New American Standard Bible 1995
Genesis 19
The Doom of Sodom
1Now thetwoשְׁנֵ֨יshe.NeiH8147angelsהַמַּלְאָכִ֤יםha.mal.'a.KhimH4397cameוַ֠יָּבֹאוּVai.ya.vo.'uH935to Sodomסְדֹ֙מָה֙se.Do.mahH5467in the eveningבָּעֶ֔רֶבba.'E.revH6153as Lotוְל֖וֹטve.LotH3876was sittingיֹשֵׁ֣בyo.ShevH3427in the gateבְּשַֽׁעַר־be.sha.'ar-H8179of Sodomסְדֹ֑םse.DomH5467. WhenLotלוֹט֙lOtH3876sawוַיַּרְא־vai.yar'-H7200them,he roseוַיָּ֣קָםvai.Ya.komH6965to meetלִקְרָאתָ֔םlik.ra.TamH7122them andbowedH7812downוַיִּשְׁתַּ֥חוּvai.yish.Ta.chuH7812with hisfaceאַפַּ֖יִם'a.Pa.yimH639to the groundאָֽרְצָה׃'A.re.tzahH776.
2And he saidוַיֹּ֜אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559, “Nowנָּא־na'-H4994beholdהִנֶּ֣הhi.NehH2009,my lordsH136,pleaseנָ֠אna'H4994turnס֣וּרוּSu.ruH5493asideH5493into your servant’sעַבְדְּכֶ֤ם'av.de.KhemH5650houseבֵּ֨יתbeitH1004,and spendH3885the nightוְלִ֙ינוּ֙ve.Li.nuH3885,and washוְרַחֲצ֣וּve.ra.cha.TzuH7364your feetרַגְלֵיכֶ֔םrag.lei.KhemH7272;then you may riseוְהִשְׁכַּמְתֶּ֖םve.hish.kam.TemH7925earlyH7925and goוַהֲלַכְתֶּ֣םva.ha.lakh.TemH1980on your wayלְדַרְכְּכֶ֑םle.dar.ke.KhemH1870.”They saidוַיֹּאמְר֣וּvai.yo.me.RuH559however, “Noלֹּ֔אLo'H3808,but we shall spendH3885the nightנָלִֽין׃na.LinH3885in the squareבָרְח֖וֹבva.re.ChovH7339.”
3Yet he urgedוַיִּפְצַר־vai.yif.tzar-H6484them stronglyמְאֹ֔דme.'OdH3966,so they turnedH5493asideוַיָּסֻ֣רוּvai.ya.Su.ruH5493to him and enteredוַיָּבֹ֖אוּvai.ya.Vo.'uH935his houseבֵּית֑וֹbei.ToH1004;and he preparedוַיַּ֤עַשׂvai.Ya.'asH6213a feastמִשְׁתֶּ֔הmish.TehH4960for them, and bakedאָפָ֖ה'a.FahH644unleavenedוּמַצּ֥וֹתu.ma.TzotH4682breadH4682,and they ateוַיֹּאכֵֽלוּ׃vai.yo.Khe.luH398.
4Beforeטֶרֶם֮te.RemH2962they layH7901downיִשְׁכָּבוּ֒yish.ka.VuH7901,the menH376of the cityהָעִ֜ירha.'IrH5892,the menH376of Sodomסְדֹם֙se.DomH5467,surroundedנָסַ֣בּוּna.Sa.buH5437the houseהַבַּ֔יִתha.Ba.yitH1004,bothH4480youngמִנַּ֖עַרmi.Na.'arH5288and oldזָקֵ֑ןza.KenH2205,allכָּל־kol-H3605the peopleהָעָ֖םha.'AmH5971from every quarterמִקָּצֶֽה׃mi.ka.TzehH7097;
5and they calledוַיִּקְרְא֤וּvai.yik.re.'UH7121to Lotלוֹט֙lOtH3876and saidוַיֹּ֣אמְרוּvai.Yo.me.ruH559to him, “Whereאַיֵּ֧ה'ai.YehH346are the menH376whoאֲשֶׁר־'a.Sher-H834cameבָּ֥אוּBa.'uH935to you tonightהַלָּ֑יְלָהha.La.ye.lahH3915?Bringהוֹצִיאֵ֣םho.tzi.'EmH3318them out to us that we mayhaveH3045relationsH3045with them.”
8Nowנָ֨אna'H4994beholdהִנֵּה־hi.neh-H2009,I have twoשְׁתֵּ֣יshe.TeiH8147daughtersבָנ֗וֹתva.NotH1323whoאֲשֶׁ֤ר'a.SherH834have nothadH3045relationsH3045with manאִ֔ישׁ'IshH376;pleaseנָּ֤אna'H4994let me bringאוֹצִֽיאָה־'o.tzi.'ah-H3318them out to you, and doוַעֲשׂ֣וּva.'a.SuH6213to themwhateverH2896H5869you likeH2896H5869;onlyH7534doתַּעֲשׂ֣וּta.'a.SuH6213nothingאַל־ דָבָ֔ר'al- da.VarH408H1697to theseהָאֵל֙ha.'ElH411menH376,inasmuchכִּֽי־ עַל־ כֵּ֥ןki- 'al- kenH3588H5921H3651as they have comeבָּ֖אוּBa.'uH935under theshelterבְּצֵ֥לbe.TzelH6738of my roofקֹרָתִֽי׃ko.ra.TiH6982.”
9But they saidוַיֹּאמְר֣וּ׀vai.yo.me.RuH559, “StandH5066asideהָ֗לְאָהHal.'ahH1973.”Furthermore, they saidוַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙vai.yo.me.RuH559, “This oneהָאֶחָ֤דha.'e.ChadH259cameבָּֽא־ba'-H935inas an alienלָגוּר֙la.GurH1481,and alreadyH8199he is actingH8199like a judgeH8199;nowעַתָּ֕ה'a.TahH6258we will treatH7489you worseH7489thanH4480them.” So they pressedוַיִּפְצְר֨וּvai.yif.tze.RuH6484hardמְאֹ֔דme.'OdH3966againstLotבְּלוֹט֙be.lOtH3876and cameH5066nearH5066to breakלִשְׁבֹּ֥רlish.BorH7665the doorהַדָּֽלֶת׃ha.Da.letH1817.
11Theystruckהִכּוּ֙hi.KuH5221the menH376whoאֲשֶׁר־'a.Sher-H834were at the doorwayפֶּ֣תַחPe.tachH6607of the houseהַבַּ֗יִתha.Ba.yitH1004with blindnessבַּסַּנְוֵרִ֔יםba.san.ve.RimH5575,bothH4480smallמִקָּטֹ֖ןmi.ka.TonH6996and greatגָּד֑וֹלga.DolH1419,so that they weariedוַיִּלְא֖וּvai.yil.'UH3811themselves tryingto findלִמְצֹ֥אlim.Tzo'H4672the doorwayהַפָּֽתַח׃ha.Pa.tachH6607.
12Then the twomenH376saidוַיֹּאמְר֨וּvai.yo.me.RuH559to Lotל֗וֹטLotH3876, “Whomמִֽי־mi-H4310elseעֹ֚ד'odH5750have you hereפֹ֔הFohH6311?A son-in-lawחָתָן֙cha.TanH2860,and your sonsוּבָנֶ֣יךָu.va.Nei.khaH1121,and your daughtersוּבְנֹתֶ֔יךָu.ve.no.Tei.khaH1323,and whomeverוְכֹ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־ve.Khol 'a.Sher-H3605H834you have in the cityבָּעִ֑ירba.'IrH5892,bringהוֹצֵ֖אho.Tze'H3318themout of the placeהַמָּקֽוֹם׃ha.ma.KomH4725;
13for we are about to destroyמַשְׁחִתִ֣יםmash.chi.TimH7843thisהַזֶּ֑הha.ZehH2088placeהַמָּק֖וֹםha.ma.KomH4725,becauseכִּֽי־ki-H3588their outcryצַעֲקָתָם֙tza.'a.ka.TamH6818has becomeH1431soכִּֽי־ki-H3588greatגָֽדְלָ֤הga.de.LahH1431beforeפְּנֵ֣יpe.NeiH6440the Lordיְהוָ֔הYah.wehH3068thatthe Lordיְהוָ֖הYah.wehH3068has sentוַיְשַׁלְּחֵ֥נוּvay.sha.le.Che.nuH7971us to destroyלְשַׁחֲתָֽהּ׃le.sha.cha.TahH7843it.”
14Lotל֜וֹטLotH3876wentוַיֵּצֵ֨אvai.ye.Tze'H3318out and spokeוַיְדַבֵּ֣ר׀vay.da.BerH1696to his sons-in-lawחֲתָנָ֣יו׀cha.ta.NavH2860, whowere to marryלֹקְחֵ֣יlo.ke.CheiH3947his daughtersבְנֹתָ֗יוve.no.TavH1323,and saidוַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙vai.Yo.merH559, “Up,getצְּאוּ֙tze.'UH3318out of thisהַזֶּ֔הha.ZehH2088placeהַמָּק֣וֹםha.ma.KomH4725,for the Lordיְהוָ֖הYah.wehH3068will destroyמַשְׁחִ֥יתmash.ChitH7843the cityהָעִ֑ירha.'IrH5892.”But he appearedוַיְהִ֥י בְּעֵינֵ֥יvay.Hi be.'ei.NeiH1961H5869to his sons-in-lawחֲתָנָֽיו׃cha.ta.NavH2860to be jestingכִמְצַחֵ֖קkhim.tza.ChekH6711.
15Whenוּכְמוֹ֙u.khe.MoH3644morningהַשַּׁ֣חַרha.Sha.charH7837dawnedעָלָ֔ה'a.LahH5927,the angelsהַמַּלְאָכִ֖יםha.mal.'a.KhimH4397urgedוַיָּאִ֥יצוּvai.ya.'I.tzuH213Lotבְּל֣וֹטbe.LotH3876,sayingלֵאמֹ֑רle.MorH559, “Up, takeקַ֨חkachH3947your wifeאִשְׁתְּךָ֜'ish.te.KhaH802and your twoשְׁתֵּ֤יshe.TeiH8147daughtersבְנֹתֶ֙יךָ֙ve.no.Tei.khaH1323who are hereהַנִּמְצָאֹ֔תha.nim.tza.'OtH4672,orפֶּן־pen-H6435you will be sweptתִּסָּפֶ֖הti.sa.PehH5595awayH5595in thepunishmentבַּעֲוֹ֥ןba.'a.VonH5771of the cityהָעִֽיר׃ha.'IrH5892.”
16But he hesitatedוַֽיִּתְמַהְמָ֓הּ׀vai.yit.mah.MahH4102.So the menH376seizedוַיַּחֲזִ֨קוּvai.ya.cha.Zi.kuH2388his handבְּיָד֣וֹbe.ya.DoH3027and the handוּבְיַד־u.ve.yad-H3027of his wifeאִשְׁתּ֗וֹ'ish.ToH802and thehandsוּבְיַד֙u.ve.YadH3027of his twoשְׁתֵּ֣יshe.TeiH8147daughtersבְנֹתָ֔יוve.no.TavH1323, forthe compassionבְּחֶמְלַ֥תbe.chem.LatH2551of the Lordיְהוָ֖הYah.wehH3068wasupon him; and they broughtוַיֹּצִאֻ֥הוּvai.yo.tzi.'U.huH3318him out, and putוַיַּנִּחֻ֖הוּvai.ya.ni.Chu.huH5117him outsideמִח֥וּץmi.ChutzH4480H2351the cityלָעִֽיר׃la.'IrH5892.
17When they had broughtכְהוֹצִיאָ֨םkhe.ho.tzi.'AmH3318them outsideהַח֗וּצָהha.Chu.tzahH2351,one saidוַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙vai.Yo.merH559, “Escapeהִמָּלֵ֣טhi.ma.LetH4422for your lifeנַפְשֶׁ֔ךָnaf.She.khaH5315!Do not lookתַּבִּ֣יטta.BitH5027behindאַחֲרֶ֔יךָ'a.cha.Rei.khaH310you, and do not stayתַּעֲמֹ֖דta.'a.ModH5975anywhereבְּכָל־be.kholH3605in thevalleyהַכִּכָּ֑רha.ki.KarH3603;escapeהִמָּלֵ֖טhi.ma.LetH4422to themountainsהָהָ֥רָהha.Ha.rahH2022,orפֶּן־pen-H6435you will be sweptתִּסָּפֶֽה׃ti.sa.PehH5595awayH5595.”
19Nowנָ֠אna'H4994beholdהִנֵּה־hi.neh-H2009,your servantעַבְדְּךָ֣'av.de.KhaH5650has foundמָצָ֨אma.Tza'H4672favorחֵן֮chenH2580in your sightבְּעֵינֶיךָ֒be.'ei.nei.KhaH5869,and you have magnifiedוַתַּגְדֵּ֣לva.tag.DelH1431your lovingkindnessחַסְדְּךָ֗chas.de.KhaH2617,whichאֲשֶׁ֤ר'a.SherH834you have shownעָשִׂ֙יתָ֙'a.Si.taH6213me by savingלְהַחֲי֖וֹתle.ha.cha.YotH2421my lifeנַפְשִׁ֑יnaf.ShiH5315;but I cannotלֹ֤א אוּכַל֙lo' 'u.KhalH3201H3808escapeלְהִמָּלֵ֣טle.hi.ma.LetH4422to themountainsהָהָ֔רָהha.Ha.rahH2022,for the disasterH7463will overtakeתִּדְבָּקַ֥נִיtid.ba.Ka.niH1692me and I will dieוָמַֽתִּי׃va.Ma.tiH4191;
20nowנָ֠אna'H4994beholdהִנֵּה־hi.neh-H2009,thisH2088townהָעִ֨ירha.'IrH5892is nearקְרֹבָ֛הke.ro.VahH7138enoughto fleeלָנ֥וּסla.NusH5127to, and it is smallמִצְעָ֑רmitz.'ArH4705.Pleaseנָּ֜אna'H4994,let me escapeאִמָּלְטָ֨ה'i.mal.TahH4422thereH8033(is it not smallמִצְעָ֛רmitz.'ArH4705?)that my lifeנַפְשִֽׁי׃naf.ShiH5315may be savedוּתְחִ֥יu.te.ChiH2421.”
21He saidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559to him, “Beholdהִנֵּה֙hi.NehH2009,I grantנָשָׂ֣אתִיna.Sa.tiH5375you thisהַזֶּ֑הha.ZehH2088requestלַדָּבָ֣רla.da.VarH1697alsoגַּ֖םgamH1571,not to overthrowהָפְכִּ֥יha.fe.KiH2015the townהָעִ֖ירha.'IrH5892of whichאֲשֶׁ֥ר'a.SherH834you have spokenדִּבַּֽרְתָּ׃di.Bar.taH1696.
22Hurryמַהֵר֙ma.HerH4116,escapeהִמָּלֵ֣טhi.ma.LetH4422thereשָׁ֔מָּהSha.mahH8033,for I cannotלֹ֤א אוּכַל֙lo' 'u.KhalH3201H3808doלַעֲשׂ֣וֹתla.'a.SotH6213anythingדָּבָ֔רda.VarH1697untilעַד־'ad-H5704you arriveבֹּאֲךָ֖bo.'a.KhaH935thereשָׁ֑מָּהSha.mahH8033.”Thereforeעַל־ כֵּ֛ן'al- kenH5921H3651the nameשֵׁם־shem-H8034of the townהָעִ֖ירha.'IrH5892was calledקָרָ֥אka.Ra'H7121Zoarצֽוֹעַר׃Tzo.'arH6820.
25andHe overthrewוַֽיַּהֲפֹךְ֙vai.ya.ha.foKhH2015thoseהָאֵ֔לha.'ElH411citiesהֶעָרִ֣יםhe.'a.RimH5892,and allכָּל־kol-H3605thevalleyהַכִּכָּ֑רha.ki.KarH3603,and allכָּל־kol-H3605the inhabitantsיֹשְׁבֵ֣יyo.she.VeiH3427of the citiesהֶעָרִ֔יםhe.'a.RimH5892,and whatH6780grewH6780on the groundהָאֲדָמָֽה׃ha.'a.da.MahH127.
28and he lookedH8259downוַיַּשְׁקֵ֗ףvai.yash.KefH8259towardעַל־ פְּנֵ֤י'al- pe.NeiH5921H6440Sodomסְדֹם֙se.DomH5467and Gomorrahוַעֲמֹרָ֔הva.'a.mo.RahH6017,and towardוְעַֽל־ פְּנֵ֖יve.'al- pe.NeiH5921H6440allכָּל־kol-H3605the landאֶ֣רֶץ'E.retzH776of thevalleyהַכִּכָּ֑רha.ki.KarH3603,and he sawוַיַּ֗רְאvai.Yar'H7200,and beholdוְהִנֵּ֤הve.hi.NehH2009,the smokeקִיטֹ֣רki.TorH7008of the landהָאָ֔רֶץha.'A.retzH776ascendedעָלָה֙'a.LahH5927like the smokeכְּקִיטֹ֖רke.ki.TorH7008of afurnaceהַכִּבְשָֽׁן׃ha.kiv.ShanH3536.
29Thus it cameוַיְהִ֗יvay.HiH1961about, when Godאֱלֹהִים֙'E.lo.HimH430destroyedבְּשַׁחֵ֤תbe.sha.ChetH7843the citiesעָרֵ֣י'a.ReiH5892of thevalleyהַכִּכָּ֔רha.ki.KarH3603, thatGodאֱלֹהִ֖ים'E.lo.HimH430rememberedוַיִּזְכֹּ֥רvai.yiz.KorH2142Abrahamאַבְרָהָ֑ם'av.ra.HamH85, andsentוַיְשַׁלַּ֤חvay.sha.LachH7971Lotלוֹט֙lOtH3876out of the midstמִתּ֣וֹךְmi.TokhH8432of the overthrowהַהֲפֵכָ֔הha.ha.fe.KhahH2018,when He overthrewבַּהֲפֹךְ֙ba.ha.foKhH2015the citiesהֶ֣עָרִ֔יםhe.'a.RimH5892in whichאֲשֶׁר־'a.Sher-H834Lotלֽוֹט׃LotH3876livedיָשַׁ֥בya.ShavH3427.
Lot Is Debased
30Lotל֨וֹטLotH3876wentוַיַּעַל֩vai.ya.'AlH5927up from Zoarמִצּ֜וֹעַרmi.Tzo.'arH6820, andstayedוַיֵּ֣שֶׁבvai.Ye.shevH3427in themountainsבָּהָ֗רba.HarH2022,and his twoוּשְׁתֵּ֤יu.she.TeiH8147daughtersבְנֹתָיו֙ve.no.TavH1323with him; for he was afraidיָרֵ֖אya.Re'H3372tostayלָשֶׁ֣בֶתla.She.vetH3427in Zoarבְּצ֑וֹעַרbe.Tzo.'arH6820; and hestayedוַיֵּ֙שֶׁב֙vai.Ye.shevH3427in a caveבַּמְּעָרָ֔הba.me.'a.RahH4631,he and his twoוּשְׁתֵּ֥יu.she.TeiH8147daughtersבְנֹתָֽיו׃ve.no.TavH1323.
31Then the firstbornהַבְּכִירָ֛הha.be.khi.RahH1067saidוַתֹּ֧אמֶרva.To.merH559to the youngerהַצְּעִירָ֖הha.tze.'i.RahH6810, “Our fatherאָבִ֣ינוּ'a.Vi.nuH1is oldזָקֵ֑ןza.KenH2204,and thereאֵ֤ין'einH369is not a manוְאִ֨ישׁve.'IshH376on earthבָּאָ֙רֶץ֙ba.'A.retzH776tocomeלָב֣וֹאla.Vo'H935in to us after the mannerכְּדֶ֖רֶךְke.De.rekhH1870of the earthהָאָֽרֶץ׃ha.'A.retzH776.
33So they made their fatherאֲבִיהֶ֛ן'a.vi.HenH1drinkוַתַּשְׁקֶ֧יןָva.tash.Kei.naH8248wineיַ֖יִןYa.yinH3196that nightבַּלַּ֣יְלָהba.Lay.lahH3915,and the firstbornהַבְּכִירָה֙ha.be.khi.RahH1067wentוַתָּבֹ֤אva.ta.Vo'H935in and layH7901with her fatherאָבִ֔יהָ'a.Vi.haH1;and he did not knowיָדַ֥עya.Da'H3045when she layH7901downH7901or when she aroseוּבְקׄוּמָֽהּ׃u.ve.ku.MahH6965.
34On the followingH4283dayמִֽמָּחֳרָ֔תmi.mo.cho.RatH4283,the firstbornהַבְּכִירָה֙ha.be.khi.RahH1067saidוַתֹּ֤אמֶרva.To.merH559to the youngerהַצְּעִירָ֔הha.tze.'i.RahH6810, “Beholdהֵן־hen-H2005,I layשָׁכַ֥בְתִּיsha.Khav.tiH7901lastאֶ֖מֶשׁ'E.meshH570nightH570with my fatherאָבִ֑י'a.ViH1;let us make him drinkנַשְׁקֶ֨נּוּnash.Ke.nuH8248wineיַ֜יִןYa.yinH3196tonightהַלַּ֗יְלָהha.Lay.lahH3915alsoגַּם־gam-H1571;then you goוּבֹ֙אִי֙u.Vo.'iH935in and lieשִׁכְבִ֣יshikh.ViH7901with him, that we may preserveוּנְחַיֶּ֥הu.ne.chai.YehH2421our familyזָֽרַע׃Za.ra'H2233throughH4480our fatherמֵאָבִ֖ינוּme.'a.Vi.nuH1.”
35So they made their fatherאֲבִיהֶ֖ן'a.vi.HenH1drinkוַתַּשְׁקֶ֜יןָva.tash.Kei.naH8248wineיָ֑יִןYa.yinH3196that nightבַּלַּ֧יְלָהba.Lay.lahH3915alsoגַּ֣םgamH1571,and the youngerהַצְּעִירָה֙ha.tze.'i.RahH6810aroseוַתָּ֤קָםva.Ta.komH6965and layH7901with him; and he did not knowיָדַ֥עya.Da'H3045when she layH7901downH7901or when she aroseוּבְקֻמָֽהּ׃u.ve.ku.MahH6965.
38As for the youngerוְהַצְּעִירָ֤הve.ha.tze.'i.RahH6810,she alsoגַם־gam-H1571boreיָ֣לְדָהYal.dahH3205a sonבֵּ֔ןBenH1121,and calledוַתִּקְרָ֥אva.tik.Ra'H7121his nameשְׁמ֖וֹshe.MoH8034Ben-ammiH1151;he is the fatherאֲבִ֥י'a.ViH1of thesonsבְנֵֽי־ve.nei-H1121ofAmmonעַמּ֖וֹןa.MonH5983to this dayהַיּֽוֹם׃ סhai.YomH3117.
Commentaries on Genesis 19
- Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
- Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
- Matthew Henry Concise Commentary
- Tyndale Open Study Notes
- Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary
- Rashi on Tanakh
- Calvin’s Commentaries
- Keil & Delitzsch Commentary
- John Wesley’s Notes
- Darby Translation Notes
- Geneva Bible Translation Notes
- Kingcomments
- Matthew Henry’s Complete Commentary
- Matthew Henry’s Modern English Commentary
- Scofield Reference Notes, 1917 Edition
- Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary
- EGW Writings
New American Standard Bible 1995 — © 1960–1995 The Lockman Foundation. All rights reserved.
Commentaries