New American Standard Bible 2020
2 Chronicles 18
Jehoshaphat Allies with Ahab
2Some yearsשָׁנִ֤יםsha.NimH8141laterלְקֵ֨ץle.KetzH7093he wentH3381downוַיֵּרֶד֩vai.ye.RedH3381to visitAhabאַחְאָב֙'ach.'AvH256at Samariaלְשֹׁ֣מְר֔וֹןle.Sho.me.RonH8111,and Ahabאַחְאָ֜ב'ach.'AvH256slaughteredוַיִּֽזְבַּֽח־vai.yiz.bach-H2076manyלָרֹ֔בla.RoH7230sheepצֹ֤אןtzonH6629and oxenוּבָקָר֙u.va.KarH1241for him and the peopleוְלָעָ֖םve.la.'AmH5971whoאֲשֶׁ֣ר'a.SherH834were with him. And he incitedוַיְסִיתֵ֕הוּvay.si.Te.huH5496him to goלַעֲל֖וֹתla.'a.LotH5927upH5927againstH413Ramoth-gileadH7433.
3Ahabאַחְאָ֣ב'ach.'AvH256kingמֶֽלֶךְ־Me.lekh-H4428of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֗לYis.ra.'ElH3478saidוַיֹּ֜אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559to Jehoshaphatיְהֽוֹשָׁפָט֙ye.ho.sha.FatH3092kingמֶ֣לֶךְMe.lekhH4428of Judahיְהוּדָ֔הye.hu.DahH3063, “Will you goהֲתֵלֵ֥ךְha.te.LekhH1980with me againstRamoth-gileadH7433?”And he saidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559to him, “I am as you are, and my peopleוּכְעַמְּךָ֣u.khe.'a.me.KhaH5971as your peopleעַמִּ֔י'a.MiH5971, and we will bewith you in the battleבַּמִּלְחָמָֽה׃ba.mil.cha.MahH4421.”
5So the kingמֶֽלֶךְ־Me.lekh-H4428of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֥לYis.ra.'ElH3478assembledוַיִּקְבֹּ֨ץvai.yik.BotzH6908theprophetsהַנְּבִאִים֮ha.ne.vi.'ImH5030,fourאַרְבַּ֣ע'ar.Ba'H702hundredמֵא֣וֹתme.'otH3967menאִישׁ֒'ishH376,and saidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559to them, “Should we goהֲנֵלֵ֞ךְha.ne.LekhH1980to battleלַמִּלְחָמָ֖הla.mil.cha.MahH4421againstH413Ramoth-gileadH7433,orאִם־'im-H518should I refrainאֶחְדָּ֑ל'ech.DalH2308?”And they saidוַיֹּאמְר֣וּvai.yo.me.RuH559, “Goעֲלֵ֔ה'a.LehH5927upH5927,for Godהָאֱלֹהִ֖יםha.'E.lo.HimH430will handבְּיַ֥דbe.YadH5414H3027itoverH5414to the kingהַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ha.Me.lekhH4428.”
7And the kingמֶֽלֶךְ־Me.lekh-H4428of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל׀Yis.ra.'ElH3478saidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559to Jehoshaphatיְהוֹשָׁפָ֡טye.ho.sha.FatH3092, “There is stillע֣וֹדodH5750oneאֶחָ֡ד'e.ChadH259manאִישׁ־'ish-H376by whom we may inquireלִדְרוֹשׁ֩lid.ro.VoshH1875of the Lordיְהוָ֨הYah.wehH3068,but I hateשְׂנֵאתִ֗יהוּse.ne.Ti.huH8130him, for he neverאֵ֠ינֶנּוּ'Ei.ne.nuH369prophesiesמִתְנַבֵּ֨אmit.na.Be'H5012anythinggoodH2899regardingעָלַ֤י'a.LaiH5921me, but alwaysכָל־ יָמָ֣יוkhol- ya.MavH3605H3117badH7463.He is Micaiahמִיכָ֣יְהוּmi.Kha.ye.huH4321the sonבֶן־ven-H1121of Imlahיִמְלָ֑אyim.La'H3229.”But Jehoshaphatיְה֣וֹשָׁפָ֔טye.Ho.o.sha.FatH3092saidוַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙vai.Yo.merH559, “May the kingהַמֶּ֖לֶךְha.Me.lekhH4428not sayיֹאמַ֥רyo.MarH559soכֵּֽן׃KenH3651.”
Ahab’s False Prophets Assure Victory
9Now the kingוּמֶ֣לֶךְu.Me.lekhH4428of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֡לYis.ra.'ElH3478and Jehoshaphatוִֽיהוֹשָׁפָ֣טvi.ho.sha.FatH3092the kingמֶֽלֶךְ־Me.lekh-H4428of Judahיְהוּדָ֡הye.hu.DahH3063were sittingיוֹשְׁבִים֩yo.she.VimH3427,eachאִ֨ישׁ'ishH376on his throneכִּסְא֜וֹkis.'OH3678,dressedמְלֻבָּשִׁ֤יםme.lu.ba.ShimH3847in theirrobesבְּגָדִים֙be.ga.DimH899, and theywere sittingוְיֹשְׁבִ֣יםve.yo.she.VimH3427at the threshingבְּגֹ֔רֶןbe.Go.renH1637floorH1637at the entranceפֶּ֖תַחPe.tachH6607of the gateשַׁ֣עַרSha.'arH8179of Samariaשֹׁמְר֑וֹןsho.me.RonH8111;and allוְכָל־ve.kholH3605the prophetsהַ֨נְּבִיאִ֔יםha.ne.vi.'ImH5030were prophesyingמִֽתְנַבְּאִ֖יםmit.na.be.'ImH5012beforeלִפְנֵיהֶֽם׃lif.nei.HemH6440them.
10Then Zedekiahצִדְקִיָּ֥הוּtzid.ki.Ya.huH6667the sonבֶֽן־ven-H1121of Chenaanahכְּנַעֲנָ֖הke.na.'a.NahH3668madeוַיַּ֥עַשׂvai.Ya.'asH6213hornsקַרְנֵ֣יkar.NeiH7161of ironבַרְזֶ֑לvar.ZelH1270for himself and saidוַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙vai.Yo.merH559, “ThisH3541isH3541whatH3541the Lordיְהוָ֔הYah.wehH3068saysאָמַ֣ר'a.MarH559: ‘With theseבְּאֵ֛לֶּהbe.'E.lehH428you will goreתְּנַגַּ֥חte.na.GachH5055the Arameansאֲרָ֖ם'a.RamH758untilעַד־'ad-H5704they are destroyedכַּלּוֹתָֽם׃ka.lo.TamH3615!’”
11Allוְכָל־ve.kholH3605the prophetsהַ֨נְּבִאִ֔יםha.ne.vi.'ImH5030were prophesyingנִבְּאִ֥יםni.be.'ImH5012thisכֵּ֖ןkenH3651as well, sayingלֵאמֹ֑רle.MorH559, “Goעֲלֵ֞ה'a.LehH5927upH5927to Ramoth-gileadH7433and beH6743successfulH6743,for the Lordיְהוָ֖הYah.wehH3068will handבְּיַ֥דbe.YadH5414H3027itoverH5414to the kingהַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ha.Me.lekhH4428.”
Micaiah Brings Word from God
12Then the messengerוְהַמַּלְאָ֞ךְve.ha.mal.'AkhH4397whoאֲשֶׁר־'a.Sher-H834wentהָלַ֣ךְ׀ha.LakhH1980to summonלִקְרֹ֣אlik.Ro'H7121Micaiahלְמִיכָ֗יְהוּle.mi.Kha.ye.huH4321spokeדִּבֶּ֤רdi.BerH1696to him sayingלֵאמֹ֔רle.MorH559, “Beholdהִנֵּ֞הhi.NehH2009,the wordsדִּבְרֵ֧יdiv.ReiH1697of the prophetsהַנְּבִאִ֛יםha.ne.vi.'ImH5030areunanimouslyפֶּֽה־ אֶחָ֥דpeh- 'e.ChadH259H6310favorableט֖וֹבTovH2896to the kingהַמֶּ֑לֶךְha.Me.lekhH4428.So pleaseנָ֧אna'H4994let your wordדְבָרְךָ֛de.va.re.KhaH1697be like oneכְּאַחַ֥דke.'a.ChadH259of them, and speakוְדִבַּ֥רְתָּve.di.Bar.taH1696favorablyטּֽוֹב׃TovH2896.”
14When he cameוַיָּבֹא֮vai.ya.Vo'H935to the kingהַמֶּלֶךְ֒ha.me.leKhH4428,the kingהַמֶּ֜לֶךְha.Me.lekhH4428saidוַיֹּ֨אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559to him, “Micaiahמִיכָה֙mi.KhahH4318,should we goהֲנֵלֵ֞ךְha.ne.LekhH1980to battleלַמִּלְחָמָ֖הla.mil.cha.MahH4421againstH413Ramoth-gileadH7433,orאִם־'im-H518should I refrainאֶחְדָּ֑ל'ech.DalH2308?”He saidוַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙vai.Yo.merH559, “Goעֲל֣וּ'a.LuH5927upH5927and succeedוְהַצְלִ֔יחוּve.hatz.Li.chuH6743,for they will be handedבְּיֶדְכֶֽם׃be.yed.KhemH5414H3027overH5414to you!”
15Then the kingהַמֶּ֔לֶךְha.Me.lekhH4428saidוַיֹּ֤אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559to him, “HowH5704H4100manyH5704H4100timesפְעָמִ֖יםfe.'a.MimH6471must I makeמַשְׁבִּיעֶ֑ךָmash.bi.'E.khaH7650you swearH7650that you will tellתְדַבֵּ֥רte.da.BerH1696me nothingלֹֽא־lo'-H3808but the truthאֱמֶ֖ת'e.MetH571in the nameבְּשֵׁ֥םbe.ShemH8034of the Lordיְהוָֽה׃Yah.wehH3068?”
16So he saidוַיֹּ֗אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559, “I sawרָאִ֤יתִיra.'I.tiH7200allכָּל־kol-H3605Israelיִשְׂרָאֵל֙Yis.ra.'ElH3478Scatteredנְפוֹצִ֣יםne.fo.TzimH6327on the mountainsהֶֽהָרִ֔יםhe.ha.RimH2022,Like sheepכַּצֹּ֕אןka.TzonH6629that haveH369noH369shepherdרֹעֶ֑הro.'EhH7462.And the Lordיְהוָה֙Yah.wehH3068saidוַיֹּ֤אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559, ‘Theseלָאֵ֔לֶּהla.'E.lehH428peoplehave noלֹֽא־lo'-H3808masterאֲדֹנִ֣ים'a.do.NimH113.Eachאִישׁ־'ish-H376of them is to returnיָשׁ֥וּבוּya.Shu.vuH7725to his houseלְבֵית֖וֹle.vei.ToH1004in peaceבְּשָׁלֽוֹם׃be.sha.LomH7965.’”
17Then the kingמֶֽלֶךְ־Me.lekh-H4428of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֖לYis.ra.'ElH3478saidוַיֹּ֥אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559to Jehoshaphatיְהוֹשָׁפָ֑טye.ho.sha.FatH3092, “Did I not tellאָמַ֣רְתִּי'a.Mar.tiH559you that he would not prophesyיִתְנַבֵּ֥אyit.na.Be'H5012anythinggoodט֖וֹבTovH2896regardingעָלַ֛י'a.LaiH5921me, but onlybadH7463?”
18And Micaiahsaidוַיֹּ֕אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559, “Thereforeלָכֵ֖ןla.KhenH3651,hearשִׁמְע֣וּshim.'UH8085the wordדְבַר־de.var-H1697of the Lordיְהוָ֑הYah.wehH3068.I sawרָאִ֤יתִיra.'I.tiH7200the Lordיְהוָה֙Yah.wehH3068sittingיוֹשֵׁ֣בyo.ShevH3427on His throneכִּסְא֔וֹkis.'OH3678,and allוְכָל־ve.kholH3605theangelsצְבָ֤אtze.Va'H6635of heavenהַשָּׁמַ֙יִם֙ha.sha.Ma.yimH8064standingעֹֽמְדִ֔ים'o.me.DimH5975on His rightיְמִינ֖וֹye.mi.NoH3225and on His leftוּשְׂמֹאלֽוֹ׃u.se.mo.LoH8040.
19And the Lordיְהוָ֗הYah.wehH3068saidH559, ‘Whoמִ֤יmiH4310willenticeיְפַתֶּה֙ye.fa.TehH6601Ahabאַחְאָ֣ב'ach.'AvH256kingמֶֽלֶךְ־Me.lekh-H4428of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לYis.ra.'ElH3478to goוְיַ֕עַלve.Ya.'alH5927upH5927and fallוְיִפֹּ֖לve.yi.PolH5307at Ramoth-gileadH7433?’And oneזֶ֚הzehH2088spiritsaidH559thisH3602,while anotherוְזֶ֖הve.ZehH2088saidH559that.
20Then aspiritהָר֗וּחַha.Ru.achH7307cameH3318forwardH3318and stoodוַֽיַּעֲמֹד֙vai.ya.'a.ModH5975beforeלִפְנֵ֣יlif.NeiH6440the Lordיְהוָ֔הYah.wehH3068and saidוַיֹּ֖אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559, ‘I willenticeאֲפַתֶּ֑נּוּ'a.fat.Te.nuH6601him.’ And the Lordיְהוָ֛הYah.wehH3068saidוַיֹּ֧אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559to him, ‘Howבַּמָּֽה׃ba.MahH4100?’
21He saidוַיֹּ֗אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559, ‘I will goאֵצֵא֙'e.Tze'H3318outH3318and bea deceivingשֶׁ֔קֶרShe.kerH8267spiritלְר֣וּחַle.Ru.achH7307in the mouthsבְּפִ֖יbe.FiH6310of allכָּל־kol-H3605his prophetsנְבִיאָ֑יוne.vi.'AvH5030.’Then He saidוַיֹּ֗אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559, ‘You shallenticeתְּפַתֶּה֙te.fa.TehH6601him,and you will alsoוְגַם־ve.gam-H1571prevailתּוּכָ֔לtu.KhalH3201.Goצֵ֖אtze'H3318outH3318and doוַעֲשֵׂה־va.'a.seh-H6213soכֵֽן׃KhenH3651.’
22Nowוְעַתָּ֗הve.'a.TahH6258thereforeH6258,beholdהִנֵּ֨הhi.NehH2009,the Lordיְהוָה֙Yah.wehH3068has putנָתַ֤ןna.TanH5414a deceivingשֶׁ֔קֶרShe.kerH8267spiritר֣וּחַRu.achH7307in the mouthsבְּפִ֖יbe.FiH6310of theseאֵ֑לֶּה'E.lehH428prophetsנְבִיאֶ֣יךָne.vi.'Ei.khaH5030of yours, for the Lordוַֽיהוָ֔הva.Yah.wehH3068has declaredדִּבֶּ֥רdi.BerH1696disasterH7463againstעָלֶ֖יךָ'a.Lei.khaH5921you.”
23Then Zedekiahצִדְקִיָּ֣הוּtzid.ki.Ya.huH6667the sonבֶֽן־ven-H1121of Chenaanahכְּנַעֲנָ֔הke.na.'a.NahH3668approachedוַיִּגַּשׁ֙vai.yi.GashH5066andstruckוַיַּ֥ךְvai.YakhH5221Micaiahמִיכָ֖יְהוּmi.Kha.ye.huH4321on the cheekהַלֶּ֑חִיha.Le.chiH3895;and he saidוַיֹּ֗אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559, “Howאֵ֣י זֶ֤ה'ei zehH335H2088did the Spiritרֽוּחַ־Ru.ach-H7307of the Lordיְהוָ֛הYah.wehH3068passעָבַ֧ר'a.VarH5674from me to speakלְדַבֵּ֥רle.da.BerH1696to you?”
25Then the kingמֶ֣לֶךְMe.lekhH4428of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לYis.ra.'ElH3478saidוַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙vai.Yo.merH559, “Takeקְחוּ֙ke.ChuH3947Micaiahמִיכָ֔יְהוּmi.Kha.ye.huH4321and returnוַהֲשִׁיבֻ֖הוּva.ha.shi.Vu.huH7725him to Amonאָמ֣וֹן'a.MonH526the governorשַׂר־sar-H8269of the cityהָעִ֑ירha.'IrH5892,and to JoashH3060the king’sהַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ha.Me.lekhH4428sonבֶּן־ben-H1121;
26and sayוַאֲמַרְתֶּ֗םva.'a.mar.TemH559, ‘ThisH3541isH3541whatH3541the kingהַמֶּ֔לֶךְha.Me.lekhH4428saysאָמַ֣ר'a.MarH559: “Putשִׂ֥ימוּSi.muH7760thisזֶ֖הzehH2088manin prisonבֵּ֣ית הַכֶּ֑לֶאbeit ha.Ke.le'H1004H3608,and feedוְהַאֲכִלֻ֜הוּve.ha.'a.khi.Lu.huH398him enoughH3906breadלֶ֤חֶםLe.chemH3899and waterוּמַ֣יִםu.Ma.yimH4325toH3906surviveH3906untilעַ֖ד'adH5704Ireturnשׁוּבִ֥יshu.ViH7725safelyבְשָׁלֽוֹם׃ve.sha.LomH7965.”’”
27But Micaiahמִיכָ֔יְהוּmi.Kha.ye.huH4321saidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559, “Ifאִם־'im-H518you actuallyשׁ֤וֹבShovH7725returnתָּשׁוּב֙ta.ShuvH7725safelyבְּשָׁל֔וֹםbe.sha.LomH7965,the Lordיְהוָ֖הYah.wehH3068has not spokenדִבֶּ֥רdi.BerH1696by me.” And he saidוַיֹּ֕אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559, “Listenשִׁמְע֖וּshim.'UH8085,allכֻּלָּֽם׃ פku.LamH3605you peopleעַמִּ֥ים'a.MimH5971!”
Ahab’s Defeat and Death
29And the kingמֶ֨לֶךְMe.lekhH4428of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֜לYis.ra.'ElH3478saidוַיֹּאמֶר֩vai.yo.MerH559to Jehoshaphatיְהוֹשָׁפָ֗טye.ho.sha.FatH3092, “I will disguiseהִתְחַפֵּשׂ֙hit.cha.PesH2664myself and goוָב֣וֹאva.Vo'H935into battleבַמִּלְחָמָ֔הva.mil.cha.MahH4421,but you putH3847onH3847your robesבְּגָדֶ֑יךָbe.ga.Dei.khaH899.”So the kingמֶ֣לֶךְMe.lekhH4428of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לYis.ra.'ElH3478disguisedוַיִּתְחַפֵּשׂ֙vai.yit.cha.PesH2664himself, and they wentוַיָּבֹ֖אוּvai.ya.Vo.'uH935into battleבַּמִּלְחָמָֽה׃ba.mil.cha.MahH4421.
30Now the kingוּמֶ֣לֶךְu.Me.lekhH4428of Aramאֲרָ֡ם'a.RamH758had commandedצִוָּה֩tzi.VahH6680the commandersשָׂרֵ֨יsa.ReiH8269of his chariotsהָרֶ֤כֶבha.Re.khevH7393,sayingלֵאמֹ֔רle.MorH559, “Do not fightתִּלָּ֣חֲמ֔וּti.La.cha.MuH3898with the smallהַקָּטֹ֖ןha.ka.TonH6996orgreatהַגָּד֑וֹלha.ga.DolH1419,but onlyלְבַדּֽוֹ׃le.va.DoH905with the kingמֶ֥לֶךְMe.lekhH4428of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֖לYis.ra.'ElH3478.”
31So when the commandersשָׂרֵ֨יsa.ReiH8269of the chariotsהָרֶ֜כֶבha.Re.khevH7393sawכִּרְאוֹת֩kir.'OtH7200Jehoshaphatיְהוֹשָׁפָ֗טye.ho.sha.FatH3092,they saidאָֽמְרוּ֙'a.me.RuH559, “He is the kingמֶ֣לֶךְMe.lekhH4428of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֣לYis.ra.'ElH3478!”And they turnedH5437asideH5437to fightלְהִלָּחֵ֑םle.hi.la.ChemH3898againstעָלָ֖יו'a.LavH5921him. But Jehoshaphatיְהֽוֹשָׁפָט֙ye.ho.sha.FatH3092criedH2199outH2199,and the Lordוַֽיהוָ֣הva.Yah.wehH3068helpedעֲזָר֔וֹa.za.RoH5826him, and Godאֱלֹהִ֖ים'E.lo.HimH430divertedוַיְסִיתֵ֥םvay.si.TemH5496them from him.
33Now one manוְאִ֗ישׁve.'IshH376drewמָשַׁ֤ךְma.ShakhH4900his bowבַּקֶּ֙שֶׁת֙ba.Ke.shetH7198at randomלְתֻמּ֔וֹle.tu.MoH8537and struckוַיַּךְ֙vai.yaKhH5221the kingמֶ֣לֶךְMe.lekhH4428of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לYis.ra.'ElH3478in a jointהַדְּבָקִ֖יםha.de.va.KimH1694of the armorהַשִּׁרְיָ֑ןha.shir.YanH8302.So he saidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559to the driverH7395ofH7395his chariotH7395, “Turnהֲפֹ֧ךְha.FokhH2015aroundיָדְךָ֛ya.dei.khaH3027and takeH3318me outH3318of the battleהַֽמַּחֲנֶ֖הha.ma.cha.NehH4264,for I amH2470severelyH2470woundedהָחֳלֵֽיתִי׃ho.cho.Lei.tiH2470.”
34The battleהַמִּלְחָמָה֙ha.mil.cha.MahH4421ragedוַתַּ֤עַלva.Ta.'alH5927on that dayבַּיּ֣וֹםbai.YomH3117,and the kingוּמֶ֣לֶךְu.Me.lekhH4428of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֗לYis.ra.'ElH3478proppedH5975himself upH5975in his chariotבַּמֶּרְכָּבָ֛הba.mer.ka.VahH4818in frontנֹ֥כַחNo.khachH5227of the Arameansאֲרָ֖ם'a.RamH758untilעַד־'ad-H5704the eveningהָעָ֑רֶבha.'A.revH6153;and at sunsetבּ֥וֹא הַשָּֽׁמֶשׁ׃Bo' ha.Sha.meshH8121H935he diedוַיָּ֕מָתvai.Ya.motH4191.
Commentaries on 2 Chronicles 18
- Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
- Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
- Matthew Henry Concise Commentary
- Tyndale Open Study Notes
- Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary
- Rashi on Tanakh
- Keil & Delitzsch Commentary
- John Wesley’s Notes
- Darby Translation Notes
- Geneva Bible Translation Notes
- Kingcomments
- Matthew Henry’s Complete Commentary
- Matthew Henry’s Modern English Commentary
- Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary
- EGW Writings
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Commentaries