New American Standard Bible 1995
1 Kings 22:2-35
3Now the kingמֶֽלֶךְ־Me.lekh-H4428of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵל֙Yis.ra.'ElH3478saidוַיֹּ֤אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559to his servantsעֲבָדָ֔יו'a.va.DavH5650, “Do you knowהַיְדַעְתֶּ֕םhay.da'.TemH3045thatRamoth-gileadH7433belongs to us, and weare stillH2814doingH2814nothingH2814to takeמִקַּ֣חַתmi.Ka.chatH3947it out of the handמִיַּ֖דmi.YadH3027of the kingמֶ֥לֶךְMe.lekhH4428of Aramאֲרָֽם׃'a.RamH758?”
4And he saidוַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙vai.Yo.merH559to Jehoshaphatיְה֣וֹשָׁפָ֔טye.Ho.o.sha.FatH3092, “Will you goהֲתֵלֵ֥ךְha.te.LekhH1980with me to battleלַמִּלְחָמָ֖הla.mil.cha.MahH4421at Ramoth-gileadH7433?”And Jehoshaphatיְהֽוֹשָׁפָט֙ye.ho.sha.FatH3092saidוַיֹּ֤אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559to the kingמֶ֣לֶךְMe.lekhH4428of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לYis.ra.'ElH3478, “I am as you are, my peopleכְּעַמִּ֥יke.'a.MiH5971as your peopleכְעַמֶּ֖ךָkhe.'a.Me.khaH5971,my horsesכְּסוּסַ֥יke.su.SaiH5483as your horsesכְּסוּסֶֽיךָ׃ke.su.Sei.khaH5483.”
6Thenthe kingמֶֽלֶךְ־Me.lekh-H4428of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֥לYis.ra.'ElH3478gatheredוַיִּקְבֹּ֨ץvai.yik.BotzH6908the prophetsהַנְּבִיאִים֮ha.ne.vi.'ImH5030together, about fourכְּאַרְבַּ֣עke.'ar.Ba'H702hundredמֵא֣וֹתme.'otH3967menאִישׁ֒'ishH376,and saidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559to them, “Shall I goהַאֵלֵ֞ךְha.'e.LekhH1980againstעַל־'al-H5921Ramoth-gileadH7433to battleלַמִּלְחָמָ֖הla.mil.cha.MahH4421orאִם־'im-H518shall I refrainאֶחְדָּ֑ל'ech.DalH2308?”And they saidוַיֹּאמְר֣וּvai.yo.me.RuH559, “Goעֲלֵ֔ה'a.LehH5927up, for the Lordאֲדֹנָ֖י'a.do.NaiH136will giveוְיִתֵּ֥ןve.yi.TenH5414itinto the handבְּיַ֥דbe.YadH3027of the kingהַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ha.Me.lekhH4428.”
8The kingמֶֽלֶךְ־Me.lekh-H4428of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל׀Yis.ra.'ElH3478saidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559to Jehoshaphatיְהוֹשָׁפָ֡טye.ho.sha.FatH3092, “There is yetע֣וֹדodH5750oneאֶחָ֡ד'e.ChadH259manאִישׁ־'ish-H376by whom we may inquireלִדְרֹשׁ֩lid.RoshH1875of the Lordיְהוָ֨הYah.wehH3068,but I hateשְׂנֵאתִ֗יוse.ne.TivH8130him, becauseH3588he does not prophesyיִתְנַבֵּ֨אyit.na.Be'H5012goodטוֹב֙tOvH2896concerningעָלַ֥י'a.LaiH5921me, but evilרָ֔עRa'H7451. He isMicaiahמִיכָ֖יְהוּmi.Kha.ye.huH4321sonבֶּן־ben-H1121of Imlahיִמְלָ֑הyim.LahH3229.”But Jehoshaphatיְה֣וֹשָׁפָ֔טye.Ho.o.sha.FatH3092saidוַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙vai.Yo.merH559, “Let not the kingהַמֶּ֖לֶךְha.Me.lekhH4428sayיֹאמַ֥רyo.MarH559soכֵּֽן׃KenH3651.”
10Now the kingוּמֶ֣לֶךְu.Me.lekhH4428of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֡לYis.ra.'ElH3478and Jehoshaphatוִֽיהוֹשָׁפָ֣טvi.ho.sha.FatH3092kingמֶֽלֶךְ־Me.lekh-H4428of Judahיְהוּדָ֡הye.hu.DahH3063were sittingיֹשְׁבִים֩yo.she.VimH3427eachאִ֨ישׁ'ishH376on his throneכִּסְא֜וֹkis.'OH3678,arrayedמְלֻבָּשִׁ֤יםme.lu.ba.ShimH3847in theirrobesבְּגָדִים֙be.ga.DimH899,at the threshingבְּגֹ֔רֶןbe.Go.renH1637floorH1637at the entranceפֶּ֖תַחPe.tachH6607of the gateשַׁ֣עַרSha.'arH8179of Samariaשֹׁמְר֑וֹןsho.me.RonH8111; andallוְכָ֨ל־ve.kholH3605the prophetsהַנְּבִיאִ֔יםha.ne.vi.'ImH5030were prophesyingמִֽתְנַבְּאִ֖יםmit.na.be.'ImH5012beforeלִפְנֵיהֶֽם׃lif.nei.HemH6440them.
11Then Zedekiahצִדְקִיָּ֥הtzid.ki.YahH6667the sonבֶֽן־ven-H1121of Chenaanahכְּנַעֲנָ֖הke.na.'a.NahH3668madeוַיַּ֥עַשׂvai.Ya.'asH6213hornsקַרְנֵ֣יkar.NeiH7161of ironבַרְזֶ֑לvar.ZelH1270for himself and saidוַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙vai.Yo.merH559, “Thusכֹּֽה־koh-H3541saysאָמַ֣ר'a.MarH559the Lordיְהוָ֔הYah.wehH3068, ‘With theseבְּאֵ֛לֶּהbe.'E.lehH428you will goreתְּנַגַּ֥חte.na.GachH5055the Arameansאֲרָ֖ם'a.RamH758untilעַד־'ad-H5704they are consumedכַּלֹּתָֽם׃ka.lo.TamH3615.’”
12Allוְכָל־ve.kholH3605the prophetsהַנְּבִאִ֔יםha.ne.vi.'ImH5030were prophesyingנִבְּאִ֥יםni.be.'ImH5012thusכֵּ֖ןkenH3651,sayingלֵאמֹ֑רle.MorH559, “Goעֲלֵ֞ה'a.LehH5927up to Ramoth-gileadH7433and prosperוְהַצְלַ֔חve.hatz.LachH6743,for the Lordיְהוָ֖הYah.wehH3068will giveוְנָתַ֥ןve.na.TanH5414itinto the handבְּיַ֥דbe.YadH3027of the kingהַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ha.Me.lekhH4428.”
13Then the messengerוְהַמַּלְאָ֞ךְve.ha.mal.'AkhH4397whoאֲשֶׁר־'a.Sher-H834wentהָלַ֣ךְ׀ha.LakhH1980to summonלִקְרֹ֣אlik.Ro'H7121Micaiahמִיכָ֗יְהוּmi.Kha.ye.huH4321spokeדִּבֶּ֤רdi.BerH1696to him sayingלֵאמֹ֔רle.MorH559, “Beholdהִנֵּה־hi.neh-H2009nowנָ֞אna'H4994,the wordsדִּבְרֵ֧יdiv.ReiH1697of the prophetsהַנְּבִיאִ֛יםha.ne.vi.'ImH5030are uniformlyפֶּֽה־ אֶחָ֥דpeh- 'e.ChadH259H6310favorableט֖וֹבTovH2896to the kingהַמֶּ֑לֶךְha.Me.lekhH4428.Pleaseנָ֣אna'H4994let your wordדְבָרְךָ֗div.rei.khaH1697be like the wordכִּדְבַ֛רkid.VarH1697of oneאַחַ֥ד'a.ChadH259of them, and speakוְדִבַּ֥רְתָּve.di.Bar.taH1696favorablyטּֽוֹב׃TovH2896.”
15When he cameוַיָּבוֹא֮vai.ya.Vo'H935to the kingהַמֶּלֶךְ֒ha.me.leKhH4428,the kingהַמֶּ֜לֶךְha.Me.lekhH4428saidוַיֹּ֨אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559to him, “Micaiahמִיכָ֙יְהוּ֙mi.Kha.ye.huH4321,shall we goהֲנֵלֵ֞ךְha.ne.LekhH1980to Ramoth-gileadH7433to battleלַמִּלְחָמָ֖הla.mil.cha.MahH4421,orאִם־'im-H518shall we refrainנֶחְדָּ֑לnech.DalH2308?” And heansweredוַיֹּ֤אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559him, “Goעֲלֵ֣ה'a.LehH5927up and succeedוְהַצְלַ֔חve.hatz.LachH6743,and the Lordיְהוָ֖הYah.wehH3068will giveוְנָתַ֥ןve.na.TanH5414itinto the handבְּיַ֥דbe.YadH3027of the kingהַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ha.Me.lekhH4428.”
16Then the kingהַמֶּ֔לֶךְha.Me.lekhH4428saidוַיֹּ֤אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559to him, “HowH5704H4100manyH5704H4100timesפְעָמִ֖יםfe.'a.MimH6471must I adjureמַשְׁבִּעֶ֑ךָmash.bi.'E.khaH7650you to speakתְדַבֵּ֥רte.da.BerH1696to me nothingלֹֽא־lo'-H3808but the truthאֱמֶ֖ת'e.MetH571in the nameבְּשֵׁ֥םbe.ShemH8034of the Lordיְהוָֽה׃Yah.wehH3068?”
17So he saidוַיֹּ֗אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559, “I sawרָאִ֤יתִיra.'I.tiH7200allכָּל־kol-H3605Israelיִשְׂרָאֵל֙Yis.ra.'ElH3478Scatteredנְפֹצִ֣יםne.fo.TzimH6327on the mountainsהֶהָרִ֔יםhe.ha.RimH2022,Like sheepכַּצֹּ֕אןka.TzonH6629whichאֲשֶׁ֥ר'a.SherH834haveH369noH369shepherdרֹעֶ֑הro.'EhH7462.And the Lordיְהוָה֙Yah.wehH3068saidוַיֹּ֤אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559, ‘Theseלָאֵ֔לֶּהla.'E.lehH428have noלֹֽא־lo'-H3808masterאֲדֹנִ֣ים'a.do.NimH113.Let eachאִישׁ־'ish-H376of them returnיָשׁ֥וּבוּya.Shu.vuH7725to his houseלְבֵית֖וֹle.vei.ToH1004in peaceבְּשָׁלֽוֹם׃be.sha.LomH7965.’”
18Then the kingמֶֽלֶךְ־Me.lekh-H4428of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֖לYis.ra.'ElH3478saidוַיֹּ֥אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559to Jehoshaphatיְהוֹשָׁפָ֑טye.ho.sha.FatH3092, “Did I not tellאָמַ֣רְתִּי'a.Mar.tiH559you that he would not prophesyיִתְנַבֵּ֥אyit.na.Be'H5012goodט֖וֹבTovH2896concerningעָלַ֛י'a.LaiH5921me, but evilרָֽע׃Ra'H7451?”
19Micaiah saidוַיֹּ֕אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559, “Thereforeלָכֵ֖ןla.KhenH3651,hearשְׁמַ֣עshe.Ma'H8085the wordדְּבַר־de.var-H1697of the Lordיְהוָ֑הYah.wehH3068.I sawרָאִ֤יתִיra.'I.tiH7200the Lordיְהוָה֙Yah.wehH3068sittingיֹשֵׁ֣בyo.ShevH3427on His throneכִּסְא֔וֹkis.'OH3678, andallוְכָל־ve.kholH3605the hostצְבָ֤אtze.Va'H6635of heavenהַשָּׁמַ֙יִם֙ha.sha.Ma.yimH8064standingעֹמֵ֣ד'o.MedH5975by Him on His rightמִימִינ֖וֹmi.mi.NoH3225and on His leftוּמִשְּׂמֹאלֽוֹ׃u.mi.se.mo.LoH8040.
20The Lordיְהוָ֗הYah.wehH3068saidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559, ‘Whoמִ֤יmiH4310will enticeיְפַתֶּה֙ye.fa.TehH6601Ahabאַחְאָ֔ב'ach.'AvH256to goוְיַ֕עַלve.Ya.'alH5927up and fallוְיִפֹּ֖לve.yi.PolH5307at Ramoth-gileadH7433?’And oneזֶה֙zehH2088saidוַיֹּ֤אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559thisH3541while anotherוְזֶ֥הve.ZehH2088saidאֹמֵ֖ר'o.MerH559that.
22The Lordיְהוָ֛הYah.wehH3068saidוַיֹּ֧אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559to him, ‘Howבַּמָּֽה׃ba.MahH4100?’And he saidוַיֹּ֗אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559, ‘I will goאֵצֵא֙'e.Tze'H3318out andbe a deceivingשֶׁ֔קֶרShe.kerH8267spiritר֣וּחַRu.achH7307in the mouthבְּפִ֖יbe.FiH6310of allכָּל־kol-H3605his prophetsנְבִיאָ֑יוne.vi.'AvH5030.’Then He saidוַיֹּ֗אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559, ‘You are to enticeתְּפַתֶּה֙te.fa.TehH6601himand alsoוְגַם־ve.gam-H1571prevailתּוּכָ֔לtu.KhalH3201.Goצֵ֖אtze'H3318and doוַעֲשֵׂה־va.'a.seh-H6213soכֵֽן׃KhenH3651.’
23Nowוְעַתָּ֗הve.'a.TahH6258therefore, beholdהִנֵּ֨הhi.NehH2009,the Lordיְהוָה֙Yah.wehH3068has putנָתַ֤ןna.TanH5414a deceivingשֶׁ֔קֶרShe.kerH8267spiritר֣וּחַRu.achH7307in the mouthבְּפִ֖יbe.FiH6310of allכָּל־kol-H3605theseאֵ֑לֶּה'E.lehH428your prophetsנְבִיאֶ֣יךָne.vi.'Ei.khaH5030;and the Lordוַֽיהוָ֔הva.Yah.wehH3068has proclaimedדִּבֶּ֥רdi.BerH1696disasterH7463againstעָלֶ֖יךָ'a.Lei.khaH5921you.”
24ThenZedekiahצִדְקִיָּ֣הוּtzid.ki.Ya.huH6667the sonבֶֽן־ven-H1121of Chenaanahכְּנַעֲנָ֔הke.na.'a.NahH3668cameH5066nearH5066and struckוַיַּכֶּ֥הvai.ya.KehH5221Micaiahמִיכָ֖יְהוּmi.Kha.ye.huH4321on the cheekהַלֶּ֑חִיha.Le.chiH3895and saidוַיֹּ֕אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559, “Howאֵי־ זֶ֨ה'ei- zehH335H2088did the Spiritרֽוּחַ־Ru.ach-H7307of the Lordיְהוָ֛הYah.wehH3068passעָבַ֧ר'a.VarH5674from me to speakלְדַבֵּ֥רle.da.BerH1696to you?”
26Then the kingמֶ֣לֶךְMe.lekhH4428of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לYis.ra.'ElH3478saidוַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙vai.Yo.merH559, “Takeקַ֚חkachH3947Micaiahמִיכָ֔יְהוּmi.Kha.ye.huH4321and returnוַהֲשִׁיבֵ֖הוּva.ha.shi.Ve.huH7725him to Amonאָמֹ֣ן'a.MonH526the governorשַׂר־sar-H8269of the cityהָעִ֑ירha.'IrH5892and to JoashH3060the king’sהַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ha.Me.lekhH4428sonבֶּן־ben-H1121;
27and sayוְאָמַרְתָּ֗ve.'a.mar.TaH559, ‘Thusכֹּ֚הkohH3541saysאָמַ֣ר'a.MarH559the kingהַמֶּ֔לֶךְha.Me.lekhH4428, “Putשִׂ֥ימוּSi.muH7760thisזֶ֖הzehH2088man in prisonבֵּ֣ית הַכֶּ֑לֶאbeit ha.Ke.le'H1004H3608and feedוְהַאֲכִילֻ֨הוּve.ha.'a.khi.Lu.huH398himsparinglyH3906with breadלֶ֤חֶםLe.chemH3899and waterוּמַ֣יִםu.Ma.yimH4325untilעַ֖ד'adH5704I returnבֹּאִ֥יbo.'IH935safelyבְשָׁלֽוֹם׃ve.sha.LomH7965.”’”
28Micaiahמִיכָ֔יְהוּmi.Kha.ye.huH4321saidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559, “Ifאִם־'im-H518you indeedשׁ֤וֹבShovH7725returnתָּשׁוּב֙ta.ShuvH7725safelyבְּשָׁל֔וֹםbe.sha.LomH7965the Lordיְהוָ֖הYah.wehH3068has not spokenדִבֶּ֥רdi.BerH1696by me.” And he saidוַיֹּ֕אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559, “Listenשִׁמְע֖וּshim.'UH8085,allכֻּלָּֽם׃ku.LamH3605you peopleעַמִּ֥ים'a.MimH5971.”
30The kingמֶ֨לֶךְMe.lekhH4428of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֜לYis.ra.'ElH3478saidוַיֹּאמֶר֩vai.yo.MerH559to Jehoshaphatיְהוֹשָׁפָ֗טye.ho.sha.FatH3092, “I will disguiseהִתְחַפֵּשׂ֙hit.cha.PesH2664myself and goוָבֹ֣אva.Vo'H935into the battleבַמִּלְחָמָ֔הva.mil.cha.MahH4421,but you putלְבַ֣שׁle.VashH3847on your robesבְּגָדֶ֑יךָbe.ga.Dei.khaH899.”So the kingמֶ֣לֶךְMe.lekhH4428of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לYis.ra.'ElH3478disguisedוַיִּתְחַפֵּשׂ֙vai.yit.cha.PesH2664himself and wentוַיָּב֖וֹאvai.ya.Vo'H935into the battleבַּמִּלְחָמָֽה׃ba.mil.cha.MahH4421.
31Nowthe kingוּמֶ֣לֶךְu.Me.lekhH4428of Aramאֲרָ֡ם'a.RamH758had commandedצִוָּ֣הtzi.VahH6680the thirty-twoשְׁלֹשִׁ֤ים וּשְׁנַ֙יִם֙she.lo.Shim u.she.Na.yimH7970H8147captainsשָׂרֵי֩sa.ReiH8269of his chariotsהָרֶ֨כֶבha.Re.khevH7393,sayingלֵאמֹ֔רle.MorH559, “Do not fightתִּלָּ֣חֲמ֔וּti.La.cha.MuH3898with smallקָטֹ֖ןka.TonH6996or greatגָּד֑וֹלga.DolH1419,but with the kingמֶ֥לֶךְMe.lekhH4428of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֖לYis.ra.'ElH3478aloneלְבַדּֽוֹ׃le.va.DoH905.”
32So when the captainsשָׂרֵ֨יsa.ReiH8269of the chariotsהָרֶ֜כֶבha.Re.khevH7393sawכִּרְאוֹת֩kir.'OtH7200Jehoshaphatיְהוֹשָׁפָ֗טye.ho.sha.FatH3092,they saidאָֽמְרוּ֙'a.me.RuH559, “Surelyאַ֣ךְ'akhH389it is the kingמֶֽלֶךְ־Me.lekh-H4428of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֣לYis.ra.'ElH3478,”and they turnedH5493asideוַיָּסֻ֥רוּvai.ya.Su.ruH5493to fightלְהִלָּחֵ֑םle.hi.la.ChemH3898againstעָלָ֖יו'a.LavH5921him, and Jehoshaphatיְהוֹשָׁפָֽט׃ye.ho.sha.FatH3092criedוַיִּזְעַ֖קvai.yiz.'AkH2199out.
34Now a certain manוְאִ֗ישׁve.'IshH376drewמָשַׁ֤ךְma.ShakhH4900his bowבַּקֶּ֙שֶׁת֙ba.Ke.shetH7198at randomלְתֻמּ֔וֹle.tu.MoH8537and struckוַיַּכֶּה֙vai.ya.KehH5221the kingמֶ֣לֶךְMe.lekhH4428of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לYis.ra.'ElH3478in a jointהַדְּבָקִ֖יםha.de.va.KimH1694of the armorהַשִּׁרְיָ֑ןha.shir.YanH8302.So he saidוַיֹּ֣אמֶרvai.Yo.merH559to the driverH7395of his chariotH7395, “Turnהֲפֹ֥ךְha.FokhH2015aroundיָדְךָ֛ya.de.KhaH3027and takeוְהוֹצִיאֵ֥נִיve.ho.tzi.'E.niH3318me out of thefightהַֽמַּחֲנֶ֖הha.ma.cha.NehH4264;for I amH2470severelyH2470woundedהָחֳלֵֽיתִי׃ho.cho.Lei.tiH2470.”
35The battleהַמִּלְחָמָה֙ha.mil.cha.MahH4421ragedוַתַּעֲלֶ֤הva.ta.'a.LehH5927that dayבַּיּ֣וֹםbai.YomH3117,and the kingוְהַמֶּ֗לֶךְve.ha.Me.lekhH4428was proppedמָעֳמָ֛דmo.'o.MadH5975up in his chariotבַּמֶּרְכָּבָ֖הba.mer.ka.VahH4818in frontנֹ֣כַחNo.khachH5227of the Arameansאֲרָ֑ם'a.RamH758,and diedוַיָּ֣מָתvai.Ya.motH4191at eveningבָּעֶ֔רֶבba.'E.revH6153,and the bloodדַּֽם־dam-H1818from the woundהַמַּכָּ֖הha.ma.KahH4347ranוַיִּ֥צֶקvai.Yi.tzekH3332into the bottomחֵ֥יקcheikH2436of the chariotהָרָֽכֶב׃ha.Ra.khevH7393.
Commentaries on 1 Kings 22
- Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
- Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
- Matthew Henry Concise Commentary
- Tyndale Open Study Notes
- Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary
- Rashi on Tanakh
- Keil & Delitzsch Commentary
- Darby Translation Notes
- Geneva Bible Translation Notes
- Kingcomments
- Matthew Henry’s Complete Commentary
- Matthew Henry’s Modern English Commentary
- Scofield Reference Notes, 1917 Edition
- Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary
- EGW Writings
New American Standard Bible 1995 — © 1960–1995 The Lockman Foundation. All rights reserved.
Commentaries