God’s Word Translation
2 Chronicles 36:13
13Zedekiah also rebelled against King Nebuchadnezzar. Nebuchadnezzar had made Zedekiah swear an oath of allegiance to him in God’s name. But Zedekiah became so stubborn and so impossible to deal with that he refused to turn back to the Lord God of Israel.
2 Chronicles 36:13 in other versions
- King James Version (KJV)And he also rebelled against king Nebuchadnezzar, who had made him swear by God: but he stiffened his neck, and hardened his heart from turning unto the Lord God of Israel.
- New International Version (NIV)He also rebelled against King Nebuchadnezzar, who had made him take an oath in God’s name. He became stiff-necked and hardened his heart and would not turn to the Lord, the God of Israel.
- English Standard Version (ESV)He also rebelled against King Nebuchadnezzar, who had made him swear by God. He stiffened his neck and hardened his heart against turning to the Lord, the God of Israel.
- New King James Version (NKJV)And he also rebelled against King Nebuchadnezzar, who had made him swear an oath by God; but he stiffened his neck and hardened his heart against turning to the Lord God of Israel.
Context of 2 Chronicles 36:13
11Zedekiah was 21 years old when he began to rule, and he ruled for 11 years in Jerusalem. 12He did what the Lord his God considered evil and didn’t humble himself in front of the prophet Jeremiah, who spoke for the Lord. Zedekiah also rebelled against King Nebuchadnezzar. Nebuchadnezzar had made Zedekiah swear an oath of allegiance to him in God’s name. But Zedekiah became so stubborn and so impossible to deal with that he refused to turn back to the Lord God of Israel. 14All the officials, the priests, and the people became increasingly unfaithful and followed all the disgusting practices of the nations. Although the Lord had made the temple in Jerusalem holy, they made the temple unclean. 15The Lord God of their ancestors repeatedly sent messages through his messengers because he wanted to spare his people and his dwelling place.
Read all of 2 Chronicles 362 Chronicles 36:13 word by word
וְ֠גַם בַּמֶּ֤לֶךְ נְבֽוּכַדְנֶאצַּר֙ מָרָ֔ד אֲשֶׁ֥ר הִשְׁבִּיע֖וֹ בֵּֽאלֹהִ֑ים וַיֶּ֤קֶשׁ אֶת־עָרְפּוֹ֙ וַיְאַמֵּ֣ץ אֶת־לְבָב֔וֹ מִשּׁ֕וּב אֶל־יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃Read the interlinear
Words taken from the KJV.
- And he also rebelledמָרַדmârad · to rebelH4775
- against kingמֶ֫לֶךְmelek · kingH4428
- Nebuchadnezzarנְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּר, נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּרנבוּכדרא צּור נבוּכדראצּר · NebuchadnezzarH5019
- who had made him swearשָׁבַעshâba‛ · to swearH7650
- by Godאֱלֹהִים'ĕlôhîym · GodH430
- but he stiffenedקָשָׁהqâshâh · to hardenH7185
- his neckעֹ֫רֶף‛ôreph · neckH6203
- and hardenedאָמֵץ'âmats · to strengthenH553
- his heartלֵבָבlêbâb · heartH3824
- from turningשׁוּבshûb · to return: turn backH7725
- unto the Lordיְהֹוָהyehôvâh · LORDH3068
- of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵלyiώrâ'êl · IsraelH3478
Cross-references for 2 Chronicles 36:13
- 2 Kings 24:20The Lord became angry with Jerusalem and Judah and threw the people out of his sight. Zedekiah rebelled against the king of Babylon.
- Jeremiah 52:2Zedekiah did what the Lord considered evil, as Jehoiakim had done.
- Ezekiel 17:11The Lord spoke his word to me. He said,
- Joshua 9:15So Joshua made peace with them by making a treaty which allowed them to live. The leaders of the congregation swore to it with an oath.
- 2 Samuel 21:2(The Gibeonites were not a part of Israel but were left over from the Amorites. Although the Israelites had sworn ⌞to spare them⌟, Saul, in his eagerness, tried to destroy them for Israel and Judah.) The king called the Gibeonites
- 2 Kings 17:4The king of Assyria found Hoshea to be a traitor. (Hoshea had sent messengers to King Dais of Egypt and had stopped making annual payments to the king of Assyria.) So the king of Assyria arrested him and put him in prison.
- Nehemiah 9:16But they—our own ancestors—acted arrogantly. They became stubborn and wouldn’t obey your commands.
- Isaiah 48:4I know that you are stubborn. Like iron, you are hardheaded. Like bronze, nothing gets through your thick skull.
- Exodus 8:15When Pharaoh saw that the plague was over, he became stubborn and would not listen to Moses and Aaron, as the Lord had predicted.
- Exodus 9:17You are still blocking my people from leaving.
- Nehemiah 9:29You warned them in order to bring them back to your teachings, but they became arrogant and would not obey your commandments. They sinned by not following your regulations. If anyone follows them, he will find life in them. But they gave you the cold shoulder, became impossible to deal with, and wouldn’t listen.
- Romans 2:4Do you have contempt for God, who is very kind to you, puts up with you, and deals patiently with you? Don’t you realize that it is God’s kindness that is trying to lead you to him and change the way you think and act?
- Hebrews 3:8Don’t be stubborn like those who rebelled and tested me in the desert.
Commentaries on 2 Chronicles 36:13
- Barnes’ Notes on the Bible · v. 13The oath of allegiance was taken when he was first installed in his kingdom. On Zedekiah‘s sin in breaking his oath, see Ezekiel 17:18-20; Ezekiel 21:25.Read the comment
- Tyndale Open Study Notes · v. 13swear by God: The vassal oath given to him was likely similar to those from Assyrian treaties, sworn in the name of the vassal's god.Read the comment
- Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary · v. 1313. who had made him swear by God--Zedekiah received his crown on the express condition of taking a solemn oath of fealty to the king of Babylon (Eze 17:13); so that his revolt by joining in a league with Pharaoh-hophra, king of Egypt, involved the crime of perjury. His own pride and obdurate impiety, the incurable idolatry of the nation, and their reckless disregard of prophetic warnings, brought down on his already sadly reduced kingdom the long…Read the comment
Topics related to 2 Chronicles 36:13
In the dictionaries
Commentaries on 2 Chronicles 36
- Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
- Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
- Matthew Henry Concise Commentary
- Tyndale Open Study Notes
- Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary
- Rashi on Tanakh
- Keil & Delitzsch Commentary
- John Wesley’s Notes
- Darby Translation Notes
- Geneva Bible Translation Notes
- Kingcomments
- Matthew Henry’s Complete Commentary
- Matthew Henry’s Modern English Commentary
- Scofield Reference Notes, 1917 Edition
- Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary
- EGW Writings
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