Revised Literal Translation
1 Kings 22:2-35
2And it came to pass in the thirdהַשְּׁלִישִׁ֑יתha.she.li.ShitH7992yearבַּשָּׁנָ֣הba.sha.NahH8141,that Jehoshaphatיְהוֹשָׁפָ֥טye.ho.sha.FatH3092the kingמֶֽלֶךְ־Me.lekh-H4428of Judahיְהוּדָ֖הye.hu.DahH3063came downוַיֵּ֛רֶדvai.Ye.redH3381to the kingמֶ֥לֶךְMe.lekhH4428of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃Yis.ra.'ElH3478.
3And the kingמֶֽלֶךְ־Me.lekh-H4428of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵל֙Yis.ra.'ElH3478saidוַיֹּ֤אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559unto his servantsעֲבָדָ֔יו'a.va.DavH5650,Knowהַיְדַעְתֶּ֕םhay.da'.TemH3045ye that RamothH7433in Gileadגִּלְעָ֑דgil.'AdH1568is ours, and we bestillמַחְשִׁ֔יםmach.ShimH2814, andtakeמִקַּ֣חַתmi.Ka.chatH3947it not out of the handמִיַּ֖דmi.YadH3027of the kingמֶ֥לֶךְMe.lekhH4428of Syriaאֲרָֽם׃'a.RamH758?
4And he saidוַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙vai.Yo.merH559unto Jehoshaphatיְה֣וֹשָׁפָ֔טye.Ho.o.sha.FatH3092,Wilt thou goH3212with me to battleלַמִּלְחָמָ֖הla.mil.cha.MahH4421to Ramoth–gileadגִּלְעָ֑דgil.'AdH1568H7433?And Jehoshaphatיְהֽוֹשָׁפָט֙ye.ho.sha.FatH3092saidוַיֹּ֤אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559to the kingמֶ֣לֶךְMe.lekhH4428of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לYis.ra.'ElH3478, I amas thouH3644art,my peopleכְּעַמִּ֥יke.'a.MiH5971as thy peopleכְעַמֶּ֖ךָkhe.'a.Me.khaH5971,my horsesכְּסוּסַ֥יke.su.SaiH5483as thy horsesכְּסוּסֶֽיךָ׃ke.su.Sei.khaH5483.
6Then the kingמֶֽלֶךְ־Me.lekh-H4428of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֥לYis.ra.'ElH3478gatheredוַיִּקְבֹּ֨ץvai.yik.BotzH6908the prophetsהַנְּבִיאִים֮ha.ne.vi.'ImH5030togetherH6908,about fourכְּאַרְבַּ֣עke.'ar.Ba'H702hundredמֵא֣וֹתme.'otH3967menאִישׁ֒'ishH376,and saidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559unto them, Shall I goH3212against Ramoth–gileadגִּלְעָ֛דgil.'AdH1568H7433to battleלַמִּלְחָמָ֖הla.mil.cha.MahH4421,or shall I forbearאֶחְדָּ֑ל'ech.DalH2308?And they saidוַיֹּאמְר֣וּvai.yo.me.RuH559,Go upעֲלֵ֔ה'a.LehH5927;for the Lordאֲדֹנָ֖י'a.do.NaiH136shall deliverוְיִתֵּ֥ןve.yi.TenH5414itinto the handבְּיַ֥דbe.YadH3027of the kingהַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ha.Me.lekhH4428.
8And the kingמֶֽלֶךְ־Me.lekh-H4428of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל׀Yis.ra.'ElH3478saidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559unto Jehoshaphatיְהוֹשָׁפָ֡טye.ho.sha.FatH3092, There isyet oneאֶחָ֡ד'e.ChadH259manאִישׁ־'ish-H376,Micaiahמִיכָ֖יְהוּmi.Kha.ye.huH4321the sonבֶּן־ben-H1121of Imlahיִמְלָ֑הyim.LahH3229,by whom we may enquireלִדְרֹשׁ֩lid.RoshH1875of Yhwhיְהוָ֨הYah.wehH3068:but I hateשְׂנֵאתִ֗יוse.ne.TivH8130him; for he doth not prophesyיִתְנַבֵּ֨אyit.na.Be'H5012goodטוֹב֙tOvH2896concerning me, but evilרָ֔עRa'H7451.And Jehoshaphatיְה֣וֹשָׁפָ֔טye.Ho.o.sha.FatH3092saidוַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙vai.Yo.merH559,Let not the kingהַמֶּ֖לֶךְha.Me.lekhH4428sayיֹאמַ֥רyo.MarH559so.
10And the kingוּמֶ֣לֶךְu.Me.lekhH4428of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֡לYis.ra.'ElH3478and Jehoshaphatוִֽיהוֹשָׁפָ֣טvi.ho.sha.FatH3092the kingמֶֽלֶךְ־Me.lekh-H4428of Judahיְהוּדָ֡הye.hu.DahH3063satיֹשְׁבִים֩yo.she.VimH3427eachאִ֨ישׁ'ishH376on his throneכִּסְא֜וֹkis.'OH3678,having put onמְלֻבָּשִׁ֤יםme.lu.ba.ShimH3847their robesבְּגָדִים֙be.ga.DimH899,in an open placeבְּגֹ֔רֶןbe.Go.renH1637in the entranceפֶּ֖תַחPe.tachH6607of the gateשַׁ֣עַרSha.'arH8179of Samariaשֹׁמְר֑וֹןsho.me.RonH8111;and all the prophetsהַנְּבִיאִ֔יםha.ne.vi.'ImH5030prophesiedמִֽתְנַבְּאִ֖יםmit.na.be.'ImH5012beforeלִפְנֵיהֶֽם׃lif.nei.HemH6440them.
11And Zedekiahצִדְקִיָּ֥הtzid.ki.YahH6667the sonבֶֽן־ven-H1121of Chenaanahכְּנַעֲנָ֖הke.na.'a.NahH3668madeוַיַּ֥עַשׂvai.Ya.'asH6213him hornsקַרְנֵ֣יkar.NeiH7161of ironבַרְזֶ֑לvar.ZelH1270:and he saidוַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙vai.Yo.merH559,Thus saithאָמַ֣ר'a.MarH559Yhwhיְהוָ֔הYah.wehH3068,With these shalt thou pushתְּנַגַּ֥חte.na.GachH5055the Syriansאֲרָ֖ם'a.RamH758,until thou have consumedכַּלֹּתָֽם׃ka.lo.TamH3615them.
12And all the prophetsהַנְּבִאִ֔יםha.ne.vi.'ImH5030prophesiedנִבְּאִ֥יםni.be.'ImH5012so, sayingלֵאמֹ֑רle.MorH559,Go upעֲלֵ֞ה'a.LehH5927to Ramoth–gileadגִּלְעָד֙gil.'AdH1568H7433,and prosperוְהַצְלַ֔חve.hatz.LachH6743:for Yhwhיְהוָ֖הYah.wehH3068shall deliverוְנָתַ֥ןve.na.TanH5414itinto the king’sהַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ha.Me.lekhH4428handבְּיַ֥דbe.YadH3027.
13And the messengerוְהַמַּלְאָ֞ךְve.ha.mal.'AkhH4397that was goneהָלַ֣ךְ׀ha.LakhH1980to callלִקְרֹ֣אlik.Ro'H7121Micaiahמִיכָ֗יְהוּmi.Kha.ye.huH4321spakeדִּבֶּ֤רdi.BerH1696unto him, sayingלֵאמֹ֔רle.MorH559,Behold now, the wordsדִּבְרֵ֧יdiv.ReiH1697of the prophetsהַנְּבִיאִ֛יםha.ne.vi.'ImH5030declaregoodט֖וֹבTovH2896unto the kingהַמֶּ֑לֶךְha.Me.lekhH4428with oneאֶחָ֥ד'e.ChadH259mouthפֶּֽה־peh-H6310:let thy wordדְבָרְךָ֗div.rei.khaH1697,I pray thee, be like the wordכִּדְבַ֛רkid.VarH1697of oneאַחַ֥ד'a.ChadH259of them, and speakוְדִבַּ֥רְתָּve.di.Bar.taH1696that which isgoodטּֽוֹב׃TovH2896.
15So he cameוַיָּבוֹא֮vai.ya.Vo'H935to the kingהַמֶּלֶךְ֒ha.me.leKhH4428.And the kingהַמֶּ֜לֶךְha.Me.lekhH4428saidוַיֹּ֨אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559unto him, Micaiahמִיכָ֙יְהוּ֙mi.Kha.ye.huH4321,shall we goH3212against Ramoth–gileadגִּלְעָ֛דgil.'AdH1568H7433to battleלַמִּלְחָמָ֖הla.mil.cha.MahH4421,or shall we forbearנֶחְדָּ֑לnech.DalH2308?And he answeredוַיֹּ֤אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559him, Goעֲלֵ֣ה'a.LehH5927,and prosperוְהַצְלַ֔חve.hatz.LachH6743:for Yhwhיְהוָ֖הYah.wehH3068shall deliverוְנָתַ֥ןve.na.TanH5414itinto the handבְּיַ֥דbe.YadH3027of the kingהַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ha.Me.lekhH4428.
16And the kingהַמֶּ֔לֶךְha.Me.lekhH4428saidוַיֹּ֤אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559unto him, How many timesפְעָמִ֖יםfe.'a.MimH6471shall I adjureמַשְׁבִּעֶ֑ךָmash.bi.'E.khaH7650thee that thou tellתְדַבֵּ֥רte.da.BerH1696me nothing but that which istrueאֱמֶ֖ת'e.MetH571in the nameבְּשֵׁ֥םbe.ShemH8034of Yhwhיְהוָֽה׃Yah.wehH3068?
17And he saidוַיֹּ֗אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559,I sawרָאִ֤יתִיra.'I.tiH7200all Israelיִשְׂרָאֵל֙Yis.ra.'ElH3478scatteredנְפֹצִ֣יםne.fo.TzimH6327upon the hillsהֶהָרִ֔יםhe.ha.RimH2022,as sheepכַּצֹּ֕אןka.TzonH6629that have not a shepherdרֹעֶ֑הro.'EhH7462:And Yhwhיְהוָה֙Yah.wehH3068saidוַיֹּ֤אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559,These have no masterאֲדֹנִ֣ים'a.do.NimH113:let them returnיָשׁ֥וּבוּya.Shu.vuH7725every manאִישׁ־'ish-H376to his houseלְבֵית֖וֹle.vei.ToH1004in peaceבְּשָׁלֽוֹם׃be.sha.LomH7965.
19And he saidוַיֹּ֕אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559,Hearשְׁמַ֣עshe.Ma'H8085thou therefore the wordדְּבַר־de.var-H1697of Yhwhיְהוָ֑הYah.wehH3068:I sawרָאִ֤יתִיra.'I.tiH7200Yhwhיְהוָה֙Yah.wehH3068sittingיֹשֵׁ֣בyo.ShevH3427on his throneכִּסְא֔וֹkis.'OH3678,and all the armyצְבָ֤אtze.Va'H6635of heavenהַשָּׁמַ֙יִם֙ha.sha.Ma.yimH8064standingעֹמֵ֣ד'o.MedH5975by him on his right handמִימִינ֖וֹmi.mi.NoH3225and on his leftוּמִשְּׂמֹאלֽוֹ׃u.mi.se.mo.LoH8040.
20And Yhwhיְהוָ֗הYah.wehH3068saidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559,Who shall persuadeיְפַתֶּה֙ye.fa.TehH6601Ahabאַחְאָ֔ב'ach.'AvH256,that he may go upוְיַ֕עַלve.Ya.'alH5927and fallוְיִפֹּ֖לve.yi.PolH5307at Ramoth–gileadגִּלְעָ֑דgil.'AdH1568H7433?And one saidוַיֹּ֤אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559on this mannerבְּכֹ֔הbe.KhohH3541,and another saidאֹמֵ֖ר'o.MerH559on that mannerבְּכֹֽה׃be.KhohH3541.
22And Yhwhיְהוָ֛הYah.wehH3068saidוַיֹּ֧אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559unto him, Wherewith? And he saidוַיֹּ֗אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559,I will go forthאֵצֵא֙'e.Tze'H3318,and I will be a lyingשֶׁ֔קֶרShe.kerH8267spiritר֣וּחַRu.achH7307in the mouthבְּפִ֖יbe.FiH6310of all his prophetsנְבִיאָ֑יוne.vi.'AvH5030.And he saidוַיֹּ֗אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559,Thou shalt persuadeתְּפַתֶּה֙te.fa.TehH6601him,and prevailתּוּכָ֔לtu.KhalH3201also: go forthצֵ֖אtze'H3318,and doוַעֲשֵׂה־va.'a.seh-H6213so.
23Now therefore, behold, Yhwhיְהוָה֙Yah.wehH3068hath putנָתַ֤ןna.TanH5414a lyingשֶׁ֔קֶרShe.kerH8267spiritר֣וּחַRu.achH7307in the mouthבְּפִ֖יbe.FiH6310of all these thy prophetsנְבִיאֶ֣יךָne.vi.'Ei.khaH5030,And Yhwhוַֽיהוָ֔הva.Yah.wehH3068hath spokenדִּבֶּ֥רdi.BerH1696evilרָעָֽה׃ra.'AhH7451concerning thee.
24But Zedekiahצִדְקִיָּ֣הוּtzid.ki.Ya.huH6667the sonבֶֽן־ven-H1121of Chenaanahכְּנַעֲנָ֔הke.na.'a.NahH3668went nearוַיִּגַּשׁ֙vai.yi.GashH5066,and smoteוַיַּכֶּ֥הvai.ya.KehH5221Micaiahמִיכָ֖יְהוּmi.Kha.ye.huH4321on the cheekהַלֶּ֑חִיha.Le.chiH3895,and saidוַיֹּ֕אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559,Which wayאֵי־'ei-H335wentעָבַ֧ר'a.VarH5674the Spiritרֽוּחַ־Ru.ach-H7307of Yhwhיְהוָ֛הYah.wehH3068from me to speakלְדַבֵּ֥רle.da.BerH1696unto thee?
26And the kingמֶ֣לֶךְMe.lekhH4428of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לYis.ra.'ElH3478saidוַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙vai.Yo.merH559,Takeקַ֚חkachH3947Micaiahמִיכָ֔יְהוּmi.Kha.ye.huH4321,and carry him backוַהֲשִׁיבֵ֖הוּva.ha.shi.Ve.huH7725unto Amonאָמֹ֣ן'a.MonH526the governorשַׂר־sar-H8269of the cityהָעִ֑ירha.'IrH5892,and to Joashיוֹאָ֖שׁyo.'AshH3101the king’sהַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ha.Me.lekhH4428sonבֶּן־ben-H1121;
27And sayוְאָמַרְתָּ֗ve.'a.mar.TaH559,Thus saithאָמַ֣ר'a.MarH559the kingהַמֶּ֔לֶךְha.Me.lekhH4428,Putשִׂ֥ימוּSi.muH7760this fellowin the prisonבֵּ֣ית הַכֶּ֑לֶאbeit ha.Ke.le'H3608H1004,and feedוְהַאֲכִילֻ֨הוּve.ha.'a.khi.Lu.huH398him with breadלֶ֤חֶםLe.chemH3899of afflictionלַ֙חַץ֙la.chatzH3906and with waterוּמַ֣יִםu.Ma.yimH4325of afflictionלַ֔חַץLa.chatzH3906,until I comeבֹּאִ֥יbo.'IH935in peaceבְשָׁלֽוֹם׃ve.sha.LomH7965.
28And Micaiahמִיכָ֔יְהוּmi.Kha.ye.huH4321saidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559,If thou returnשׁ֤וֹבShovH7725at allתָּשׁוּב֙ta.ShuvH7725in peaceבְּשָׁל֔וֹםbe.sha.LomH7965,Yhwhיְהוָ֖הYah.wehH3068hath not spokenדִבֶּ֥רdi.BerH1696by me. And he saidוַיֹּ֕אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559,Hearkenשִׁמְע֖וּshim.'UH8085,O peopleעַמִּ֥ים'a.MimH5971, every one of you.
30And the kingמֶ֨לֶךְMe.lekhH4428of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֜לYis.ra.'ElH3478saidוַיֹּאמֶר֩vai.yo.MerH559unto Jehoshaphatיְהוֹשָׁפָ֗טye.ho.sha.FatH3092,I will disguiseהִתְחַפֵּשׂ֙hit.cha.PesH2664myself, and enterוָבֹ֣אva.Vo'H935into the battleבַמִּלְחָמָ֔הva.mil.cha.MahH4421;but put thou onלְבַ֣שׁle.VashH3847thy robesבְּגָדֶ֑יךָbe.ga.Dei.khaH899.And the kingמֶ֣לֶךְMe.lekhH4428of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לYis.ra.'ElH3478disguisedוַיִּתְחַפֵּשׂ֙vai.yit.cha.PesH2664himself, and wentוַיָּב֖וֹאvai.ya.Vo'H935into the battleבַּמִּלְחָמָֽה׃ba.mil.cha.MahH4421.
31But the kingוּמֶ֣לֶךְu.Me.lekhH4428of Syriaאֲרָ֡ם'a.RamH758commandedצִוָּ֣הtzi.VahH6680his thirtyשְׁלֹשִׁ֤יםshe.lo.ShimH7970and twoוּשְׁנַ֙יִם֙u.she.Na.yimH8147captainsשָׂרֵי֩sa.ReiH8269that had rule over his chariotsהָרֶ֨כֶבha.Re.khevH7393,sayingלֵאמֹ֔רle.MorH559,Fightתִּלָּ֣חֲמ֔וּti.La.cha.MuH3898neither with smallקָטֹ֖ןka.TonH6996nor greatגָּד֑וֹלga.DolH1419,save only with the kingמֶ֥לֶךְMe.lekhH4428of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֖לYis.ra.'ElH3478.
32And it came to pass, when the captainsשָׂרֵ֨יsa.ReiH8269of the chariotsהָרֶ֜כֶבha.Re.khevH7393sawכִּרְאוֹת֩kir.'OtH7200Jehoshaphatיְהוֹשָׁפָ֗טye.ho.sha.FatH3092,that they saidאָֽמְרוּ֙'a.me.RuH559, Surely it isthe kingמֶֽלֶךְ־Me.lekh-H4428of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֣לYis.ra.'ElH3478.And they turned asideוַיָּסֻ֥רוּvai.ya.Su.ruH5493to fightלְהִלָּחֵ֑םle.hi.la.ChemH3898against him: and Jehoshaphatיְהוֹשָׁפָֽט׃ye.ho.sha.FatH3092cried outוַיִּזְעַ֖קvai.yiz.'AkH2199.
33And it came to pass, when the captainsשָׂרֵ֣יsa.ReiH8269of the chariotsהָרֶ֔כֶבha.Re.khevH7393perceivedכִּרְאוֹת֙kir.'OtH7200that it wasnot the kingמֶ֥לֶךְMe.lekhH4428of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֖לYis.ra.'ElH3478,that they turned backוַיָּשׁ֖וּבוּvai.ya.Shu.vuH7725from pursuingמֵאַחֲרָֽיו׃me.'a.cha.RavH310him.
34And a certainmanוְאִ֗ישׁve.'IshH376drewמָשַׁ֤ךְma.ShakhH4900a bowבַּקֶּ֙שֶׁת֙ba.Ke.shetH7198at a ventureלְתֻמּ֔וֹle.tu.MoH8537,and smoteוַיַּכֶּה֙vai.ya.KehH5221the kingמֶ֣לֶךְMe.lekhH4428of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לYis.ra.'ElH3478between the jointsהַדְּבָקִ֖יםha.de.va.KimH1694of the harnessהַשִּׁרְיָ֑ןha.shir.YanH8302:wherefore he saidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559unto the driver of his chariotלְרַכָּב֗וֹle.ra.ka.VoH7395,Turnהֲפֹ֥ךְha.FokhH2015thine handיָדְךָ֛ya.de.KhaH3027,and carry me outוְהוֹצִיאֵ֥נִיve.ho.tzi.'E.niH3318of the battleהַֽמַּחֲנֶ֖הha.ma.cha.NehH4264;for I am woundedהָחֳלֵֽיתִי׃ho.cho.Lei.tiH2470.
35And the battleהַמִּלְחָמָה֙ha.mil.cha.MahH4421increasedוַתַּעֲלֶ֤הva.ta.'a.LehH5927that dayבַּיּ֣וֹםbai.YomH3117:and the kingוְהַמֶּ֗לֶךְve.ha.Me.lekhH4428was stayed upמָעֳמָ֛דmo.'o.MadH5975in his chariotבַּמֶּרְכָּבָ֖הba.mer.ka.VahH4818againstנֹ֣כַחNo.khachH5227the Syriansאֲרָ֑ם'a.RamH758,and diedוַיָּ֣מָתvai.Ya.motH4191at evenבָּעֶ֔רֶבba.'E.revH6153:and the bloodדַּֽם־dam-H1818ran outוַיִּ֥צֶקvai.Yi.tzekH3332of the woundהַמַּכָּ֖הha.ma.KahH4347into the midstחֵ֥יקcheikH2436of the chariotהָרָֽכֶב׃ha.Ra.khevH7393.
Commentaries on 1 Kings 22
- Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
- Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
- Matthew Henry Concise Commentary
- Tyndale Open Study Notes
- Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary
- Rashi on Tanakh
- Keil & Delitzsch Commentary
- Darby Translation Notes
- Geneva Bible Translation Notes
- Kingcomments
- Matthew Henry’s Complete Commentary
- Matthew Henry’s Modern English Commentary
- Scofield Reference Notes, 1917 Edition
- Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary
- EGW Writings
Revised Literal Translation — © 2018 Michael W. Jones, Sr. — GPL
Commentaries