Berean Standard Bible
2 Samuel 10
(1 Chronicles 19:1–9)
1וַֽיְהִי֙vay.HiH1961Some time laterאַֽחֲרֵי־ כֵ֔ן'a.cha.rei- KhenH310H3651,the kingמֶ֖לֶךְMe.lekhH4428of the Ammonitesבְּנֵ֣י עַמּ֑וֹןbe.Nei a.MonH1121H5983diedוַיָּ֕מָתvai.Ya.motH4191and was succeeded byוַיִּמְלֹ֛ךְvai.yim.LokhH4427תַּחְתָּֽיו׃tach.TavH8478his sonבְּנ֖וֹbe.NoH1121Hanunחָנ֥וּןcha.NunH2586.
2And Davidדָּוִ֜דda.VidH1732saidוַיֹּ֨אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559, “I will showאֶעֱשֶׂה־'e.'e.seh-H6213kindnessחֶ֣סֶד׀Che.sedH2617toעִם־'im-H5973Hanunחָנ֣וּןcha.NunH2586sonבֶּן־ben-H1121of Nahashנָחָ֗שׁna.ChashH5176,just asכַּאֲשֶׁר֩ka.'a.SherH834his fatherאָבִ֤יו'a.VivH1showedעָשָׂ֨ה'a.SahH6213kindnessחֶ֔סֶדChe.sedH2617to meעִמָּדִי֙'i.ma.DiH5978.”So Davidדָּוִ֧דda.VidH1732sentוַיִּשְׁלַ֨חvai.yish.LachH7971some of his servantsעֲבָדָ֖יו'a.va.DavH5650to consoleלְנַחֲמ֛וֹ בְּיַד־le.na.cha.Mo be.yad-H5162H3027Hanunconcerningאֶל־'el-H413his fatherאָבִ֑יו'a.VivH1.But when theyעַבְדֵ֣י דָוִ֔ד'av.Dei da.VidH5650H1732arrivedוַיָּבֹ֙אוּ֙vai.ya.Vo.'uH935in the landאֶ֖רֶץ'E.retzH776of the Ammonitesבְּנֵ֥י עַמּֽוֹן׃be.Nei a.MonH1121H5983,
3the princesשָׂרֵ֨יsa.ReiH8269of the Ammonitesבְנֵֽי־ עַמּ֜וֹןve.nei- a.MonH1121H5983saidוַיֹּאמְרוּ֩vai.yo.me.RuH559toאֶל־'el-H413Hanunחָנ֣וּןcha.NunH2586their lordאֲדֹֽנֵיהֶ֗ם'a.do.nei.HemH113, “Just becauseכִּֽי־ki-H3588David has sentשָׁלַ֥חsha.LachH7971youcomfortersמְנַֽחֲמִ֑יםme.na.cha.MimH5162,do you really believeבְּעֵינֶ֔יךָbe.'ei.Nei.khaH5869he isדָּוִ֤דda.VidH1732אֶת־'et-H853showing respectהַֽמְכַבֵּ֨דham.kha.BedH3513for your fatherאָבִ֙יךָ֙'a.Vi.khaH1?Has notהֲ֠לוֹאHa.lo'H3808Davidדָּוִ֛דda.VidH1732אֶת־'et-H853insteadsentשָׁלַ֥חsha.LachH7971his servantsעֲבָדָ֖יו אֵלֶֽיךָ׃'a.va.Dav 'e.Lei.khaH5650H413בַּעֲב֞וּרba.'a.VurH5668to exploreחֲק֤וֹרcha.KorH2713אֶת־'et-H853the cityהָעִיר֙ha.'IrH5892,spy it outוּלְרַגְּלָ֣הּu.le.ra.ge.LahH7270,and overthrow itוּלְהָפְכָ֔הּu.le.ha.fe.KhahH2015?”
4So Hanunחָנ֜וּןcha.NunH2586אֶת־'et-H853tookוַיִּקַּ֨חvai.yi.KachH3947David’sדָוִ֗דda.VidH1732servantsעַבְדֵ֣י'av.DeiH5650,shaved offוַיְגַלַּח֙vay.ga.LachH1548אֶת־'et-H853halfחֲצִ֣יcha.TziH2677of each man’s beardזְקָנָ֔םze.ka.NamH2206,cut offוַיִּכְרֹ֧תvai.yikh.RotH3772אֶת־'et-H853their garmentsמַדְוֵיהֶ֛םmad.vei.HemH4063atבַּחֵ֖צִי עַ֣דba.Che.tzi 'adH2677H5704the hipsשְׁתֽוֹתֵיהֶ֑םshe.to.tei.HemH8357,and sent them awayוַֽיְשַׁלְּחֵֽם׃Vay.sha.le.ChemH7971.
5When this was reportedוַיַּגִּ֤דוּvai.ya.Gi.duH5046to Davidלְדָוִד֙le.da.VidH1732,he sent messengersוַיִּשְׁלַ֣חvai.yish.LachH7971to meetלִקְרָאתָ֔םlik.ra.TamH7122the men,sinceכִּֽי־ki-H3588they had beenהָי֥וּ הָאֲנָשִׁ֖יםha.Yu ha.'a.na.ShimH1961H582thoroughlyמְאֹ֑דme.'OdH3966humiliatedנִכְלָמִ֣יםnikh.la.MimH3637.The kingהַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ha.Me.lekhH4428told themוַיֹּ֤אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559, “Stayשְׁב֣וּshe.VuH3427in Jerichoבִֽירֵח֔וֹvi.re.ChoH3405untilעַד־'ad-H5704your beardsזְקַנְכֶ֖םze.kan.KhemH2206have grown backיְצַמַּ֥חye.tza.MachH6779,and then returnוְשַׁבְתֶּֽם׃ve.shav.TemH7725.”
6When the Ammonitesבְּנֵ֣י עַמּ֔וֹן כִּ֥יbe.Nei a.Mon kiH1121H5983H3588realized thatוַיִּרְאוּ֙vai.yir.'UH7200they had become a stenchנִבְאֲשׁ֖וּniv.'a.ShuH887to Davidבְּדָוִ֑ד וַיִּשְׁלְח֣וּbe.da.Vid vai.yish.le.ChuH1732H7971,theyבְנֵֽי־ עַמּ֡וֹןve.nei- a.MonH1121H5983hiredוַיִּשְׂכְּרוּ֩vai.yis.ke.RuH7936אֶת־'et-H853twentyעֶשְׂרִ֥ים'es.RimH6242thousandאֶ֙לֶף֙'e.lefH505Arameanאֲרַ֨ם'a.RamH758foot soldiersרַגְלִ֔יrag.LiH7273from Beth-rehobH1050andוְאֶת־ve.'EtH853אֲרַ֣ם'a.RamH758Zobaצוֹבָ֗אtzo.Va'H6678,as well asוְאֶת־ve.'EtH853a thousandאֶ֣לֶף'E.lefH505menאִ֔ישׁ'IshH376from the kingמֶ֤לֶךְMe.lekhH4428of Maacahמַֽעֲכָה֙ma.'a.KhahH4601and twelveשְׁנֵים־ עָשָׂ֥ר אֶ֖לֶףshe.neim- 'a.Sar 'E.lefH8147H6240H505thousandוְאִ֣ישׁve.'IshH376menאִֽישׁ׃'IshH376from Tobט֔וֹבTovH2897.
8The Ammonitesבְּנֵ֣י עַמּ֔וֹןbe.Nei a.MonH1121H5983marched outוַיֵּֽצְאוּ֙vai.ye.tze.'UH3318and arrayed themselvesוַיַּעַרְכ֥וּvai.ya.'ar.KhuH6186for battleמִלְחָמָ֖הmil.cha.MahH4421at the entranceפֶּ֣תַחPe.tachH6607of the city gateהַשָּׁ֑עַרha.Sha.'arH8179,while the Arameansוַאֲרַ֨םva.'a.RamH758of Zobahצוֹבָ֤אtzo.Va'H6678and Rehobוּרְחוֹב֙u.re.chOvH7340and the menוְאִֽישׁ־ve.'ish-H376of Tobט֣וֹבTovH2897and Maacahוּמַֽעֲכָ֔הu.ma.'a.KhahH4601were by themselvesלְבַדָּ֖םle.va.DamH905in the open countryבַּשָּׂדֶֽה׃ba.sa.DehH7704.
David Defeats Ammon and Aram
(1 Chronicles 19:10–19)
9When Joabיוֹאָ֗בyo.'AvH3097sawוַיַּ֣רְאvai.Yar'H7200the battle linesכִּֽי־ הָיְתָ֤ה אֵלָיו֙ הַמִּלְחָמָ֔הki- ha.ye.Tah 'e.Lav ha.mil.cha.MahH3588H1961H413H4421before himפְּנֵ֣יpe.NeiH6440מִפָּנִ֖יםmi.pa.NimH6440and behind himוּמֵֽאָח֑וֹרu.me.'a.ChorH268,he selectedוַיִּבְחַ֗רvai.yiv.CharH977some ofמִכֹּל֙mi.KolH3605the bestבְּחוּרֵ֣יbe.chu.ReiH977men of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לbe.yis.ra.'elH3478and arrayed themוַֽיַּעֲרֹ֖ךְvai.ya.'a.RokhH6186againstלִקְרַ֥אתlik.RatH7122the Arameansאֲרָֽם׃'a.RamH758.
10Andוְאֵת֙ve.'EtH853he placedנָתַ֕ןna.TanH5414the restיֶ֣תֶרYe.terH3499of the troopsהָעָ֔םha.'AmH5971under the commandבְּיַ֖דbe.YadH3027of his brotherאָחִ֑יו'a.ChivH251Abishaiאַבְשַׁ֣י'av.ShaiH52,who arrayed themוַֽיַּעֲרֹ֕ךְvai.ya.'a.RokhH6186againstלִקְרַ֖אתlik.RatH7122the Ammonitesבְּנֵ֥י עַמּֽוֹן׃be.Nei a.MonH1121H5983.
11“Ifאִם־'im-H518the Arameansאֲרָם֙'a.RamH758are too strongתֶּחֱזַ֤קte.che.ZakH2388for meמִמֶּ֔נִּיmi.Me.niH4480,”said Joabוַיֹּ֗אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559, “then you will comeוְהָיִ֥תָהve.ha.Yi.tahH1961to my rescueלִֽישׁוּעָ֑הli.shu.'AhH3444.And ifוְאִם־ve.'im-H518the Ammonitesבְּנֵ֤י עַמּוֹן֙be.Nei 'a.mOnH1121H5983are too strongיֶחֱזְק֣וּye.chez.KuH2388for youמִמְּךָ֔mi.me.KhaH4480,then I will comeוְהָלַכְתִּ֖יve.ha.lakh.TiH1980to your rescueלְהוֹשִׁ֥יעַֽle.ho.Shi.a'H3467.
12Be strongחֲזַ֤קcha.ZakH2388and let us fight bravelyוְנִתְחַזַּק֙ve.nit.cha.ZakH2388forבְּעַד־be.'ad-H1157our peopleעַמֵּ֔נוּ'a.Me.nuH5971and forוּבְעַ֖דu.ve.'AdH1157the citiesעָרֵ֣י'a.ReiH5892of our Godאֱלֹהֵ֑ינוּ'e.lo.Hei.nuH430.May the LORDוַֽיהוָ֔הva.Yah.wehH3068doיַעֲשֶׂ֥הya.'a.SehH6213what is goodהַטּ֖וֹבha.TovH2896in His sightבְּעֵינָֽיו׃be.'ei.NavH5869.”
14When the Ammonitesוּבְנֵ֨י עַמּ֤וֹןu.ve.Nei a.MonH1121H5983sawרָאוּ֙ra.'UH7200thatכִּי־ki-H3588the Arameansאֲרָ֔ם'a.RamH758had fledנָ֣סnasH5127,they too fledוַיָּנֻ֙סוּ֙vai.ya.Nu.suH5127beforeמִפְּנֵ֣יmi.pe.NeiH6440Abishaiאֲבִישַׁ֔י'a.vi.ShaiH52,and they enteredוַיָּבֹ֖אוּvai.ya.Vo.'uH935the cityהָעִ֑ירha.'IrH5892.So Joabיוֹאָ֗בyo.'AvH3097returnedוַיָּ֣שָׁבvai.Ya.shovH7725from fighting againstמֵעַל֙me.'AlH5921the Ammonitesבְּנֵ֣י עַמּ֔וֹןbe.Nei a.MonH1121H5983and cameוַיָּבֹ֖אvai.ya.Vo'H935to Jerusalemיְרוּשָׁלִָֽם׃ye.ru.sha.LimH3389.
16HadadezerH1909sentוַיִּשְׁלַ֣חvai.yish.LachH7971messengers to bringוַיֹּצֵ֤אvai.yo.Tze'H3318אֶת־'et-H853moreArameansאֲרָם֙'a.RamH758אֲשֶׁר֙'a.SherH834from beyondמֵעֵ֣בֶרme.'E.verH5676the Euphratesהַנָּהָ֔רha.na.HarH5104,and they cameוַיָּבֹ֖אוּvai.ya.Vo.'uH935to Helamחֵילָ֑םchei.LamH2431with Shobachוְשׁוֹבַ֛ךְve.sho.VakhH7731the commanderשַׂר־sar-H8269of Hadadezer’sH1909armyצְבָ֥אtze.Va'H6635leading themלִפְנֵיהֶֽם׃lif.nei.HemH6440.
17When this was reportedוַיֻּגַּ֣דvai.yu.GadH5046to Davidלְדָוִ֗ד סle.da.VidH1732,he gatheredוַיֶּאֱסֹ֤ףvai.ye.'e.SofH622אֶת־'et-H853allכָּל־kol-H3605Israelיִשְׂרָאֵל֙Yis.ra.'ElH3478,crossedוַיַּעֲבֹ֣רvai.ya.'a.VorH5674אֶת־'et-H853the Jordanהַיַּרְדֵּ֔ןhai.yar.DenH3383,and wentוַיָּבֹ֖אvai.ya.Vo'H935to Helamחֵלָ֑אמָהche.La.mahH2431.Then the Arameansאֲרָם֙'a.RamH758arrayed themselvesוַיַּעַרְכ֤וּvai.ya.'ar.KhuH6186againstלִקְרַ֣אתlik.RatH7122Davidדָּוִ֔דda.VidH1732and foughtוַיִּלָּחֲמ֖וּvai.yi.la.cha.MuH3898against himעִמּֽוֹ׃i.MoH5973.
18But the Arameansאֲרָם֮'a.RamH758fledוַיָּ֣נָסvai.Ya.nosH5127beforeמִפְּנֵ֣יmi.pe.NeiH6440Israelיִשְׂרָאֵל֒Yis.ra.'ElH3478,and Davidדָּוִ֜ד מֵאֲרָ֗םda.Vid me.'a.RamH1732H758killedוַיַּהֲרֹ֨גvai.ya.ha.RogH2026sevenשְׁבַ֤עshe.Va'H7651hundredמֵאוֹת֙me.'OtH3967charioteersרֶ֔כֶבRe.khevH7393and fortyוְאַרְבָּעִ֥יםve.'ar.ba.'ImH705thousandאֶ֖לֶף'E.lefH505foot soldiersפָּרָשִׁ֑יםpa.ra.ShimH6571.וְאֵ֨תve.'EtH853He also struck downהִכָּ֖הhi.KahH5221Shobachשׁוֹבַ֧ךְsho.VakhH7731the commanderשַׂר־sar-H8269of their armyצְבָא֛וֹtze.va.'OH6635,who diedוַיָּ֥מָתvai.Ya.motH4191thereשָֽׁם׃ShamH8033.
19When allכָֽל־khol-H3605the kingsהַמְּלָכִ֜יםha.me.la.KhimH4428who weresubjectעַבְדֵ֣י'av.DeiH5650to HadadezerH1909sawוַיִּרְא֨וּvai.yir.'UH7200thatכִּ֤יkiH3588they had been defeatedנִגְּפוּ֙ni.ge.FuH5062byלִפְנֵ֣יlif.NeiH6440Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לYis.ra.'ElH3478,they made peaceוַיַּשְׁלִ֥מוּvai.yash.Li.muH7999withאֶת־'et-H854Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֖לYis.ra.'ElH3478and became subject to themוַיַּֽעַבְד֑וּםvai.ya.'av.DumH5647.So the Arameansאֲרָ֔ם'a.RamH758were afraidוַיִּֽרְא֣וּvai.yir.'UH3372to helpלְהוֹשִׁ֥יעַle.ho.Shi.a'H3467the Ammonitesבְּנֵ֥י עַמּֽוֹן׃ פbe.Nei a.MonH1121H5983anymoreע֖וֹדodH5750אֶת־'et-H853.
Commentaries on 2 Samuel 10
- Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
- Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
- Matthew Henry Concise Commentary
- Tyndale Open Study Notes
- Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary
- Rashi on Tanakh
- Keil & Delitzsch Commentary
- John Wesley’s Notes
- Darby Translation Notes
- Geneva Bible Translation Notes
- Kingcomments
- Matthew Henry’s Complete Commentary
- Matthew Henry’s Modern English Commentary
- Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary
- EGW Writings
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Commentaries