Revised Version 1895

1 Samuel 23

1And theytoldוַיַּגִּ֥דוּvai.ya.Gi.duH5046Davidלְדָוִ֖דle.da.VidH1732,sayingלֵאמֹ֑רle.MorH559,Beholdהִנֵּ֤הhi.NehH2009, thePhilistinesפְלִשְׁתִּים֙fe.lish.TimH6430arefightingנִלְחָמִ֣יםnil.cha.MimH3898againstH3898Keilahבִּקְעִילָ֔הbik.'i.LahH7084, and they rob the threshing-floors.

2ThereforeDavidדָּוִ֤דda.VidH1732inquiredוַיִּשְׁאַ֨לvai.yish.'AlH7592of theLORDבַּֽיהוָה֙ba.Yah.wehH3068,sayingלֵאמֹ֔רle.MorH559, Shall I go andsmiteוְהִכֵּ֔יתִיve.hi.Kei.tiH5221theseהָאֵ֑לֶּה סha.'E.lehH428Philistinesבַּפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖יםba.pe.lish.TimH6430? And theLORDיְהוָ֜הYah.wehH3068saidוַיֹּ֨אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559untoDavidדָּוִ֗דda.VidH1732, Go, andsmiteוְהִכִּ֣יתָve.hi.Ki.taH5221thePhilistinesבַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔יםva.pe.lish.TimH6430, andsaveוְהוֹשַׁעְתָּ֖ve.ho.sha'.TaH3467Keilahקְעִילָֽה׃ke.'i.LahH7084.

3AndDavid’sדָוִד֙da.VidH1732menH376saidוַיֹּ֨אמְר֜וּvai.Yo.me.RuH559unto him,BeholdH2009,weH587beafraidH3372hereפֹ֛הfohH6311inJudahבִּֽיהוּדָ֖הbi.hu.DahH3063:howH637muchH637moreH637thenifכִּֽי־ki-H3588weH587goH2009toKeilahקְעִלָ֔הke.'i.LahH7084againstH413thearmiesמַֽעַרְכ֖וֹתma.'ar.KhotH4634of thePhilistinesפְּלִשְׁתִּֽים׃ סpe.lish.TimH6430?

4ThenDavidדָּוִד֙da.VidH1732inquiredלִשְׁאֹ֣לlish.'OlH7592of theLORDבַּֽיהוָ֔ה סba.Yah.wehH3068yetagainע֤וֹדodH5750. And theLORDיְהוָ֑הYah.wehH3068answeredH559him andsaidH559,Ariseק֚וּםkumH6965,goרֵ֣דredH3381downH3381toKeilahקְעִילָ֔הke.'i.LahH7084; for I willdeliverנֹתֵ֛ןno.TenH5414thePhilistinesפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖יםpe.lish.TimH6430intoH3027thinehandבְּיָדֶֽךָ׃be.ya.De.khaH3027.

5AndDavidדָּוִד֩da.VidH1732and hismenH376wentH376toKeilahקְעִילָ֜הke.'i.LahH7084, andfoughtוַיִּלָּ֣חֶםvai.yi.La.chemH3898with thePhilistinesבַּפְּלִשְׁתִּ֗יםba.pe.lish.TimH6430, andbroughtH3467awayוַיִּנְהַג֙vai.yin.HagH5090theircattleמִקְנֵיהֶ֔םmik.nei.HemH4735, andslewוַיַּ֥ךְvai.YakhH5221therewith agreatגְדוֹלָ֑הge.do.LahH1419slaughterמַכָּ֣הma.KahH4347.SoH3427Davidדָּוִ֔דda.VidH1732savedH3467theinhabitantsיֹשְׁבֵ֥יyo.she.VeiH3427ofKeilahקְעִילָֽה׃ סke.'i.LahH7084.

6And itcameH1961topassH1961, whenAbiatharאֶבְיָתָ֧ר'ev.ya.TarH54thesonבֶּן־ben-H1121ofAhimelechאֲחִימֶ֛לֶךְ'a.chi.Me.lekhH288fledבִּ֠בְרֹחַBiv.ro.achH1272toDavidדָּוִ֖דda.VidH1732toKeilahקְעִילָ֑הke.'i.LahH7084, that hecameH1961downיָרַ֥דya.RadH3381with anephodאֵפ֖וֹד'e.FodH646in hishandבְּיָדֽוֹ׃be.ya.DoH3027.

7And it wastoldוַיֻּגַּ֣דvai.yu.GadH5046Saulלְשָׁא֔וּלle.sha.'UlH7586thatDavidדָוִ֖דda.VidH1732wascomeH935toKeilahקְעִילָ֑הke.'i.LahH7084. AndSaulשָׁא֗וּלsha.'UlH7586saidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559,Godאֱלֹהִים֙'E.lo.HimH430hathdeliveredH5462himintoH935minehandבְּיָדִ֔יbe.ya.DiH3027; for he isshutנִסְגַּ֣רnis.GarH5462in, byenteringH935intoH935atownבְּעִ֖ירbe.'IrH5892that hathgatesדְּלָתַ֥יִםde.la.Ta.yimH1817andbarsוּבְרִֽיחַ׃u.ve.Ri.achH1280.

8AndSaulשָׁא֛וּלsha.'UlH7586summonedוַיְשַׁמַּ֥עvay.sha.Ma'H8085allכָּל־kol-H3605thepeopleהָעָ֖םha.'AmH5971towarלַמִּלְחָמָ֑הla.mil.cha.MahH4421, togoלָרֶ֣דֶתla.Re.detH3381downH3381toKeilahקְעִילָ֔הke.'i.LahH7084, to besiegeDavidדָּוִ֖דda.VidH1732and hismenH376.

9AndDavidדָּוִ֔דda.VidH1732knewוַיֵּ֣דַעvai.Ye.da'H3045thatSaulשָׁא֖וּלsha.'UlH7586devised mischiefagainstעָלָ֔יו'a.LavH5921him; and hesaidוַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙vai.Yo.merH559toAbiatharאֶבְיָתָ֣ר'ev.ya.TarH54thepriestהַכֹּהֵ֔ןha.ko.HenH3548,Bringהַגִּ֖ישָׁהha.Gi.shahH5066hither theephodהָאֵפֽוֹד׃ סha.'e.FodH646.

10Thensaidוַיֹּאמֶר֮vai.yo.MerH559Davidדָּוִד֒da.VidH1732, OLORDיְהוָה֙Yah.wehH3068, theGodאֱלֹהֵ֣י'e.lo.HeiH430ofIsraelיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לYis.ra.'ElH3478, thyservantעַבְדְּךָ֔'av.de.KhaH5650hathsurelyכִּֽי־ki-H3588heardH8085thatSaulשָׁא֖וּלsha.'UlH7586seeketh tocomeלָב֣וֹאla.Vo'H935toKeilahקְעִילָ֑הke.'i.LahH7084, todestroyלְשַׁחֵ֥תle.sha.ChetH7843thecityלָעִ֖ירla.'IrH5892for mysakeבַּעֲבוּרִֽי׃ba.'a.vu.RiH5668.

11Will themenבַעֲלֵי֩va.'a.LeiH1167ofKeilahקְעִילָ֨הke.'i.LahH7084deliverהֲיַסְגִּרֻ֣נִיha.yas.gi.Ru.niH5462meH4994upH5462intoH3027hishandבְיָד֜וֹve.ya.DoH3027? willSaulשָׁא֗וּלsha.'UlH7586comeהֲיֵרֵ֣דha.ye.RedH3381downH3381, as thyservantעַבְדֶּ֔ךָ'av.De.khaH5650hathheardשָׁמַ֣עsha.Ma'H8085? OLORDיְהוָה֙Yah.wehH3068, theGodאֱלֹהֵ֣י'e.lo.HeiH430ofIsraelיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לYis.ra.'ElH3478, IbeseechH4994thee,tellהַגֶּד־ha.ged-H5046thyservantלְעַבְדֶּ֑ךָ סle.'av.De.khaH5650. And theLORDיְהוָ֖הYah.wehH3068saidוַיֹּ֥אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559, He willcomeיֵרֵֽד׃ye.RedH3381downH3381.

12Thensaidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559Davidדָּוִ֔דda.VidH1732, Will themenH376ofKeilahקְעִילָ֛הke.'i.LahH7084deliverהֲיַסְגִּ֜רוּha.yas.Gi.ruH5462upH5462meH5462and mymenH376intoH376thehandבְּיַד־be.yad-H3027ofSaulשָׁא֑וּלsha.'UlH7586? And theLORDיְהוָ֖הYah.wehH3068saidוַיֹּ֥אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559, They willdeliverיַסְגִּֽירוּ׃ סyas.Gi.ruH5462theeupH5462.

13ThenDavidדָּוִ֨דda.VidH1732and hismenאִ֗ישׁ'IshH376,whichבַּאֲשֶׁ֣רba.'a.SherH834wereaboutH1980sixכְּשֵׁשׁ־ke.shesh-H8337hundredמֵא֣וֹתme.'otH3967,aroseוַיָּקָם֩vai.ya.KamH6965anddepartedH1980outוַיֵּצְאוּ֙vai.ye.tze.'UH3318ofKeilahמִקְּעִלָ֔הmi.ke.'i.LahH7084, andwentH1980whithersoever theycouldH376goH1980. And it wastoldהֻגַּ֗דhu.GadH5046Saulוּלְשָׁא֣וּלu.le.sha.'UlH7586thatDavidדָּוִד֙da.VidH1732wasescapedנִמְלַ֤טnim.LatH4422fromKeilahמִקְּעִילָ֔הmi.ke.'i.LahH7084; and he forbare togoH1980forthלָצֵֽאת׃la.TzetH3318.

14AndDavidדָּוִ֤דda.VidH1732abodeוַיֵּ֨שֶׁבvai.Ye.shevH3427in thewildernessבַּמִּדְבָּר֙ba.mid.BarH4057in the strong holds, andremainedוַיֵּ֥שֶׁבvai.Ye.shevH3427in thehillבָּהָ֖רba.HarH2022countryH2022in thewildernessבְּמִדְבַּר־be.mid.bar-H4057ofZiphזִ֑יףZifH2128. AndSaulשָׁאוּל֙sha.'UlH7586soughtוַיְבַקְשֵׁ֤הוּvay.vak.She.huH1245himeveryכָּל־kol-H3605dayהַיָּמִ֔יםhai.ya.MimH3117, butGodאֱלֹהִ֖ים'E.lo.HimH430deliveredנְתָנ֥וֹne.ta.NoH5414himnotוְלֹֽא־ve.lo'-H3808intoH3027hishandבְּיָדֽוֹ׃be.ya.DoH3027.

15AndDavidדָוִ֔דda.VidH1732sawוַיַּ֣רְאvai.Yar'H7200thatSaulשָׁא֖וּלsha.'UlH7586wascomeיָצָ֥אya.Tza'H3318outH3318toseekלְבַקֵּ֣שׁle.va.KeshH1245hislifeנַפְשׁ֑וֹnaf.ShoH5315: andDavidוְדָוִ֥דve.da.VidH1732was in thewildernessבְּמִדְבַּר־be.mid.bar-H4057ofZiphזִ֖יףzifH2128in the wood.

16AndJonathanיְהוֹנָתָ֣ןye.ho.na.TanH3083Saul’sשָׁא֔וּלsha.'UlH7586sonבֶּן־ben-H1121aroseוַיָּ֙קָם֙vai.Ya.komH6965, andwentH6965toDavidדָּוִ֖דda.VidH1732intoאֶל־'el-H413the wood, andstrengthenedוַיְחַזֵּ֥קvay.cha.ZekH2388hishandיָד֖וֹya.DoH3027inGodבֵּאלֹהִֽים׃be.lo.HimH430.

17And hesaidוַיֹּ֨אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559unto him,Fearתִּירָ֗אti.Ra'H3372notH3808: for thehandיַ֚דyadH3027ofSaulשָׁא֣וּלsha.'UlH7586myfatherאָבִ֔י'a.ViH1shallnotH3808findתִֽמְצָאֲךָ֙tim.tza.'a.KhaH4672thee; and thou shalt bekingתִּמְלֹ֣ךְtim.LokhH4427overIsraelיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לYis.ra.'ElH3478, and I shall benextעַל־'al-H5921unto thee; and that alsoSaulשָׁא֥וּלsha.'UlH7586myfatherאָבִ֖י'a.ViH1knoweth.

18And theytwoשְׁנֵיהֶ֛םshe.nei.HemH8147madeוַיִּכְרְת֧וּvai.yikh.re.TuH3772acovenantבְּרִ֖יתbe.RitH1285beforeלִפְנֵ֣יlif.NeiH6440theLORDיְהוָ֑הYah.wehH3068: andDavidדָּוִד֙da.VidH1732abodeוַיֵּ֤שֶׁבvai.Ye.shevH3427in the wood, andJonathanוִיהוֹנָתָ֖ןvi.ho.na.TanH3083wentהָלַ֥ךְha.LakhH1980to hishouseלְבֵיתֽוֹ׃ סle.vei.ToH1004.

19ThencameH5927upH5927theZiphitesזִפִים֙zi.FimH2130toSaulשָׁא֔וּלsha.'UlH7586toGibeahהַגִּבְעָ֖תָהha.giv.'A.tahH1390,sayingלֵאמֹ֑רle.MorH559, Dothnotהֲל֣וֹאha.Lo'H3808Davidדָ֠וִדDa.vidH1732hideמִסְתַּתֵּ֨רmis.ta.TerH5641himselfH413withusH413in the strong holds in the wood, in thehillבְּגִבְעַת֙be.giv.'AtH1389ofHachilahהַֽחֲכִילָ֔הha.cha.khi.LahH2444,whichאֲשֶׁ֖ר'a.SherH834is on thesouthמִימִ֥יןmi.MinH3225of thedesertהַיְשִׁימֽוֹן׃hay.shi.MonH3452?

20Nowוְ֠עַתָּהVe.'a.tahH6258therefore, Okingהַמֶּ֛לֶךְha.Me.lekhH4428,comeלָרֶ֖דֶתla.Re.detH3381downH3381,accordingH3027toallלְכָל־le.kholH3605thedesireH5315of thysoulH5315tocomeרֵ֑דRedH3381downH3381; and ourpartH3027shall be todeliverהַסְגִּיר֖וֹhas.gi.RoH5462himupH5462intoH3027theking’sהַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ha.Me.lekhH4428handבְּיַ֥דbe.YadH3027.

21AndSaulשָׁא֔וּלsha.'UlH7586saidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559,Blessedבְּרוּכִ֥יםbe.ru.KhimH1288be ye of theLORDלַֽיהוָ֑הla.Yah.wehH3068; for ye have hadcompassionחֲמַלְתֶּ֖םcha.mal.TemH2550onmeעָלָֽי׃'a.LaiH5921.

22Goתִּֽהְיֶ֣הtih.YehH1961, Iprayנָ֞אna'H4994youH834,makeH3045yetmoreע֗וֹדodH5750sureH3045, andknowוּדְע֤וּu.de.'UH3045andseeוּרְאוּ֙u.re.'UH7200hisplaceמְקוֹמוֹ֙me.ko.MoH4725whereאֲשֶׁ֣ר'a.SherH834hishauntרַגְל֔וֹrag.LoH7272is, and who hathseenרָאָ֖הוּra.'A.huH7200him there: for it istoldאָמַ֣ר'a.MarH559meאֵלַ֔י'e.LaiH413that he dealethveryH6191subtilly.

23Seeוּרְא֣וּu.re.'UH7200therefore, andtakeH7725knowledgeH3045ofallH3605the lurkingplacesH3605whereאֲשֶׁ֣ר'a.SherH834he hidethhimselfH3045, andcomeH1980yeagainH7725tomeH413of acertaintyH3045, and I willgoוְהָלַכְתִּ֖יve.ha.lakh.TiH1980withyouH834: and it shallcomeH1980topassוְהָיָה֙ve.ha.YahH1961,ifאִם־'im-H518he be in thelandבָאָ֔רֶץva.'A.retzH776, that I willsearchוְחִפַּשְׂתִּ֣יve.chi.pas.TiH2664himoutH3045amongallH3605thethousandsאַלְפֵ֥י'al.FeiH505ofJudahיְהוּדָֽה׃ye.hu.DahH3063.

24And theyaroseH6965, andwentH6965toZiphזִ֖יפָהZi.fahH2128beforeלִפְנֵ֣יlif.NeiH6440Saulשָׁא֑וּלsha.'UlH7586: butDavidוְדָוִ֨דve.da.VidH1732and hismenH376were in thewildernessבְּמִדְבַּ֤רbe.mid.BarH4057ofMaonמָעוֹן֙ma.'OnH4584, in theArabahבָּעֲרָבָ֔הba.'a.ra.VahH6160on thesouthיְמִ֥יןye.MinH3225of thedesertH6160.

25AndSaulשָׁא֣וּלsha.'UlH7586and hismenH376wentH3381toseekלְבַקֵּשׁ֒le.va.KeshH1245him. And theytoldוַיַּגִּ֣דוּvai.ya.Gi.duH5046Davidלְדָוִ֔דle.da.VidH1732: wherefore hecameH3381downוַיֵּ֣רֶדvai.Ye.redH3381to therockהַסֶּ֔לַעha.Se.la'H5553, andabodeוַיֵּ֖שֶׁבvai.Ye.shevH3427in thewildernessבְּמִדְבַּ֣רbe.mid.BarH4057ofMaonמָע֑וֹןma.'onH4584. And whenSaulשָׁא֔וּלsha.'UlH7586heardוַיִּשְׁמַ֣עvai.yish.Ma'H8085that, hepursuedוַיִּרְדֹּ֥ףvai.yir.DofH7291afterאַחֲרֵֽי־'a.cha.rei-H310Davidדָוִ֖דda.VidH1732in thewildernessמִדְבַּ֥רmid.BarH4057ofMaonמָעֽוֹן׃ma.'onH4584.

26AndSaulשָׁא֜וּלsha.'UlH7586wentH413on thissideמִצַּ֤דmi.TzadH6654of themountainהָהָר֙ha.HarH2022, andDavidוְדָוִ֧דve.da.VidH1732and hismenH376on thatsideמִצַּ֥דmi.TzadH6654of themountainהָהָ֖רha.HarH2022: andDavidדָוִ֜דda.VidH1732madeH1961hasteH2648to getawayנֶחְפָּ֤זnech.PazH2648for fear ofSaulשָׁא֔וּלsha.'UlH7586; forSaulוְשָׁא֣וּלve.sha.'UlH7586and hismenH376compassedDavidדָּוִ֥דda.VidH1732and hismenH376roundaboutH1961totakeH1961them.

27But therecameH935amessengerוּמַלְאָ֣ךְu.mal.'AkhH4397untoSaulשָׁא֖וּלsha.'UlH7586,sayingלֵאמֹ֑רle.MorH559,Hasteמַהֲרָ֣הma.ha.RahH4116thee, andcomeH935; for thePhilistinesפְלִשְׁתִּ֖יםfe.lish.TimH6430havemadeH6584araidפָשְׁט֥וּfa.she.TuH6584uponעַל־'al-H5921thelandהָאָֽרֶץ׃ha.'A.retzH776.

28Soכֵּ֗ןKenH3651Saulשָׁא֗וּלsha.'UlH7586returnedH7725frompursuingמִרְדֹף֙mir.DofH7291afterאַחֲרֵ֣י'a.cha.ReiH310Davidדָוִ֔דda.VidH1732, andwentH7725againstעַל־'al-H5921thePhilistinesפְּלִשְׁתִּ֑יםpe.lish.TimH6430: therefore theycalledקָֽרְאוּ֙ka.re.'UH7121thatplaceלַמָּק֣וֹםla.ma.KomH4725Sela-hammahlekoth.

29And David went up from thence, and dwelt in the strong holds of En-gedi.

Commentaries on 1 Samuel 23

Revised Version 1895 — 1895 — Public Domain