New American Standard Bible 2020

Deuteronomy 22

Various Laws

1“You shall not seeתִרְאֶה֩tir.'EhH7200your countryman’sאָחִ֜יךָ'a.Chi.khaH251oxשׁ֨וֹרShorH7794orא֤וֹ'oH176his sheepשֵׂיוֹ֙se.YoH7716strayingH5080awayH5080,and avoidוְהִתְעַלַּמְתָּ֖ve.hit.'a.lam.TaH5956them; you shall certainlyH7725bringH7725them backH7725to your countrymanלְאָחִֽיךָ׃le.'a.Chi.khaH251.

2And ifוְאִם־ve.'im-H518your countrymanאָחִ֛יךָ'a.Chi.khaH251is not nearקָר֥וֹבka.RovH7138you, or if you do not knowיְדַעְתּ֑וֹye.da'.ToH3045him, then you shall bringוַאֲסַפְתּוֹ֙va.'a.saf.ToH622it to your houseבֵּיתֶ֔ךָbei.Te.khaH1004,and it shall remainוְהָיָ֣הve.ha.YahH1961with you untilעַ֣ד'adH5704your countrymanאָחִ֙יךָ֙'a.Chi.khaH251looksH1875forH1875it; then you shall restoreוַהֲשֵׁבֹת֖וֹva.ha.she.vo.ToH7725it to him.

3You shall also doתַּעֲשֶׂ֣הta.'a.SehH6213thisוְכֵ֧ןve.KhenH3651with his donkeyלַחֲמֹר֗וֹla.cha.mo.RoH2543,and you shall doתַּעֲשֶׂה֮ta.'a.SehH6213the sameוְכֵ֣ןve.KhenH3651with his garmentלְשִׂמְלָתוֹ֒le.sim.la.ToH8071,and you shall doתַּעֲשֶׂ֜הta.'a.SehH6213likewiseוְכֵ֣ןve.KhenH3651with anyלְכָל־le.kholH3605lostH9propertyH9of your countrymanאָחִ֛יךָ'a.Chi.khaH251,whichאֲשֶׁר־'a.Sher-H834has been lostתֹּאבַ֥דto.VadH6by him and you have foundוּמְצָאתָ֑הּu.me.tza.TahH4672.You are not allowedתוּכַ֖לtu.KhalH3201to avoidלְהִתְעַלֵּֽם׃ סle.hit.'a.LemH5956them.

4You shall not seeתִרְאֶה֩tir.'EhH7200your countryman’sאָחִ֜יךָ'a.Chi.khaH251donkeyחֲמ֨וֹרcha.MorH2543orא֤וֹ'oH176his oxשׁוֹרוֹ֙sho.RoH7794fallenנֹפְלִ֣יםno.fe.LimH5307downH5307on the roadבַּדֶּ֔רֶךְba.De.rekhH1870,and avoidוְהִתְעַלַּמְתָּ֖ve.hit.'a.lam.TaH5956them; you shall certainlyH6965helpH6965him raiseH6965themupH6965.

5“A womanאִשָּׁ֔ה'i.ShahH802shall not wearיִהְיֶ֤הyih.YehH1961a man’sגֶ֙בֶר֙ge.verH1397clothingכְלִי־khe.li-H3627,norH3808shall a manגֶּ֖בֶרGe.verH1397putH3847onH3847a woman’sאִשָּׁ֑ה'i.ShahH802clothingשִׂמְלַ֣תsim.LatH8071;for whoeverכָּל־kol-H3605doesעֹ֥שֵׂה'O.sehH6213theseH428thingsאֵֽלֶּה׃ פ'E.lehH428is an abominationתוֹעֲבַ֛תto.'a.VatH8441to the Lordיְהוָ֥הYah.wehH3068your Godאֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ'e.lo.Hei.khaH430.

6“Ifכִּ֣יkiH3588you happenH7122toH7122comeH7122upon a bird’sצִפּ֣וֹר׀tzi.PorH6833nestקַן־kan-H7064along the wayבַּדֶּ֜רֶךְba.De.rekhH1870,in anyבְּכָל־be.kholH3605treeעֵ֣ץ׀'etzH6086orא֣וֹ'oH176on the groundהָאָ֗רֶץha.'A.retzH776,with youngאֶפְרֹחִים֙'ef.ro.ChimH667onesH667orא֣וֹ'oH176eggsבֵיצִ֔יםvei.TzimH1000in it,and the motherוְהָאֵ֤םve.ha.'EmH517sittingרֹבֶ֙צֶת֙ro.Ve.tzetH7257on the youngהָֽאֶפְרֹחִ֔יםha.'ef.ro.ChimH667orא֖וֹ'oH176on the eggsהַבֵּיצִ֑יםha.bei.TzimH1000,you shall not takeתִקַּ֥חti.KachH3947the motherהָאֵ֖םha.'EmH517with the youngהַבָּנִֽים׃ha.ba.NimH1121;

7you shall certainlyH7971letH7971the motherהָאֵ֔םha.'EmH517goH7971,but the youngהַבָּנִ֖יםha.ba.NimH1121you may takeתִּֽקַּֽח־ti.kach-H3947for yourself,inH4616orderH4616thatH4616it may goיִ֣יטַבYi.tavH3190wellH3190for you and that you may prolongוְהַאֲרַכְתָּ֖ve.ha.'a.rakh.TaH748your daysיָמִֽים׃ סya.MimH3117.

8“Whenכִּ֤יkiH3588you buildתִבְנֶה֙tiv.NehH1129a newחָדָ֔שׁcha.DashH2319houseבַּ֣יִתBa.yitH1004,you shall makeוְעָשִׂ֥יתָve.'a.Si.taH6213aparapetמַעֲקֶ֖הma.'a.KehH4624for your roofלְגַגֶּ֑ךָle.ga.Ge.khaH1406,so that you will not bringתָשִׂ֤יםta.SimH7760guiltH1818forH1818bloodshedH1818on your houseבְּבֵיתֶ֔ךָbe.vei.Te.khaH1004ifכִּֽי־ki-H3588anyoneיִפֹּ֥לyi.PolH5307fallsהַנֹּפֵ֖לha.no.FelH5307from it.

9“You shall not sowתִזְרַ֥עtiz.Ra'H2232your vineyardכַּרְמְךָ֖kar.me.KhaH3754with twoכִּלְאָ֑יִםkil.'A.yimH3610kindsH3610of seed, otherwiseפֶּן־pen-H6435allH4395the produceהַֽמְלֵאָ֤הham.le.'AhH4395of the seedהַזֶּ֙רַע֙ha.Ze.ra'H2233whichאֲשֶׁ֣ר'a.SherH834you have sownתִּזְרָ֔עtiz.Ra'H2232and the yieldוּתְבוּאַ֖תu.te.vu.'AtH8393of the vineyardהַכָּֽרֶם׃ סha.Ka.remH3754will beforfeitedH6942toH6942theH6942sanctuaryH6942.

10“You shall not plowתַחֲרֹ֥שׁta.cha.RoshH2790with an oxבְּשׁוֹר־be.shor-H7794and a donkeyוּבַחֲמֹ֖רu.va.cha.MorH2543togetherH3164.

11“You shall not wearתִלְבַּשׁ֙til.BashH3847a materialH8162of woolצֶ֥מֶרTze.merH6785and linenוּפִשְׁתִּ֖יםu.fish.TimH6593combinedH8162togetherH3164.

12“You shall makeתַּעֲשֶׂה־ta.'a.seh-H6213yourself tasselsגְּדִלִ֖יםge.di.LimH1434on the fourאַרְבַּ֛ע'ar.Ba'H702cornersכַּנְפ֥וֹתkan.FotH3671of your garmentכְּסוּתְךָ֖ke.su.te.KhaH3682with whichאֲשֶׁ֥ר'a.SherH834you coverתְּכַסֶּה־te.kha.seh-H3680yourself.

Laws on Morality

13“Ifכִּֽי־ki-H3588anyH376manאִ֖ישׁ'ishH376takesיִקַּ֥חyi.KachH3947a wifeאִשָּׁ֑ה'i.ShahH802and goesוּבָ֥אu.Va'H935inH935to her and thenturnsH8130againstH8130her,

14and he chargesוְשָׂ֥ם דְּבָרִ֔יםve.Sam de.va.RimH7760 H1697her with shamefulH5949behaviorH5949andpubliclyH3318defamesשֵׁ֣ם רָ֑עshem Ra'H8034 H7451 H3318her, and saysוְאָמַ֗רve.'a.MarH559, ‘I tookלָקַ֔חְתִּיla.Kach.tiH3947thisH2088womanהָאִשָּׁ֤הha.'i.ShahH802, butwhen I cameH7126nearH7126her, I did not findמָצָ֥אתִיma.Tza.tiH4672her to have evidenceH1331ofH1331virginityבְּתוּלִֽים׃be.tu.LimH1331,’

15then the girl’sהַֽנַּעֲרָ֖הha.na.'arH5291fatherאֲבִ֥י'a.ViH1and her motherוְאִמָּ֑הּve.'i.MahH517shall takeוְלָקַ֛חve.la.KachH3947and bringוְהוֹצִ֜יאוּve.ho.Tzi.'uH3318outH3318the evidenceH1331ofH1331the girl’sהַֽנַּעֲרָ֛הha.na.'arH5291virginityבְּתוּלֵ֧יbe.tu.LeiH1331to the eldersזִקְנֵ֥יzik.NeiH2205of the cityהָעִ֖ירha.'IrH5892at the gateהַשָּֽׁעְרָה׃ha.Sha.'e.rahH8179.

16And the girl’sהַֽנַּעַרָ֖הha.na.'arH5291fatherאֲבִ֥י'a.ViH1shall sayוְאָמַ֛רve.'a.MarH559to the eldersהַזְּקֵנִ֑יםha.ze.ke.NimH2205, ‘I gaveנָתַ֜תִּיna.Ta.tiH5414my daughterבִּתִּ֗יbi.TiH1323to thisהַזֶּ֛הha.ZehH2088manלָאִ֥ישׁla.'IshH376as a wifeלְאִשָּׁ֖הle.'i.ShahH802, but heturnedH8130againstH8130her;

17and beholdוְהִנֵּה־ve.hi.neh-H2009,he has chargedשָׂם֩ דְּבָרִ֜יםsam de.va.RimH7760 H1697her with shamefulH5949behaviorH5949,sayingלֵאמֹ֗רle.MorH559, “I did not findמָצָ֤אתִיma.Tza.tiH4672your daughterלְבִתְּךָ֙le.vi.te.KhaH1323to have evidenceH1331ofH1331virginityבְּתוּלִ֔יםbe.tu.LimH1331.” Butthisוְאֵ֖לֶּהve.'E.lehH428is the evidenceH1331ofH1331my daughter’sבִתִּ֑יvi.TiH1323virginityבְּתוּלֵ֣יbe.tu.LeiH1331.’And they shall spreadוּפָֽרְשׂוּ֙u.fa.re.SuH6566outH6566the garmentהַשִּׂמְלָ֔הha.sim.LahH8071beforeלִפְנֵ֖יlif.NeiH6440the eldersזִקְנֵ֥יzik.NeiH2205of the cityהָעִֽיר׃ha.'IrH5892.

18Thenthe eldersזִקְנֵ֥יzik.NeiH2205of that cityהָֽעִיר־ha.'ir-H5892shall takeוְלָֽקְח֛וּve.la.ke.ChuH3947the manהָאִ֑ישׁha.'IshH376and rebukeוְיִסְּר֖וּve.yi.se.RuH3256him,

19and they shall fineוְעָנְשׁ֨וּve.'a.ne.ShuH6064him a hundredמֵ֣אָהMe.'ahH3967shekelsof silverכֶ֗סֶףKhe.sefH3701and giveוְנָתְנוּ֙ve.na.te.NuH5414it to the girl’sהַֽנַּעֲרָ֔הha.na.'a.RahH5291fatherלַאֲבִ֣יla.'a.ViH1,becauseכִּ֤יkiH3588hepubliclyH3318defamedשֵׁ֣ם רָ֔עshem Ra'H8034 H7451 H3318a virginבְּתוּלַ֣תbe.tu.LatH1330of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֑לYis.ra.'ElH3478.And she shall remainתִהְיֶ֣הtih.YehH1961his wifeלְאִשָּׁ֔הle.'i.ShahH802;he is not allowedיוּכַ֥לyu.KhalH3201todivorceלְשַּׁלְּחָ֖הּle.sha.le.ChahH7971her allכָּל־kol-H3605his daysיָמָֽיו׃ סya.MavH3117.

20“But ifוְאִם־ve.'im-H518thisהַזֶּ֑הha.ZehH2088chargeהַדָּבָ֖רha.da.VarH1697is trueאֱמֶ֣ת'e.MetH571, andthey did not findנִמְצְא֥וּnim.tze.'UH4672the girlלַֽנַּעֲרָֽה׃la.na.'arH5291to have evidenceH1331ofH1331virginityבְתוּלִ֖יםve.tu.LimH1331,

21then they shall bringוְהוֹצִ֨יאוּve.ho.Tzi.'uH3318the girlהַֽנַּעֲרָ֜הha.na.'arH5291outH3318to the doorwayפֶּ֣תַחPe.tachH6607of her father’sאָבִ֗יהָ'a.Vi.haH1houseבֵּית־beit-H1004,and the menH376of her cityעִירָ֤הּ'i.RahH5892shall stoneוּסְקָלוּהָ֩ בָּאֲבָנִים֙u.se.ka.lu.Ha ba.'a.va.NimH5619 H68herto deathוָמֵ֔תָהva.Me.tahH4191,becauseכִּֽי־ki-H3588she hascommittedעָשְׂתָ֤ה'a.se.TahH6213a disgracefulH5039sinH5039in Israelבְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לbe.Yis.ra.'ElH3478by playingH2181theH2181prostituteלִזְנ֖וֹתliz.NotH2181in her father’sאָבִ֑יהָ'a.Vi.haH1houseבֵּ֣יתbeitH1004; soyou shall eliminateוּבִֽעַרְתָּ֥u.vi.'ar.TaH1197the evilהָרָ֖עha.Ra'H7451from amongמִקִּרְבֶּֽךָ׃ סmi.kir.Be.chaH7130you.

22“Ifכִּֽי־ki-H3588a manאִ֜ישׁ'ishH376is foundיִמָּצֵ֨אyi.ma.Tze'H4672sleepingשֹׁכֵ֣ב׀sho.KhevH7901with a marriedבְעֻֽלַת־ בַּ֗עַלve.'u.lat- Ba.'alH1166 H1167womanאִשָּׁ֣ה'i.ShahH802,then bothגַּם־ שְׁנֵיהֶ֔םgam- she.nei.HemH1571 H8147of them shall dieוּמֵ֙תוּ֙u.Me.tuH4191,the manהָאִ֛ישׁha.'IshH376who sleptהַשֹּׁכֵ֥בha.sho.KhevH7901with the womanהָאִשָּׁ֖הha.'i.ShahH802,and the womanוְהָאִשָּׁ֑הve.ha.'i.ShahH802;so you shall eliminateוּבִֽעַרְתָּ֥u.vi.'ar.TaH1197the evilהָרָ֖עha.Ra'H7451from Israelמִיִּשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ סmi.Yis.ra.'ElH3478.

23“Ifכִּ֤יkiH3588there is a girlנַעֲרָ֣הna.'arH5291who is a virginבְתוּלָ֔הve.tu.LahH1330betrothedמְאֹרָשָׂ֖הme.'o.ra.SahH781to a manלְאִ֑ישׁle.'IshH376, and anothermanאִ֛ישׁ'ishH376findsוּמְצָאָ֥הּu.me.tza.'AhH4672her in the cityבָּעִ֖ירba.'IrH5892and sleepsוְשָׁכַ֥בve.sha.KhavH7901with her,

24then you shall bringוְהוֹצֵאתֶ֨םve.ho.tze.TemH3318them bothשְׁנֵיהֶ֜םshe.nei.HemH8147outH3318to the gateשַׁ֣עַר׀Sha.'arH8179of that cityהָעִ֣ירha.'IrH5892and you shall stoneוּסְקַלְתֶּ֨ם בָּאֲבָנִים֮u.se.kal.Tem ba.'a.va.NimH5619 H68themto deathוָמֵתוּ֒va.me.TuH4191:the girlהַֽנַּעֲרָ֗הha.na.'arH5291,becauseעַל־ דְּבַר֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר'al- de.Var 'a.SherH5921 H1697 H834she did not cryH6817outH6817forH6817helpצָעֲקָ֣הtza.'a.KahH6817though she wasin the cityבָעִ֔ירva.'IrH5892,and the manהָאִ֔ישׁha.'IshH376,becauseעַל־ דְּבַ֥ר אֲשֶׁר־'al- de.Var 'a.Sher-H5921 H1697 H834he has violatedעִנָּ֖ה'i.NahH6031his neighbor’sרֵעֵ֑הוּre.'E.huH7453wifeאֵ֣שֶׁת'E.shetH802.So you shall eliminateוּבִֽעַרְתָּ֥u.vi.'ar.TaH1197the evilהָרָ֖עha.Ra'H7451from amongמִקִּרְבֶּֽךָ׃ סmi.kir.Be.chaH7130you.

25“But ifוְֽאִם־ve.'im-H518the manהָאִ֗ישׁha.'IshH376findsיִמְצָ֣אyim.Tza'H4672the girlהַֽנַּעֲרָה֙ha.na.'arH5291who is betrothedהַמְאֹ֣רָשָׂ֔הham.'O.ra.SahH781in the fieldבַּשָּׂדֶ֞הba.sa.DehH7704,and the manהָאִ֖ישׁha.'IshH376seizesוְהֶחֱזִֽיק־ve.he.che.zik-H2388her andrapesוְשָׁכַ֣בve.sha.KhavH7901her, then onlyלְבַדּֽוֹ׃le.va.DoH905the manהָאִ֛ישׁha.'IshH376whoאֲשֶׁר־'a.Sher-H834rapedשָׁכַ֥בsha.KhavH7901her shall dieוּמֵ֗תu.MetH4191.

26And you are not to doתַעֲשֶׂ֣הta.'a.SehH6213anythingדָבָ֔רda.VarH1697to the girlוְלַֽנַּעֲרָה֙ve.la.na.'arH5291;thereH369isH369noH369sinחֵ֣טְאchet'H2399in the girlלַֽנַּעֲרָ֖הla.na.'arH5291worthy ofdeathמָ֑וֶתMa.vetH4194,for justH3512asH3512a manאִ֤ישׁ'ishH376risesיָק֨וּםya.KumH6965againstעַל־'al-H5921his neighborרֵעֵ֙הוּ֙re.'E.huH7453and murdersוּרְצָח֣וֹu.re.tza.ChoH7523him,soכֵּ֖ןkenH3651is thisהַזֶּֽה׃ha.ZehH2088caseהַדָּבָ֥רha.da.VarH1697.

27Whenכִּ֥יkiH3588he foundמְצָאָ֑הּme.tza.'AhH4672her in the fieldבַשָּׂדֶ֖הva.sa.DehH7704,the betrothedהַמְאֹ֣רָשָׂ֔הham.'O.ra.SahH781girlהַֽנַּעֲרָה֙ha.na.'arH5291criedH6817outH6817,but thereH369wasH369noH369one to saveמוֹשִׁ֖יעַmo.Shi.a'H3467her.

28“Ifכִּֽי־ki-H3588a manאִ֗ישׁ'IshH376findsיִמְצָ֣אyim.Tza'H4672a girlנַעֲרָ֤הna.'arH5291who is a virginבְתוּלָה֙ve.tu.LahH1330,whoאֲשֶׁ֣ר'a.SherH834is not betrothedאֹרָ֔שָׂה'o.Ra.sahH781,and he seizesוּתְפָשָׂ֖הּu.te.fa.SahH8610her and hasH7901sexualH7901relationsH7901with her, and they are discoveredוְנִמְצָֽאוּ׃ve.nim.Tza.'uH4672,

29then the manהָאִ֨ישׁha.'IshH376who hadH7901sexualH7901relationsH7901with her shall giveוְ֠נָתַןVe.na.tanH5414the girl’sהַֽנַּעֲרָ֖הha.na.'arH5291fatherלַאֲבִ֥יla.'a.ViH1fiftyחֲמִשִּׁ֣יםcha.mi.ShimH2572shekelsof silverכָּ֑סֶףKa.sefH3701,and she shall becomeתִהְיֶ֣הtih.YehH1961his wifeלְאִשָּׁ֗הle.'i.ShahH802,becauseתַּ֚חַת אֲשֶׁ֣רTa.chat 'a.SherH8478 H834he has violatedעִנָּ֔הּ'i.NahH6031her; he is not allowedיוּכַ֥לyu.KhalH3201to divorceשַׁלְּחָ֖הsha.le.ChahH7971her allכָּל־kol-H3605his daysיָמָֽיו׃ סya.MavH3117.

30“A manאִ֖ישׁ'ishH376shall not takeיִקַּ֥חyi.KachH3947his father’sאָבִ֑יו'a.VivH1wifeאֵ֣שֶׁת'E.shetH802in marriage, so that he does notuncoverיְגַלֶּ֖הye.ga.LehH1540his father’sאָבִֽיו׃ ס'a.VivH1garmentכְּנַ֥ףke.NafH3671.

Various Laws

Laws on Morality

Commentaries on Deuteronomy 22