John 18:28

John 18:28 in other versions

• King James Version (KJV)Then led they Jesus from Caiaphas unto the hall of judgment: and it was early; and they themselves went not into the judgment hall, lest they should be defiled; but that they might eat the passover.
• New International Version (NIV)Then the Jewish leaders took Jesus from Caiaphas to the palace of the Roman governor. By now it was early morning, and to avoid ceremonial uncleanness they did not enter the palace, because they wanted to be able to eat the Passover.
• English Standard Version (ESV)Then they led Jesus from the house of Caiaphas to the governor's headquarters. It was early morning. They themselves did not enter the governor's headquarters, so that they would not be defiled, but could eat the Passover.
• New King James Version (NKJV)Then they led Jesus from Caiaphas to the Praetorium, and it was early morning. But they themselves did not go into the Praetorium, lest they should be defiled, but that they might eat the Passover.

Context of John 18:28

26One of the high priest’s servants, a relative of the one whose ear Peter cut off, said, “Did I not see you with Him in the garden?” 27So Peter denied it again, and immediately a rooster crowed. Then the Jews led Jesus from Caiaphas to the Praetorium (governor’s palace). Now it was early and the Jews did not enter the Praetorium so that they would not be [ceremonially] unclean, but might [be able to] eat [and participate in the Feast of Unleavened Bread which began after] the Passover [supper]. 29So Pilate came out to them and asked, “What accusation do you bring against this Man?” 30They answered, “If He were not a criminal, we would not have handed Him over to you [for judgment].”

John 18:28 word by word

Ἄγουσιν οὖν τὸν Ἰησοῦν ἀπὸ τοῦ Καϊάφα εἰς τὸ πραιτώριον· ἦν δὲ πρωΐ. καὶ αὐτοὶ οὐκ εἰσῆλθον εἰς τὸ πραιτώριον, ἵνα μὴ μιανθῶσιν ἀλλὰ φάγωσιν τὸ πάσχα.Read the interlinear

Words taken from the KJV.

• ·ὁho hē to · the/this/whoG3588
• Thenοὖνoun · therefore/thenG3767
• led theyἄγωagō · to bringG71
• JesusἸησοῦςIēsous · JesusG2424
• fromἀπόapo · away fromG575
• CaiaphasΚαϊάφαςKaiaphas · CaiaphasG2533
• untoεἰςeis · towardG1519
• the hall of judgmentπραιτώριονpraitōrion · praetoriumG4232
• andδέde · thenG1161
• it wasεἰμίeimi · to beG1510
• earlyπρωΐαprōia · early morningG4405
• andκαίkai · andG2532
• theyεἰσέρχομαιeiserchomai · to enterG1525
• themselvesαὐτόςautos · it/s/heG846
• notοὐou · noG3756
• lestἵναhina · in order that/toG2443
• ·μήmē · notG3361
• they should be defiledμιαίνωmiainō · to stainG3392
• butἀλλάalla · butG235
• they might eatφαγεῖνphagō · to eatG5315
• the passoverπάσχαpascha · Passover lambG3957

Cross-references for John 18:28

• Matthew 27:1When it was morning, all the chief priests and the elders of the people (Sanhedrin, Jewish High Court) conferred together against Jesus, [plotting how] to put Him to death [since under Roman rule they had no power to execute anyone];
• Mark 15:1Early in the morning the chief priests, with the elders and scribes and the whole Council (Sanhedrin, Jewish High Court), immediately consulted together; and they bound Jesus, they took Him away [violently] and handed Him over to Pilate.
• Luke 23:1Then the whole assembly got up and brought Him before Pilate.
• Acts 3:13The God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, the God of our fathers, has glorified His Servant and Son Jesus [doing Him this honor], the One whom you handed over and disowned and rejected before Pilate, when he had decided to release Him.
• John 18:33So Pilate went into the Praetorium again, and called Jesus and asked Him, “Are You the King of the Jews?”
• John 19:9He went into the Praetorium again and said to Jesus, “Where are You from?” But Jesus did not answer him.
• Matthew 27:27Then the governor’s soldiers took Jesus into the Praetorium, and they gathered the whole Roman cohort around Him.
• Mark 15:16The soldiers led Him away into the palace (that is, the Praetorium), and they called together the entire [Roman] battalion [of 600 soldiers].
• Proverbs 1:16For their feet run to evil, And they hurry to shed blood.
• Proverbs 4:16For the wicked cannot sleep unless they do evil; And they are deprived of sleep unless they make someone stumble and fall.
• Micah 2:1Woe (judgment is coming) to those who devise wickedness And plot evil on their beds! When morning comes, they practice evil Because it is in the power of their hands.
• Luke 22:66When day came, the Council of the elders of the people (Sanhedrin, Jewish High Court) assembled, both chief priests and scribes; and they led Jesus away to the council chamber, saying,
• Psalms 35:16Like godless jesters at a feast, They gnashed at me with their teeth [in malice].
• Isaiah 1:10Hear the word of the Lord [rulers of Jerusalem], You rulers of [another] Sodom, Listen to the law and instruction of our God, You people of [another] Gomorrah.
• Jeremiah 7:8“Behold, you are trusting in deceptive and useless words that bring no benefit.
• Amos 5:21“I hate, I despise and reject your [sacred] feasts, And I do not take delight in your solemn assemblies.

Commentaries on John 18:28

• Adam Clarke Bible Commentary · v. 28The hall of judgment - , To the praetorium. This was the house where Pilate lodged; hence called in our margin, Pilate's house. The praetorium is so called from being the dwelling-place of the praetor, or chief of the province. It was also the place where he held his court, and tried causes. St. John has omitted all that passed in the house of Caiaphas - the accusations brought against Christ - the false witnesses - the insults which he received in the…Read the comment
• Barnes’ Notes on the Bible · v. 28See Matthew 27:1-2. Hall of judgment - The praetorium - the same word that in Matthew 27:27, is translated “common hall.” See the notes on that place. It was the place where the Roman proctor, or governor, heard and decided cases brought before him. Jesus had been condemned by the Sanhedrin, and pronounced guilty of death Matthew 26:66; but they had not power to carry their sentence into execution John 18:31, and they therefore sought that he might be…Read the comment
• Matthew Henry Concise Commentary · v. 28-32Verses 28-32 It was unjust to put one to death who had done so much good, therefore the Jews were willing to save themselves from reproach. Many fear the scandal of an ill thing, more than the sin of it. Christ had said he should be delivered to the Gentiles, and they should put him to death; hereby that saying was fulfilled. He had said that he should be crucified, lifted up. If the Jews had judged him by their law, he had been stoned; crucifying never…Read the comment
• Tyndale Open Study Notes · v. 28The trial before Caiaphas ended in the early hours of the morning. The Sanhedrin (Jewish high council) did not have the power to execute someone. They needed Pilate, the Roman governor, to carry out an execution (18:31). They did not want to become ritually unclean by contact with Gentiles in Pilate’s headquarters. So Pilate, probably fearing a riot, went outside to meet them. The Passover meal itself had taken place the night before (see 13:1; Mark…Read the comment
• Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary · v. 2828. Then led they Jesus from Caiaphas to the hall of judgment--but not till "in the morning the chief priests held a consultation with the elders and scribes and the whole council against Him to put Him to death, and bound Him" (Mt 27:1; and see on Mr 15:1). The word here rendered "hall of judgment" is from the Latin, and denotes "the palace of the governor of a Roman province." they themselves went not into the judgment hall lest they should be…Read the comment

Topics related to John 18:28

• Caiaphas
• Court
• Defilement
• Hypocrisy
• Jerusalem
• Jesus, the Christ
• Passover
• Pilate, Pontius
• Pretorium
• Priest
• Prisoners

In the dictionaries

• Caiaphas
• Jesus
• Caiaphas, or Caiaphas
• Jesus, Jesus Christ, Christ Jesus
• Judgment hall
• Abomination
• Gabbatha
• Judge
• Praetorium
• Resort

Commentaries on John 18

• Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
• Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
• Matthew Henry Concise Commentary
• Tyndale Open Study Notes
• Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary
• Calvin’s Commentaries
• John Wesley’s Notes
• Catena Aurea
• Illustrated New Testament
• Burkitt’s Expository Notes
• Darby Translation Notes
• Family Bible Notes
• Geneva Bible Translation Notes
• Kingcomments
• John Lightfoot Commentary
• Matthew Henry’s Complete Commentary
• Matthew Henry’s Modern English Commentary
• The People’s New Testament
• Robertson’s Word Pictures
• Scofield Reference Notes, 1917 Edition
• The Fourfold Gospel and Commentary on Acts
• Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary
• EGW Writings