New American Standard Bible 1995
Deuteronomy 31
Moses’ Last Counsel
2And he saidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559to them, “I ama hundredמֵאָה֩me.'AhH3967and twentyוְעֶשְׂרִ֨יםve.'es.RimH6242yearsשָׁנָ֤הsha.NahH8141oldבֶּן־ben-H1121todayהַיּ֔וֹםhai.YomH3117;I am noH3808longerע֖וֹדodH5750ableאוּכַ֥ל'u.KhalH3201to comeלָצֵ֣אתla.TzetH3318and goוְלָב֑וֹאve.la.Vo'H935,and the Lordוַֽיהוָה֙va.Yah.wehH3068has saidאָמַ֣ר'a.MarH559to me, ‘You shall not crossתַעֲבֹ֖רta.'a.VorH5674thisהַזֶּֽה׃ha.ZehH2088Jordanהַיַּרְדֵּ֥ןhai.yar.DenH3383.’
3It is the Lordיְהוָ֨הYah.wehH3068your Godאֱלֹהֶ֜יךָ'e.lo.Hei.khaH430who will crossעֹבֵ֣ר'o.VerH5674aheadלְפָנֶ֗יךָle.fa.Nei.khaH6440of you; He will destroyיַשְׁמִ֞ידyash.MidH8045theseהָאֵ֛לֶּהha.'E.lehH428nationsהַגּוֹיִ֥םha.go.YimH1471beforeמִלְּפָנֶ֖יךָmi.le.fa.Nei.khaH6440you, and you shall dispossessוִֽירִשְׁתָּ֑םvi.rish.TamH3423them.Joshuaיְהוֹשֻׁ֗עַye.ho.Shu.a'H3091is the one who will crossעֹבֵ֣ר'o.VerH5674aheadלְפָנֶ֔יךָle.fa.Nei.khaH6440of you, justH3512as the Lordיְהוָֽה׃Yah.wehH3068has spokenדִּבֶּ֥רdi.BerH1696.
4The Lordיְהוָה֙Yah.wehH3068will doוְעָשָׂ֤הve.'a.SahH6213to them justH3512as He didעָשָׂ֗ה'a.SahH6213to Sihonלְסִיח֥וֹןle.si.ChonH5511and Ogוּלְע֛וֹגu.le.'ogH5747,the kingsמַלְכֵ֥יmal.KheiH4428of the Amoritesהָאֱמֹרִ֖יha.'e.mo.RiH567,and to their landוּלְאַרְצָ֑םu.le.'ar.TzamH776,whenH834He destroyedהִשְׁמִ֖ידhish.MidH8045them.
5The Lordיְהוָ֖הYah.wehH3068will deliverוּנְתָנָ֥םu.ne.ta.NamH5414them up beforeלִפְנֵיכֶ֑םlif.nei.KhemH6440you, and you shall doוַעֲשִׂיתֶ֣םva.'a.si.TemH6213to them according to allכְּכָל־ke.khol-H3605the commandmentsהַמִּצְוָ֔הha.mitz.VahH4687whichאֲשֶׁ֥ר'a.SherH834I have commandedצִוִּ֖יתִיtzi.Vi.tiH6680you.
6Be strongחִזְק֣וּchiz.KuH2388and courageousוְאִמְצ֔וּve.'im.TzuH553,do not be afraidתִּֽירְא֥וּti.re.'UH3372or trembleתַּעַרְצ֖וּta.'ar.TzuH6206at them, forthe Lordיְהוָ֣הYah.wehH3068your Godאֱלֹהֶ֗יךָ'e.lo.Hei.khaH430is the one who goesהַהֹלֵ֣ךְha.ho.LekhH1980with you.He will not failיַרְפְּךָ֖yar.pe.KhaH7503you or forsakeיַעַזְבֶֽךָּ׃ פya.'az.Ve.kaH5800you.”
7Then Mosesמֹשֶׁ֜הmo.ShehH4872calledוַיִּקְרָ֨אvai.yik.Ra'H7121to Joshuaלִֽיהוֹשֻׁ֗עַli.ho.Shu.a'H3091and saidוַיֹּ֨אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559to him in the sightלְעֵינֵ֣יle.'ei.NeiH5869of allכָל־khol-H3605Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֘לYis.ra.'ElH3478, “Be strongחֲזַ֣קcha.ZakH2388and courageousוֶאֱמָץ֒ve.'e.MatzH553,for you shall goתָּבוֹא֙ta.Vo'H935with thisהַזֶּ֔הha.ZehH2088peopleהָעָ֣םha.'AmH5971into the landהָאָ֕רֶץha.'A.retzH776whichאֲשֶׁ֨ר'a.SherH834the Lordיְהוָ֛הYah.wehH3068has swornנִשְׁבַּ֧עnish.Ba'H7650to their fathersלַאֲבֹתָ֖םla.'a.vo.TamH1to giveלָתֵ֣תla.TetH5414them, and you shall giveתַּנְחִילֶ֥נָּהtan.chi.Le.nahH5157it to them as an inheritanceH5157.
9So Mosesמֹשֶׁה֮mo.ShehH4872wroteוַיִּכְתֹּ֣בvai.yikh.ToH3789thisH2088lawהַתּוֹרָ֣הha.to.RahH8451and gaveוַֽיִּתְּנָ֗הּvai.yi.te.NahH5414it to the priestsהַכֹּהֲנִים֙ha.ko.ha.NimH3548,the sonsבְּנֵ֣יbe.NeiH1121of LeviH3878who carriedהַנֹּ֣שְׂאִ֔יםha.No.se.'ImH5375the arkאֲר֖וֹן'a.RonH727of the covenantבְּרִ֣יתbe.RitH1285of the Lordיְהוָ֑הYah.wehH3068,and to allכָּל־kol-H3605the eldersזִקְנֵ֖יzik.NeiH2205of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃Yis.ra.'ElH3478.
10Then Mosesמֹשֶׁ֖הmo.ShehH4872commandedוַיְצַ֥וvay.TzavH6680them, sayingלֵאמֹ֑רle.MorH559, “At the endמִקֵּ֣ץ׀mi.KetzH7093of everysevenשֶׁ֣בַעShe.va'H7651yearsשָׁנִ֗יםsha.NimH8141,at the timeבְּמֹעֵ֛דbe.mo.'EdH4150ofthe yearשְׁנַ֥תshe.NatH8141of remissionהַשְּׁמִטָּ֖הha.she.mi.TahH8059of debts, at theFeastבְּחַ֥גbe.ChagH2282of Boothsהַסֻּכּֽוֹת׃ha.su.KotH5521,
11when allכָל־khol-H3605Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֗לYis.ra.'ElH3478comesבְּב֣וֹאbe.Vo'H935to appearלֵרָאוֹת֙le.ra.'OtH7200beforeפְּנֵי֙pe.NeiH6440the Lordיְהוָ֣הYah.wehH3068your Godאֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ'e.lo.Hei.khaH430atthe placeבַּמָּק֖וֹםba.ma.KomH4725whichאֲשֶׁ֣ר'a.SherH834He will chooseיִבְחָ֑רyiv.CharH977,you shall readתִּקְרָ֞אtik.Ra'H7121thisH2088lawהַתּוֹרָ֥הha.to.RahH8451in frontנֶ֥גֶדNe.gedH5048of allכָּל־kol-H3605Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֖לYis.ra.'ElH3478in their hearingבְּאָזְנֵיהֶֽם׃be.'a.ze.nei.HemH241.
12Assembleהַקְהֵ֣לhak.HelH6950the peopleהָעָ֗םha.'AmH5971,the menH376and the womenוְהַנָּשִׁים֙ve.ha.na.ShimH802and childrenוְהַטַּ֔ףve.ha.TafH2945andthe alienוְגֵרְךָ֖ve.ge.re.KhaH1616whoאֲשֶׁ֣ר'a.SherH834is in yourtownבִּשְׁעָרֶ֑יךָbish.'a.Rei.khaH8179,soH4616that they may hearיִשְׁמְע֜וּyish.me.'UH8085andlearnיִלְמְד֗וּyil.me.DuH3925and fearוְיָֽרְאוּ֙ve.ya.re.'UH3372the Lordיְהוָ֣הYah.wehH3068your Godאֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֔ם'e.lo.hei.KhemH430,and be carefulוְשָֽׁמְר֣וּve.sha.me.RuH8104to observeלַעֲשׂ֔וֹתla.'a.SotH6213allכָּל־kol-H3605the wordsדִּבְרֵ֖יdiv.ReiH1697of thisH2088lawהַתּוֹרָ֥הha.to.RahH8451.
13Their childrenוּבְנֵיהֶ֞םu.ve.nei.HemH1121,whoH834have not knownיָדְע֗וּya.de.'UH3045,will hearיִשְׁמְעוּ֙yish.me.'UH8085and learnוְלָ֣מְד֔וּve.La.me.DuH3925to fearלְיִרְאָ֖הle.yir.'AhH3372the Lordיְהוָ֣הYah.wehH3068your Godאֱלֹהֵיכֶ֑ם'e.lo.hei.KhemH430,as longכָּל־ הַיָּמִ֗יםkol- hai.ya.MimH3605H3117as you liveחַיִּים֙chai.YimH2416on the landהָ֣אֲדָמָ֔הha.'a.da.MahH127whichH834you are about to crossעֹבְרִ֧ים'oe.RimH5674the Jordanהַיַּרְדֵּ֛ןhai.yar.DenH3383topossessלְרִשְׁתָּֽהּ׃ פle.rish.TahH3423.”
Israel Will Fall Away
14Then the Lordיְהוָ֜הYah.wehH3068saidוַיֹּ֨אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559to Mosesמֹשֶׁ֗הmo.ShehH4872, “Beholdהֵ֣ןhenH2005,the timeיָמֶיךָ֮ya.mei.KhaH3117for you to dieלָמוּת֒la.MutH4191is nearקָרְב֣וּka.re.VuH7126;callקְרָ֣אke.Ra'H7121Joshuaיְהוֹשֻׁ֗עַye.ho.Shu.a'H3091,and presentוְהִֽתְיַצְּב֛וּve.hit.ya.tze.VuH3320yourselves at the tentבְּאֹ֥הֶלbe.'O.helH168of meetingמוֹעֵ֖דmo.'EdH4150,that I may commissionוַאֲצַוֶּ֑נּוּva.'a.tzav.Ve.nuH6680him.”So Mosesמֹשֶׁה֙mo.ShehH4872and Joshuaוִֽיהוֹשֻׁ֔עַvi.ho.Shu.a'H3091wentוַיֵּ֤לֶךְvai.Ye.lekhH1980and presentedוַיִּֽתְיַצְּב֖וּvai.yit.ya.tze.VuH3320themselves at the tentבְּאֹ֥הֶלbe.'O.helH168of meetingמוֹעֵֽד׃mo.'EdH4150.
15The Lordיְהוָ֛הYah.wehH3068appearedוַיֵּרָ֧אvai.ye.Ra'H7200in the tentבָּאֹ֖הֶלba.'O.helH168in a pillarבְּעַמּ֣וּדbe.'a.MudH5982of cloudעָנָ֑ן'a.NanH6051,and the pillarעַמּ֥וּד'a.MudH5982of cloudהֶעָנָ֖ןhe.'a.NanH6051stoodוַיַּעֲמֹ֛דvai.ya.'a.ModH5975at the doorwayפֶּ֥תַחPe.tachH6607of the tentהָאֹֽהֶל׃ סha.'O.helH168.
16The Lordיְהוָה֙Yah.wehH3068saidוַיֹּ֤אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559to Mosesמֹשֶׁ֔הmo.ShehH4872, “Beholdהִנְּךָ֥hi.ne.KhaH2009,you are about to lieשֹׁכֵ֖בsho.KhevH7901downH7901with your fathersאֲבֹתֶ֑יךָ'a.vo.Tei.khaH1; andthisהַזֶּ֜הha.ZehH2088peopleהָעָ֨םha.'AmH5971will ariseוְקָם֩ve.KamH6965and playH2181the harlotH2181with the strangeנֵֽכַר־ne.khar-H5236godsאֱלֹהֵ֣י'e.lo.HeiH430of the landהָאָ֗רֶץha.'A.retzH776,into the midstבְּקִרְבּ֔וֹbe.kir.BoH7130of whichאֲשֶׁ֨ר'a.SherH834they are goingבָא־va'-H935, andwill forsakeוַעֲזָבַ֕נִיva.'a.za.Va.niH5800Me and breakוְהֵפֵר֙ve.he.FerH6565My covenantבְּרִיתִ֔יbe.ri.TiH1285whichאֲשֶׁ֥ר'a.SherH834I have madeכָּרַ֖תִּיka.Ra.tiH3772with them.
17Then My angerאַפִּ֣י'a.PiH639will be kindledוְחָרָ֣הve.cha.RahH2734against them in that dayבַיּוֹם־vai.yom-H3117, andI will forsakeוַעֲזַבְתִּ֞יםva.'a.zav.TimH5800them andhideוְהִסְתַּרְתִּ֨יve.his.tar.TiH5641My faceפָנַ֤יfa.NaiH6440from them, and they will be consumedלֶֽאֱכֹ֔לle.'e.KholH398,and manyרַבּ֖וֹתra.BotH7227evilsH7463and troublesוְצָר֑וֹתve.tza.RotH6869will comeוּמְצָאֻ֛הוּu.me.tza.'U.huH4672upon them; so that they will sayוְאָמַר֙ve.'a.MarH559in that dayבַּיּ֣וֹםbai.YomH3117, ‘Is it not becauseעַ֣ל כִּֽי־'al ki-H5921H3588our Godאֱלֹהַי֙'e.lo.HaiH430is not amongבְּקִרְבִּ֔יbe.kir.BiH7130us that theseהָאֵֽלֶּה׃ha.'E.lehH428evilsH7463have comeמְצָא֖וּנִיme.tza.'U.niH4672upon us?’
18But I will surelyהַסְתֵּ֨רhas.TerH5641hideאַסְתִּ֤יר'as.TirH5641My faceפָּנַי֙pa.NaiH6440in that dayבַּיּ֣וֹםbai.YomH3117becauseעַ֥ל'alH5921of allכָּל־kol-H3605the evilH7463whichאֲשֶׁ֣ר'a.SherH834they will doעָשָׂ֑ה'a.SahH6213,for they will turnפָנָ֔הfa.NahH6437to otherאֲחֵרִֽים׃'a.che.RimH312godsאֱלֹהִ֖ים'E.lo.HimH430.
19“Nowוְעַתָּ֗הve.'a.TahH6258therefore,writeכִּתְב֤וּkit.VuH3789thisH2088songהַשִּׁירָ֣הha.shi.RahH7892for yourselves, and teachוְלַמְּדָ֥הּve.la.me.DahH3925it to the sonsבְּנֵי־be.nei-H1121of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֖לYis.ra.'ElH3478;putשִׂימָ֣הּsi.MahH7760iton their lipsבְּפִיהֶ֑םbe.fi.HemH6310,soלְמַ֨עַןle.Ma.'anH4616that thisH2088songהַשִּׁירָ֥הha.shi.RahH7892may be a witnessלְעֵ֖דle.'EdH5707for Me against the sonsבִּבְנֵ֥יbiv.NeiH1121of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃Yis.ra.'ElH3478.
20For when I bringאֲבִיאֶ֜נּוּ'a.vi.'E.nuH935them into the landהָאֲדָמָ֣ה׀ha.'a.da.MahH127flowingזָבַ֤תza.VatH2100with milkחָלָב֙cha.LavH2461and honeyוּדְבַ֔שׁu.de.VashH1706,whichאֲשֶׁר־'a.Sher-H834I sworeנִשְׁבַּ֣עְתִּיnish.Ba'.tiH7650to their fathersלַאֲבֹתָ֗יוla.'a.vo.TavH1,and they have eatenוְאָכַ֥לve.'a.KhalH398and are satisfiedוְשָׂבַ֖עve.sa.Va'H7646andbecomeH1878prosperousH1878,then they will turnוּפָנָ֞הu.fa.NahH6437to otherאֲחֵרִים֙'a.che.RimH312godsאֱלֹהִ֤ים'E.lo.HimH430and serveוַעֲבָד֔וּםva.'a.va.DumH5647them, and spurnוְנִ֣אֲצ֔וּנִיve.Ni.'a.Tzu.niH5006Me and breakוְהֵפֵ֖רve.he.FerH6565My covenantבְּרִיתִֽי׃be.ri.TiH1285.
21Then it shall comeוְ֠הָיָהVe.ha.yahH1961about,whenH3588manyרַבּוֹת֮ra.bOtH7227evilsH7463and troublesוְצָרוֹת֒ve.tza.rOtH6869have comeתִמְצֶ֨אןָtim.Tze.naH4672upon them, that thisH2088songהַשִּׁירָ֨הha.shi.RahH7892will testifyוְ֠עָנְתָהVe.'a.ne.tahH6030beforeלְפָנָיו֙le.fa.NavH6440them as a witnessלְעֵ֔דle.'EdH5707(for it shall not be forgottenתִשָּׁכַ֖חti.sha.KhachH7911from thelipsמִפִּ֣יmi.PiH6310of their descendantsזַרְע֑וֹzar.'OH2233); forI knowיָדַ֣עְתִּיya.Da'.tiH3045their intentיִצְר֗וֹyitz.RoH3336whichאֲשֶׁ֨ר'a.SherH834they aredevelopingעֹשֶׂה֙'o.SehH6213todayהַיּ֔וֹםhai.YomH3117,beforeבְּטֶ֣רֶםbe.Te.remH2962I have broughtאֲבִיאֶ֔נּוּ'a.vi.'E.nuH935them into the landהָאָ֖רֶץha.'A.retzH776whichאֲשֶׁ֥ר'a.SherH834I sworeנִשְׁבָּֽעְתִּי׃nish.Ba.'e.tiH7650.”
Joshua Is Commissioned
23Then He commissionedוַיְצַ֞וvay.TzavH6680Joshuaיְהוֹשֻׁ֣עַye.ho.Shu.a'H3091the sonבִּן־bin-H1121of Nunנ֗וּןNunH5126,and saidוַיֹּאמֶר֮vai.yo.MerH559, “Be strongחֲזַ֣קcha.ZakH2388and courageousוֶֽאֱמָץ֒ve.'e.MatzH553,for you shall bringתָּבִיא֙ta.Vi'H935the sonsבְּנֵ֣יbe.NeiH1121of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לYis.ra.'ElH3478into the landהָאָ֖רֶץha.'A.retzH776whichאֲשֶׁר־'a.Sher-H834I sworeנִשְׁבַּ֣עְתִּיnish.Ba'.tiH7650to them, and I will be with you.”
26“Takeלָקֹ֗חַla.Ko.achH3947thisהַזֶּ֔הha.ZehH2088bookסֵ֤פֶרSe.ferH5612of the lawהַתּוֹרָה֙ha.to.RahH8451and placeוְשַׂמְתֶּ֣םve.sam.TemH7760it besideמִצַּ֛דmi.TzadH4480H6654the arkאֲר֥וֹן'a.RonH727of the covenantבְּרִית־be.rit-H1285of the Lordיְהוָ֖הYah.wehH3068your Godאֱלֹהֵיכֶ֑ם'e.lo.hei.KhemH430, that it mayremainוְהָֽיָה־ve.ha.yah-H1961thereשָׁ֥םshamH8033as a witnessלְעֵֽד׃le.'EdH5707against you.
27For I knowיָדַ֙עְתִּי֙ya.Da'.tiH3045your rebellionמֶרְיְךָ֔mer.ye.KhaH4805and yourstubbornnessעָרְפְּךָ֖ הַקָּשֶׁ֑ה'a.re.pe.Kha ha.ka.ShehH7186H6203;beholdהֵ֣ןhenH2005,while I am stillבְּעוֹדֶנִּי֩be.'o.de.NiH5750aliveחַ֨יchaiH2416with you todayהַיּ֗וֹםhai.YomH3117,you have beenהֱיִתֶם֙he.yi.TemH1961rebelliousמַמְרִ֤יםmam.RimH4784againstH5973the Lordיְהֹוָ֔הYah.wehH3068;howH637muchכִּ֣יkiH637H3588moreכִּי־ki-H637H3588,then, afterאַחֲרֵ֥י'a.cha.ReiH310my deathמוֹתִֽי׃mo.TiH4194?
28Assembleהַקְהִ֧ילוּhak.Hi.luH6950to me allכָּל־kol-H3605the eldersזִקְנֵ֥יzik.NeiH2205of your tribesשִׁבְטֵיכֶ֖םshiv.tei.KhemH7626and your officersוְשֹׁטְרֵיכֶ֑םve.sho.te.rei.KhemH7860,that I may speakוַאֲדַבְּרָ֣הva.'a.da.be.RahH1696theseהָאֵ֔לֶּהha.'E.lehH428wordsהַדְּבָרִ֣יםha.de.va.RimH1697in their hearingבְאָזְנֵיהֶ֗םve.'a.ze.nei.HemH241andcallוְאָעִ֣ידָהve.'a.'I.dahH5749the heavensהַשָּׁמַ֖יִםha.sha.Ma.yimH8064and the earthהָאָֽרֶץ׃ha.'A.retzH776to witnessH5749against them.
29For I knowיָדַ֗עְתִּיya.Da'.tiH3045that afterאַחֲרֵ֤י'a.cha.ReiH310my deathמוֹתִי֙mo.TiH4194you willactהַשְׁחֵ֣תhash.ChetH7843corruptlyתַּשְׁחִת֔וּןtash.chi.TunH7843and turnוְסַרְתֶּ֣םve.sar.TemH5493from the wayהַדֶּ֔רֶךְha.De.rekhH1870whichאֲשֶׁ֥ר'a.SherH834I have commandedצִוִּ֖יתִיtzi.Vi.tiH6680you; and evilH7463will befallוְקָרָ֨אתve.ka.RatH7122you in the latterבְּאַחֲרִ֣יתbe.'a.cha.RitH319daysהַיָּמִ֔יםhai.ya.MimH3117,for you will doתַעֲשׂ֤וּta.'a.SuH6213that whichהָֽרָעָה֙ha.ra.'AhH7451is evilהָרַע֙ha.Ra'H7451in the sightבְּעֵינֵ֣יbe.'ei.NeiH5869of the Lordיְהוָ֔הYah.wehH3068,provokingלְהַכְעִיס֖וֹle.hakh.'i.SoH3707Him to angerH3707with the workבְּמַעֲשֵׂ֥הbe.ma.'a.SehH4639of your handsיְדֵיכֶֽם׃ye.dei.KhemH3027.”
30Then Mosesמֹשֶׁ֗הmo.ShehH4872spokeוַיְדַבֵּ֣רvay.da.BerH1696in the hearingבְּאָזְנֵי֙be.'a.ze.NeiH241of allכָּל־kol-H3605the assemblyקְהַ֣לke.HalH6951of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לYis.ra.'ElH3478the wordsדִּבְרֵ֥יdiv.ReiH1697of thisH2088songהַשִּׁירָ֖הha.shi.RahH7892,untilעַ֖ד'adH5704they were completeתֻּמָּֽם׃ פtu.MamH8552:
Commentaries on Deuteronomy 31
- Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
- Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
- Matthew Henry Concise Commentary
- Tyndale Open Study Notes
- Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary
- Rashi on Tanakh
- Calvin’s Commentaries
- Keil & Delitzsch Commentary
- John Wesley’s Notes
- Darby Translation Notes
- Geneva Bible Translation Notes
- Kingcomments
- Matthew Henry’s Complete Commentary
- Matthew Henry’s Modern English Commentary
- Scofield Reference Notes, 1917 Edition
- Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary
- EGW Writings
New American Standard Bible 1995 — © 1960–1995 The Lockman Foundation. All rights reserved.
Commentaries