718 stonesH68 and engraveH6605 on themH5921 the namesH8034 of the sonsH1121 of IsraelH3478: 10sixH8337 of their namesH8034 onH5921 oneH259 stoneH68 and the remainingH3498 sixH8337 onH5921 the otherH8145, in the order of their birthH8435. 11EngraveH6605 the namesH8034 of the sonsH1121 of IsraelH3478 on the twoH8147 stonesH68 the way a gemH68 cutterH2796 engravesH6603 a sealH2368. Then mountH5437 the stones in goldH2091 filigree settingsH4865. 12FastenH7760 bothH8147 stonesH68 onH5921 the shoulder piecesH3802 of the ephodH646 as memorialH2146 stonesH68 for the sonsH1121 of IsraelH3478. AaronH175 is to bearH5375 their namesH8034 onH5921 his twoH8147 shouldersH3802 as a memorialH2146 beforeH6440 the LORDH3068.
13FashionH6213 goldH2091 filigree settingsH4865 14and twoH8147 chainsH8333 of pureH2889 goldH2091, madeH6213 of braidedH4020 cordH5688 workH4639; and attachH5414 these chainsH8333 toH5921 the settingsH4865.
The Breastpiece
(Exodus 39:8–21)
15You are also to makeH6213 a breastpieceH2833 of judgmentH4941 with the same workmanshipH4639H2803 as the ephodH646. ConstructH6213 itH853 with goldH2091, with blueH8504, purpleH713, and scarlet yarnH8438H8144, and with finely spunH7806 linenH8336. 16It must beH1961 squareH7251 when folded over doubleH3717, a spanH2239 longH753 and a spanH2239 wideH7341.1
17And mountH4390 on it a settingH4396 of gemstonesH68, fourH702 rowsH2905 of stonesH68:2
In the firstH259 row there shall beH2905 a rubyH124, a topazH6357, and an emeraldH1304; 18in the secondH8145 rowH2905 a turquoiseH5306, a sapphireH5601, and a diamondH3095; 19in the thirdH7992 rowH2905 a jacinthH3958, an agateH7618, and an amethystH306; 20and in the fourthH7243 rowH2905 a berylH8658, an onyxH7718, and a jasperH3471H7660.
MountH1961 these stones in goldH2091 filigree settingsH4396. 21The twelveH8147H6240 stonesH68 areH1961 toH5921 correspond to the namesH8034 of the sonsH1121 of IsraelH3478, eachH376H5921H8034H1961 engravedH6603 like a sealH2368 withH5921 the nameH8034 of one of the twelveH8147H6240 tribesH7626.
22For the breastpieceH2833H8331, makeH6213H5921 braided chainsH1383H5688 like cordsH4639 of pureH2889 goldH2091. 23You are also to makeH6213 twoH8147 goldH2091 ringsH2885 and fastenH5414 themH8147H2885 toH5921 the twoH8147 cornersH7098 of the breastpieceH2833. 24Then fastenH5414 the twoH8147 goldH2091 chainsH5688 toH5921 the twoH8147 gold ringsH2885 atH413 the cornersH7098 of the breastpieceH2833, 25and fastenH5414 the otherH8147 endsH7098 of the twoH8147 chainsH5688 toH5921 the twoH8147 filigree settingsH4865, attaching themH5414 toH5921 the shoulder piecesH3802 of the ephodH646 atH413 the frontH4136H6440.
26MakeH6213 twoH8147 more goldH2091 ringsH2885 and attachH7760 themH853 toH5921 the other twoH8147 cornersH7098 of the breastpieceH2833, onH5921H5676 the insideH1004 edgeH8193 next toH413 the ephodH646.
27MakeH6213 twoH8147 additional goldH2091 ringsH2885 and attachH5414 themH853 toH5921 the bottomH4295 of the twoH8147 shoulder piecesH3802 of the ephodH646, on its frontH4136H6440, nearH5980 its seamH4225 just aboveH4605 its woven waistbandH2805H646. 28The ringsH2885 of the breastpieceH2833 shall be tiedH7405 toH413 the ringsH2885 of the ephodH646 with a cordH6616 of blue yarnH8504, so that the breastpieceH2833 isH1961 aboveH5921 the waistbandH2805 of the ephodH646 and does notH3808 swing outH2118 fromH5921 the ephodH646.
29Whenever Aaron entersH935H413 the HolyH6944 Place, he shall bearH5375 the namesH8034 of the sonsH1121 of IsraelH3478 overH5921 his heartH3820 on the breastpieceH2833 of judgmentH4941, as a continualH8548 reminderH2146 beforeH6440 the LORDH3068.
30And placeH5414 the UrimH224 and ThummimH85503 inH413 the breastpieceH2833 of judgmentH4941, so that they will also beH1961 overH5921 Aaron’sH175 heartH3820 whenever he comesH935 beforeH6440 the LORDH3068. AaronH175 will continuallyH8548 carryH5375 the judgmentH4941 of the sonsH1121 of IsraelH3478 overH5921 his heartH3820 beforeH6440 the LORDH3068.
Additional Priestly Garments
(Exodus 39:22–31)
31You are to makeH6213 the robeH4598 of the ephodH646 entirelyH3632 of blue clothH8504, 32withH1961 an openingH6310 at its topH7218 in the centerH8432. AroundH5439 the opening shall beH1961 a wovenH4639H707 collarH8193 with an openingH6310 like thatH6310 of a garmentH8473,4 so thatH1961 it will notH3808 tearH7167.
33MakeH6213 pomegranatesH7416 of blueH8504, purpleH713, and scarlet yarnH8438H8144H5921H7757 all the way around the lowerH5439 hemH7757, with goldH2091 bellsH6472 betweenH8432 themH5439, 34alternatingH5439 the goldH2091 bellsH6472 and pomegranatesH7416H6472H2091H5921 around the lower hemH7757 of the robeH4598.
AaronH175 must wearH5921 the robe whenever he ministersH8334, and its soundH6963 will be heardH8085 when he entersH935 or exitsH3318H413 the sanctuaryH6944 beforeH6440 the LORDH3068, so that he will notH3808 dieH4191.
36You are to makeH6213 a plateH6731 of pureH2889 goldH2091 and engraveH6605 on itH5921 as on a sealH2368:
37FastenH7760 to itH5921 a blueH8504 cordH6616 to mount it onH5921 the turbanH4701; it shall beH1961 onH413 the frontH4136H6440 of the turbanH4701H1961. 38And it will beH1961 worn onH5921 Aaron’sH175 foreheadH4696, so thatH175 he may bearH5375 the iniquityH5771 of the holy thingsH6944 thatH834 the sonsH1121 of IsraelH3478 consecrateH6942 with regard to allH3605 their holyH6944 giftsH4979. It shall alwaysH8548 beH1961 onH5921 his foreheadH4696, so that they may be acceptableH7522 beforeH6440 the LORDH3068.
39You are to weaveH7660 the tunicH3801 with fine linenH8336, makeH6213 the turbanH4701 of fine linenH8336, and fashionH6213H4639 an embroideredH7551 sashH73. 40MakeH6213 tunicsH3801, sashesH73, and headbandsH4021H6213 for Aaron’sH175 sonsH1121, to giveH6213 them gloryH3519 and splendorH8597.
41After you putH3847 these garments on your brotherH251 AaronH175 and his sonsH1121H854, anointH4886 themH853, ordainH4390 themH853H3027, and consecrateH6942 themH853 so that they may serve Me as priestsH3547.
42MakeH6213 linenH906 undergarmentsH4370 to coverH3680 their bareH6172 fleshH1320, extendingH1961 from waistH4975 toH5704 thighH3409. 43AaronH175H5921 and his sonsH1121 must wear themH1961H5921 whenever they enterH935H413 the TentH168 of MeetingH4150 orH176 approachH5066H413 the altarH4196 to ministerH8334 in the HolyH6944 Place, so that they will notH3808 incurH5375 guiltH5771 and dieH4191. This is to be a permanentH5769 statuteH2708 for AaronH310 and his descendantsH2233.
Notes
- 1. Exodus 28:16 The breastpiece, when folded over, was approximately 9 inches or 22.9 centimeters in both length and width. ↩
- 2. Exodus 28:17 The precise identification of some of these gemstones is uncertain. ↩
- 3. Exodus 28:30 Literally Lights and Perfections ↩
- 4. Exodus 28:32 The meaning of the Hebrew word is uncertain; possibly a coat of mail. ↩
- 5. Exodus 28:36 That is, the LORD ↩
Commentaries on Exodus 28
- Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
- Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
- Matthew Henry Concise Commentary
- Tyndale Open Study Notes
- Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary
- Rashi on Tanakh
- Calvin’s Commentaries
- Keil & Delitzsch Commentary
- John Wesley’s Notes
- Darby Translation Notes
- Geneva Bible Translation Notes
- Kingcomments
- Matthew Henry’s Complete Commentary
- Matthew Henry’s Modern English Commentary
- Scofield Reference Notes, 1917 Edition
- Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary
- EGW Writings
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Commentaries