Revised Literal Translation

Ezekiel 31

1And it came to pass in the eleventhבְּאַחַ֤ת עֶשְׂרֵה֙be.'a.Chat 'es.RehH6240 H259yearשָׁנָ֔הsha.NahH8141,in the thirdבַּשְּׁלִישִׁ֖יba.she.li.ShiH7992month,in the firstבְּאֶחָ֣דbe.'e.ChadH259dayof the monthלַחֹ֑דֶשׁla.Cho.deshH2320, thatthe wordדְבַר־de.var-H1697of Yhwhיְהוָ֖הYah.wehH3068came unto me, sayingלֵאמֹֽר׃le.MorH559,

2Sonבֶּן־ben-H1121of manאָדָ֕ם'a.DamH120,speakאֱמֹ֛ר'e.MorH559unto Pharaohפַּרְעֹ֥הpar.'OhH6547kingמֶֽלֶךְ־Me.lekh-H4428of Egyptמִצְרַ֖יִםmitz.Ra.yimH4714,and to his multitudeהֲמוֹנ֑וֹha.mo.NoH1995;Whom art thou likeדָּמִ֥יתָda.Mi.taH1819in thy greatnessבְגָדְלֶֽךָ׃ve.ga.de.Le.khaH1433?

3Behold, the Assyrianאַשּׁ֜וּר'a.ShurH804wasa cedarאֶ֣רֶז'E.rezH730in Lebanonבַּלְּבָנ֗וֹןba.le.va.NonH3844with fairיְפֵ֥הye.PehH3303branchesעָנָ֛ף'a.NafH6057,and with a shadowingמֵצַ֖לme.TzalH6751shroudוְחֹ֥רֶשׁve.Cho.reshH2793,and of an highH1362statureקוֹמָ֑הko.MahH6967;and his topצַמַּרְתּֽוֹ׃tza.mar.ToH6788was among the thick boughsעֲבֹתִ֔ים'a.vo.TimH5688.

4The watersמַ֣יִםMa.yimH4325made him greatגִּדְּל֔וּהוּgi.de.Lu.huH1431,the deepתְּה֖וֹםte.HomH8415set him up on highרֹֽמְמָ֑תְהוּro.me.Ma.te.huH7311with her riversנַהֲרֹתֶ֗יהָna.ha.ro.Tei.haH5104runningהֹלֵךְ֙ho.leKhH1980round aboutסְבִיב֣וֹתse.vi.VotH5439his plantsמַטָּעָ֔הּma.ta.'AhH4302,and sent outשִׁלְחָ֔הshil.ChahH7971her little riversתְּעָלֹתֶ֣יהָte.'a.lo.Tei.haH8585unto all the treesעֲצֵ֥י'a.TzeiH6086of the fieldהַשָּׂדֶֽה׃ha.sa.DehH7704.

5Therefore his heightקֹמָת֔וֹko.ma.ToH6967was exaltedגָּבְהָ֣אga.ve.Ha'H1361above all the treesעֲצֵ֣י'a.TzeiH6086of the fieldהַשָּׂדֶ֑הha.sa.DehH7704,and his boughsסַֽרְעַפֹּתָ֜יוsar.'a.po.TavH5634were multipliedוַתִּרְבֶּ֨ינָהva.tir.Bei.nahH7235,and his branchesפֹארֹתָ֛יוfo.ro.tovH6288became longוַתֶּאֱרַ֧כְנָהva.te.'e.Rakh.nahH748because of the multitudeרַבִּ֖יםra.BimH7227of watersמִמַּ֥יִםmi.Ma.yimH4325,when he shot forthבְּשַׁלְּחֽוֹ׃be.sha.le.ChoH7971.

6All the fowlsע֣וֹףofH5775of heavenהַשָּׁמַ֔יִםha.sha.Ma.yimH8064made their nestsקִֽנְנוּ֙ki.NuH7077in his boughsבִּסְעַפֹּתָ֤יוbis.'a.po.TavH5589,and under his branchesפֹּֽארֹתָיו֙po.ro.TavH6288did all the beastsחַיַּ֣תchai.YatH2416of the fieldהַשָּׂדֶ֑הha.sa.DehH7704bring forth their youngיָֽלְד֔וּyal.DuH3205,and under his shadowוּבְצִלּוֹ֙u.ve.tzi.LoH6738dweltיֵֽשְׁב֔וּye.she.VuH3427all greatרַבִּֽים׃ra.BimH7227nationsגּוֹיִ֥םgo.YimH1471.

7Thus was he fairוַיְּיִ֣ףvai.ye.YifH3302in his greatnessבְּגָדְל֔וֹbe.ga.de.LoH1433,in the lengthבְּאֹ֖רֶךְbe.'O.rekhH753of his branchesדָּֽלִיּוֹתָ֑יוda.li.yo.TavH1808:for his rootשָׁרְשׁ֖וֹsha.re.ShoH8328was by greatרַבִּֽים׃ra.BimH7227watersמַ֥יִםMa.yimH4325.

8The cedarsאֲרָזִ֣ים'a.ra.ZimH730in the gardenבְּגַן־be.gan-H1588of Godאֱלֹהִים֒'E.lo.HimH430could not hideעֲמָמֻהוּ֮'a.ma.mu.HuH6004him: the fir treesבְּרוֹשִׁ֗יםbe.ro.ShimH1265were not likeדָמוּ֙da.MuH1819his boughsסְעַפֹּתָ֔יוse.'a.po.TavH5589,and the chesnut treesוְעַרְמֹנִ֥יםve.'ar.mo.NimH6196were not like his branchesכְּפֹֽארֹתָ֑יוke.fo.ro.TavH6288;nor any treeעֵץ֙'etzH6086in the gardenבְּגַן־be.gan-H1588of Godאֱלֹהִ֔ים'E.lo.HimH430was likeדָמָ֥הda.MahH1819unto him in his beautyבְּיָפְיֽוֹ׃be.ya.fe.YoH3308.

9I have madeעֲשִׂיתִ֔יו'a.si.TivH6213him fairיָפֶ֣הya.PehH3303by the multitudeבְּרֹ֖בbe.RoH7230of his branchesדָּֽלִיּוֹתָ֑יוda.li.yo.TavH1808:so that all the treesעֲצֵי־'a.tzei-H6086of Edenעֵ֔דֶן'E.denH5731, that werein the gardenבְּגַ֥ןbe.GanH1588of Godהָאֱלֹהִֽים׃ סha.'E.lo.HimH430,enviedוַיְקַנְאֻ֙הוּ֙vay.kan.'U.huH7065him.

10Therefore thus saithאָמַר֙'a.MarH559the Lordאֲדֹנָ֣י'a.do.NaiH136Yhwhיְהוִ֔הYah.wehH3069;Because thou hast lifted upגָּבַ֖הְתָּga.Vah.taH1361thyself in heightבְּקוֹמָ֑הbe.ko.MahH6967,and he hath shot upוַיִּתֵּ֤ןvai.yi.TenH5414his topצַמַּרְתּוֹ֙tza.mar.ToH6788among the thick boughsעֲבוֹתִ֔יםa.vo.TimH5688,and his heartלְבָב֖וֹle.va.VoH3824is lifted upוְרָ֥םve.RamH7311in his heightבְּגָבְהֽוֹ׃be.ga.ve.HoH1363;

11I have therefore deliveredוְאֶ֨תְּנֵ֔הוּve.'E.te.Ne.huH5414him into the handבְּיַ֖דbe.YadH3027of the mighty oneH410of the heathenגּוֹיִ֑םgo.YimH1471;he shall surelyעָשׂ֤וֹa.SoH6213dealיַֽעֲשֶׂה֙ya.'a.SehH6213with him: I have driven him outגֵּרַשְׁתִּֽהוּ׃ge.rash.Ti.huH1644for his wickednessכְּרִשְׁע֖וֹke.rish.'OH7562.

12And strangersזָרִ֛יםza.RimH2114,the terribleעָרִיצֵ֥י'a.ri.TzeiH6184of the nationsגוֹיִ֖םgo.YimH1471,have cut him offוַיִּכְרְתֻ֧הוּvai.yikh.re.Tu.huH3772,and have leftוַֽיִּטְּשֻׁ֑הוּvai.yi.te.Shu.huH5203him: upon the mountainsהֶ֠הָרִיםHe.ha.rimH2022and in all the valleysגֵּ֨אָי֜וֹתge.'a.YotH1516his branchesדָלִיּוֹתָ֗יוda.li.yo.TavH1808are fallenנָפְל֣וּna.fe.LuH5307,and his boughsפֹֽארֹתָיו֙fo.ro.TavH6288are brokenוַתִּשָּׁבַ֤רְנָהva.ti.sha.Var.nahH7665by all the riversאֲפִיקֵ֣י'a.fi.KeiH650of the landהָאָ֔רֶץha.'A.retzH776;and all the peopleעַמֵּ֥י'a.MeiH5971of the earthהָאָ֖רֶץha.'A.retzH776are gone downוַיֵּרְד֧וּvai.ye.re.DuH3381from his shadowמִצִּלּ֛וֹmi.tzi.LoH6738,and have leftוַֽיִּטְּשֻֽׁהוּ׃Vai.yi.te.Shu.huH5203him.

13Upon his ruinמַפַּלְתּ֥וֹma.pal.ToH4658shall all the fowlsע֣וֹףofH5775of the heavenהַשָּׁמָ֑יִםha.sha.Ma.yimH8064remainיִשְׁכְּנ֖וּyish.ke.NuH7931,and all the beastsחַיַּ֥תchai.YatH2416of the fieldהַשָּׂדֶֽה׃ha.sa.DehH7704shall be upon his branchesפֹּארֹתָ֣יוpo.ro.TavH6288:

14To the end that none of all the treesעֲצֵי־'a.tzei-H6086by the watersמַ֗יִםMa.yimH4325exaltיִגְבְּה֨וּyig.be.HuH1361themselves for their heightבְקוֹמָתָ֜םve.ko.ma.TamH6967,neither shoot upיִתְּנ֤וּyi.te.NuH5414their topצַמַּרְתָּם֙tza.mar.TamH6788among the thick boughsעֲבֹתִ֔ים'a.vo.TimH5688,neither their treesאֵלֵיהֶ֛ם'e.lei.HemH352stand upיַעַמְד֧וּya.'am.DuH5975in their heightבְּגָבְהָ֖םbe.ga.ve.HamH1363,all that drinkשֹׁ֣תֵיSho.teiH8354waterמָ֑יִםMa.yimH4325:for they are all deliveredנִתְּנ֨וּni.te.NuH5414unto deathלַמָּ֜וֶתla.Ma.vetH4194,to the nether partsתַּחְתִּ֗יתtach.TitH8482of the earthאֶ֣רֶץ'E.retzH776,in the midstבְּת֛וֹךְbe.TokhH8432of the childrenבְּנֵ֥יbe.NeiH1121of menאָדָ֖ם'a.DamH120,with them that go downי֥וֹרְדֵיYor.deiH3381to the pitבֽוֹר׃ סVorH953.

15Thus saithאָמַ֞ר'a.MarH559the Lordאֲדֹנָ֣י'a.do.NaiH136Yhwhיְהוִ֗הYah.wehH3069;In the dayבְּי֨וֹםbe.YomH3117when he went downרִדְתּ֤וֹrid.ToH3381to the graveשְׁא֙וֹלָה֙she.'o.lahH7585I caused a mourningהֶאֱבַ֜לְתִּיhe.'e.Val.tiH56:I coveredכִּסֵּ֤תִיki.Se.tiH3680the deepתְּה֔וֹםte.HomH8415for him, and I restrainedוָֽאֶמְנַע֙va.'em.Na'H4513the floodsנַהֲרוֹתֶ֔יהָna.ha.ro.Tei.haH5104thereof, and the greatרַבִּ֑יםra.BimH7227watersמַ֣יִםMa.yimH4325were stayedוַיִּכָּלְא֖וּvai.yi.kal.'UH3607:and I caused Lebanonלְבָנ֔וֹןle.va.NonH3844to mournוָאַקְדִּ֤רva.'ak.DirH6937for him, and all the treesעֲצֵ֥י'a.TzeiH6086of the fieldהַשָּׂדֶ֖הha.sa.DehH7704faintedעֻלְפֶּֽה׃'ul.PehH5969for him.

16I made the nationsגוֹיִ֔םgo.YimH1471to shakeהִרְעַ֣שְׁתִּיhir.'Ash.tiH7493at the soundמִקּ֤וֹלmi.KolH6963of his fallמַפַּלְתּוֹ֙ma.pal.ToH4658,when I cast him downבְּהוֹרִדִ֥יbe.ho.ri.DiH3381to hellשְׁא֖וֹלָהshe.'o.lahH7585with them that descendי֣וֹרְדֵיYor.deiH3381into the pitב֑וֹרVorH953:and all the treesעֲצֵי־'a.tzei-H6086of Edenעֵ֔דֶן'E.denH5731,the choiceמִבְחַ֥רmiv.CharH4005and bestוְטוֹב־ve.tov-H2896of Lebanonלְבָנ֖וֹןle.va.NonH3844,all that drinkשֹׁ֥תֵיSho.teiH8354waterמָֽיִם׃Ma.yimH4325,shall be comfortedוַיִּנָּ֨חֲמ֜וּvai.yi.Na.cha.MuH5162in the nether partsתַּחְתִּית֙tach.TitH8482of the earthבְּאֶ֤רֶץbe.'E.retzH776.

17They also went downיָרְד֥וּya.re.DuH3381into hellשְׁא֖וֹלָהshe.'o.lahH7585with him unto them that beslainחַלְלֵי־cha.lei-H2491with the swordחָ֑רֶבCha.revH2719; and they that werehis armוּזְרֹע֛וֹu.ze.ro.'OH2220, thatdweltיָשְׁב֥וּya.she.VuH3427under his shadowבְצִלּ֖וֹve.tzi.LoH6738in the midstבְּת֥וֹךְbe.TokhH8432of the heathenגּוֹיִֽם׃go.YimH1471.

18To whom art thou thus likeדָמִ֥יתָda.Mi.taH1819in gloryבְּכָב֥וֹדbe.kha.VodH3519and in greatnessוּבְגֹ֖דֶלu.ve.Go.delH1433among the treesבַּעֲצֵי־ba.'a.tzei-H6086of Edenעֵ֑דֶן'E.denH5731?yet shalt thou be brought downוְהוּרַדְתָּ֨ve.hu.rad.TaH3381with the treesעֲצֵי־'a.tzei-H6086of Edenעֵ֜דֶן'E.denH5731unto the nether partsתַּחְתִּ֗יתtach.TitH8482of the earthאֶ֣רֶץ'E.retzH776:thou shalt lieתִּשְׁכַּב֙tish.KavH7901in the midstבְּת֨וֹךְbe.TokhH8432of the uncircumcisedעֲרֵלִ֤ים'a.re.LimH6189with them that beslainחַלְלֵי־cha.lei-H2491by the swordחֶ֔רֶבChe.revH2719. This isPharaohפַרְעֹה֙far.'OhH6547and all his multitudeהֲמונ֔וֹha.mo.NoH1995,saithנְאֻ֖םne.'UmH5002the Lordאֲדֹנָ֥י'a.do.NaiH136Yhwhיְהוִֽה׃ סYah.wehH3069.

Commentaries on Ezekiel 31