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1 Samuel 30
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New American Standard Bible 2020

1 Samuel 30

David’s Victory over the Amalekites

1Then it happened, when David and his men came to 1Ziklag on the third day, that 2the Amalekites had carried out an attack on the 3Negev and on 4Ziklag, and had 5overthrown Ziklag and burned it with fire; 2and they took captive the women and all who were in it, from the small to the great, 67without killing anyone, and drove them off and went their way. 3When David and his men came to the city, behold, it was burned with fire, and their wives, their sons, and their daughters had been taken captive. 4Then David and the people who were with him 8raised their voices and wept until there was no strength in them to weep. 5Now 9David’s two wives had been taken captive, Ahinoam the Jezreelitess and Abigail the 10widow of Nabal the Carmelite. 6Also, David was in great distress because 11the people spoke of stoning him, for all the people were 12embittered, each one because of his sons and his daughters. But 13David felt strengthened in the Lord his God.

7Then 14David said to 15Abiathar the priest, the son of Ahimelech, “Please bring me the ephod.” So Abiathar brought the ephod to David. 8And 16David inquired of the Lord, saying, “17Shall I pursue this band of raiders? Will I overtake them?” And He said to him, “Pursue, for you will certainly overtake them, 18and you will certainly rescue everyone.” 9So David left, 19he and the six hundred men who were with him, and they came to the brook Besor, where some who were left behind stayed. 10But David pursued, he and four hundred men, for 20two hundred who were too exhausted to cross the brook Besor stayed behind.

11Now they found an Egyptian in the field and brought him to David, and gave him bread and he ate, and they provided him water to drink. 12They also gave him a slice of fig cake and two cakes of raisins, and he ate; 21then his spirit 22revived. For he had not eaten bread or drunk water for three days and three nights. 13Then David said to him, “To whom do you belong? And where are you from?” And he said, “I am a young man of Egypt, a servant of an Amalekite; and my master abandoned me when I became sick three days ago. 14We carried out an attack on 23the 24Negev of the Cherethites, and on that which belongs to Judah, and on 25the 26Negev of Caleb, and 27we burned Ziklag with fire.” 15Then David said to him, “Will you bring me down to this band of raiders?” And he said, “Swear to me by God that you will not kill me or hand me over to my master, and I will bring you down to this band.”

16Now when he had brought him down, behold, they were dispersed over all the land, 28eating and drinking and celebrating because of 29all the great plunder that they had taken from the land of the Philistines and from the land of Judah. 17And David 30slaughtered them 31from the twilight 32until the evening of 33the next day; and not a man of them escaped, except four hundred young men who rode on 34camels and fled. 18So David 35recovered all that the Amalekites had taken, and 36rescued his two wives. 19And nothing of theirs was missing, whether small or great, sons or daughters, plunder, or anything that they had taken for themselves; 37David brought it all back. 20So David had 38captured all the sheep and the cattle which the people drove ahead of 39the other livestock, and they said, “40This is David’s plunder.”

The Plunder Is Divided

21When 41David came to the two hundred men who were too exhausted to follow David and 42had been left behind at the brook Besor, and they went out to meet David and to meet the people who were with him, then David approached the people and greeted them. 22Then all the wicked and 43worthless men among those who went with David said, “Since they did not go with 44us, we will not give them any of the spoils that we have recovered, except to every man his wife and his children, so that they may lead them away and leave.” 23But David said, “You must not do so, my brothers, with what the Lord has given us, for He has protected us and handed over to us the band of raiders that came against us. 24And who will listen to you in this matter? For 45as is the share of the one who goes down into the battle, so shall be the share of the one who stays by the baggage; they shall share alike.” 25So it has been from that day forward, that he made it a statute and an ordinance for Israel to this day.

26Now when David came to Ziklag, he sent some of the spoils to the elders of Judah, to his friends, saying, “Behold, 46a 47gift for you from the spoils of 48the enemies of the Lord: 27to those who were in 49Bethel, to those who were in 50Ramoth of the 51Negev, to those who were in 52Jattir, 28to those who were in 53Aroer, to those who were in Siphmoth, to those who were in 54Eshtemoa, 29to those who were in Racal, to those who were in the cities of 55the Jerahmeelites, to those who were in the cities of 56the Kenites, 30to those who were in 57Hormah, to those who were in 58Bor-ashan, to those who were in Athach, 31to those who were in 59Hebron, and to all the places where David himself and his men 60walked.”

Notes

  1. 1. 1 Samuel 30:1 1 Sam 29:4, 11 ↩
  2. 2. 1 Samuel 30:1 1 Sam 15:7; 27:8-10 ↩
  3. 3. 1 Samuel 30:1 I.e., South country ↩
  4. 4. 1 Samuel 30:1 1 Sam 27:6, 8 ↩
  5. 5. 1 Samuel 30:1 Lit struck ↩
  6. 6. 1 Samuel 30:2 Lit they did not kill ↩
  7. 7. 1 Samuel 30:2 1 Sam 27:11 ↩
  8. 8. 1 Samuel 30:4 Num 14:1 ↩
  9. 9. 1 Samuel 30:5 1 Sam 25:42, 43; 2 Sam 2:2 ↩
  10. 10. 1 Samuel 30:5 Lit wife ↩
  11. 11. 1 Samuel 30:6 Ex 17:4; John 8:59 ↩
  12. 12. 1 Samuel 30:6 Lit bitter of soul ↩
  13. 13. 1 Samuel 30:6 1 Sam 23:16; Ps 18:2; 27:14; 31:24; 71:4, 5; Rom 4:20 ↩
  14. 14. 1 Samuel 30:7 1 Sam 23:6, 9 ↩
  15. 15. 1 Samuel 30:7 1 Sam 22:20-23 ↩
  16. 16. 1 Samuel 30:8 1 Sam 23:2, 4; Ps 50:15; 91:15 ↩
  17. 17. 1 Samuel 30:8 Ex 15:9 ↩
  18. 18. 1 Samuel 30:8 1 Sam 30:18 ↩
  19. 19. 1 Samuel 30:9 1 Sam 27:2 ↩
  20. 20. 1 Samuel 30:10 1 Sam 30:9, 21 ↩
  21. 21. 1 Samuel 30:12 Judg 15:19 ↩
  22. 22. 1 Samuel 30:12 Lit returned to him ↩
  23. 23. 1 Samuel 30:14 1 Sam 30:1, 16; 2 Sam 8:18; 1 Kin 1:38, 44; Ezek 25:16; Zeph 2:5 ↩
  24. 24. 1 Samuel 30:14 I.e., South country ↩
  25. 25. 1 Samuel 30:14 Josh 14:13; 15:13; 21:12 ↩
  26. 26. 1 Samuel 30:14 I.e., South country ↩
  27. 27. 1 Samuel 30:14 1 Sam 30:1 ↩
  28. 28. 1 Samuel 30:16 Luke 12:19; 17:27f ↩
  29. 29. 1 Samuel 30:16 1 Sam 30:14 ↩
  30. 30. 1 Samuel 30:17 Lit struck ↩
  31. 31. 1 Samuel 30:17 1 Sam 11:11 ↩
  32. 32. 1 Samuel 30:17 Lit even until ↩
  33. 33. 1 Samuel 30:17 Lit their ↩
  34. 34. 1 Samuel 30:17 Judg 7:12; 1 Sam 15:3 ↩
  35. 35. 1 Samuel 30:18 Gen 14:16 ↩
  36. 36. 1 Samuel 30:18 Lit David rescued ↩
  37. 37. 1 Samuel 30:19 1 Sam 30:8 ↩
  38. 38. 1 Samuel 30:20 Lit taken ↩
  39. 39. 1 Samuel 30:20 Lit those livestock ↩
  40. 40. 1 Samuel 30:20 1 Sam 30:26-31 ↩
  41. 41. 1 Samuel 30:21 1 Sam 30:10 ↩
  42. 42. 1 Samuel 30:21 Lit they left them ↩
  43. 43. 1 Samuel 30:22 Lit sons of Belial ↩
  44. 44. 1 Samuel 30:22 Lit me ↩
  45. 45. 1 Samuel 30:24 Num 31:27; Josh 22:8 ↩
  46. 46. 1 Samuel 30:26 1 Sam 25:27 ↩
  47. 47. 1 Samuel 30:26 Lit blessing ↩
  48. 48. 1 Samuel 30:26 1 Sam 18:17; 25:28 ↩
  49. 49. 1 Samuel 30:27 Gen 12:8; Josh 7:2; 8:9; 16:1 ↩
  50. 50. 1 Samuel 30:27 Josh 19:8 ↩
  51. 51. 1 Samuel 30:27 I.e., South country ↩
  52. 52. 1 Samuel 30:27 Josh 15:48; 21:14 ↩
  53. 53. 1 Samuel 30:28 Josh 13:16; 1 Chr 11:44 ↩
  54. 54. 1 Samuel 30:28 Josh 15:50 ↩
  55. 55. 1 Samuel 30:29 1 Sam 27:10 ↩
  56. 56. 1 Samuel 30:29 Judg 1:16; 1 Sam 15:6 ↩
  57. 57. 1 Samuel 30:30 Num 14:45; 21:3; Josh 12:14; 15:30; 19:4; Judg 1:17 ↩
  58. 58. 1 Samuel 30:30 Josh 15:42; 19:7 ↩
  59. 59. 1 Samuel 30:31 Num 13:22; Josh 14:13-15; 21:11-13; 2 Sam 2:1 ↩
  60. 60. 1 Samuel 30:31 1 Sam 23:22 ↩

Commentaries on 1 Samuel 30

New American Standard Bible 2020 — © 1960–2020 The Lockman Foundation. All rights reserved.