Berean Standard Bible

1 Samuel 19

(Psalm 59:1–17)

1Then Saulשָׁא֗וּל אֶל־sha.'Ul 'el-H7586 H413orderedוַיְדַבֵּ֣רvay.da.BerH1696his sonבְּנוֹ֙ וְאֶל־be.No ve.'el-H1121 H413Jonathanיוֹנָתָ֤ןyo.na.TanH3129and allכָּל־kol-H3605his servantsעֲבָדָ֔יו'a.va.DavH5650to killלְהָמִ֖יתle.ha.MitH4191אֶת־'et-H853Davidדָּוִ֑דda.VidH1732.But Jonathanוִיהֽוֹנָתָן֙vi.ho.na.TanH3083שָׁא֔וּלsha.'UlH7586בֶּן־ben-H1121delightedחָפֵ֥ץcha.FetzH2654greatlyמְאֹֽד׃me.'OdH3966in Davidבְּדָוִ֖דbe.da.VidH1732,

2so heיְהוֹנָתָן֙ye.ho.na.TanH3083warnedוַיַּגֵּ֤דvai.ya.GedH5046Davidלְדָוִ֣דle.da.VidH1732,sayingלֵאמֹ֔רle.MorH559, “My fatherאָבִ֖י'a.ViH1Saulשָׁא֥וּלsha.'UlH7586intendsמְבַקֵּ֛שׁme.va.KeshH1245to kill youלַהֲמִיתֶ֑ךָ וְעַתָּה֙la.ha.mi.Te.kha ve.'a.TahH4191 H6258.Be on your guardהִשָּֽׁמֶר־ נָ֣אhi.sha.mer- na'H8104 H4994in the morningבַבֹּ֔קֶרva.Bo.kerH1242;findוְיָשַׁבְתָּ֥ve.ya.shav.TaH3427a secret placeבַסֵּ֖תֶרva.Se.terH5643and hide thereוְנַחְבֵּֽאתָ׃ve.nach.Be.taH2244.

3I willוַאֲנִ֨יva.'a.NiH589go outאֵצֵ֜א'e.Tze'H3318and standוְעָמַדְתִּ֣יve.'a.mad.TiH5975besideלְיַד־le.yad-H3027my fatherאָבִ֗י'a.ViH1in the fieldבַּשָּׂדֶה֙ba.sa.DehH7704whereאֲשֶׁ֣ר'a.SherH834youאַתָּ֣ה שָׁ֔ם'a.Tah ShamH859 H8033are,so Iוַאֲנִ֕יva.'a.NiH589can askאֲדַבֵּ֥ר'a.da.BerH1696about youאֶל־'el-H413אָבִ֑י'a.ViH1.And if I find outוְרָאִ֥יתִיve.ra.'I.tiH7200anythingמָ֖הmahH4100,I will tellוְהִגַּ֥דְתִּיve.hi.Gad.tiH5046you.”

4Then Jonathanיְהוֹנָתָ֤ןye.ho.na.TanH3083spokeוַיְדַבֵּ֨רvay.da.BerH1696wellט֔וֹבTovH2896of Davidבְּדָוִד֙be.da.VidH1732toאֶל־'el-H413his fatherאָבִ֑יו'a.VivH1Saulשָׁא֖וּלsha.'UlH7586and saidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559to himאֵ֠לָיו'E.lavH413, “The kingהַמֶּ֜לֶךְha.Me.lekhH4428should notאַל־'al-H408sinיֶחֱטָ֨אye.che.Ta'H2398against his servantבְּעַבְדּ֣וֹbe.'av.DoH5650Davidבְדָוִ֗דve.da.VidH1732;he has notל֤וֹאLo'H3808sinnedחָטָא֙cha.Ta'H2398against youכִּ֣יkiH3588.In factוְכִ֥יve.KhiH3588,his actionsמַעֲשָׂ֖יוma.'a.SavH4639have beenhighlyמְאֹֽד׃me.'OdH3966beneficialטוֹב־tov-H2896to you.

5He tookוַיָּשֶׂם֩vai.ya.SemH7760אֶת־'et-H853his lifeנַפְשׁ֨וֹnaf.ShoH5315in his handsבְכַפּ֜וֹve.kha.PoH3709when he struck downוַיַּ֣ךְvai.YakhH5221אֶת־'et-H853the Philistineהַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֗יha.pe.lish.TiH6430,and the LORDיְהוָ֜הYah.wehH3068workedוַיַּ֨עַשׂvai.Ya.'asH6213a greatגְדוֹלָה֙ge.do.LahH1419salvationתְּשׁוּעָ֤הte.shu.'AhH8668for allלְכָל־le.kholH3605Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לYis.ra.'ElH3478.You sawרָאִ֖יתָra.'I.taH7200it and rejoicedוַתִּשְׂמָ֑חva.tis.MachH8055,so whyוְלָ֤מָּהve.La.mahH4100would you sinתֶֽחֱטָא֙te.che.Ta'H2398against innocentנָקִ֔יna.KiH5355bloodבְּדָ֣םbe.DamH1818by killingלְהָמִ֥יתle.ha.MitH4191אֶת־'et-H853Davidדָּוִ֖דda.VidH1732for no reasonחִנָּֽם׃chi.NamH2600?”

6Saulשָׁא֖וּלsha.'UlH7586listenedוַיִּשְׁמַ֥עvai.yish.Ma'H8085to the voiceבְּק֣וֹלbe.KolH6963of Jonathanיְהוֹנָתָ֑ןye.ho.na.TanH3083and swore an oathוַיִּשָּׁבַ֣ע שָׁא֔וּלvai.yi.sha.Va' sha.'UlH7650 H7586: “As surely as the LORDיְהוָ֖הYah.wehH3068livesחַי־chai-H2416,David will notאִם־'im-H518be put to deathיוּמָֽת׃yu.MatH4191.”

7So Jonathanיְהוֹנָתָן֙ye.ho.na.TanH3083summonedוַיִּקְרָ֤אvai.yik.Ra'H7121Davidלְדָוִ֔דle.da.VidH1732and toldוַיַּגֶּד־vai.ya.ged-H5046himallכָּל־kol-H3605theseהָאֵ֑לֶּהha.'E.lehH428thingsהַדְּבָרִ֖יםha.de.va.RimH1697.Then Jonathanיְה֣וֹנָתָ֔ןye.Ho.na.TanH3083אֵ֥ת'etH853broughtוַיָּבֵ֨א יְהוֹנָתָ֤ןvai.ya.Ve' ye.ho.na.TanH935 H3083אֶת־'et-H853Davidדָּוִד֙da.VidH1732toאֶל־'el-H413Saulשָׁא֔וּלsha.'UlH7586,andוַיְהִ֥יvay.HiH1961Davidwas withלְפָנָ֖יוle.fa.NavH6440Saulas beforeכְּאֶתְמ֥וֹל שִׁלְשֽׁוֹם׃ סke.'et.Mol shil.ShomH865 H8032.

8When warהַמִּלְחָמָ֖הha.mil.cha.MahH4421broke outלִֽהְי֑וֹתlih.YotH1961againוַתּ֥וֹסֶףva.To.sefH3254,Davidדָוִ֜דda.VidH1732went outוַיֵּצֵ֨אvai.ye.Tze'H3318and foughtוַיִּלָּ֣חֶםvai.yi.La.chemH3898the Philistinesבַּפְּלִשְׁתִּ֗יםba.pe.lish.TimH6430and struckוַיַּ֤ךְvai.YakhH5221themwith such a mightyגְדוֹלָ֔הge.do.LahH1419blowמַכָּ֣הma.KahH4347that they fledוַיָּנֻ֖סוּvai.ya.Nu.suH5127before himמִפָּנָֽיו׃mi.pa.NavH6440.

9But as Saulוְהוּא֙ve.Hu'H1931was sittingיוֹשֵׁ֔בyo.ShevH3427in his houseבְּבֵית֣וֹbe.vei.ToH1004with his spearוַחֲנִית֖וֹva.cha.ni.ToH2595in his handבְּיָד֑וֹbe.ya.DoH3027,a spiritר֨וּחַRu.achH7307of distressרָעָה֙ra.'AhH7451from the LORDיְהוָ֤ה׀Yah.wehH3068cameוַתְּהִי֩va.te.HiH1961uponאֶל־'el-H413himשָׁא֔וּלsha.'UlH7586.While Davidוְדָוִ֖דve.da.VidH1732was playing the harpמְנַגֵּ֥ן בְּיָֽד׃me.na.Gen be.YadH5059 H3027,

10Saulשָׁא֜וּלsha.'UlH7586triedוַיְבַקֵּ֨שׁvay.va.KeshH1245to pinלְהַכּ֤וֹתle.ha.KotH5221himבְּדָוִ֣דbe.da.VidH1732to the wallוּבַקִּ֔ירu.va.KirH7023with his spearבַּֽחֲנִית֙ba.cha.NitH2595.But Davidוְדָוִ֛דve.da.VidH1732eludedוַיִּפְטַר֙ מִפְּנֵ֣יvai.yif.Tar mi.pe.NeiH6362 H6440himשָׁא֔וּלsha.'UlH7586and the spearהַחֲנִ֖יתha.cha.NitH2595struckוַיַּ֥ךְvai.YakhH5221אֶֽת־'et-H853the wallבַּקִּ֑ירba.KirH7023.And David fledנָ֥סnasH5127and escapedוַיִּמָּלֵ֖טvai.yi.ma.LetH4422thatהֽוּא׃ פHu'H1931nightבַּלַּ֥יְלָהba.Lay.lahH3915.

11Then Saulשָׁא֨וּלsha.'UlH7586sentוַיִּשְׁלַח֩vai.yish.LachH7971messengersמַלְאָכִ֜יםmal.'a.KhimH4397toאֶל־'el-H413David’sדָּוִד֙da.VidH1732houseבֵּ֤יתbeitH1004to watch himלְשָׁמְר֔וֹle.sha.me.RoH8104and kill himוְלַהֲמִית֖וֹve.la.ha.mi.ToH4191in the morningבַּבֹּ֑קֶרba.Bo.kerH1242.But David’s wifeאִשְׁתּוֹ֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר'ish.To le.MorH802 H559Michalמִיכַ֤לmi.KhalH4324warnedוַתַּגֵּ֣דva.ta.GedH5046himלְדָוִ֗דle.da.VidH1732, “Ifאִם־'im-H518you do notאֵ֨ינְךָ֜'ei.ne.khaH369runמְמַלֵּ֤טme.ma.LetH4422אֶֽת־'et-H853for your lifeנַפְשְׁךָ֙naf.she.KhaH5315tonightהַלַּ֔יְלָהha.Lay.lahH3915,tomorrowמָחָ֖רma.CharH4279youאַתָּ֥ה'a.TahH859will be deadמוּמָֽת׃mu.MatH4191!”

12So Michalמִיכַ֛לmi.KhalH4324אֶת־'et-H853loweredוַתֹּ֧רֶדva.To.redH3381Davidדָּוִ֖דda.VidH1732fromבְּעַ֣דbe.'AdH1157the windowהַחַלּ֑וֹן וַיֵּ֥לֶךְha.cha.Lon vai.Ye.lekhH2474 H1980,and he ran awayוַיִּבְרַ֖חvai.yiv.RachH1272and escapedוַיִּמָּלֵֽט׃vai.yi.ma.LetH4422.

13Then Michalמִיכַ֜לmi.KhalH4324אֶת־'et-H853tookוַתִּקַּ֨חva.ti.KachH3947a household idolהַתְּרָפִ֗יםha.te.ra.FimH8655and laidוַתָּ֙שֶׂם֙va.Ta.semH7760itinאֶל־'el-H413the bedהַמִּטָּ֔הha.mi.TahH4296וְאֵת֙ve.'EtH853,placedשָׂ֖מָהSa.mahH7760some goat hairכְּבִ֣יר הָֽעִזִּ֔יםke.Vir ha.'i.ZimH3523 H5795on its headמְרַֽאֲשֹׁתָ֑יוme.ra.'a.sho.TavH4763,and coveredוַתְּכַ֖סva.te.KhasH3680it with a garmentבַּבָּֽגֶד׃ סba.Ba.gedH899.

14When Saulשָׁא֛וּלsha.'UlH7586sentוַיִּשְׁלַ֥חvai.yish.LachH7971the messengersמַלְאָכִ֖יםmal.'a.KhimH4397to seizeלָקַ֣חַתla.Ka.chatH3947אֶת־'et-H853Davidדָּוִ֑דda.VidH1732,Michal saidוַתֹּ֖אמֶרva.To.merH559, “Heהֽוּא׃ פHu'H1931isillחֹלֶ֥הcho.LehH2470.”

15But Saulשָׁאוּל֙sha.'UlH7586אֶת־'et-H853sentוַיִּשְׁלַ֤חvai.yish.LachH7971the messengers backהַמַּלְאָכִ֔יםha.mal.'a.KhimH4397to seeלִרְא֥וֹתlir.'otH7200אֶת־'et-H853Davidדָּוִ֖דda.VidH1732and told themלֵאמֹ֑רle.MorH559, “Bringהַעֲל֨וּha.'a.LuH5927himאֹת֧וֹ'o.ToH853up to meאֵלַ֖י'e.LaiH413in his bedבַמִּטָּ֛הva.mi.TahH4296so I can kill himלַהֲמִתֽוֹ׃la.ha.mi.ToH4191.”

16And when the messengersהַמַּלְאָכִ֔יםha.mal.'a.KhimH4397enteredוַיָּבֹ֙אוּ֙vai.ya.Vo.'uH935,there wasוְהִנֵּ֥הve.hi.NehH2009the idolהַתְּרָפִ֖יםha.te.ra.FimH8655inאֶל־'el-H413the bedהַמִּטָּ֑הha.mi.TahH4296with the goatוּכְבִ֥יר הָעִזִּ֖יםu.khe.Vir ha.'i.ZimH3523 H5795hairon its headמְרַאֲשֹׁתָֽיו׃me.ra.'a.sho.TavH4763.

17And Saulשָׁא֜וּלsha.'UlH7586saidוַיֹּ֨אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559אֶל־'el-H413to Michalמִיכַ֗לmi.KhalH4324, “Whyלָ֤מָּהLa.mahH4100did you deceive meרִמִּיתִ֔נִיri.mi.Ti.niH7411like thisכָּ֙כָה֙ka.khahH3602?You sent my enemyאֹיְבִ֖י'o.ye.ViH341awayוַתְּשַׁלְּחִ֥יva.te.sha.le.ChiH7971אֶת־'et-H853,and he has escapedוַיִּמָּלֵ֑טvai.yi.ma.LetH4422!”Michalמִיכַל֙ אֶל־mi.Khal 'el-H4324 H413repliedוַתֹּ֤אמֶרva.To.merH559שָׁא֔וּלsha.'UlH7586, “Heהוּא־hu'-H1931saidאָמַ֥ר'a.MarH559to meאֵלַ֛י'e.LaiH413, ‘Help me get awayשַׁלְּחִ֖נִיsha.le.Chi.niH7971,orלָמָ֥הla.MahH4100I will kill youאֲמִיתֵֽךְ׃'a.mi.TekhH4191!’”

18So Davidוְדָוִ֨דve.da.VidH1732ran awayבָּרַ֜חba.RachH1272and escapedוַיִּמָּלֵ֗טvai.yi.ma.LetH4422.And he wentוַיָּבֹ֤אvai.ya.Vo'H935toאֶל־'el-H413Samuelשְׁמוּאֵל֙she.mu.'ElH8050at Ramahהָרָמָ֔תָהha.ra.Ma.tahH7414and toldוַיַּ֨גֶּד־vai.Ya.ged-H5046himאֵ֛ת'etH853allכָּל־kol-H3605thatאֲשֶׁ֥ר'a.SherH834Saulשָׁא֑וּלsha.'UlH7586had doneעָֽשָׂה־'a.sah-H6213to him.Then heהוּא֙hu'H1931and Samuelוּשְׁמוּאֵ֔לu.she.mu.'ElH8050wentוַיֵּ֤לֶךְvai.Ye.lekhH1980to Naiothand stayedוַיֵּשְׁב֖וּvai.ye.she.VuH3427thereבְּנָֽיוֹת׃be.noitH5121.

19When Saulלְשָׁא֖וּלle.sha.'UlH7586was toldוַיֻּגַּ֥ד לֵאמֹ֑ר הִנֵּ֣הvai.yu.Gad le.Mor hi.NehH5046 H559 H2009that Davidדָוִ֔דda.VidH1732was at Naiothבְּנָי֖וֹתbe.noitH5121in Ramahבָּרָמָֽה׃ba.ra.MahH7414,

20heשָׁא֣וּלsha.'UlH7586sentוַיִּשְׁלַ֨חvai.yish.LachH7971messengersמַלְאָכִים֮mal.'a.KhimH4397to seizeלָקַ֣חַתla.Ka.chatH3947אֶת־'et-H853himדָּוִד֒da.VidH1732.But when they sawוַיַּ֗רְאvai.Yar'H7200אֶֽת־'et-H853the groupלַהֲקַ֤תla.ha.KatH3862of prophetsהַנְּבִיאִים֙ha.ne.vi.'ImH5030prophesyingנִבְּאִ֔יםni.be.'ImH5012,with Samuelוּשְׁמוּאֵ֕ל עֹמֵ֥דu.she.mu.'El 'o.MedH8050 H5975leading themנִצָּ֖בni.TzavH5324,the Spiritר֣וּחַRu.achH7307of Godאֱלֹהִ֔ים'E.lo.HimH430cameוַתְּהִ֞יva.te.HiH1961uponעֲלֵיהֶ֑ם'a.lei.HemH5921themעַֽל־'al-H5921,and Saul’sשָׁאוּל֙sha.'UlH7586messengersמַלְאֲכֵ֤יmal.'a.KheiH4397alsoגַּם־gam-H1571began to prophesyוַיִּֽתְנַבְּא֖וּvai.yit.na.be.'UH5012הֵֽמָּה׃He.mahH1992.

21When this was reportedוַיַּגִּ֣דוּvai.ya.Gi.duH5046to Saulלְשָׁא֗וּלle.sha.'UlH7586,he sentוַיִּשְׁלַח֙vai.yish.LachH7971moreאֲחֵרִ֔ים'a.che.RimH312messengersמַלְאָכִ֣יםmal.'a.KhimH4397,but theyהֵ֑מָּהHe.mahH1992began to prophesyוַיִּֽתְנַבְּא֖וּvai.yit.na.be.'UH5012as wellגַּם־gam-H1571.So Saulשָׁא֗וּלsha.'UlH7586tried againוַיֹּ֣סֶףvai.Yo.sefH3254and sentוַיִּשְׁלַח֙vai.yish.LachH7971messengersמַלְאָכִ֣יםmal.'a.KhimH4397a thirdשְׁלִשִׁ֔יםshe.li.ShimH7992time,and evenגַּם־gam-H1571theyהֵֽמָּה׃He.mahH1992began to prophesyוַיִּֽתְנַבְּא֖וּvai.yit.na.be.'UH5012.

22Finally, Saul himselfה֜וּאhu'H1931left forוַיֵּ֨לֶךְ גַּם־vai.Ye.lekh gam-H1980 H1571Ramahהָרָמָ֗תָהha.ra.Ma.tahH7414and cameוַיָּבֹא֙vai.ya.Vo'H935toעַד־'ad-H5704the largeהַגָּדוֹל֙ha.ga.dOlH1419אֲשֶׁ֣ר'a.SherH834cisternבּ֤וֹרBorH953at Secuבַּשֶּׂ֔כוּba.Se.khuH7906,where he askedוַיִּשְׁאַ֣ל וַיֹּ֔אמֶרvai.yish.'Al vai.Yo.merH7592 H559, “Whereאֵיפֹ֥ה'ei.FohH375are Samuelשְׁמוּאֵ֖לshe.mu.'ElH8050and Davidוְדָוִ֑דve.da.VidH1732?” “At Naiothבְּנָי֥וֹתbe.noitH5121in Ramahבָּרָמָֽה׃ba.ra.MahH7414,”he was toldוַיֹּ֕אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559הִנֵּ֖הhi.NehH2009.

23So Saul wentשָׁ֔םShamH1980 H8033toאֶל־'el-H413Naiothנָי֖וֹתnoitH5121in Ramahבָּרָמָ֑הba.ra.MahH7414.But the Spiritר֣וּחַRu.achH7307of Godאֱלֹהִ֗ים'E.lo.HimH430cameוַתְּהִי֩va.te.HiH1961uponעָלָ֨יו'a.LavH5921evenגַּם־gam-H1571Saulה֜וּאhu'H1931,and he walked alongH1980prophesyingוַיִּתְנַבֵּ֔אvai.yit.na.Be'H5012untilעַד־'ad-H5704he came toבֹּא֖וֹbo.'OH935Naiothבְּנָי֥וֹתbe.noitH5121in Ramahבָּרָמָֽה׃ba.ra.MahH7414.

24Then Saulה֜וּאhu'H1931stripped offוַיִּפְשַׁ֨טvai.yif.ShatH6584his robesבְּגָדָ֗יוbe.ga.DavH899and alsoגַּם־gam-H1571prophesiedוַיִּתְנַבֵּ֤אvai.yit.na.Be'H5012גַם־gam-H1571הוּא֙hu'H1931beforeלִפְנֵ֣יlif.NeiH6440Samuelשְׁמוּאֵ֔לshe.mu.'ElH8050.And he collapsedוַיִּפֹּ֣לvai.yi.PolH5307and lay nakedעָרֹ֔ם'a.RomH6174allכָּל־kol-H3605thatהַה֖וּאha.Hu'H1931dayהַיּ֥וֹםhai.YomH3117andוְכָל־ve.kholH3605nightהַלָּ֑יְלָהha.La.ye.lahH3915.That is whyעַל־ כֵּן֙'al- kenH5921 H3651it is saidיֹֽאמְר֔וּyo.me.RuH559, “Is Saulשָׁא֖וּלsha.'UlH7586alsoהֲגַ֥םha.GamH1571among the prophetsבַּנְּבִיאִֽם׃ פba.ne.vi.'ImH5030?”

(Psalm 59:1–17)

Commentaries on 1 Samuel 19