New English Translation
2 Chronicles 36:13
13He also rebelled against King Nebuchadnezzar, who had made him vow allegiance in the name of God. He was stubborn and obstinate, and refused to return to the Lord God of Israel.
2 Chronicles 36:13 in other versions
- King James Version (KJV)And he also rebelled against king Nebuchadnezzar, who had made him swear by God: but he stiffened his neck, and hardened his heart from turning unto the Lord God of Israel.
- New International Version (NIV)He also rebelled against King Nebuchadnezzar, who had made him take an oath in God’s name. He became stiff-necked and hardened his heart and would not turn to the Lord, the God of Israel.
- English Standard Version (ESV)He also rebelled against King Nebuchadnezzar, who had made him swear by God. He stiffened his neck and hardened his heart against turning to the Lord, the God of Israel.
- New King James Version (NKJV)And he also rebelled against King Nebuchadnezzar, who had made him swear an oath by God; but he stiffened his neck and hardened his heart against turning to the Lord God of Israel.
Context of 2 Chronicles 36:13
11Zedekiah was twenty-one years old when he became king, and he ruled for eleven years in Jerusalem. 12He did evil in the sight of the Lord his God. He did not humble himself before Jeremiah the prophet, the Lord’s spokesman. He also rebelled against King Nebuchadnezzar, who had made him vow allegiance in the name of God. He was stubborn and obstinate, and refused to return to the Lord God of Israel. 14All the leaders of the priests and people became more unfaithful and committed the same horrible sins practiced by the nations. They defiled the Lord’s temple which he had consecrated in Jerusalem. 15The Lord God of their ancestors continually warned them through his messengers, for he felt compassion for his people and his dwelling place.
Read all of 2 Chronicles 362 Chronicles 36:13 word by word
וְ֠גַם בַּמֶּ֤לֶךְ נְבֽוּכַדְנֶאצַּר֙ מָרָ֔ד אֲשֶׁ֥ר הִשְׁבִּיע֖וֹ בֵּֽאלֹהִ֑ים וַיֶּ֤קֶשׁ אֶת־עָרְפּוֹ֙ וַיְאַמֵּ֣ץ אֶת־לְבָב֔וֹ מִשּׁ֕וּב אֶל־יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃Read the interlinear
Words taken from the KJV.
- And he also rebelledמָרַדmârad · to rebelH4775
- against kingמֶ֫לֶךְmelek · kingH4428
- Nebuchadnezzarנְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּר, נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּרנבוּכדרא צּור נבוּכדראצּר · NebuchadnezzarH5019
- who had made him swearשָׁבַעshâba‛ · to swearH7650
- by Godאֱלֹהִים'ĕlôhîym · GodH430
- but he stiffenedקָשָׁהqâshâh · to hardenH7185
- his neckעֹ֫רֶף‛ôreph · neckH6203
- and hardenedאָמֵץ'âmats · to strengthenH553
- his heartלֵבָבlêbâb · heartH3824
- from turningשׁוּבshûb · to return: turn backH7725
- unto the Lordיְהֹוָהyehôvâh · LORDH3068
- of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵלyiώrâ'êl · IsraelH3478
Cross-references for 2 Chronicles 36:13
- 2 Kings 24:20What follows is a record of what happened to Jerusalem and Judah because of the Lord’s anger; he finally threw them out of his presence. Zedekiah rebelled against the king of Babylon.
- Jeremiah 52:2He did what displeased the Lord just as Jehoiakim had done.
- Ezekiel 17:11Then the word of the Lord came to me:
- Joshua 9:15Joshua made a peace treaty with them and agreed to let them live. The leaders of the community sealed it with an oath.
- 2 Samuel 21:2So the king summoned the Gibeonites and spoke with them. (Now the Gibeonites were not descendants of Israel; they were a remnant of the Amorites. The Israelites had made a promise to them, but Saul tried to kill them because of his zeal for the people of Israel and Judah.)
- 2 Kings 17:4The king of Assyria discovered that Hoshea was planning a revolt. Hoshea had sent messengers to King So of Egypt and had not sent his annual tribute to the king of Assyria. So the king of Assyria arrested him and imprisoned him.
- Nehemiah 9:16“But they – our ancestors – behaved presumptuously; they rebelled and did not obey your commandments.
- Isaiah 48:4I did this because I know how stubborn you are. Your neck muscles are like iron and your forehead like bronze.
- Exodus 8:15But when Pharaoh saw that there was relief, he hardened his heart and did not listen to them, just as the Lord had predicted.
- Exodus 9:17You are still exalting yourself against my people by not releasing them.
- Nehemiah 9:29And you solemnly admonished them in order to return them to your law, but they behaved presumptuously and did not obey your commandments. They sinned against your ordinances – those by which an individual, if he obeys them, will live. They boldly turned from you; they rebelled and did not obey.
- Romans 2:4Or do you have contempt for the wealth of his kindness, forbearance, and patience, and yet do not know that God’s kindness leads you to repentance?
- Hebrews 3:8“Do not harden your hearts as in the rebellion, in the day of testing in the wilderness.
Commentaries on 2 Chronicles 36:13
- Barnes’ Notes on the Bible · v. 13The oath of allegiance was taken when he was first installed in his kingdom. On Zedekiah‘s sin in breaking his oath, see Ezekiel 17:18-20; Ezekiel 21:25.Read the comment
- Tyndale Open Study Notes · v. 13swear by God: The vassal oath given to him was likely similar to those from Assyrian treaties, sworn in the name of the vassal's god.Read the comment
- Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary · v. 1313. who had made him swear by God--Zedekiah received his crown on the express condition of taking a solemn oath of fealty to the king of Babylon (Eze 17:13); so that his revolt by joining in a league with Pharaoh-hophra, king of Egypt, involved the crime of perjury. His own pride and obdurate impiety, the incurable idolatry of the nation, and their reckless disregard of prophetic warnings, brought down on his already sadly reduced kingdom the long…Read the comment
Topics related to 2 Chronicles 36:13
In the dictionaries
Commentaries on 2 Chronicles 36
- Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
- Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
- Matthew Henry Concise Commentary
- Tyndale Open Study Notes
- Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary
- Rashi on Tanakh
- Keil & Delitzsch Commentary
- John Wesley’s Notes
- Darby Translation Notes
- Geneva Bible Translation Notes
- Kingcomments
- Matthew Henry’s Complete Commentary
- Matthew Henry’s Modern English Commentary
- Scofield Reference Notes, 1917 Edition
- Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary
- EGW Writings
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