John 18:28

John 18:28 in other versions

• King James Version (KJV)Then led they Jesus from Caiaphas unto the hall of judgment: and it was early; and they themselves went not into the judgment hall, lest they should be defiled; but that they might eat the passover.
• New International Version (NIV)Then the Jewish leaders took Jesus from Caiaphas to the palace of the Roman governor. By now it was early morning, and to avoid ceremonial uncleanness they did not enter the palace, because they wanted to be able to eat the Passover.
• English Standard Version (ESV)Then they led Jesus from the house of Caiaphas to the governor's headquarters. It was early morning. They themselves did not enter the governor's headquarters, so that they would not be defiled, but could eat the Passover.
• New King James Version (NKJV)Then they led Jesus from Caiaphas to the Praetorium, and it was early morning. But they themselves did not go into the Praetorium, lest they should be defiled, but that they might eat the Passover.

Context of John 18:28

26But one of the household slaves of the high priest, a relative of the man whose ear Peter had cut off, asked, “Didn’t I see you out there in the olive grove with Jesus?” 27Again Peter denied it. And immediately a rooster crowed. Jesus’ trial before Caiaphas ended in the early hours of the morning. Then he was taken to the headquarters of the Roman governor. His accusers didn’t go inside because it would defile them, and they wouldn’t be allowed to celebrate the Passover. 29So Pilate, the governor, went out to them and asked, “What is your charge against this man?” 30“We wouldn’t have handed him over to you if he weren’t a criminal!” they retorted.

John 18:28 word by word

Ἄγουσιν οὖν τὸν Ἰησοῦν ἀπὸ τοῦ Καϊάφα εἰς τὸ πραιτώριον· ἦν δὲ πρωΐ. καὶ αὐτοὶ οὐκ εἰσῆλθον εἰς τὸ πραιτώριον, ἵνα μὴ μιανθῶσιν ἀλλὰ φάγωσιν τὸ πάσχα.Read the interlinear

Words taken from the KJV.

• ·ὁho hē to · the/this/whoG3588
• Thenοὖνoun · therefore/thenG3767
• led theyἄγωagō · to bringG71
• JesusἸησοῦςIēsous · JesusG2424
• fromἀπόapo · away fromG575
• CaiaphasΚαϊάφαςKaiaphas · CaiaphasG2533
• untoεἰςeis · towardG1519
• the hall of judgmentπραιτώριονpraitōrion · praetoriumG4232
• andδέde · thenG1161
• it wasεἰμίeimi · to beG1510
• earlyπρωΐαprōia · early morningG4405
• andκαίkai · andG2532
• theyεἰσέρχομαιeiserchomai · to enterG1525
• themselvesαὐτόςautos · it/s/heG846
• notοὐou · noG3756
• lestἵναhina · in order that/toG2443
• ·μήmē · notG3361
• they should be defiledμιαίνωmiainō · to stainG3392
• butἀλλάalla · butG235
• they might eatφαγεῖνphagō · to eatG5315
• the passoverπάσχαpascha · Passover lambG3957

Cross-references for John 18:28

• Matthew 27:1Very early in the morning the leading priests and the elders of the people met again to lay plans for putting Jesus to death.
• Mark 15:1Very early in the morning the leading priests, the elders, and the teachers of religious law—the entire high council—met to discuss their next step. They bound Jesus, led him away, and took him to Pilate, the Roman governor.
• Luke 23:1Then the entire council took Jesus to Pilate, the Roman governor.
• Acts 3:13For it is the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob—the God of all our ancestors—who has brought glory to his servant Jesus by doing this. This is the same Jesus whom you handed over and rejected before Pilate, despite Pilate’s decision to release him.
• John 18:33Then Pilate went back into his headquarters and called for Jesus to be brought to him. “Are you the king of the Jews?” he asked him.
• John 19:9He took Jesus back into the headquarters again and asked him, “Where are you from?” But Jesus gave no answer.
• Matthew 27:27Some of the governor’s soldiers took Jesus into their headquarters and called out the entire regiment.
• Mark 15:16The soldiers took Jesus into the courtyard of the governor’s headquarters (called the Praetorium) and called out the entire regiment.
• Proverbs 1:16They rush to commit evil deeds. They hurry to commit murder.
• Proverbs 4:16For evil people can’t sleep until they’ve done their evil deed for the day. They can’t rest until they’ve caused someone to stumble.
• Micah 2:1What sorrow awaits you who lie awake at night, thinking up evil plans. You rise at dawn and hurry to carry them out, simply because you have the power to do so.
• Luke 22:66At daybreak all the elders of the people assembled, including the leading priests and the teachers of religious law. Jesus was led before this high council,
• Psalms 35:16They mock me and call me names; they snarl at me.
• Isaiah 1:10Listen to the Lord, you leaders of “Sodom.” Listen to the law of our God, people of “Gomorrah.”
• Jeremiah 7:8“‘Don’t be fooled into thinking that you will never suffer because the Temple is here. It’s a lie!
• Amos 5:21“I hate all your show and pretense— the hypocrisy of your religious festivals and solemn assemblies.

Commentaries on John 18:28

• Adam Clarke Bible Commentary · v. 28The hall of judgment - , To the praetorium. This was the house where Pilate lodged; hence called in our margin, Pilate's house. The praetorium is so called from being the dwelling-place of the praetor, or chief of the province. It was also the place where he held his court, and tried causes. St. John has omitted all that passed in the house of Caiaphas - the accusations brought against Christ - the false witnesses - the insults which he received in the…Read the comment
• Barnes’ Notes on the Bible · v. 28See Matthew 27:1-2. Hall of judgment - The praetorium - the same word that in Matthew 27:27, is translated “common hall.” See the notes on that place. It was the place where the Roman proctor, or governor, heard and decided cases brought before him. Jesus had been condemned by the Sanhedrin, and pronounced guilty of death Matthew 26:66; but they had not power to carry their sentence into execution John 18:31, and they therefore sought that he might be…Read the comment
• Matthew Henry Concise Commentary · v. 28-32Verses 28-32 It was unjust to put one to death who had done so much good, therefore the Jews were willing to save themselves from reproach. Many fear the scandal of an ill thing, more than the sin of it. Christ had said he should be delivered to the Gentiles, and they should put him to death; hereby that saying was fulfilled. He had said that he should be crucified, lifted up. If the Jews had judged him by their law, he had been stoned; crucifying never…Read the comment
• Tyndale Open Study Notes · v. 28The trial before Caiaphas ended in the early hours of the morning. The Sanhedrin (Jewish high council) did not have the power to execute someone. They needed Pilate, the Roman governor, to carry out an execution (18:31). They did not want to become ritually unclean by contact with Gentiles in Pilate’s headquarters. So Pilate, probably fearing a riot, went outside to meet them. The Passover meal itself had taken place the night before (see 13:1; Mark…Read the comment
• Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary · v. 2828. Then led they Jesus from Caiaphas to the hall of judgment--but not till "in the morning the chief priests held a consultation with the elders and scribes and the whole council against Him to put Him to death, and bound Him" (Mt 27:1; and see on Mr 15:1). The word here rendered "hall of judgment" is from the Latin, and denotes "the palace of the governor of a Roman province." they themselves went not into the judgment hall lest they should be…Read the comment

Topics related to John 18:28

• Caiaphas
• Court
• Defilement
• Hypocrisy
• Jerusalem
• Jesus, the Christ
• Passover
• Pilate, Pontius
• Pretorium
• Priest
• Prisoners

In the dictionaries

• Caiaphas
• Jesus
• Caiaphas, or Caiaphas
• Jesus, Jesus Christ, Christ Jesus
• Judgment hall
• Abomination
• Gabbatha
• Judge
• Praetorium
• Resort

Commentaries on John 18

• Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
• Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
• Matthew Henry Concise Commentary
• Tyndale Open Study Notes
• Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary
• Calvin’s Commentaries
• John Wesley’s Notes
• Catena Aurea
• Illustrated New Testament
• Burkitt’s Expository Notes
• Darby Translation Notes
• Family Bible Notes
• Geneva Bible Translation Notes
• Kingcomments
• John Lightfoot Commentary
• Matthew Henry’s Complete Commentary
• Matthew Henry’s Modern English Commentary
• The People’s New Testament
• Robertson’s Word Pictures
• Scofield Reference Notes, 1917 Edition
• The Fourfold Gospel and Commentary on Acts
• Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary
• EGW Writings