Revised Literal Translation

Deuteronomy 22

1Thou shalt not seeתִרְאֶה֩tir.'EhH7200thy brother’sאָחִ֜יךָ'a.Chi.khaH251oxשׁ֨וֹרShorH7794or his sheepשֵׂיוֹ֙se.YoH7716go astrayנִדָּחִ֔יםni.da.ChimH5080,and hideוְהִתְעַלַּמְתָּ֖ve.hit.'a.lam.TaH5956thyself from them: thou shalt in any caseהָשֵׁ֥בha.ShevH7725bring them againתְּשִׁיבֵ֖םte.shi.VemH7725unto thy brotherלְאָחִֽיךָ׃le.'a.Chi.khaH251.

2And if thy brotherאָחִ֛יךָ'a.Chi.khaH251benot nighקָר֥וֹבka.RovH7138unto thee, or if thou knowיְדַעְתּ֑וֹye.da'.ToH3045him not, then thou shalt bringוַאֲסַפְתּוֹ֙va.'a.saf.ToH622it untoתּ֣וֹךְTokhH8432thine own houseבֵּיתֶ֔ךָbei.Te.khaH1004,and it shall be with thee until thy brotherאָחִ֙יךָ֙'a.Chi.khaH251seekדְּרֹ֤שׁde.RoshH1875after it, and thou shalt restore it to him againוַהֲשֵׁבֹת֖וֹva.ha.she.vo.ToH7725.

3In like mannerH3651shalt thou doתַּעֲשֶׂ֣הta.'a.SehH6213with his donkeyלַחֲמֹר֗וֹla.cha.mo.RoH2543;and so shalt thou doתַּעֲשֶׂה֮ta.'a.SehH6213with his raimentלְשִׂמְלָתוֹ֒le.sim.la.ToH8071;and with all lost thingאֲבֵדַ֥ת'a.ve.DatH9of thy brother’sאָחִ֛יךָ'a.Chi.khaH251,which he hath lostתֹּאבַ֥דto.VadH6,and thou hast foundוּמְצָאתָ֑הּu.me.tza.TahH4672,shalt thou doתַּעֲשֶׂ֜הta.'a.SehH6213likewise: thou mayestתוּכַ֖לtu.KhalH3201not hideלְהִתְעַלֵּֽם׃ סle.hit.'a.LemH5956thyself.

4Thou shalt not seeתִרְאֶה֩tir.'EhH7200thy brother’sאָחִ֜יךָ'a.Chi.khaH251donkeyחֲמ֨וֹרcha.MorH2543or his oxשׁוֹרוֹ֙sho.RoH7794fall downנֹפְלִ֣יםno.fe.LimH5307by the wayבַּדֶּ֔רֶךְba.De.rekhH1870,and hideוְהִתְעַלַּמְתָּ֖ve.hit.'a.lam.TaH5956thyself from them: thou shalt surelyהָקֵ֥םha.KemH6965help him to lift themup againתָּקִ֖יםta.KimH6965.

5The womanאִשָּׁ֔ה'i.ShahH802shall not wear that which pertainethכְלִי־khe.li-H3627unto a manגֶ֙בֶר֙ge.verH1397,neither shall a manגֶּ֖בֶרGe.verH1397putיִלְבַּ֥שׁyil.BashH3847on a woman’sאִשָּׁ֑ה'i.ShahH802garmentשִׂמְלַ֣תsim.LatH8071:for all that doעֹ֥שֵׂה'O.sehH6213soאֵֽלֶּה׃ פ'E.lehH428areabominationתוֹעֲבַ֛תto.'a.VatH8441unto Yhwhיְהוָ֥הYah.wehH3068thy Godאֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ'e.lo.Hei.khaH430.

6If a bird’sצִפּ֣וֹר׀tzi.PorH6833nestקַן־kan-H7064chanceיִקָּרֵ֣אyi.ka.Re'H7122to be beforeלְפָנֶ֡יךָle.fa.Nei.khaH6440thee in the wayבַּדֶּ֜רֶךְba.De.rekhH1870in any treeעֵ֣ץ׀'etzH6086,or on the groundהָאָ֗רֶץha.'A.retzH776, whether they beyoung onesאֶפְרֹחִים֙'ef.ro.ChimH667,or eggsבֵיצִ֔יםvei.TzimH1000,and the damוְהָאֵ֤םve.ha.'EmH517sittingרֹבֶ֙צֶת֙ro.Ve.tzetH7257upon the youngהָֽאֶפְרֹחִ֔יםha.'ef.ro.ChimH667,or upon the eggsהַבֵּיצִ֑יםha.bei.TzimH1000,thou shalt not takeתִקַּ֥חti.KachH3947the damהָאֵ֖םha.'EmH517with the youngהַבָּנִֽים׃ha.ba.NimH1121:

7Butthou shalt in any wiseשַׁלֵּ֤חַsha.Le.achH7971let the damהָאֵ֔םha.'EmH517goתְּשַׁלַּח֙te.sha.LachH7971,and takeתִּֽקַּֽח־ti.kach-H3947the youngהַבָּנִ֖יםha.ba.NimH1121to thee; that it may be wellיִ֣יטַבYi.tavH3190with thee, and thatthou mayest prolongוְהַאֲרַכְתָּ֖ve.ha.'a.rakh.TaH748thydaysיָמִֽים׃ סya.MimH3117.

8When thou buildestתִבְנֶה֙tiv.NehH1129a newחָדָ֔שׁcha.DashH2319houseבַּ֣יִתBa.yitH1004,then thou shalt makeוְעָשִׂ֥יתָve.'a.Si.taH6213a battlementמַעֲקֶ֖הma.'a.KehH4624for thy roofלְגַגֶּ֑ךָle.ga.Ge.khaH1406,that thou bringתָשִׂ֤יםta.SimH7760not bloodדָּמִים֙da.MimH1818upon thine houseבְּבֵיתֶ֔ךָbe.vei.Te.khaH1004,if any manיִפֹּ֥לyi.PolH5307fallהַנֹּפֵ֖לha.no.FelH5307from thence.

9Thou shalt not sowתִזְרַ֥עtiz.Ra'H2232thy vineyardכַּרְמְךָ֖kar.me.KhaH3754with divers seedsכִּלְאָ֑יִםkil.'A.yimH3610:lest the fruitהַֽמְלֵאָ֤הham.le.'AhH4395of thy seedהַזֶּ֙רַע֙ha.Ze.ra'H2233which thou hast sownתִּזְרָ֔עtiz.Ra'H2232,and the fruitוּתְבוּאַ֖תu.te.vu.'AtH8393of thy vineyardהַכָּֽרֶם׃ סha.Ka.remH3754,be defiledתִּקְדַּ֗שׁtik.DashH6942.

10Thou shalt not plowתַחֲרֹ֥שׁta.cha.RoshH2790with an oxבְּשׁוֹר־be.shor-H7794and a donkeyוּבַחֲמֹ֖רu.va.cha.MorH2543togetherיַחְדָּֽו׃ סyach.DavH3162.

11Thou shalt not wearתִלְבַּשׁ֙til.BashH3847a garment of divers sortsשַֽׁעַטְנֵ֔זsha.'at.NezH8162, asof woollenצֶ֥מֶרTze.merH6785and linenוּפִשְׁתִּ֖יםu.fish.TimH6593togetherיַחְדָּֽו׃ סyach.DavH3162.

12Thou shalt makeתַּעֲשֶׂה־ta.'a.seh-H6213thee fringesגְּדִלִ֖יםge.di.LimH1434upon the fourאַרְבַּ֛ע'ar.Ba'H702quartersכַּנְפ֥וֹתkan.FotH3671of thy vestureכְּסוּתְךָ֖ke.su.te.KhaH3682,wherewith thou coverestתְּכַסֶּה־te.kha.seh-H3680thyself.

13If any manאִ֖ישׁ'ishH376takeיִקַּ֥חyi.KachH3947a wifeאִשָּׁ֑ה'i.ShahH802,and go inוּבָ֥אu.Va'H935unto her, and hateוּשְׂנֵאָֽהּ׃u.se.ne.'AhH8130her,

14And giveוְשָׂ֥םve.SamH7760occasionsעֲלִילֹ֣ת'a.li.LotH5949of speechדְּבָרִ֔יםde.va.RimH1697against her, and bring upוְהוֹצִ֥יאve.ho.Tzi'H3318an evilרָ֑עRa'H7451nameשֵׁ֣םshemH8034upon her, and sayוְאָמַ֗רve.'a.MarH559,I tookלָקַ֔חְתִּיla.Kach.tiH3947this womanהָאִשָּׁ֤הha.'i.ShahH802,and when I cameוָאֶקְרַ֣בva.'ek.RavH7126to her, I foundמָצָ֥אתִיma.Tza.tiH4672her not a maidבְּתוּלִֽים׃be.tu.LimH1331:

15Then shall the fatherאֲבִ֥י'a.ViH1of the damselהַֽנַּעֲרָ֖הha.na.'arH5291,and her motherוְאִמָּ֑הּve.'i.MahH517,takeוְלָקַ֛חve.la.KachH3947and bring forthוְהוֹצִ֜יאוּve.ho.Tzi.'uH3318the tokens ofthe damsel’sהַֽנַּעֲרָ֛הha.na.'arH5291virginityבְּתוּלֵ֧יbe.tu.LeiH1331unto the eldersזִקְנֵ֥יzik.NeiH2205of the cityהָעִ֖ירha.'IrH5892in the gateהַשָּֽׁעְרָה׃ha.Sha.'e.rahH8179:

16And the damsel’sהַֽנַּעַרָ֖הha.na.'arH5291fatherאֲבִ֥י'a.ViH1shall sayוְאָמַ֛רve.'a.MarH559unto the eldersהַזְּקֵנִ֑יםha.ze.ke.NimH2205,I gaveנָתַ֜תִּיna.Ta.tiH5414my daughterבִּתִּ֗יbi.TiH1323unto this manלָאִ֥ישׁla.'IshH376to wifeלְאִשָּׁ֖הle.'i.ShahH802,and he hatethוַיִּשְׂנָאֶֽהָ׃vai.yis.na.'E.haH8130her;

17And, lo, he hath givenשָׂם֩samH7760occasionsעֲלִילֹ֨ת'a.li.LotH5949of speechדְּבָרִ֜יםde.va.RimH1697against her,sayingלֵאמֹ֗רle.MorH559,I foundמָצָ֤אתִיma.Tza.tiH4672not thy daughterלְבִתְּךָ֙le.vi.te.KhaH1323a maidבְּתוּלִ֔יםbe.tu.LimH1331; and yet these are the tokens ofmy daughter’sבִתִּ֑יvi.TiH1323virginityבְּתוּלֵ֣יbe.tu.LeiH1331.And they shall spreadוּפָֽרְשׂוּ֙u.fa.re.SuH6566the clothהַשִּׂמְלָ֔הha.sim.LahH8071beforeלִפְנֵ֖יlif.NeiH6440the eldersזִקְנֵ֥יzik.NeiH2205of the cityהָעִֽיר׃ha.'IrH5892.

18And the eldersזִקְנֵ֥יzik.NeiH2205of that cityהָֽעִיר־ha.'ir-H5892shall takeוְלָֽקְח֛וּve.la.ke.ChuH3947that manהָאִ֑ישׁha.'IshH376and chastiseוְיִסְּר֖וּve.yi.se.RuH3256him;

19And they shall amerceוְעָנְשׁ֨וּve.'a.ne.ShuH6064him in an hundredמֵ֣אָהMe.'ahH3967shekelsof silverכֶ֗סֶףKhe.sefH3701,and giveוְנָתְנוּ֙ve.na.te.NuH5414themunto the fatherלַאֲבִ֣יla.'a.ViH1of the damselהַֽנַּעֲרָ֔הha.na.'a.RahH5291,because he hath brought upהוֹצִיא֙ho.Tzi'H3318an evilרָ֔עRa'H7451nameשֵׁ֣םshemH8034upon a virginבְּתוּלַ֣תbe.tu.LatH1330of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֑לYis.ra.'ElH3478:and she shall be his wifeלְאִשָּׁ֔הle.'i.ShahH802;he mayיוּכַ֥לyu.KhalH3201not put her awayלְשַּׁלְּחָ֖הּle.sha.le.ChahH7971all his daysיָמָֽיו׃ סya.MavH3117.

20But if this thingהַדָּבָ֖רha.da.VarH1697be trueאֱמֶ֣ת'e.MetH571, and the tokens ofvirginityבְתוּלִ֖יםve.tu.LimH1331be not foundנִמְצְא֥וּnim.tze.'UH4672for the damselלַֽנַּעֲרָֽה׃la.na.'arH5291:

21Then they shall bring outוְהוֹצִ֨יאוּve.ho.Tzi.'uH3318the damselהַֽנַּעֲרָ֜הha.na.'arH5291to the doorפֶּ֣תַחPe.tachH6607of her father’sאָבִ֗יהָ'a.Vi.haH1houseבֵּית־beit-H1004,and the menאַנְשֵׁ֨י'an.SheiH582of her cityעִירָ֤הּ'i.RahH5892shall stoneוּסְקָלוּהָ֩u.se.ka.lu.HaH5619her with stonesבָּאֲבָנִים֙ba.'a.va.NimH68that she dieוָמֵ֔תָהva.Me.tahH4191:because she hath wroughtעָשְׂתָ֤ה'a.se.TahH6213follyנְבָלָה֙ne.va.LahH5039in Israelבְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לbe.Yis.ra.'ElH3478,to play the whoreלִזְנ֖וֹתliz.NotH2181in her father’sאָבִ֑יהָ'a.Vi.haH1houseבֵּ֣יתbeitH1004:so shalt thou putH1197evilהָרָ֖עha.Ra'H7451awayH1197from amongמִקִּרְבֶּֽךָ׃ סmi.kir.Be.chaH7130you.

22If a manאִ֜ישׁ'ishH376be foundיִמָּצֵ֨אyi.ma.Tze'H4672lyingשֹׁכֵ֣ב׀sho.KhevH7901with a womanאִשָּׁ֣ה'i.ShahH802marriedבְעֻֽלַת־ve.'u.lat-H1166to an husbandבַּ֗עַלBa.'alH1167,then they shall both of themשְׁנֵיהֶ֔םshe.nei.HemH8147dieוּמֵ֙תוּ֙u.Me.tuH4191, boththe manהָאִ֛ישׁha.'IshH376that layהַשֹּׁכֵ֥בha.sho.KhevH7901with the womanהָאִשָּׁ֖הha.'i.ShahH802,and the womanוְהָאִשָּׁ֑הve.ha.'i.ShahH802:so shalt thou put awayוּבִֽעַרְתָּ֥u.vi.'ar.TaH1197evilהָרָ֖עha.Ra'H7451from Israelמִיִּשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ סmi.Yis.ra.'ElH3478.

23If a damselנַעֲרָ֣הna.'arH5291that isa virginבְתוּלָ֔הve.tu.LahH1330be betrothedמְאֹרָשָׂ֖הme.'o.ra.SahH781unto an husbandלְאִ֑ישׁle.'IshH376,and a manאִ֛ישׁ'ishH376findוּמְצָאָ֥הּu.me.tza.'AhH4672her in the cityבָּעִ֖ירba.'IrH5892,and lieוְשָׁכַ֥בve.sha.KhavH7901with her;

24Then ye shall bringוְהוֹצֵאתֶ֨םve.ho.tze.TemH3318them bothשְׁנֵיהֶ֜םshe.nei.HemH8147out unto the gateשַׁ֣עַר׀Sha.'arH8179of that cityהָעִ֣ירha.'IrH5892,and ye shall stoneוּסְקַלְתֶּ֨םu.se.kal.TemH5619them with stonesבָּאֲבָנִים֮ba.'a.va.NimH68that they dieוָמֵתוּ֒va.me.TuH4191;the damselהַֽנַּעֲרָ֗הha.na.'arH5291,becauseדְּבַר֙ אֲשֶׁ֣רde.Var 'a.SherH1697 H834she criedצָעֲקָ֣הtza.'a.KahH6817not, beingin the cityבָעִ֔ירva.'IrH5892;and the manהָאִ֔ישׁha.'IshH376,becauseדְּבַ֥ר אֲשֶׁר־de.Var 'a.Sher-H1697 H834he hath humbledעִנָּ֖ה'i.NahH6031his neighbour’sרֵעֵ֑הוּre.'E.huH7453wifeאֵ֣שֶׁת'E.shetH802:so thou shalt put awayוּבִֽעַרְתָּ֥u.vi.'ar.TaH1197evilהָרָ֖עha.Ra'H7451from amongמִקִּרְבֶּֽךָ׃ סmi.kir.Be.chaH7130you.

25But if a manהָאִ֗ישׁha.'IshH376findיִמְצָ֣אyim.Tza'H4672a betrothedהַמְאֹ֣רָשָׂ֔הham.'O.ra.SahH781damselהַֽנַּעֲרָה֙ha.na.'arH5291in the fieldבַּשָּׂדֶ֞הba.sa.DehH7704,and the manהָאִ֖ישׁha.'IshH376forceוְהֶחֱזִֽיק־ve.he.che.zik-H2388her, and lieוְשָׁכַ֣בve.sha.KhavH7901with her: then the manהָאִ֛ישׁha.'IshH376only that layשָׁכַ֥בsha.KhavH7901with her shall dieוּמֵ֗תu.MetH4191:

26But unto the damselוְלַֽנַּעֲרָה֙ve.la.na.'arH5291thou shalt doתַעֲשֶׂ֣הta.'a.SehH6213nothingדָבָ֔רda.VarH1697; there isin the damselלַֽנַּעֲרָ֖הla.na.'arH5291no sinחֵ֣טְאchet'H2399worthyof deathמָ֑וֶתMa.vetH4194:for as when a manאִ֤ישׁ'ishH376risethיָק֨וּםya.KumH6965against his neighbourרֵעֵ֙הוּ֙re.'E.huH7453,and slayethוּרְצָח֣וֹ נֶ֔פֶשׁu.re.tza.Cho Ne.feshH5315 H7523him, even so isthis matterהַדָּבָ֥רha.da.VarH1697:

27For he foundמְצָאָ֑הּme.tza.'AhH4672her in the fieldבַשָּׂדֶ֖הva.sa.DehH7704, andthe betrothedהַמְאֹ֣רָשָׂ֔הham.'O.ra.SahH781damselהַֽנַּעֲרָה֙ha.na.'arH5291criedצָעֲקָ֗הtza.'a.KahH6817, and there wasnone to saveמוֹשִׁ֖יעַmo.Shi.a'H3467her.

28If a manאִ֗ישׁ'IshH376findיִמְצָ֣אyim.Tza'H4672a damselנַעֲרָ֤הna.'arH5291that isa virginבְתוּלָה֙ve.tu.LahH1330,which is not betrothedאֹרָ֔שָׂה'o.Ra.sahH781,and lay holdוּתְפָשָׂ֖הּu.te.fa.SahH8610on her, and lieוְשָׁכַ֣בve.sha.KhavH7901with her, and they be foundוְנִמְצָֽאוּ׃ve.nim.Tza.'uH4672;

29Then the manהָאִ֨ישׁha.'IshH376that layהַשֹּׁכֵ֥בha.sho.KhevH7901with her shall giveוְ֠נָתַןVe.na.tanH5414unto the damsel’sהַֽנַּעֲרָ֖הha.na.'arH5291fatherלַאֲבִ֥יla.'a.ViH1fiftyחֲמִשִּׁ֣יםcha.mi.ShimH2572shekelsof silverכָּ֑סֶףKa.sefH3701,and she shall be his wifeלְאִשָּׁ֗הle.'i.ShahH802;because he hath humbledעִנָּ֔הּ'i.NahH6031her, he mayיוּכַ֥לyu.KhalH3201not put her awayשַׁלְּחָ֖הsha.le.ChahH7971all his daysיָמָֽיו׃ סya.MavH3117.

30A manאִ֖ישׁ'ishH376shall not takeיִקַּ֥חyi.KachH3947his father’sאָבִ֑יו'a.VivH1wifeאֵ֣שֶׁת'E.shetH802,nor discoverיְגַלֶּ֖הye.ga.LehH1540his father’sאָבִֽיו׃ ס'a.VivH1skirtכְּנַ֥ףke.NafH3671.

Commentaries on Deuteronomy 22