1 Chronicles 19:4

1 Chronicles 19:4 in other versions

• King James Version (KJV)Wherefore Hanun took David’s servants, and shaved them, and cut off their garments in the midst hard by their buttocks, and sent them away.
• New International Version (NIV)So Hanun seized David’s envoys, shaved them, cut off their garments at the buttocks, and sent them away.
• English Standard Version (ESV)So Hanun took David's servants and shaved them and cut off their garments in the middle, at their hips, and sent them away;
• New King James Version (NKJV)Therefore Hanun took David’s servants, shaved them, and cut off their garments in the middle, at their buttocks, and sent them away.

Context of 1 Chronicles 19:4

2David said, “I am going to show loyalty to Hanun because his father, Nahash, was always loyal to me.” So David sent messengers to express sympathy to Hanun about his father’s death. But when David’s ambassadors arrived in the land of Ammon, 3the Ammonite commanders said to Hanun, “Do you really think these men are coming here to honor your father? No! David has sent them to spy out the land so they can come in and conquer it!” So Hanun seized David’s ambassadors and shaved them, cut off their robes at the buttocks, and sent them back to David in shame. 5When David heard what had happened to the men, he sent messengers to tell them, “Stay at Jericho until your beards grow out, and then come back.” For they felt deep shame because of their appearance. 6When the people of Ammon realized how seriously they had angered David, Hanun and the Ammonites sent 75,000 pounds of silver to hire chariots and charioteers from Aram-naharaim, Aram-maacah, and Zobah.

1 Chronicles 19:4 word by word

וַיִּקַּ֨ח חָנ֜וּן אֶת־עַבְדֵ֤י דָוִיד֙ וַֽיְגַלְּחֵ֔ם וַיִּכְרֹ֧ת אֶת־מַדְוֵיהֶ֛ם בַּחֵ֖צִי עַד־הַמִּפְשָׂעָ֑ה וַֽיְשַׁלְּחֵֽם׃Read the interlinear

Words taken from the KJV.

• Wherefore Hanunחָנוּןchânûn · HanunH2586
• tookלָקַחlâqach · to take: takeH3947
• David’sדָּוִדdâvid dâvîyd · DavidH1732
• servantsעֶ֫בֶד‛ebed · servant/slaveH5650
• and shavedגָּלַחgâlach · to shaveH1548
• them, and cut offכָּרַתkârath · to cut: cutH3772
• their garmentsמָ֫דוּmedev · garmentH4063
• in the midstחֲצִיchêtsîy · halfH2677
• hard by their buttocksמִפְשָׂעָהmiphώâ‛âh · hipH4667
• and sent them awayשָׁלַחshâlach · to send: departH7971

Cross-references for 1 Chronicles 19:4

• Psalms 35:12They repay me evil for good. I am sick with despair.
• Psalms 109:4I love them, but they try to destroy me with accusations even as I am praying for them!
• Leviticus 19:27“Do not trim off the hair on your temples or trim your beards.
• Isaiah 15:2Your people will go to their temple in Dibon to mourn. They will go to their sacred shrines to weep. They will wail for the fate of Nebo and Medeba, shaving their heads in sorrow and cutting off their beards.
• Jeremiah 41:5eighty men arrived from Shechem, Shiloh, and Samaria to worship at the Temple of the Lord. They had shaved off their beards, torn their clothes, and cut themselves, and had brought along grain offerings and frankincense.
• Jeremiah 48:37The people shave their heads and beards in mourning. They slash their hands and put on clothes made of burlap.
• Isaiah 20:4For the king of Assyria will take away the Egyptians and Ethiopians as prisoners. He will make them walk naked and barefoot, both young and old, their buttocks bared, to the shame of Egypt.
• Isaiah 47:2Take heavy millstones and grind flour. Remove your veil, and strip off your robe. Expose yourself to public view.
• 2 Samuel 10:4So Hanun seized David’s ambassadors and shaved off half of each man’s beard, cut off their robes at the buttocks, and sent them back to David in shame.
• 2 Chronicles 36:16But the people mocked these messengers of God and despised their words. They scoffed at the prophets until the Lord’s anger could no longer be restrained and nothing could be done.
• Mark 12:4The owner then sent another servant, but they insulted him and beat him over the head.
• Luke 20:10At the time of the grape harvest, he sent one of his servants to collect his share of the crop. But the farmers attacked the servant, beat him up, and sent him back empty-handed.

Commentaries on 1 Chronicles 19:4

• Adam Clarke Bible Commentary · v. 4And cut off their garments in the midst - Usque ad eorum, pudenda. So the Targum, Jarchi, and others; leaving exposed what nature and decency require to be concealed. See on 2 Samuel 10:4; (note).Read the comment
• Tyndale Open Study Notes · v. 1-7The new Ammonite ruler, Hanun, opposed Israel being near his nation. The Ammonites hired Aramean armies from the north. These combined forces gathered at Medeba to challenge David's control of Moab's plateau.Read the comment
• Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary · v. 4-54-5. shaved them--not completely, but only the half of their face. This disrespect to the beard, and indecent exposure of their persons by their clothes being cut off from the girdle downwards, was the grossest indignity to which Jews, in common with all Orientals, could be subjected. No wonder that the men were ashamed to appear in public--that the king recommended them to remain in seclusion on the border till the mark of their disgrace had…Read the comment

Topics related to 1 Chronicles 19:4

• Motive
• Rulers

In the dictionaries

• Chronicles, Books of
• Chronicles, Books of
• Genealogy
• Hard; Hardiness; Harddiness; Hardly
• Joab
• Port; Porter
• Shaving
• Zobah

Commentaries on 1 Chronicles 19

• Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
• Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
• Matthew Henry Concise Commentary
• Tyndale Open Study Notes
• Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary
• Rashi on Tanakh
• Keil & Delitzsch Commentary
• John Wesley’s Notes
• Darby Translation Notes
• Geneva Bible Translation Notes
• Kingcomments
• Matthew Henry’s Complete Commentary
• Matthew Henry’s Modern English Commentary
• Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary
• EGW Writings