Revised Version 1895

Genesis 38

1And itcameH1961topassH1961at that time, thatJudahיְהוּדָ֖הye.hu.DahH3063wentH3381downוַיֵּ֥רֶדvai.Ye.redH3381from hisbrethrenאֶחָ֑יו'e.ChavH251, andturnedוַיֵּ֛טvai.YetH5186in to acertainH376Adullamiteעֲדֻלָּמִ֖י'a.du.la.MiH5726,whoseH376nameוּשְׁמ֥וֹu.she.MoH8034wasHirahחִירָֽה׃chi.RahH2437.

2AndJudahיְהוּדָ֛הye.hu.DahH3063sawוַיַּרְא־vai.yar'-H7200there adaughterבַּת־bat-H1323of acertainH376Canaaniteכְּנַעֲנִ֖יke.na.'a.NiH3669whoseH376nameוּשְׁמ֣וֹu.she.MoH8034wasShuaשׁ֑וּעַShu.a'H7770; and hetookוַיִּקָּחֶ֖הָvai.yi.ka.Che.haH3947herH413, andwentוַיָּבֹ֥אvai.ya.Vo'H935in untoherH413.

3AndsheH7121conceivedוַתַּ֖הַרva.Ta.harH2029, and bare asonבֵּ֑ןBenH1121; and hecalledוַיִּקְרָ֥אvai.yik.Ra'H7121hisnameשְׁמ֖וֹshe.MoH8034Erעֵֽר׃'ErH6147.

4AndsheH7121conceivedוַתַּ֥הַרva.Ta.harH2029againע֖וֹדodH5750, and bare asonבֵּ֑ןBenH1121; andsheH7121calledוַתִּקְרָ֥אva.tik.Ra'H7121hisnameשְׁמ֖וֹshe.MoH8034Onanאוֹנָֽן׃'o.NanH209.

5AndsheH7121yetagainעוֹד֙'OdH5750bare asonבֵּ֔ןBenH1121, andcalledוַתִּקְרָ֥אva.tik.Ra'H7121hisnameשְׁמ֖וֹshe.MoH8034Shelahשֵׁלָ֑הshe.LahH7956: and he was atChezibבִכְזִ֖יבvikh.ZivH3580, whensheH7121bare him.

6AndJudahיְהוּדָ֛הye.hu.DahH3063tookH3947awifeאִשָּׁ֖ה'i.ShahH802forErלְעֵ֣רle.'ErH6147hisfirstbornבְּכוֹר֑וֹbe.kho.RoH1060, andherH3947nameוּשְׁמָ֖הּu.she.MahH8034wasTamarתָּמָֽר׃ta.MarH8559.

7AndErעֵ֚ר'erH6147,Judah’sיְהוּדָ֔הye.hu.DahH3063firstbornבְּכ֣וֹרbe.KhorH1060, waswickedרַ֖עra'H7451in thesightבְּעֵינֵ֣יbe.'ei.NeiH5869of theLORDיְהוָ֑הYah.wehH3068; and theLORDיְהוָֽה׃Yah.wehH3068slew him.

8AndJudahיְהוּדָה֙ye.hu.DahH3063saidוַיֹּ֤אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559untoOnanלְאוֹנָ֔ןle.'o.NanH209,Goבֹּ֛אbo'H935in unto thybrother’sאָחִ֖יךָ'a.Chi.khaH251wifeאֵ֥שֶׁת'E.shetH802, andperformH2992thedutyH2992of anhusband’sוְיַבֵּ֣םve.ya.BemH2992brotherלְאָחִֽיךָ׃le.'a.Chi.khaH251untoherאֶל־'el-H413, andraiseוְהָקֵ֥םve.ha.KemH6965upH6965seedזֶ֖רַעZe.ra'H2233to thybrotherH251.

9AndOnanאוֹנָ֔ן'o.NanH209knewוַיֵּ֣דַעvai.Ye.da'H3045that theseedהַזָּ֑רַעha.Za.ra'H2233shouldnotלֹּ֥אlo'H3808be his; and itcameH935topassH935, when hewentH935in unto hisbrother’sאָחִיו֙'a.ChivH251wifeאֵ֤שֶׁת'E.shetH802, that he spilled it on thegroundאַ֔רְצָה'Ar.tzahH776, lest he shouldgiveנְתָן־ne.ton-H5414seedזֶ֖רַעZe.ra'H2233to hisbrotherלְאָחִֽיו׃le.'a.ChivH251.

10And the thingwhichאֲשֶׁ֣ר'a.SherH834hedidעָשָׂ֑ה'a.SahH6213wasevilוַיֵּ֛רַעvai.Ye.ra'H7489in thesightבְּעֵינֵ֥יbe.'ei.NeiH5869of theLORDיְהוָ֖הYah.wehH3068: and he slew him also.

11ThensaidH559Judahיְהוּדָה֩ye.hu.DahH3063toTamarלְתָמָ֨רle.ta.MarH8559hisdaughterH1004in law,Remainשְׁבִ֧יshe.ViH3427awidowאַלְמָנָ֣ה'al.ma.NahH490in thyfather’sאָבִ֗יךְ'a.VikhH1houseבֵית־veit-H1004,tillH5704Shelahשֵׁלָ֣הshe.LahH7956mysonבְנִ֔יve.NiH1121begrownיִגְדַּל֙yig.DalH1431upH5704: for hesaidH559,Lestפֶּן־pen-H6435he alsodieיָמ֥וּתya.MutH4191, like hisbrethrenכְּאֶחָ֑יוke.'e.ChavH251. AndTamarתָּמָ֔רta.MarH8559wentH1004anddweltוַתֵּ֖שֶׁבva.Te.shevH3427inherH559father’sאָבִֽיהָ׃'a.Vi.haH1houseבֵּ֥יתbeitH1004.

12And in process of time Shua’sdaughterבַּת־bat-H1323, thewifeאֵֽשֶׁת־'e.shet-H802ofJudahיְהוּדָ֑הye.hu.DahH3063,diedוַתָּ֖מָתva.Ta.motH4191; andJudahיְהוּדָ֗הye.hu.DahH3063wascomfortedוַיִּנָּ֣חֶםvai.yi.Na.chemH5162, andwentH5927upH5927unto hissheepshearersגֹּֽזֲזֵ֤יgo.za.ZeiH1494toTimnahתִּמְנָֽתָה׃tim.Na.tahH8553, he and hisfriendרֵעֵ֥הוּre.'E.huH7453Hirahוְחִירָ֛הve.chi.RahH2437theAdullamiteהָעֲדֻלָּמִ֖יha.'a.du.la.MiH5726.

13And it wastoldוַיֻּגַּ֥דvai.yu.GadH5046Tamarלְתָמָ֖רle.ta.MarH8559,sayingלֵאמֹ֑רle.MorH559,Beholdהִנֵּ֥הhi.NehH2009, thy father in law goethupעֹלֶ֥ה'o.LehH5927toTimnahתִמְנָ֖תָהtim.Na.tahH8553toshearלָגֹ֥זla.GozH1494hissheepצֹאנֽוֹ׃tzo.NoH6629.

14AndsheH1931putH5414offH5921fromherH5921thegarmentsבִּגְדֵ֨יbig.DeiH899ofherH5921widowhoodאַלְמְנוּתָ֜הּ'al.me.nu.TahH491, andcoveredוַתְּכַ֤סva.te.KhasH3680herselfH1931withherH5921veilבַּצָּעִיף֙ba.tza.'IfH6809, andwrappedוַתִּתְעַלָּ֔ףva.tit.'a.LafH5968herselfH1931, andsatוַתֵּ֙שֶׁב֙va.Te.shevH3427in thegateבְּפֶ֣תַחbe.Fe.tachH6607of Enaim,whichאֲשֶׁ֖ר'a.SherH834is by thewayדֶּ֣רֶךְDe.rekhH1870toTimnahתִּמְנָ֑תָהtim.Na.tahH8553; forsheH1931sawH7200thatShelahשֵׁלָ֔הshe.LahH7956wasgrownגָדַ֣לga.DalH1431upH7200, andsheH1931wasnotלֹֽא־lo'-H3808givenH5414unto him towifeלְאִשָּֽׁה׃le.'i.ShahH802.

15WhenJudahיְהוּדָ֔הye.hu.DahH3063sawH7200herH7200, hethoughtוַֽיַּחְשְׁבֶ֖הָvai.yach.she.Ve.haH2803herH7200to be anharlotלְזוֹנָ֑הle.zo.NahH2181; forsheכִּ֥יkiH3588hadcoveredכִסְּתָ֖הkhi.se.TahH3680herH7200faceפָּנֶֽיהָ׃pa.Nei.haH6440.

16And heturnedוַיֵּ֨טvai.YetH5186untoherאֵלֶ֜יהָ'e.Lei.haH413by thewayהַדֶּ֗רֶךְha.De.rekhH1870, andsaidוַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙vai.Yo.merH559,Goאָב֣וֹא'a.Vo'H935to, IprayH4994thee,letH4994meאֶל־'el-H413comeתָב֖וֹאta.Vo'H935in unto thee: for heknewיָדַ֔עya.Da'H3045notלֹ֣אlo'H3808thatsheH1931was his daughter in law. AndsheH1931saidוַתֹּ֙אמֶר֙va.To.merH559,Whatמַה־mah-H4100wilt thougiveתִּתֶּן־ti.ten-H5414meאֵלַ֔יִךְ'e.La.yikhH413, that thou mayestcomeH935in untomeאֵלָֽי׃'e.LaiH413?

17And hesaidוַיֹּ֕אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559, I willsendאֲשַׁלַּ֥ח'a.sha.LachH7971thee a kid of thegoatsעִזִּ֖ים'i.ZimH5795from theflockהַצֹּ֑אןha.TzonH6629. Andsheאִם־'im-H518saidוַתֹּ֕אמֶרva.To.merH559, Wilt thougiveתִּתֵּ֥ןti.TenH5414meH5414apledgeעֵרָב֖וֹןe.ra.VonH6162,tillעַ֥ד'adH5704thousendשָׁלְחֶֽךָ׃shal.Che.khaH7971it?

18And hesaidוַיֹּ֗אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559,Whatמָ֣הmahH4100pledgeהָֽעֵרָבוֹן֮ha.'e.ra.VonH6162shall Igiveאֶתֶּן־'e.ten-H5414thee? Andsheאֲשֶׁ֣ר'a.SherH834saidוַתֹּ֗אמֶרva.To.merH559, Thysignetחֹתָֽמְךָ֙cho.ta.me.KhaH2368and thycordוּפְתִילֶ֔ךָu.fe.ti.Le.khaH6616, and thystaffוּמַטְּךָ֖u.ma.te.KhaH4294that is in thinehandבְּיָדֶ֑ךָbe.ya.De.khaH3027. And hegaveוַיִּתֶּן־vai.yi.ten-H5414them toherH413, andcameוַיָּבֹ֥אvai.ya.Vo'H935in untoherH413, andsheאֲשֶׁ֣ר'a.SherH834conceivedוַתַּ֥הַרva.Ta.harH2029by him.

19AndsheH6965aroseH6965, andwentH6965awayוַתָּ֥סַרva.Ta.sarH5493, andputוַתִּלְבַּ֖שׁva.til.BashH3847offH5921herH5921veilצְעִיפָ֖הּtze.'i.FahH6809fromherH5921, andputH3847on thegarmentsבִּגְדֵ֥יbig.DeiH899ofherH5921widowhoodאַלְמְנוּתָֽהּ׃'al.me.nu.TahH491.

20AndJudahיְהוּדָ֜הye.hu.DahH3063sentH7971the kid of thegoatsהָֽעִזִּ֗יםha.'i.ZimH5795by thehandבְּיַד֙be.YadH3027of hisfriendרֵעֵ֣הוּre.'E.huH7453theAdullamiteהָֽעֲדֻלָּמִ֔יha.'a.du.la.MiH5726, toreceiveלָקַ֥חַתla.Ka.chatH3947thepledgeהָעֵרָב֖וֹןha.'e.ra.VonH6162from thewoman’sהָאִשָּׁ֑הha.'i.ShahH802handמִיַּ֣דmi.YadH3027: but hefoundמְצָאָֽהּ׃me.tza.'AhH4672herH7971notוְלֹ֖אve.Lo'H3808.

21Then heaskedוַיִּשְׁאַ֞לvai.yish.'AlH7592themenH376ofherעַל־'al-H5921placeמְקֹמָהּ֙me.ko.MahH4725,sayingלֵאמֹ֔רle.MorH559,Whereאַיֵּ֧ה'ai.YehH346is the harlot, that was at Enaim by thewayהַדָּ֑רֶךְha.Da.rekhH1870sideH2088? And theysaidוַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּvai.Yo.me.RuH559, There hath beennoלֹא־lo'-H3808harlothereH2088.

22And hereturnedוַיָּ֙שָׁב֙vai.Ya.shovH7725toJudahיְהוּדָ֔הye.hu.DahH3063, andsaidוַיֹּ֖אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559, I havenotלֹ֣אlo'H3808foundמְצָאתִ֑יהָme.tza.Ti.haH4672herאֶל־'el-H413; and also themenH376of theplaceהַמָּקוֹם֙ha.ma.kOmH4725saidאָֽמְר֔וּ'a.me.RuH559, There hath beennoלֹא־lo'-H3808harlothereבָזֶ֖הva.ZehH2088.

23AndJudahיְהוּדָה֙ye.hu.DahH3063saidוַיֹּ֤אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559,LetH7971herH7971takeתִּֽקַּֽח־ti.kach-H3947it toherH7971,lestפֶּ֖ןpenH6435weH6435beputH7971to shame:beholdהִנֵּ֤הhi.NehH2009, IsentH7971this kid, and thou hastnotלֹ֥אlo'H3808foundמְצָאתָֽהּ׃me.tza.TahH4672herH7971.

24And itcameH1961topassH1961aboutH1961threeכְּמִשְׁלֹ֣שׁke.mish.LoshH7969monthsחֳדָשִׁ֗יםcho.da.ShimH2320afterH1961, that it wastoldH5046Judahלִֽיהוּדָ֤הli.hu.DahH3063,sayingלֵֽאמֹר֙le.MorH559,Tamarתָּמָ֣רta.MarH8559thy daughter in law hathplayedH2181theharlotH2181; andmoreoverוְגַ֛םve.GamH1571,beholdהִנֵּ֥הhi.NehH2009,sheH2320is withchildהָרָ֖הha.RahH2030by whoredom. AndJudahיְהוּדָ֔הye.hu.DahH3063saidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559,Bringהוֹצִיא֖וּהָho.tzi.'U.haH3318herH5046forthH3318, andletH1961herH5046beburntוְתִשָּׂרֵֽף׃ve.ti.sa.RefH8313.

25WhensheH1931wasbroughtH3318forthH3318,sheH1931sentשָׁלְחָ֤הshal.ChahH7971toherאֶל־'el-H413father in law,sayingלֵאמֹ֔רle.MorH559, By themanלְאִישׁ֙le.'IshH376,whoseH834theseאֵ֣לֶּה'E.lehH428are, am I withchildהָרָ֑הha.RahH2030: andsheH1931saidוַתֹּ֙אמֶר֙va.To.merH559,Discernהַכֶּר־ha.ker-H5234, Iprayנָ֔אNa'H4994thee,whoseH834aretheseהָאֵֽלֶּה׃ha.'E.lehH428, the signet, and thecordsוְהַפְּתִילִ֛יםve.ha.pe.ti.LimH6616, and thestaffוְהַמַּטֶּ֖הve.ham.ma.TehH4294.

26AndJudahיְהוּדָ֗הye.hu.DahH3063acknowledgedH3045them, andsaidוַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙vai.Yo.merH559,Sheכִּֽי־ki-H3588ismoreמִמֶּ֔נִּיmi.Me.niH4480righteousצָֽדְקָ֣הtza.de.KahH6663thanH4480I; forasmuch as Igaveנְתַתִּ֖יהָne.ta.Ti.haH5414herH5921notלֹא־lo'-H3808toShelahלְשֵׁלָ֣הle.she.LahH7956mysonבְנִ֑יve.NiH1121. And heknewלְדַעְתָּֽה׃le.da'.TahH3045herH5921againע֖וֹדodH5750noוְלֹֽא־ve.lo'-H3808moreH4480.

27And itcameH1961topassH1961in the time ofherH1961travail, that,beholdוְהִנֵּ֥הve.hi.NehH2009,twinsתְאוֹמִ֖יםte.'o.MimH8380were inherH1961wombבְּבִטְנָֽהּ׃be.vit.NahH990.

28And itcameH1961topassH1961, when she travailed, that oneputוַיִּתֶּן־vai.yi.ten-H5414outH3318ahandיָ֑דYadH3027: and themidwifeH3205tookוַתִּקַּ֣חva.ti.KachH3947andboundוַתִּקְשֹׁ֨רva.tik.ShorH7194uponעַל־'al-H5921hishandיָד֤וֹya.DoH3027ascarletשָׁנִי֙sha.NiH8144thread,sayingלֵאמֹ֔רle.MorH559, ThiscameH1961outH3318firstרִאשֹׁנָֽה׃ri.sho.NahH7223.

29And itcameH1961topassH1961, as hedrewH7725backH7725hishandיָד֗וֹya.DoH3027, that,beholdוְהִנֵּה֙ve.hi.NehH2009, hisbrotherאָחִ֔יו'a.ChivH251cameH1961outיָצָ֣אya.Tza'H3318: andsheH7121saidוַתֹּ֕אמֶרva.To.merH559, Wherefore hast thoumadeH1961abreachפָּ֑רֶץPa.retzH6556for thyself? therefore hisnameשְׁמ֖וֹshe.MoH8034wascalledוַיִּקְרָ֥אvai.yik.Ra'H7121Perezפָּֽרֶץ׃Pa.retzH6557.

30Andafterwardוְאַחַר֙ve.'a.CharH310cameH3318outH3318hisbrotherאָחִ֔יו'a.ChivH251, that had thescarletהַשָּׁנִ֑יha.sha.NiH8144threaduponעַל־'al-H5921hishandיָד֖וֹya.DoH3027: and hisnameשְׁמ֖וֹshe.MoH8034wascalledוַיִּקְרָ֥אvai.yik.Ra'H7121Zerahזָֽרַח׃ סZa.rachH2226.

Commentaries on Genesis 38

Revised Version 1895 — 1895 — Public Domain