Hebrews 1:13

Hebrews 1:13 in other versions

• King James Version (KJV)But to which of the angels said he at any time, Sit on my right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool?
• New International Version (NIV)To which of the angels did God ever say, “Sit at my right hand until I make your enemies a footstool for your feet”?
• English Standard Version (ESV)And to which of the angels has he ever said, "Sit at my right hand until I make your enemies a footstool for your feet"?
• New King James Version (NKJV)But to which of the angels has He ever said: “Sit at My right hand, Till I make Your enemies Your footstool”?

Context of Hebrews 1:13

11They will perish, but You remain [forever and ever]; And they will all wear out like a garment, 12And like a robe You will roll them up; Like a garment they will be changed. But You are the same [forever], And Your years will never end.” But to which of the angels has the Father ever said, “Sit at My right hand [together with me in royal dignity], Until I make your enemies A footstool for your feet [in triumphant conquest]”? 14Are not all the angels ministering spirits sent out [by God] to serve (accompany, protect) those who will inherit salvation? [Of course they are!]

Hebrews 1:13 word by word

πρὸς τίνα δὲ τῶν ἀγγέλων εἴρηκέν ποτε· κάθου ἐκ δεξιῶν μου ἕως ἂν θῶ τοὺς ἐχθρούς σου ὑποπόδιον τῶν ποδῶν σου;Read the interlinear

Words taken from the KJV.

• Butδέde · thenG1161
• toπρόςpros · to/withG4314
• whichτίςtis · which?G5101
• of the angelsὁho hē to · the/this/whoG3588
• of the angelsἄγγελοςaggelos · angelG32
• said heἐρῶereō · to sayG2046
• at any timeποτέpote · once/whenG4218
• Sitκάθημαιkathēmai · to sitG2521
• onἐκek ex · out fromG1537
• myἐγώegō · I/weG1473
• right handδεξιόςdexios · rightG1188
• untilἕωςheōs · untilG2193
• ·ἄνan · ifG302
• I makeτίθημιtithēmi · to placeG5087
• thineσύsu · youG4771
• enemiesἐχθρόςechthros · enemyG2190
• ·πούςpous · footG4228
• footstoolὑποπόδιονhupopodion · footstoolG5286

Cross-references for Hebrews 1:13

• Hebrews 1:5For to which of the angels did the Father ever say, “You are My Son, Today I have begotten (fathered) You [established You as a Son, with kingly dignity]”? And again [did He ever say to the angels], “I shall be a Father to Him And He shall be a Son to Me”?
• Hebrews 1:3The Son is the radiance and only expression of the glory of [our awesome] God [reflecting God’s Shekinah glory, the Light-being, the brilliant light of the divine], and the exact representation and perfect imprint of His [Father’s] essence, and upholding and maintaining and propelling all things [the entire physical and spiritual universe] by His powerful word [carrying the universe along to its predetermined goal]. When He [Himself and no other] had [by offering Himself on the cross as a sacrifice for sin] accomplished purification from sins and established our freedom from guilt, He sat down [revealing His completed work] at the right hand of the Majesty on high [revealing His Divine authority],
• Hebrews 10:12whereas Christ, having offered the one sacrifice [the all-sufficient sacrifice of Himself] for sins for all time, sat down [signifying the completion of atonement for sin] at the right hand of God [the position of honor],
• Psalms 110:1The Lord (Father) says to my Lord (the Messiah, His Son), “Sit at My right hand Until I make Your enemies a footstool for Your feet [subjugating them into complete submission].”
• Matthew 22:44‘The Lord (the Father) said to my Lord (the Son, the Messiah), “Sit at My right hand, Until I put Your enemies under Your feet” ’?
• Mark 12:36David himself said [when inspired] by the Holy Spirit, ‘The Lord (the Father) said to my Lord (the Son, the Messiah), “Sit at My right hand, Until I put Your enemies under Your feet.” ’
• Luke 20:42For David himself says in the book of Psalms, ‘The Lord (the Father) said to my Lord (the Son, the Messiah), “Sit at My right hand,
• Acts 2:34For David did not ascend into the heavens, yet he himself says, ‘The Lord [the Father] said to my Lord [the Son], “Sit at My right hand,
• Acts 7:55But he, being full of the Holy Spirit and led by Him, gazed into heaven and saw the glory [the great splendor and majesty] of God, and Jesus standing at the right hand of God;
• Psalms 21:8Your hand will reach out and defeat all your enemies; Your right hand will reach those who hate you.
• Psalms 132:18His enemies I will clothe with shame, But upon himself shall his crown shine.”
• Isaiah 63:3“I have trodden the wine trough alone, And of the peoples there was no one with Me. I also trod them in My anger And trampled them in My wrath; And their lifeblood is sprinkled on My garments, And I stained all My clothes.
• Luke 19:27[The king ended by saying,] ‘But as for these enemies of mine who did not want me to be king over them, bring them here and kill them in my presence.’ ”
• 1 Corinthians 15:25For Christ must reign [as King] until He has put all His enemies under His feet.
• Revelation 19:11And I saw heaven opened, and behold, a white horse, and He who was riding it is called Faithful and True (trustworthy, loyal, incorruptible, steady), and in righteousness He judges and wages war [on the rebellious nations].
• Revelation 20:15And if anyone’s name was not found written in the Book of Life, he was hurled into the lake of fire.

Commentaries on Hebrews 1:13

• Adam Clarke Bible Commentary · v. 13But to which of the angels - We have already seen, from the opinions and concessions of the Jews, that, if Jesus Christ could be proved to be greater than the angels, it would necessarily follow that he was God: and this the apostle does most amply prove by these various quotations from their own Scriptures; for he shows that while he is the supreme and absolute Sovereign, they are no more than his messengers and servants, and servants even to his…Read the comment
• Barnes’ Notes on the Bible · v. 13But to which of the angels - The apostle adduces one other proof of the exaltation of the Son of God above the angels. He asks where there is an instance in which God had addressed any one of the angels, and asked him to sit at his right hand until he should subdue his enemies under him? Yet that high honor had been conferred on the Son of God; and he was therefore far exalted above them. “Sit on my right hand;” see notes on Hebrews 1:3. This passage is…Read the comment
• Matthew Henry Concise Commentary · v. 4-14Verses 4-14 Many Jews had a superstitious or idolatrous respect for angels, because they had received the law and other tidings of the Divine will by their ministry. They looked upon them as mediators between God and men, and some went so far as to pay them a kind of religious homage or worship. Thus it was necessary that the apostle should insist, not only on Christ's being the Creator of all things, and therefore of angels themselves, but as being the…Read the comment
• Tyndale Open Study Notes · v. 13The author ends this series of Old Testament quotes by citing Psalm 110:1. This verse celebrates Christ's exaltation (see also study notes on Luke 20:42–43; 22:69; 1 Corinthians 15:25; Ephesians 1:19–22). The image of the Son's enemies as a footstool under his feet shows their complete defeat (see Hebrews 2:8). In ancient times, a victorious king would place his foot on an enemy's neck or back as a sign of control.Read the comment
• Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary · v. 1313. Quotation from Psa 110:1. The image is taken from the custom of conquerors putting the feet on the necks of the conquered (Jos 10:24, 25).Read the comment

Topics related to Hebrews 1:13

• Angel (a Spirit)
• Prophecy
• Quotations and Allusions
• Stool

In the dictionaries

• Angel
• Bitter
• Ministering
• Canon of the New Testament
• Footstool
• Gershom
• Hebrews, Epistle to the
• King, Christ As
• Mediation; Mediator
• Person of Christ

Commentaries on Hebrews 1

• Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
• Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
• Matthew Henry Concise Commentary
• Tyndale Open Study Notes
• Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary
• Calvin’s Commentaries
• John Wesley’s Notes
• Illustrated New Testament
• Burkitt’s Expository Notes
• Darby Translation Notes
• Family Bible Notes
• Geneva Bible Translation Notes
• Kingcomments
• Luther’s Commentary on Selected Bible Passages
• Matthew Henry’s Complete Commentary
• Matthew Henry’s Modern English Commentary
• The People’s New Testament
• Robertson’s Word Pictures
• Scofield Reference Notes, 1917 Edition
• Original Douay–Rheims Annotations
• Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary
• EGW Writings