Revised Literal Translation

Exodus 8

1And YhwhH3068spakeH559unto MosesH4872,Goבֹּ֖אbo'H935unto Pharaohפַּרְעֹ֑הpar.'OhH6547,and sayH559unto him, Thus saithH559YhwhH3068,Let my peopleעַמִּ֖י'a.MiH5971goשַׁלַּ֥חsha.LachH7971,that they may serveוְיַֽעַבְדֻֽנִי׃ve.Ya.'av.Du.niH5647me.

2And if thou refuseמָאֵ֥ןma.'EnH3986to let themgoלְשַׁלֵּ֑חַle.sha.Le.achH7971,behold, I will smiteנֹגֵ֛ףno.GefH5062all thy bordersגְּבוּלְךָ֖ge.vu.le.KhaH1366with frogsH6854:

3And the riverהַיְאֹר֮hay.'OrH2975shall bring forthH8317frogsH6854abundantlyH8317,which shall go upH5927and comeוּבָ֣אוּu.Va.'uH935into thine houseבְּבֵיתֶ֔ךָbe.vei.Te.khaH1004,and into thy bedchamberוּבַחֲדַ֥ר מִשְׁכָּבְךָ֖u.va.cha.Dar mish.ka.ve.KhaH4904 H2315,and upon thy bedמִטָּתֶ֑ךָmi.ta.Te.khaH4296,and into the houseוּבְבֵ֤יתu.ve.VeitH1004of thy servantsעֲבָדֶ֙יךָ֙'a.va.Dei.khaH5650,and upon thy peopleוּבְעַמֶּ֔ךָu.ve.'a.Me.khaH5971,and into thine ovensוּבְתַנּוּרֶ֖יךָu.ve.ta.nu.Rei.khaH8574,and into thy kneadingtroughsוּבְמִשְׁאֲרוֹתֶֽיךָ׃u.ve.mish.'a.ro.Tei.khaH4863:

4And the frogsH6854shall come upיַעֲל֖וּya.'a.LuH5927both on thee, and upon thy peopleH5971,and upon all thy servantsעֲבָדֶ֑יךָ'a.va.Dei.khaH5650.

5And Yhwhיְהוָה֮Yah.wehH3068spakeH559unto MosesH4872,SayH559unto Aaronאַהֲרֹ֗ן'a.ha.RonH175,Stretch forthנְטֵ֤הne.TehH5186thine handיָדְךָ֙ya.de.KhaH3027with thy rodבְּמַטֶּ֔ךָbe.ma.Te.khaH4294over the streamsהַ֨נְּהָרֹ֔תha.ne.ha.RotH5104,over the riversH2975,and over the pondsהָאֲגַמִּ֑יםha.'a.ga.MimH98,and cause frogsH6854to come upוְהַ֥עַלve.Ha.'alH5927upon the landאֶ֥רֶץ'E.retzH776of Egyptמִצְרָֽיִם׃mitz.Ra.yimH4714.

6And Aaronאַהֲרֹן֙'a.ha.RonH175stretched outוַיֵּ֤טvai.YetH5186his handיָד֔וֹya.DoH3027over the watersמֵימֵ֣יmei.MeiH4325of Egyptמִצְרָ֑יִםmitz.Ra.yimH4714;and the frogsהַצְּפַרְדֵּ֔עַha.tze.far.De.a'H6854came upוַתַּ֙עַל֙va.Ta.'alH5927,and coveredוַתְּכַ֖סva.te.KhasH3680the landאֶ֥רֶץ'E.retzH776of Egyptמִצְרָֽיִם׃mitz.Ra.yimH4714.

7And the magiciansהַֽחֲרְטֻמִּ֖יםha.char.tu.MimH2748didוַיַּֽעֲשׂוּ־vai.ya.'a.su-H6213so with their enchantmentsבְּלָטֵיהֶ֑םbe.la.tei.HemH3909,and brought upוַיַּעֲל֥וּvai.ya.'a.LuH5927frogsH6854upon the landאֶ֥רֶץ'E.retzH776of Egyptמִצְרָֽיִם׃mitz.Ra.yimH4714.

8Then PharaohH6547calledוַיִּקְרָ֨אvai.yik.Ra'H7121for MosesH4872and AaronH175,and saidוַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙vai.Yo.merH559,Intreatהַעְתִּ֣ירוּha'.Ti.ruH6279YhwhH3068,that he may take awayוְיָסֵר֙ve.ya.SerH5493the frogsH6854from me, and from my peopleוּמֵֽעַמִּ֑יu.me.'a.MiH5971;and I will let the peopleהָעָ֔םha.'AmH5971goוַאֲשַׁלְּחָה֙va.'a.sha.le.ChahH7971,that they may do sacrificeוְיִזְבְּח֖וּve.yiz.be.ChuH2076unto YhwhH3068.

9And MosesH4872saidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559unto Pharaohלְפַרְעֹה֮le.far.'OhH6547,Gloryהִתְפָּאֵ֣רhit.pa.'ErH6286over me: whenלְמָתַ֣י׀le.ma.TaiH4970shall I intreatאַעְתִּ֣יר'a'.TirH6279for thee, and for thy servantsוְלַעֲבָדֶ֙יךָ֙ve.la.'a.va.Dei.khaH5650,and for thy peopleוּֽלְעַמְּךָ֔u.le.'a.me.KhaH5971,to destroyלְהַכְרִית֙le.hakh.RitH3772the frogsH6854from thee and thy housesH1004, thatthey may remainתִּשָּׁאַֽרְנָה׃ti.sha.'Ar.nahH7604in the riverבַּיְאֹ֖רbay.'OrH2975only?

10And he saidוַיֹּ֖אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559,To morrowלְמָחָ֑רle.ma.CharH4279.And he saidוַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙vai.Yo.merH559, Be itaccording to thy wordכִּדְבָ֣רְךָ֔kid.Va.re.khaH1697:that thou mayest knowתֵּדַ֔עte.Da'H3045that there isnone like unto Yhwhכַּיהוָ֥הka.Yah.wehH3068our Godאֱלֹהֵֽינוּ׃'e.lo.Hei.nuH430.

11And the frogsהַֽצְפַרְדְּעִ֗יםhatz.far.de.'ImH6854shall departוְסָר֣וּve.sa.RuH5493from thee, and from thy housesוּמִבָּ֣תֶּ֔יךָu.mib.Ba.Tei.khaH1004,and from thy servantsוּמֵעֲבָדֶ֖יךָu.me.'a.va.Dei.khaH5650,and from thy peopleוּמֵעַמֶּ֑ךָu.me.'a.Me.khaH5971;they shall remainתִּשָּׁאַֽרְנָה׃ti.sha.'Ar.nahH7604in the riverבַּיְאֹ֖רbay.'OrH2975only.

12And MosesH4872and AaronH175went outוַיֵּצֵ֥אvai.ye.Tze'H3318from Pharaohפַּרְעֹ֑הpar.'OhH6547:and MosesH4872criedוַיִּצְעַ֤קvai.yitz.'AkH6817unto YhwhH3068because ofדְּבַ֥רde.VarH1697the frogsהַֽצְפַרְדְּעִ֖יםhatz.far.de.'ImH6854which he had broughtשָׂ֥םsamH7760against Pharaohלְפַרְעֹֽה׃le.far.'OhH6547.

13And Yhwhיְהוָ֖הYah.wehH3068didH6213according to the wordכִּדְבַ֣רkid.VarH1697of Mosesמֹשֶׁ֑הmo.ShehH4872;and the frogsהַֽצְפַרְדְּעִ֔יםhatz.far.de.'ImH6854diedוַיָּמֻ֙תוּ֙vai.ya.Mu.tuH4191out of the housesהַבָּתִּ֥יםha.ba.TimH1004,out of the villagesהַחֲצֵרֹ֖תha.cha.tze.RotH2691,and out of the fieldsהַשָּׂדֹֽת׃ha.sa.DotH7704.

14And they gathered them togetherוַיִּצְבְּר֥וּvai.yitz.be.RuH6651upon heapsH2563:and the landהָאָֽרֶץ׃ha.'A.retzH776stankוַתִּבְאַ֖שׁva.tiv.'AshH887.

15But when PharaohH6547sawוַיַּ֣רְאvai.Yar'H7200that there was respiteהָֽרְוָחָ֔הha.re.va.ChahH7309,he hardenedוְהַכְבֵּד֙ve.hakh.BedH3513his heartH3820,and hearkenedH8085not unto them; as YhwhH3068had saidH1696.

16And YhwhH3068saidH559unto MosesH4872,SayH559unto Aaronאַהֲרֹ֔ן'a.ha.RonH175,Stretch outנְטֵ֣הne.TehH5186thy rodמַטְּךָ֔ma.te.KhaH4294,and smiteוְהַ֖ךְve.HakhH5221the dustעֲפַ֣ר'a.FarH6083of the landהָאָ֑רֶץha.'A.retzH776,that it may become liceלְכִנִּ֖םle.khi.NimH3654throughout all the landאֶ֥רֶץ'E.retzH776of Egyptמִצְרָֽיִם׃mitz.Ra.yimH4714.

17And they didוַיַּֽעֲשׂוּ־vai.ya.'a.su-H6213so; for Aaronאַהֲרֹ֨ן'a.ha.RonH175stretched outוַיֵּט֩vai.YetH5186his handיָד֤וֹya.DoH3027with his rodבְמַטֵּ֙הוּ֙ve.ma.Te.huH4294,and smoteוַיַּךְ֙vai.yaKhH5221the dustעֲפַ֣ר'a.FarH6083of the earthהָאָ֔רֶץha.'A.retzH776,and it became liceהַכִּנָּ֔םha.ki.NamH3654in manבָּאָדָ֖םba.'a.DamH120,and in beastוּבַבְּהֵמָ֑הu.va.be.he.MahH929;all the dustעֲפַ֥ר'a.FarH6083of the landהָאָ֛רֶץha.'A.retzH776became liceכִנִּ֖יםkhi.NimH3654throughout all the landאֶ֥רֶץ'E.retzH776of Egyptמִצְרָֽיִם׃mitz.Ra.yimH4714.

18And the magiciansהַחַרְטֻמִּ֧יםha.char.tu.MimH2748didוַיַּעֲשׂוּ־vai.ya.'a.su-H6213so with their enchantmentsבְּלָטֵיהֶ֛םbe.la.tei.HemH3909to bring forthלְהוֹצִ֥יאle.ho.Tzi'H3318liceהַכִּנִּ֖יםha.ki.NimH3654,but they couldיָכֹ֑לוּya.Kho.luH3201not: so there were liceהַכִּנָּ֔םha.ki.NamH3654upon manבָּאָדָ֖םba.'a.DamH120,and upon beastוּבַבְּהֵמָֽה׃u.va.be.he.MahH929.

19Then the magiciansהַֽחַרְטֻמִּים֙ha.char.tu.MimH2748saidוַיֹּאמְר֤וּvai.yo.me.RuH559unto Pharaohפַּרְעֹ֔הpar.'OhH6547, This isthe fingerאֶצְבַּ֥ע'etz.Ba'H676of Godאֱלֹהִ֖ים'E.lo.HimH430:and Pharaoh’sפַּרְעֹה֙par.'OhH6547heartלֵב־lev-H3820was hardenedוַיֶּחֱזַ֤קvai.ye.che.ZakH2388,and he hearkenedשָׁמַ֣עsha.Ma'H8085not unto them; as Yhwhיְהוָֽה׃ סYah.wehH3068had saidדִּבֶּ֥רdi.BerH1696.

20And YhwhH3068saidוַיֹּ֨אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559unto Mosesמֹשֶׁ֗הmo.ShehH4872,Rise up earlyהַשְׁכֵּ֤םhash.KemH7925in the morningבַּבֹּ֙קֶר֙ba.Bo.kerH1242,and standוְהִתְיַצֵּב֙ve.hit.ya.TzevH3320beforeH6440PharaohH6547;lo, he cometh forthיוֹצֵ֣אyo.Tze'H3318to the waterהַמָּ֑יְמָהha.Ma.ye.mahH4325;and sayוְאָמַרְתָּ֣ve.'a.mar.TaH559unto him, Thus saithאָמַ֣ר'a.MarH559YhwhH3068,Let my peopleעַמִּ֖י'a.MiH5971goשַׁלַּ֥חsha.LachH7971,that they may serveוְיַֽעַבְדֻֽנִי׃ve.Ya.'av.Du.niH5647me.

21Else, if thou wilt not let my peopleעַמִּי֒'a.MiH5971goמְשַׁלֵּ֣חַme.sha.Le.achH7971,behold, I will sendמַשְׁלִ֨יחַmash.Li.achH7971swarmsהֶעָרֹ֑בhe.'a.RoH6157of fliesupon thee, and upon thy servantsוּבַעֲבָדֶ֧יךָu.va.'a.va.Dei.khaH5650,and upon thy peopleוּֽבְעַמְּךָ֛u.ve.'a.me.KhaH5971,and into thy housesוּבְבָתֶּ֖יךָu.ve.va.Tei.khaH1004:and the housesבָּתֵּ֤יba.TeiH1004of the EgyptiansH4714shall be fullוּמָ֨לְא֜וּu.Mal.'UH4390of swarmsהֶ֣עָרֹ֔בhe.'a.RoH6157of flies,and also the groundהָאֲדָמָ֖הha.'a.da.MahH127whereon they are.

22And I will severוְהִפְלֵיתִי֩ve.hif.lei.TiH6395in that dayבַיּ֨וֹםvai.YomH3117the landאֶ֣רֶץ'E.retzH776of Goshenגֹּ֗שֶׁןGo.shenH1657,in which my peopleעַמִּי֙'a.MiH5971dwellעֹמֵ֣ד'o.MedH5975,that noלְבִלְתִּ֥יle.vil.TiH1115swarmsעָרֹ֑בa.RoH6157of fliesshall beהֱיֽוֹת־he.yot-H1961there; to the endלְמַ֣עַןle.Ma.'anH4616thou mayest knowתֵּדַ֔עte.Da'H3045that I amYhwhH3068in the midstבְּקֶ֥רֶבbe.Ke.revH7130of the earthהָאָֽרֶץ׃ha.'A.retzH776.

23And I will putוְשַׂמְתִּ֣יve.sam.TiH7760a divisionפְדֻ֔תfe.DutH6304between my peopleעַמִּ֖י'a.MiH5971and thy peopleעַמֶּ֑ךָ'a.Me.khaH5971:to morrowלְמָחָ֥רle.ma.CharH4279shall this signהָאֹ֥תha.'OtH226be.

24And YhwhH3068didוַיַּ֤עַשׂvai.Ya.'asH6213so; and there cameוַיָּבֹא֙vai.ya.Vo'H935a grievousכָּבֵ֔דka.VedH3515swarmעָרֹ֣בa.RoH6157of fliesinto the houseבֵּ֥יתָהBei.tahH1004of PharaohH6547, and intohis servants’עֲבָדָ֑יו'a.va.DavH5650housesוּבֵ֣יתu.VeitH1004,and into all the landאֶ֧רֶץ'E.retzH776of Egyptמִצְרַ֛יִםmitz.Ra.yimH4714:the landהָאָ֖רֶץha.'A.retzH776was corruptedתִּשָּׁחֵ֥תti.sha.ChetH7843by reasonמִפְּנֵ֥יmi.pe.NeiH6440of the swarmהֶעָרֹֽב׃he.'a.RoH6157of flies.

25And PharaohH6547calledוַיִּקְרָ֣אvai.yik.Ra'H7121forH413MosesH4872and for Aaronוּֽלְאַהֲרֹ֑ןu.le.'a.ha.RonH175,and saidH559,GoH3212ye, sacrificeH2076to your Godלֵֽאלֹהֵיכֶ֖םle.lo.hei.KhemH430in the landבָּאָֽרֶץ׃ba.'A.retzH776.

26And MosesH4872saidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559,It is not meetנָכוֹן֙na.khOnH3559so to doלַעֲשׂ֣וֹתla.'a.SotH6213;forהֵ֣ןhenH2005we shall sacrificeנִזְבַּ֖חniz.BachH2076the abominationתּוֹעֲבַ֣תto.'a.VatH8441of the Egyptiansמִצְרַ֔יִםmitz.Ra.yimH4714to YhwhH3068our Godאֱלֹהֵ֑ינוּ'e.lo.Hei.nuH430:lo, shall we sacrificeנִזְבַּ֞חniz.BachH2076the abominationתּוֹעֲבַ֥תto.'a.VatH8441of the Egyptiansמִצְרַ֛יִםmitz.Ra.yimH4714before their eyesלְעֵינֵיהֶ֖םle.'ei.nei.HemH5869,and will they not stoneיִסְקְלֻֽנוּ׃yis.ke.Lu.nuH5619us?

27We will goH3212threeשְׁלֹ֣שֶׁתshe.Lo.shetH7969days’יָמִ֔יםya.MimH3117journeyדֶּ֚רֶךְDe.rekhH1870into the wildernessבַּמִּדְבָּ֑רba.mid.BarH4057,and sacrificeוְזָבַ֙חְנוּ֙ve.za.Vach.nuH2076to YhwhH3068our Godאֱלֹהֵ֔ינוּ'e.lo.Hei.nuH430,as he shall commandיֹאמַ֥רyo.MarH559us.

28And PharaohH6547saidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559,I will let you goH7971,that ye may sacrificeוּזְבַחְתֶּ֞םu.ze.vach.TemH2076to Yhwhלַיהוָ֤הla.Yah.wehH3068your Godאֱלֹֽהֵיכֶם֙'e.lo.hei.KhemH430in the wildernessבַּמִּדְבָּ֔רba.mid.BarH4057;only ye shall not goH3212veryהַרְחֵ֥קhar.ChekH7368far awayתַרְחִ֖יקוּtar.Chi.kuH7368:intreatהַעְתִּ֖ירוּha'.Ti.ruH6279for meבַּעֲדִֽי׃ba.'a.DiH1157.

29And Mosesמֹשֶׁ֗הmo.ShehH4872saidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559,Behold, I go outיוֹצֵ֤אyo.Tze'H3318from thee, and I will intreatוְהַעְתַּרְתִּ֣יve.ha'.tar.TiH6279Yhwhיְהוָ֔הYah.wehH3068that the swarmsהֶעָרֹ֗בhe.'a.RoH6157of fliesmay departוְסָ֣רve.SarH5493from Pharaohמִפַּרְעֹ֛הmi.par.'OhH6547,from his servantsמֵעֲבָדָ֥יוme.'a.va.DavH5650,and from his peopleוּמֵעַמּ֖וֹu.me.'a.MoH5971,to morrowמָחָ֑רma.CharH4279:butרַ֗קRakH7535let not Pharaohפַּרְעֹה֙par.'OhH6547deal deceitfullyהָתֵ֔לha.TelH2048any moreיֹסֵ֤ףyo.SefH3254in notלְבִלְתִּי֙le.vil.TiH1115letting the peopleהָעָ֔םha.'AmH5971goשַׁלַּ֣חsha.LachH7971to sacrificeלִזְבֹּ֖חַliz.Bo.achH2076to Yhwhלַֽיהוָֽה׃la.Yah.wehH3068.

30And Mosesמֹשֶׁ֖הmo.ShehH4872went outוַיֵּצֵ֥אvai.ye.Tze'H3318from Pharaohפַּרְעֹ֑הpar.'OhH6547,and intreatedוַיֶּעְתַּ֖רvai.ye'.TarH6279Yhwhיְהוָֽה׃Yah.wehH3068.

31And Yhwhיְהוָה֙Yah.wehH3068didוַיַּ֤עַשׂvai.Ya.'asH6213according to the wordכִּדְבַ֣רkid.VarH1697of Mosesמֹשֶׁ֔הmo.ShehH4872;and he removedוַיָּ֙סַר֙vai.Ya.sarH5493the swarmsהֶעָרֹ֔בhe.'a.RoH6157of fliesfrom Pharaohמִפַּרְעֹ֖הmi.par.'OhH6547,from his servantsמֵעֲבָדָ֣יוme.'a.va.DavH5650,and from his peopleוּמֵעַמּ֑וֹu.me.'a.MoH5971;there remainedנִשְׁאַ֖רnish.'ArH7604not oneאֶחָֽד׃'e.ChadH259.

32And Pharaohפַּרְעֹה֙par.'OhH6547hardenedוַיַּכְבֵּ֤דvai.yakh.BedH3513his heartלִבּ֔וֹli.BoH3820at this timeבַּפַּ֣עַםba.Pa.'amH6471also, neither would he let the peopleהָעָֽם׃ פha.'AmH5971goשִׁלַּ֖חshi.LachH7971.

Commentaries on Exodus 8