Hosea 10:11

Hosea 10:11 in other versions

• King James Version (KJV)And Ephraim is as an heifer that is taught, and loveth to tread out the corn; but I passed over upon her fair neck: I will make Ephraim to ride; Judah shall plow, and Jacob shall break his clods.
• New International Version (NIV)Ephraim is a trained heifer that loves to thresh; so I will put a yoke on her fair neck. I will drive Ephraim, Judah must plow, and Jacob must break up the ground.
• English Standard Version (ESV)Ephraim was a trained calf that loved to thresh, and I spared her fair neck; but I will put Ephraim to the yoke; Judah must plow; Jacob must harrow for himself.
• New King James Version (NKJV)Ephraim is a trained heifer That loves to thresh grain; But I harnessed her fair neck, I will make Ephraim pull a plow. Judah shall plow; Jacob shall break his clods.”

Context of Hosea 10:11

9O Israel, you have [willfully] sinned since the days of Gibeah; There they (Israel) stand! Will not the battle against the sons of wickedness overtake them at Gibeah? 10When it is my desire [to defend My righteousness], I will chastise them; And [hostile] peoples will be gathered against them When they are bound and punished for their double guilt [their revolt against the Lord and their worship of idols]. Ephraim is a trained heifer that loves to tread out the grain, But I will come over her fair neck with a heavy yoke [for hard field work]. I will harness Ephraim; Judah will plow and Jacob will harrow and rake for himself. 12Sow with a view to righteousness [that righteousness, like seed, may germinate]; Reap in accordance with mercy and lovingkindness. Break up your uncultivated ground, For it is time to seek and search diligently for the Lord [and to long for His blessing] Until He comes to rain righteousness and His gift of salvation on you. 13You have plowed and planted wickedness, you have reaped the [willful] injustice [of oppressors], You have eaten the fruit of lies. Because you have trusted in your own way and your chariots, and in your many warriors,

Hosea 10:11 word by word

וְאֶפְרַ֜יִם עֶגְלָ֤ה מְלֻמָּדָה֙ אֹהַ֣בְתִּי לָד֔וּשׁ וַאֲנִ֣י עָבַ֔רְתִּי עַל־ט֖וּב צַוָּארָ֑הּ אַרְכִּ֤יב אֶפְרַ֙יִם֙ יַחֲר֣וֹשׁ יְהוּדָ֔ה יְשַׂדֶּד־ל֖וֹ יַעֲקֹֽב׃Read the interlinear

Words taken from the KJV.

• And Ephraimאֶפְרַ֫יִם'ephrayim · EphraimH669
• an heiferעֶגְלָה‛eglâh · heiferH5697
• taughtלָמַדlâmad · to learn: teachH3925
• lovethאָהֵב'âhab 'âhêb · to love: loverH157
• to tread outדּוּשׁdûsh dôsh dîysh · to treadH1758
• but I passed overעָבַר‛âbar · to passH5674
• upon her fairטוּבţûb · goodnessH2898
• neckצַוָּארtsavvâ'r tsavvâr tsavvârôn tsavvâ'râh · neckH6677
• to rideרָכַבrâkab · to rideH7392
• Judahיְהוּדָהyehûdâh · JudahH3063
• shall plowחָרַשׁchârash · to plow/plotH2790
• Jacobיַעֲקֹבya‛ăqôb · JacobH3290
• shall break his clodsשָׂדַדώâdad · to harrowH7702

Cross-references for Hosea 10:11

• Hosea 4:16For Israel is stubborn, Like a stubborn heifer. Can the Lord now pasture them Like a lamb in a large field?
• Jeremiah 50:11“Though you are glad, though you rejoice, O you who plunder My heritage, Though you are wanton and skip about like a heifer in the grass And neigh like stallions,
• Hosea 2:5For their mother has played the prostitute; She who conceived them has acted shamefully, For she said, ‘I will pursue my lovers Who give me my food and my water, My wool and my flax, my oil and my [refreshing] drinks.’
• Hosea 3:1Then the Lord said to me, “Go again, love a woman (Gomer) who is beloved by her husband and yet is an adulteress, even as the Lord loves the children of Israel, though they turn to other gods and love the raisin cakes [used in the feasts in pagan worship].”
• Hosea 9:1Do not rejoice, O Israel, with exultation as do the [pagan] peoples, For you have played the prostitute, turning away from your God. You have loved prostitutes’ earnings on every threshing floor [attributing the harvest to the Baals instead of to God].
• Deuteronomy 25:4“You shall not muzzle the ox while he is threshing [to prevent him from eating any of the grain].
• Romans 16:18For such people do not serve our Lord Christ, but their own appetites and base desires. By smooth and flattering speech they deceive the hearts of the unsuspecting [the innocent and the naive].
• Hosea 11:4I led them gently with cords of a man, with bonds of love [guiding them], And I was to them as one who lifts up and eases the yoke [of the law] over their jaws; And I bent down to them and fed them.
• 2 Chronicles 28:5Therefore the Lord his God handed over Ahaz to the king of Aram (Syria), who defeated him and led away a great number [of the people] as captives, and brought them to Damascus. And he was also handed over to the king of Israel, who struck Judah with a great slaughter.
• Isaiah 28:24Does the farmer plow all day to plant seed? Does he continually dig furrows and harrow his ground [after it is prepared]?

Commentaries on Hosea 10:11

• Adam Clarke Bible Commentary · v. 11Ephraim is as a heifer that is taught - One thoroughly broken in to the yoke. And loveth to tread out - Goes peaceably in the yoke; and is pleased because, not being muzzled, she eats of the corn. I passed over upon her fair neck - I brought the yoke upon it, that she should not tread out the corn merely, but draw the plough and drag the harrow. These operations of husbandry are all referred to here, with some others. Ephraim shall tread out the corn…Read the comment
• Barnes’ Notes on the Bible · v. 11Ephraim is an heifer that is taught and that loveth to tread out the corn - The object of the metaphor in these three verses seems to be, to picture, under operations of husbandry, what God willed and trained His people to do, how they took as much pains in evil, as He willed them to do for good. One thing only they did “which” He willed, but not because He willed it - what pleased themselves. Corn was threshed in the East chiefly by means of oxen, who…Read the comment
• Matthew Henry Concise Commentary · v. 9-15Verses 9-15 Because God does not desire the death and ruin of sinners, therefore in mercy he desires their chastisement. The children of iniquity still remained in Israel. The enemies would be gathered against them. It is just with God to make those know what hardships mean, who indulge themselves in ease and pleasure. Let them cleanse their hearts from all corrupt affections and lusts, and be a broken and contrite spirit. Let them abound in works of…Read the comment
• Tyndale Open Study Notes · v. 11Because Israel did not keep the covenant, the Lord gave her a heavy burden. This was divine correction to bring her back to him.Read the comment
• Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary · v. 1111. taught--that is, accustomed. loveth to tread out ... corn--a far easier and more self-indulgent work than ploughing. In treading corn, cattle were not bound together under a yoke, but either trod it singly with their feet, or drew a threshing sledge over it (Is 28:27, 28): they were free to eat some of the corn from time to time, as the law required they should be unmuzzled (De 25:4), so that they grew fat in this work. An image of Israel's freedom…Read the comment

Topics related to Hosea 10:11

• Cow
• Heifer
• Pride
• Threshing

In the dictionaries

• Ephraim
• Jacob
• Judah
• Ephraim, Ephraimite
• Jacob, Israel
• Judah, kingdom of Judah
• Judea, Judah
• Ashamed
• Harrow
• Heifer

Commentaries on Hosea 10

• Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
• Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
• Matthew Henry Concise Commentary
• Tyndale Open Study Notes
• Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary
• Rashi on Tanakh
• Calvin’s Commentaries
• Keil & Delitzsch Commentary
• John Wesley’s Notes
• Darby Translation Notes
• Geneva Bible Translation Notes
• Kingcomments
• Matthew Henry’s Complete Commentary
• Matthew Henry’s Modern English Commentary
• Scofield Reference Notes, 1917 Edition
• Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary
• EGW Writings