Revised Literal Translation

Leviticus 19

1And Yhwhיְהוָ֖הYah.wehH3068spakeוַיְדַבֵּ֥רvay.da.BerH1696unto Mosesמֹשֶׁ֥הmo.ShehH4872,sayingלֵּאמֹֽרle.MorH559,

2Speakדַּבֵּ֞רda.BerH1696unto all the congregationעֲדַ֧ת'a.DatH5712of the childrenבְּנֵי־be.nei-H1121of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֛לYis.ra.'ElH3478,and sayוְאָמַרְתָּ֥ve.'a.mar.TaH559unto them, Ye shall be holyקְדֹשִׁ֣יםke.do.ShimH6918:for I Yhwhיְהוָ֥הYah.wehH3068your Godאֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃'e.lo.hei.KhemH430amholyקָד֔וֹשׁka.Do.oshH6918.

3Ye shall fearתִּירָ֔אוּti.Ra.'uH3372every manאִ֣ישׁ'ishH376his motherאִמּ֤וֹ'i.MoH517,and his fatherוְאָבִיו֙ve.'a.VivH1,and keepתִּשְׁמֹ֑רוּtish.Mo.ruH8104my sabbathsשַׁבְּתֹתַ֖יsha.be.to.TaiH7676: I amYhwhיְהוָ֥הYah.wehH3068your Godאֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃'e.lo.hei.KhemH430.

4Turnתִּפְנוּ֙tif.NuH6437ye not unto idolsהָ֣אֱלִילִ֔יםha.'e.li.LimH457,nor makeתַעֲשׂ֖וּta.'a.SuH6213to yourselves moltenמַסֵּכָ֔הma.se.KhahH4541godsוֵֽאלֹהֵי֙ve.lo.HeiH430: I amYhwhיְהוָ֥הYah.wehH3068your Godאֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃'e.lo.hei.KhemH430.

5And if ye offerתִזְבְּח֛וּtiz.be.ChuH2076a sacrificeזֶ֥בַחZe.vachH2077of peace offeringsשְׁלָמִ֖יםshe.la.MimH8002unto Yhwhלַיהוָ֑הla.Yah.wehH3068,ye shall offerתִּזְבָּחֻֽהוּ׃tiz.ba.Chu.huH2076it at your own willלִֽרְצֹנְכֶ֖םlir.tzo.ne.KhemH7522.

6It shall be eatenיֵאָכֵ֖לye.'a.KhelH398the same dayבְּי֧וֹםbe.YomH3117ye offerזִבְחֲכֶ֛םziv.cha.KhemH2077it, and on the morrowוּמִֽמָּחֳרָ֑תu.mi.mo.cho.RatH4283:and if ought remainוְהַנּוֹתָר֙ve.ha.no.TarH3498until the thirdהַשְּׁלִישִׁ֔יha.she.li.ShiH7992dayי֣וֹםYomH3117,it shall be burntיִשָּׂרֵֽף׃yi.sa.RefH8313in the fireבָּאֵ֖שׁba.'EshH784.

7And if it be eatenהֵאָכֹ֥לhe.'a.KholH398at allיֵאָכֵ֖לye.'a.KhelH398on the thirdהַשְּׁלִישִׁ֑יha.she.li.ShiH7992dayבַּיּ֣וֹםbai.YomH3117, it isabominableפִּגּ֥וּלpi.GulH6292;it shall not be acceptedיֵרָצֶֽה׃ye.ra.TzehH7521.

8Therefore every onethat eatethוְאֹֽכְלָיו֙ve.'o.khe.LavH398it shall bearיִשָּׂ֔אyi.Sa'H5375his iniquityעֲוֹנ֣וֹa.vo.NoH5771,because he hath profanedחִלֵּ֑לchi.LelH2490the hallowed thingקֹ֥דֶשׁKo.deshH6944of Yhwhיְהוָ֖הYah.wehH3068:and that soulהַנֶּ֥פֶשׁha.Ne.feshH5315shall be cut offוְנִכְרְתָ֛הve.nikh.re.TahH3772from among his peopleמֵעַמֶּֽיהָ׃me.'a.Mei.haH5971.

9And when ye reapH7114the harvestקְצִ֣ירke.TzirH7105of your landאַרְצְכֶ֔ם'ar.tze.KhemH776,thou shalt not wholly reapתְכַלֶּ֛הte.kha.LehH3615the cornersפְּאַ֥תpe.'AtH6285of thy fieldשָׂדְךָ֖sa.de.KhaH7704,neither shalt thou gatherתְלַקֵּֽט׃te.la.KetH3950the gleaningsוְלֶ֥קֶטve.Le.ketH3951of thy harvestקְצִֽירְךָ֖ke.tzi.re.ChaH7105.

10And thou shalt not gleanתְעוֹלֵ֔לte.'o.LelH5953thy vineyardוְכַרְמְךָ֙ve.khar.me.KhaH3754,neither shalt thou gatherתְלַקֵּ֑טte.la.KetH3950everygrapeוּפֶ֥רֶטu.Fe.retH6528of thy vineyardכַּרְמְךָ֖kar.me.KhaH3754;thou shalt leaveתַּעֲזֹ֣בta.'a.ZoH5800them for the poorלֶֽעָנִ֤יle.'a.NiH6041and strangerוְלַגֵּר֙ve.la.GerH1616: I amYhwhיְהוָ֥הYah.wehH3068your Godאֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃'e.lo.hei.KhemH430.

11Ye shall not stealתִּגְנֹ֑בוּtig.NouH1589,neither deal falselyתְכַחֲשׁ֥וּte.kha.cha.ShuH3584,neither lieתְשַׁקְּר֖וּte.sha.ke.RuH8266oneאִ֥ישׁ'ishH376to anotherבַּעֲמִיתֽוֹ׃ba.'a.mi.ToH5997.

12And ye shall not swearתִשָּׁבְע֥וּti.sha.ve.'UH7650by my nameבִשְׁמִ֖יvish.MiH8034falselyלַשָּׁ֑קֶרla.Sha.kerH8267,neither shalt thou profaneוְחִלַּלְתָּ֛ve.chi.lal.TaH2490the nameשֵׁ֥םshemH8034of thy Godאֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ'e.lo.Hei.khaH430: I amYhwhיְהוָֽה׃Yah.wehH3068.

13Thou shalt not defraudתַעֲשֹׁ֥קta.'a.ShokH6231thy neighbourרֵֽעֲךָ֖re.'a.KhaH7453,neither robתִגְזֹ֑לtig.ZolH1497him:the wagesפְּעֻלַּ֥תpe.'u.LatH6468of him that is hiredשָׂכִ֛ירsa.KhirH7916shall not abideתָלִ֞יןta.LinH3885with thee all night until the morningבֹּֽקֶר׃Bo.kerH1242.

14Thou shalt not curseתְקַלֵּ֣לte.ka.LelH7043the deafחֵרֵ֔שׁche.ReshH2795,nor putתִתֵּ֖ןti.TenH5414a stumblingblockמִכְשֹׁ֑לmikh.SholH4383beforeוְלִפְנֵ֣יve.lif.NeiH6440the blindעִוֵּ֔ר'i.VerH5787,but shalt fearוְיָרֵ֥אתָve.ya.Re.taH3372thy Godמֵּאֱלֹהֶ֖יךָme.'e.lo.Hei.khaH430: I amYhwhיְהוָֽה׃Yah.wehH3068.

15Ye shall doתַעֲשׂ֥וּta.'a.SuH6213no unrighteousnessעָ֙וֶל֙'a.velH5766in judgmentבַּמִּשְׁפָּ֔טba.mish.PatH4941:thou shalt not respectתִשָּׂ֣אti.Sa'H5375the personפְנֵי־fe.nei-H6440of the poorדָ֔לDalH1800,nor honourתֶהְדַּ֖רteh.DarH1921the personפְּנֵ֣יpe.NeiH6440of the mightyגָד֑וֹלga.DolH1419: butin righteousnessבְּצֶ֖דֶקbe.Tze.dekH6664shalt thou judgeתִּשְׁפֹּ֥טtish.PotH8199thy neighbourעֲמִיתֶֽךָ׃'a.mi.Te.khaH5997.

16Thou shalt not goH3212up and down asa talebearerרָכִיל֙ra.KhilH7400among thy peopleבְּעַמֶּ֔יךָbe.'a.Mei.khaH5971:neither shalt thou standתַעֲמֹ֖דta.'a.ModH5975against the bloodדַּ֣םdamH1818of thy neighbourרֵעֶ֑ךָre.'E.khaH7453: I amYhwhיְהוָֽה׃Yah.wehH3068.

17Thou shalt not hateתִשְׂנָ֥אtis.Na'H8130thy brotherאָחִ֖יךָ'a.Chi.khaH251in thine heartבִּלְבָבֶ֑ךָbil.va.Ve.khaH3824:thou shalt in any wiseהוֹכֵ֤חַho.Khe.achH3198rebukeתּוֹכִ֙יחַ֙to.Khi.achH3198thy neighbourעֲמִיתֶ֔ךָ'a.mi.Te.khaH5997,and not sufferתִשָּׂ֥אti.Sa'H5375sinחֵֽטְא׃Chet'H2399upon him.

18Thou shalt not avengeתִקֹּ֤םti.KomH5358,nor bear any grudgeתִטֹּר֙ti.TorH5201against the childrenבְּנֵ֣יbe.NeiH1121of thy peopleעַמֶּ֔ךָ'a.Me.khaH5971,but thou shalt loveוְאָֽהַבְתָּ֥ve.'a.hav.TaH157thy neighbourלְרֵעֲךָ֖le.re.'a.KhaH7453as thyselfכָּמ֑וֹךָka.Mo.khaH3644: I amYhwhיְהוָֽה׃Yah.wehH3068.

19Ye shall keepתִּשְׁמֹרוּ֒tish.mo.RuH8104my statutesחֻקֹּתַי֮chu.ko.TaiH2708.Thou shalt not let thy cattleבְּהֶמְתְּךָ֙be.hem.te.KhaH929genderתַרְבִּ֣יעַtar.Bi.a'H7250with a diverse kindכִּלְאַ֔יִםkil.'A.yimH3610:thou shalt not sowתִזְרַ֣עtiz.Ra'H2232thy fieldשָׂדְךָ֖sa.de.KhaH7704with mingled seedכִּלְאָ֑יִםkil.'A.yimH3610:neither shall a garmentוּבֶ֤גֶדu.Ve.gedH899mingledכִּלְאַ֙יִם֙kil.'A.yimH3610of linen and woollenשַֽׁעַטְנֵ֔זsha.'at.NezH8162comeיַעֲלֶ֖הya.'a.LehH5927upon thee.

20And whosoeverוְ֠אִישׁVe.'ishH376liethיִשְׁכַּ֨בyish.KavH7901carnallyשִׁכְבַת־ זֶ֗רַעshikh.vat- Ze.ra'H7902 H2233with a womanאִשָּׁ֜ה'i.ShahH802, that isa bondmaidשִׁפְחָה֙shif.ChahH8198,betrothedנֶחֱרֶ֣פֶתne.che.Re.fetH2778to an husbandלְאִ֔ישׁle.'IshH376,and not at allוְהָפְדֵּה֙ve.ha.fe.DehH6299redeemedנִפְדָּ֔תָהnif.Da.tahH6299,nor freedomחֻפְשָׁ֖הchuf.ShahH2668givenנִתַּן־ni.tan-H5414her; she shall be scourgedבִּקֹּ֧רֶתbi.Ko.retH1244;they shall not be put to deathיוּמְת֖וּyu.me.TuH4191,because she was not freeחֻפָּֽשָׁה׃chu.Pa.shahH2666.

21And he shall bringוְהֵבִ֤יאve.he.Vi'H935his trespass offeringאֲשָׁמוֹ֙'a.sha.MoH817unto Yhwhלַֽיהוָ֔הla.Yah.wehH3068,unto the doorפֶּ֖תַחPe.tachH6607of the tabernacleאֹ֣הֶל'O.helH168of the congregationמוֹעֵ֑דmo.'EdH4150, evena ramאֵ֖יל'eilH352for a trespass offeringאָשָֽׁם׃'a.ShamH817.

22And the priestהַכֹּהֵ֜ןha.ko.HenH3548shall make an atonementוְכִפֶּר֩ve.khi.PerH3722for him with the ramבְּאֵ֤ילbe.'EilH352of the trespass offeringהָֽאָשָׁם֙ha.'a.ShamH817beforeלִפְנֵ֣יlif.NeiH6440Yhwhיְהוָ֔הYah.wehH3068for his sinחַטָּאת֖וֹcha.ta.ToH2403which he hath doneחָטָ֑אcha.Ta'H2398:and the sinמֵחַטָּאת֖וֹme.cha.ta.ToH2403which he hath doneחָטָֽא׃ פcha.Ta'H2398shall be forgivenוְנִסְלַ֣חve.nis.LachH5545him.

23And when ye shall comeתָבֹ֣אוּta.Vo.'uH935into the landהָאָ֗רֶץha.'A.retzH776,and shall have plantedוּנְטַעְתֶּם֙u.ne.ta'.TemH5193all manner of treesעֵ֣ץ'etzH6086for foodמַאֲכָ֔לma.'a.KhalH3978,then ye shall countוַעֲרַלְתֶּ֥םva.'a.ral.TemH6188the fruitפִּרְי֑וֹpir.YoH6529thereof as uncircumcisedעָרְלָת֖וֹa.re.la.ToH6190:threeשָׁלֹ֣שׁsha.LoshH7969yearsשָׁנִ֗יםsha.NimH8141shall it be as uncircumcisedעֲרֵלִ֖ים'a.re.LimH6189unto you: it shall not be eatenיֵאָכֵֽל׃ye.'a.KhelH398of.

24But in the fourthהָרְבִיעִ֔תha.re.vi.'ItH7243yearוּבַשָּׁנָה֙u.va.sha.NahH8141all the fruitפִּרְי֑וֹpir.YoH6529thereof shall be holyקֹ֥דֶשׁKo.deshH6944to praiseהִלּוּלִ֖יםhi.lu.LimH1974Yhwhלַיהוָֽה׃la.Yah.wehH3068withal.

25And in the fifthהַחֲמִישִׁ֗תha.cha.mi.ShitH2549yearוּבַשָּׁנָ֣הu.va.sha.NahH8141shall ye eatתֹּֽאכְלוּ֙to.khe.LuH398of the fruitפִּרְי֔וֹpir.YoH6529thereof, that it may yieldלְהוֹסִ֥יףle.ho.SifH3254unto you the increaseתְּבוּאָת֑וֹte.vu.'a.ToH8393thereof: I amYhwhיְהוָ֥הYah.wehH3068your Godאֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃'e.lo.hei.KhemH430.

26Ye shall not eatתֹאכְל֖וּto.khe.LuH398any thingwith the bloodהַדָּ֑םha.DamH1818:neither shall ye use enchantmentתְנַחֲשׁ֖וּte.na.cha.ShuH5172,nor observe timesתְעוֹנֵֽנוּ׃te.'o.Ne.nuH6049.

27Ye shall not roundתַקִּ֔פוּta.Ki.fuH5362the cornersפְּאַ֖תpe.'AtH6285of your headsרֹאשְׁכֶ֑םrosh.KhemH7218,neither shalt thou marתַשְׁחִ֔יתtash.ChitH7843the cornersפְּאַ֥תpe.'AtH6285of thy beardזְקָנֶֽךָ׃ze.ka.Ne.chaH2206.

28Ye shall not makeתִתְּנוּ֙ti.te.NuH5414anyוּכְתֹ֣בֶתu.khe.ToetH3793cuttingsוְשֶׂ֣רֶטve.Se.retH8296in your fleshבִּבְשַׂרְכֶ֔םbiv.sar.KhemH1320for the deadלָנֶ֗פֶשׁla.Ne.feshH5315,nor printתִתְּנ֖וּti.te.NuH5414any marksקַֽעֲקַ֔עka.'a.Ka'H7085upon you: I amYhwhיְהוָֽה׃Yah.wehH3068.

29Do not prostituteתְּחַלֵּ֥לte.cha.LelH2490thy daughterבִּתְּךָ֖bi.te.KhaH1323,to cause her to be a whoreלְהַזְנוֹתָ֑הּle.haz.no.TahH2181;lest the landהָאָ֔רֶץha.'A.retzH776fall to whoredomתִזְנֶ֣הtiz.NehH2181,and the landהָאָ֖רֶץha.'A.retzH776become fullוּמָלְאָ֥הu.mal.'AhH4390of wickednessזִמָּֽה׃zi.MahH2154.

30Ye shall keepתִּשְׁמֹ֔רוּtish.Mo.ruH8104my sabbathsשַׁבְּתֹתַ֣יsha.be.to.TaiH7676,and reverenceתִּירָ֑אוּti.Ra.'uH3372my sanctuaryוּמִקְדָּשִׁ֖יu.mik.da.ShiH4720: I amYhwhיְהוָֽה׃Yah.wehH3068.

31Regardתִּפְנ֤וּtif.NuH6437not them that have familiar spiritsהָאֹבֹת֙ha.'o.VotH178,neither seekתְּבַקְשׁ֖וּte.vak.ShuH1245after wizardsהַיִּדְּעֹנִ֔יםhai.yi.de.'o.NimH3049,to be defiledלְטָמְאָ֣הle.ta.me.'AhH2930by them: I amYhwhיְהוָ֥הYah.wehH3068your Godאֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃'e.lo.hei.KhemH430.

32Thou shalt rise upתָּק֔וּםta.KumH6965beforeמִפְּנֵ֤יmi.pe.NeiH6440the hoary headשֵׂיבָה֙sei.VahH7872,and honourוְהָדַרְתָּ֖ve.ha.dar.TaH1921the faceפְּנֵ֣יpe.NeiH6440of the old manזָקֵ֑ןza.KenH2205,and fearוְיָרֵ֥אתָve.ya.Re.taH3372thy Godמֵּאֱלֹהֶ֖יךָme.'e.lo.Hei.khaH430: I amYhwhיְהוָֽה׃ פYah.wehH3068.

33And if a strangerגֵּ֖רgerH1616sojournיָג֧וּרya.GurH1481with thee in your landבְּאַרְצְכֶ֑םbe.'ar.tze.KhemH776,ye shall not vexתוֹנ֖וּto.NuH3238him.

34Butthe strangerהַגֵּ֣ר׀ha.GerH1616that dwellethהַגָּ֣רha.GarH1481with you shall be unto you as one bornכְּאֶזְרָ֣חke.'ez.RachH249among you, and thou shalt loveוְאָהַבְתָּ֥ve.'a.hav.TaH157him as thyself; for ye were strangersגֵרִ֥יםge.RimH1616in the landבְּאֶ֣רֶץbe.'E.retzH776of Egyptמִצְרָ֑יִםmitz.Ra.yimH4714: I amYhwhיְהוָ֥הYah.wehH3068your Godאֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃'e.lo.hei.KhemH430.

35Ye shall doתַעֲשׂ֥וּta.'a.SuH6213no unrighteousnessעָ֖וֶל'A.velH5766in judgmentבַּמִּשְׁפָּ֑טba.mish.PatH4941,in meteyardבַּמִּדָּ֕הba.mi.DahH4060,in weightבַּמִּשְׁקָ֖לba.mish.KalH4948,or in measureוּבַמְּשׂוּרָֽה׃u.va.me.su.RahH4884.

36Justצֶ֣דֶקTze.dekH6664balancesמֹ֧אזְנֵיMoz.neiH3976,justצֶ֗דֶקTze.dekH6664weightsאַבְנֵי־'av.nei-H68,a justצֶ֛דֶקTze.dekH6664ephahאֵ֥יפַת'Ei.fatH374,and a justצֶ֖דֶקTze.dekH6664hinוְהִ֥יןve.HinH1969, shall ye have: I amYhwhיְהוָ֣הYah.wehH3068your Godאֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֔ם'e.lo.hei.KhemH430,which brought you outהוֹצֵ֥אתִיho.Tze.tiH3318of the landמֵאֶ֥רֶץme.'E.retzH776of Egyptמִצְרָֽיִם׃mitz.Ra.yimH4714.

37Therefore shall ye observeוּשְׁמַרְתֶּ֤םu.she.mar.TemH8104all my statutesחֻקֹּתַי֙chu.ko.TaiH2708,and all my judgmentsמִשְׁפָּטַ֔יmish.pa.TaiH4941,and doוַעֲשִׂיתֶ֖םva.'a.si.TemH6213them: I amYhwhיְהוָֽה׃ פYah.wehH3068.

Commentaries on Leviticus 19