Leviticus 23
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Berean Standard Bible

Leviticus 23

(Exodus 23:14–19)

1Then the LORDH3068 saidH1696 toH413 MosesH4872H559, 2“SpeakH1696 toH413 the IsraelitesH1121H3478 and sayH559 to themH413, ‘TheseH428 areH1992 My appointed feastsH4150, the feastsH4150 of the LORDH3068 thatH834 you are to proclaimH7121 as sacredH6944 assembliesH4744.

3For sixH8337 daysH3117 workH4399 may be doneH6213, but the seventhH7637 dayH3117 is a SabbathH7676 of complete restH7677, a day of sacredH6944 assemblyH4744. You must notH3808 doH6213 anyH3605 workH4399; whereverH3605 you liveH4186, itH1931 is a SabbathH7676 to the LORDH3068.

Passover and the Feast of Unleavened Bread

(Exodus 12:14–28; Numbers 28:16–25; Deuteronomy 16:1–8)

4TheseH428 are the LORD’sH3068 appointed feastsH4150, the sacredH6944 assembliesH4744 you are to proclaimH7121 at their appointed timesH4150. 5The PassoverH6453 to the LORDH3068 begins atH996 twilightH6153 on the fourteenthH702H62401 dayH2320 of the firstH7223 monthH2320. 6On the fifteenthH2568H6240 dayH3117 of the sameH2088 monthH2320 begins the FeastH2282 of Unleavened BreadH46822 to the LORDH3068. For sevenH7651 daysH3117 you must eatH398 unleavened breadH4682. 7On the firstH7223 dayH3117 you are to holdH1961 a sacredH6944 assemblyH4744; you are notH3808 to doH6213 anyH3605 regularH5656 workH4399. 8For sevenH7651 daysH3117 you are to presentH7126 a food offeringH801 to the LORDH3068. On the seventhH7637 dayH3117 there shall be a sacredH6944 assemblyH4744; you must notH3808 doH6213 anyH3605 regularH5656 workH4399.’”

The Feast of Firstfruits

9And the LORDH3068 saidH1696 toH413 MosesH4872H559, 10“SpeakH1696 toH413 the IsraelitesH1121H3478 and sayH559, ‘WhenH3588 you enterH935H413 the landH776 thatH834 IH589 am givingH5414 you and you reapH7114 its harvestH7105, you are to bringH935 toH413 the priestH3548 a sheafH6016 of the firstfruitsH7225 of your harvestH7105. 11And he shall waveH5130 the sheafH6016 beforeH6440 the LORDH3068 so that it may be accepted on your behalfH7522; the priestH3548 is to wave itH5130 on the day afterH4283 the SabbathH7676.

12On the dayH3117 you waveH5130 the sheafH6016, you shall offerH6213 a year-oldH1121H8141 lambH3532 without blemishH8549 as a burnt offeringH5930 to the LORDH3068, 13along with its grain offeringH4503 of two-tenths of an ephahH8147H6241 of fine flourH55603 mixedH1101 with oilH8081—a food offeringH801 to the LORDH3068, a pleasingH5207 aromaH7381—and its drink offeringH5262 of a quarterH7243 hinH1969 of wineH3196.4

14You must notH3808 eatH398 any breadH3899 or roastedH7039 or new grainH3759 untilH5704 theH2088 veryH6106 dayH3117 you have broughtH935 thisH853 offeringH7133 to your GodH430. This is to be a permanentH5769 statuteH2708 for the generations to comeH1755, whereverH3605 you liveH4186.

The Feast of Weeks

(Acts 2:1–13)

15From the day afterH4283 the SabbathH7676, the dayH3117 you broughtH935 the sheafH6016 of the wave offeringH8573, you are to count offH5608 sevenH7651 fullH8549 weeksH7676. 16You shall count offH5608 fiftyH2572 daysH3117 untilH5704 the day afterH4283 the seventhH7637 SabbathH7676, and then presentH7126 an offering of newH2319 grainH4503 to the LORDH3068.

17BringH935 twoH8147 loaves of breadH3899 from your dwellingsH4186 as a wave offeringH8573, each made from two-tenths of an ephahH8147H6241 of fine flourH5560H1961, bakedH644 with leavenH2557, as the firstfruitsH1061 to the LORDH3068.

18Along withH5921 the breadH3899 you are to presentH7126 sevenH7651 unblemishedH8549 male lambsH3532 a year oldH1121H8141, oneH259 young bullH6499H1121H1241, and twoH8147 ramsH352. They will beH1961 a burnt offeringH5930 to the LORDH3068, together with their grain offeringsH4503 and drink offeringsH5262—a food offeringH801, a pleasingH5207 aromaH7381 to the LORDH3068.

19You shall also prepareH6213 oneH259 male goatH8163H5795 as a sin offeringH2403 and twoH8147 male lambsH3532 a year oldH1121H8141 as a peace offeringH8002H2077. 20The priestH3548 is to waveH5130 the lambs as a wave offeringH8573 beforeH6440 the LORDH3068, together withH5921 the breadH3899 of the firstfruitsH1061. The bread and the twoH8147 lambsH3532 shall beH1961 holyH6944 to the LORDH3068 for the priestH3548.

21On thatH2088 sameH6106 dayH3117 you are to proclaimH7121H1961 a sacredH6944 assemblyH4744, and you must notH3808 doH6213 anyH3605 regular workH4399H5656. This is to be a permanentH5769 statuteH2708 whereverH3605 you liveH4186 for the generations to comeH1755.

22When you reapH7114 the harvestH7105 of your landH776, do notH3808 reapH7114 all the wayH3615 to the edgesH6285 of your fieldH7704 or gatherH3950 the gleaningsH3951 of your harvestH7105H3808. LeaveH5800 themH853 for the poorH6041 and the foreign residentH1616. IH589 am the LORDH3068 your GodH430.’”

The Feast of Trumpets

(Numbers 29:1–6)

23The LORD alsoH3068 saidH1696 toH413 MosesH4872H559, 24“SpeakH1696 toH413 the IsraelitesH1121H3478 and sayH559, ‘On the firstH259 dayH2320 of the seventhH7637 monthH2320 you are to haveH1961 a day of restH7677, a sacredH6944 assemblyH4744 announcedH2146 by trumpet blastsH8643.5 25You must notH3808 doH6213 anyH3605 regular workH4399H5656, but you are to presentH7126 a food offeringH801 to the LORDH3068.’”

The Day of Atonement

(Leviticus 16:1–34; Numbers 29:7–11)

26Again the LORDH3068 saidH1696 toH413 MosesH4872H559, 27“The tenthH389H6218 day of thisH2088 seventhH7637 monthH2320 is the DayH3117 of AtonementH3725H1931. You shall holdH1961 a sacredH6944 assemblyH4744 and humbleH6031 yourselvesH5315,6 and presentH7126 a food offeringH801 to the LORDH3068.

28On thisH2088H6106 dayH3117 you are notH3808 to doH6213 anyH3605 workH4399, forH3588 itH1931 is the DayH3117 of AtonementH3725, when atonement is madeH3722 for youH5921 beforeH6440 the LORDH3068 your GodH430. 29IfH3588 anyoneH3605H5315 does notH3808 humble himselfH6031 on thisH2088H6106 dayH3117, he must be cut offH3772 from his peopleH5971. 30I will destroyH6 from amongH7130 his peopleH5971 anyoneH3605H5315 whoH834 doesH6213 anyH3605 workH4399 on thisH2088H6106 dayH3117.

31You are notH3808 to doH6213 anyH3605 work at allH4399. This is a permanentH5769 statuteH2708 for the generations to comeH1755, whereverH3605 you liveH4186. 32ItH1931 will be a SabbathH7676 of complete restH7677 for you, and you shall humbleH6031 yourselvesH5315. From the eveningH6153 of the ninthH8672 day of the monthH2320 untilH5704H6153 the following eveningH6153 you are to keepH7673 your SabbathH7676.”

The Feast of Tabernacles

(Nehemiah 8:13–18; Zechariah 14:16–21)

33And the LORDH3068 saidH1696 toH413 MosesH4872H559, 34“SpeakH1696 toH413 the IsraelitesH1121H3478 and sayH559, ‘On the fifteenthH2568H6240 dayH3117 of theH2088 seventhH7637 monthH2320 the FeastH2282 of TabernaclesH55217 to the LORDH3068 begins, and it continues for sevenH7651 daysH3117. 35On the firstH7223 dayH3117 there shall be a sacredH6944 assemblyH4744. You must notH3808 doH6213 anyH3605 regular workH4399H5656. 36For sevenH7651 daysH3117 you are to presentH7126 a food offeringH801 to the LORDH3068. On the eighthH8066 dayH3117 you are to holdH1961 a sacredH6944 assemblyH4744 and presentH7126 a food offeringH801 to the LORDH3068. ItH1931 is a solemn assemblyH6116; you must notH3808 doH6213 anyH3605 regular workH4399H5656.

37TheseH428 are the LORD’sH3068 appointed feastsH4150, whichH834 you are to proclaimH7121 as sacredH6944 assembliesH4744 for presentingH7126 food offeringsH801 to the LORDH3068—burnt offeringsH5930 and grain offeringsH4503, sacrificesH2077 and drink offeringsH5262, each onH1697 its designatedH3117 dayH3117. 38These offerings are in addition toH905 the offerings for the LORD’sH3068H905 SabbathsH7676, and in addition to your giftsH4979H905, to allH3605 your vow offeringsH5088H905, and to allH3605 the freewill offeringsH5071 you giveH5414 to the LORDH3068.

39

On the fifteenthH2568H6240 dayH3117 of the seventhH7637 monthH2320, after you have gatheredH622 the produceH8393 of the landH776, you are to celebrateH2287 a feastH2282 to the LORDH3068 for sevenH7651 daysH3117. There shall be complete restH7677 on the firstH7223 dayH3117 andH7677 also on the eighthH8066 dayH3117.

40On the firstH7223 dayH3117 you are to gatherH3947 the fruitH6529 of majesticH1926 treesH6086, the branchesH3709 of palm treesH8558, and the boughsH6057 of leafyH5687 treesH6086 and of willowsH61558 of the brookH5158. And you are to rejoiceH8055 beforeH6440 the LORDH3068 your GodH430 for sevenH7651 daysH3117. 41You are to celebrateH2287 thisH853 as a feastH2282 to the LORDH3068 for sevenH7651 daysH3117 each yearH8141. This is a permanentH5769 statuteH2708 for the generations to comeH1755; you are to celebrateH2287 itH853 in the seventhH7637 monthH2320.

42You are to dwellH3427 in boothsH55219 for sevenH7651 daysH3117. AllH3605 the native-bornH249 of IsraelH3478 must dwellH3427 in boothsH5521, 43so thatH4616 your descendantsH1755 may knowH3045 thatH3588 I made the IsraelitesH1121H3478 dwellH3427 in boothsH5521 when I brought them outH3318 of the landH776 of EgyptH4714. IH589 am the LORDH3068 your GodH430.’”

44So MosesH4872 announcedH1696 toH413 the IsraelitesH1121H3478 the appointedH4150 feasts of the LORDH3068.

Notes

  1. 1. Leviticus 23:5 Hebrew begins between the two evenings of the fourteenth ↩
  2. 2. Leviticus 23:6 That is, the seven-day period after the Passover during which no leaven may be eaten; see Exodus 12:14–20. ↩
  3. 3. Leviticus 23:13 Two-tenths of an ephah is approximately 4 dry quarts or 4.4 liters (probably about 5.1 pounds or 2.3 kilograms of flour); also in verse 17. ↩
  4. 4. Leviticus 23:13 A quarter hin is approximately 0.97 quarts or 0.92 liters of wine. ↩
  5. 5. Leviticus 23:24 Or a sacred assembly, a memorial of shouting ↩
  6. 6. Leviticus 23:27 Or afflict your souls or deny yourselves; also in verse 32 ↩
  7. 7. Leviticus 23:34 That is, Sukkot, the autumn feast of pilgrimage to Jerusalem; also translated as the Feast of Booths or the Feast of Shelters and originally called the Feast of Ingathering (see Exodus 23:16 and Exodus 34:22). ↩
  8. 8. Leviticus 23:40 Or poplars ↩
  9. 9. Leviticus 23:42 Or tabernacles or shelters; twice in this verse, and also in verse 43; see the footnote for verse 34. ↩

Commentaries on Leviticus 23

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