Berean Standard Bible
1 Samuel 20:5-24
5So Davidדָּוִ֜ד אֶל־da.Vid 'el-H1732H413toldוַיֹּ֨אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559himיְהוֹנָתָ֗ןye.ho.na.TanH3083, “Lookהִֽנֵּה־hi.neh-H2009,tomorrowמָחָ֔רma.CharH4279is the New Moonחֹ֙דֶשׁ֙cho.deshH2320,and I amוְאָנֹכִ֛יve.'a.no.KhiH595supposed to dineלֶאֱכ֑וֹלle.'e.KholH3427H398withעִם־'im-H5973the kingהַמֶּ֖לֶךְha.Me.lekhH4428.Instead, let me goוְשִׁלַּחְתַּ֙נִי֙ve.shi.lach.Ta.niH7971and hideוְנִסְתַּרְתִּ֣יve.nis.tar.TiH5641in the fieldבַשָּׂדֶ֔הva.sa.DehH7704untilעַ֖ד'adH5704the thirdהַשְּׁלִשִֽׁית׃ha.she.li.ShitH7992evening from nowהָעֶ֥רֶבha.'E.revH6153.
6Ifאִם־'im-H518your fatherאָבִ֑יךָ'a.Vi.khaH1misses me at allH6485,tell himוְאָמַרְתָּ֗ve.'a.mar.TaH559, ‘Davidדָוִד֙da.VidH1732urgently requestedH7592myמִמֶּ֤נִּיmi.Me.niH4480permissionto hurryלָרוּץ֙la.RutzH7323to BethlehemH1035,his hometownעִיר֔וֹi.RoH5892,becauseכִּ֣יkiH3588there isשָׁ֖םshamH8033an annualהַיָּמִ֛יםhai.ya.MimH3117sacrificeזֶ֧בַחZe.vachH2077for his wholeלְכָל־le.kholH3605clanהַמִּשְׁפָּחָֽה׃ha.mish.pa.ChahH4940.’
7Ifאִם־ כֹּ֥ה'im- kohH518H3541he saysיֹאמַ֛רyo.MarH559, ‘Goodט֖וֹבTovH2896,’then your servantלְעַבְדֶּ֑ךָle.'av.De.khaH5650is safeשָׁל֣וֹםsha.LomH7965,but ifוְאִם־ve.'im-H518he is enragedH2734,you will knowדַּ֕ע כִּֽי־da' ki-H3045H3588he has evilהָרָעָ֖ה מֵעִמּֽוֹ׃ha.ra.'Ah me.'i.MoH7451H5973intentionsכָלְתָ֥הkhal.TahH3615.
8Therefore showוְעָשִׂ֤יתָve.'a.Si.taH6213kindnessחֶ֙סֶד֙che.sedH2617toעַל־'al-H5921your servantעַבְדֶּ֔ךָ'av.De.khaH5650,forכִּ֚יkiH3588you have broughtהֵבֵ֥אתָhe.Ve.taH935אֶֽת־'et-H853meעַבְדְּךָ֖'av.de.KhaH5650into a covenantבִּבְרִ֣יתbiv.RitH1285withעִמָּ֑ךְ'i.MakhH5973you before the LORDיְהוָ֔הYah.wehH3068.Ifוְאִם־ve.'im-H518there isיֶשׁ־yesh-H3426iniquityעָוֹן֙'a.VonH5771in me,then kill meהֲמִיתֵ֣נִיha.mi.Te.niH4191yourselfאַ֔תָּה'A.tahH859;whyלָמָּה־ זֶּ֥הla.mah- zehH4100H2088should you bring meתְבִיאֵֽנִי׃ פte.vi.'E.niH935toוְעַד־ve.'ad-H5704your fatherאָבִ֖יךָ'a.Vi.khaH1?”
9“Neverחָלִ֣ילָהcha.Li.lahH2486כִּ֣י׀kiH3588!”Jonathanיְהוֹנָתָ֖ןye.ho.na.TanH3083repliedוַיֹּ֥אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559. “Ifאִם־'im-H518I ever found outH3045thatכִּֽי־ki-H3588my fatherאָבִי֙ לָב֣וֹא'a.Vi la.Vo'H1H935had evilהָרָעָ֜ה מֵעִ֤םha.ra.'Ah me.'ImH7451H5973intentionsכָלְתָ֨הkhal.TahH3615against youעָלֶ֔יךָ'a.Lei.khaH5921,would I notוְלֹ֥אve.Lo'H3808אֹתָ֖הּ'o.TahH853tellאַגִּ֥יד'a.GidH5046you?”
11“Comeלְכָ֖הle.KhahH1980,”heיְהֽוֹנָתָן֙ אֶל־ye.ho.na.Tan 'el-H3083H413repliedוַיֹּ֤אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559דָּוִ֔דda.VidH1732, “let us go outוְנֵצֵ֣אve.ne.Tze'H3318to the fieldהַשָּׂדֶ֑הha.sa.DehH7704.”So the twoשְׁנֵיהֶ֖םshe.nei.HemH8147of them went outוַיֵּצְא֥וּvai.ye.tze.'UH3318into the fieldהַשָּׂדֶֽה׃ סha.sa.DehH7704,
12and Jonathanיְהוֹנָתָ֜ןye.ho.na.TanH3083saidוַיֹּ֨אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559אֶל־'el-H413דָּוִ֗דda.VidH1732, “By the LORDיְהוָ֞הYah.wehH3068,the Godאֱלֹהֵ֤י'e.lo.HeiH430of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵל֙ כִּֽי־Yis.ra.'El ki-H3478H3588,I will sound outאֶחְקֹ֣ר'ech.KorH2713אֶת־'et-H853my fatherאָבִ֗י'a.ViH1by this timeכָּעֵ֤ת׀ka.'EtH6256tomorrowמָחָר֙ma.CharH4279or the next dayהַשְּׁלִשִׁ֔יתha.she.li.ShitH7992.Ifוְהִנֵּה־ve.hi.neh-H2009he is favorableט֖וֹבTovH2896towardאֶל־'el-H413youדָּוִ֑דda.VidH1732,will I notוְלֹֽא־ אָז֙ve.lo'- 'azH3808H227sendאֶשְׁלַ֣ח'esh.LachH7971for youאֵלֶ֔יךָ'e.Lei.khaH413and tellוְגָלִ֖יתִיve.ga.Li.tiH1540אֶת־'et-H853youאָזְנֶֽךָ׃'a.ze.Ne.khaH241?
13But ifכִּֽי־ki-H3588my fatherאָבִ֤י'a.ViH1אֶת־'et-H853intendsיֵיטִ֨בyei.TivH3190toאֶל־'el-H413bring evilהָֽרָעָה֙ha.ra.'AhH7451on youעָלֶ֔יךָ'a.Lei.khaH5921,then may the LORDיְהוָ֨הYah.wehH3068punishכֹּֽה־ יַעֲשֶׂה֩koh- ya.'a.SehH3541H6213meלִֽיהוֹנָתָ֜ןli.ho.na.TanH3083,and ever soוְכֹ֣הve.KhohH3541severelyיֹסִ֗יףyo.SifH3254,if I do not tellוְגָלִ֙יתִי֙ve.ga.Li.tiH1540אֶת־'et-H853youאָזְנֶ֔ךָ'a.ze.Ne.khaH241and send you on your wayוְשִׁלַּחְתִּ֖יךָ וְהָלַכְתָּ֣ve.shi.lach.Ti.kha ve.ha.lakh.TaH7971H1980in safetyלְשָׁל֑וֹםle.sha.LomH7965.May the LORDיְהוָה֙Yah.wehH3068beוִיהִ֤יvi.HiH1961with youעִמָּ֔ךְ'i.MakhH5973,just asכַּאֲשֶׁ֥רka.'a.SherH834He has beenהָיָ֖הha.YahH1961withעִם־'im-H5973my fatherאָבִֽי׃'a.ViH1.
15and do notוְלֹֽא־ve.lo'-H3808everעַד־ עוֹלָ֑ם'ad- o.LamH5704H5769cut offתַכְרִ֧תtakh.RitH3772אֶֽת־'et-H853your loving devotionחַסְדְּךָ֛chas.de.KhaH2617fromמֵעִ֥םme.'ImH5973my householdבֵּיתִ֖יbei.TiH1004—notוְלֹ֗אve.Lo'H3808even when the LORDיְהוָה֙Yah.wehH3068אֶת־'et-H853cuts offבְּהַכְרִ֤תbe.hakh.RitH3772every oneאִ֕ישׁ'ishH376of David’sדָוִ֔דda.VidH1732enemiesאֹיְבֵ֣י'o.ye.VeiH341fromמֵעַ֖לme.'AlH5921the faceפְּנֵ֥יpe.NeiH6440of the earthהָאֲדָמָֽה׃ha.'a.da.MahH127.”
16So Jonathanיְהוֹנָתָ֖ןye.ho.na.TanH3083made a covenantוַיִּכְרֹ֥תvai.yikh.RotH3772withעִם־'im-H5973the houseבֵּ֣יתbeitH1004of Davidדָּוִ֑דda.VidH1732, saying, “May the LORDיְהוָ֔הYah.wehH3068holdמִיַּ֖דmi.YadH3027David’sדָוִֽד׃da.VidH1732enemiesאֹיְבֵ֥י'o.ye.VeiH341accountableוּבִקֵּ֣שׁu.vi.KeshH1245.”
17And Jonathanיְהֽוֹנָתָן֙ye.ho.na.TanH3083had Davidדָּוִ֔דda.VidH1732reaffirmוַיּ֤וֹסֶףvai.Yo.sefH3254his vowלְהַשְׁבִּ֣יעַle.hash.Bi.a'H7650אֶת־'et-H853out of loveבְּאַהֲבָת֖וֹbe.'a.ha.va.ToH160for himאֹת֑וֹ'o.ToH853,forכִּֽי־ki-H3588Jonathanlovedאֲהֵבֽוֹ׃ ס'a.he.VoH157Davidas he lovedאַהֲבַ֥ת'a.ha.VatH160himselfנַפְשׁ֖וֹnaf.ShoH5315.
19Whenyou have stayed three daysוְשִׁלַּשְׁתָּ֙ve.shi.lash.TaH8027,hurryמְאֹ֔דme.'OdH3966downתֵּרֵ֣דte.RedH3381וּבָאתָ֙u.va.TaH935toאֶל־'el-H413the placeהַמָּק֔וֹםha.ma.KomH4725אֲשֶׁר־'a.Sher-H834you hidנִסְתַּ֥רְתָּ שָּׁ֖םnis.Tar.ta shamH5641H8033on the dayבְּי֣וֹםbe.YomH3117this trouble beganהַֽמַּעֲשֶׂ֑הha.ma.'a.SehH4639,and remainוְיָ֣שַׁבְתָּ֔ve.Ya.shav.taH3427besideאֵ֖צֶל'E.tzelH681the stoneהָאֶ֥בֶןha.'E.venH68Ezelהָאָֽזֶל׃ha.'A.zelH237.
21Thenוְהִנֵּה֙ve.hi.NehH2009I will sendאֶשְׁלַ֣ח'esh.LachH7971אֶת־'et-H853a boyהַנַּ֔עַרha.Na.'arH5288and say, ‘Goלֵ֖ךְlekhH1980,findמְצָ֣אme.Tza'H4672אֶת־'et-H853the arrowsהַחִצִּ֑יםha.chi.TzimH2671!’Now, ifאִם־'im-H518I expressly sayH559to himלַנַּ֜עַרla.Na.'arH5288, ‘Lookהִנֵּ֥הhi.NehH2009,the arrowsהַחִצִּ֣ים׀ha.chi.TzimH2671are on this sideוָהֵ֗נָּהva.He.nahH2008of youמִמְּךָ֣mi.me.KhaH4480;bring themקָחֶ֧נּוּ׀ka.Che.nuH3947,’then comeוָבֹ֛אָהva.Vo.'ahH935,becauseכִּֽי־ki-H3588as surely as the LORDיְהוָֽה׃Yah.wehH3068livesחַי־chai-H2416,it is safeשָׁל֥וֹםsha.LomH7965for you,and there is noוְאֵ֥יןve.'EinH369dangerדָּבָ֖רda.VarH1697.
22But ifוְאִם־ve.'im-H518I sayאֹמַר֙'o.MarH559כֹּ֤הkohH3541to the young manלָעֶ֔לֶםla.'E.lemH5958, ‘Lookהִנֵּ֥הhi.NehH2009,the arrowsהַחִצִּ֖יםha.chi.TzimH2671arebeyond youמִמְּךָ֣mi.me.KhaH4480,’thenוָהָ֑לְאָהva.Hal.'ahH1973you must goלֵ֕ךְlekhH1980,forכִּ֥יkiH3588the LORDיְהוָֽה׃Yah.wehH3068has sent you awayשִֽׁלַּחֲךָ֖shi.la.cha.KhaH7971.
23And as for the matterוְהַ֨דָּבָ֔רve.Ha.da.VarH1697אֲשֶׁ֥ר'a.SherH834youוָאָ֑תָּה הִנֵּ֧הva.'A.tah hi.NehH859H2009and Iאֲנִ֣י'a.NiH589have discussedדִּבַּ֖רְנוּdi.Bar.nuH1696,the LORDיְהוָ֛הYah.wehH3068is a witness betweenבֵּינִ֥יbei.NiH996you and meוּבֵינְךָ֖u.vei.ne.KhaH996foreverעַד־ עוֹלָֽם׃ ס'ad- o.LamH5704H5769.”
24So Davidדָּוִ֖דda.VidH1732hidוַיִּסָּתֵ֥רvai.yi.sa.TerH5641in the fieldבַּשָּׂדֶ֑הba.sa.DehH7704,and when the New Moonהַחֹ֔דֶשׁha.Cho.deshH2320had comeוַיְהִ֣יvay.HiH1961,the kingהַמֶּ֛לֶךְ הַלֶּ֖חֶםha.Me.lekh ha.Le.chemH4428H5921H3899sat downוַיֵּ֧שֶׁבvai.Ye.shevH3427to eatלֶאֱכֽוֹל׃le.'e.KholH398.
Commentaries on 1 Samuel 20
- Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
- Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
- Matthew Henry Concise Commentary
- Tyndale Open Study Notes
- Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary
- Rashi on Tanakh
- Keil & Delitzsch Commentary
- John Wesley’s Notes
- Darby Translation Notes
- Geneva Bible Translation Notes
- Kingcomments
- Matthew Henry’s Complete Commentary
- Matthew Henry’s Modern English Commentary
- Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary
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Commentaries