1 Chronicles 19:4

1 Chronicles 19:4 in other versions

• King James Version (KJV)Wherefore Hanun took David’s servants, and shaved them, and cut off their garments in the midst hard by their buttocks, and sent them away.
• New International Version (NIV)So Hanun seized David’s envoys, shaved them, cut off their garments at the buttocks, and sent them away.
• English Standard Version (ESV)So Hanun took David's servants and shaved them and cut off their garments in the middle, at their hips, and sent them away;
• New King James Version (NKJV)Therefore Hanun took David’s servants, shaved them, and cut off their garments in the middle, at their buttocks, and sent them away.

Context of 1 Chronicles 19:4

2Then David said, “I’ll show kindness to Hanun son of Nahash, because his father showed kindness to me.” So David sent messengers to console him concerning his father. However, when David’s emissaries arrived in the land of the Ammonites to console him, 3the Ammonite leaders said to Hanun, “Just because David has sent men with condolences for you, do you really believe he’s showing respect for your father? Instead, haven’t his emissaries come in order to scout out, overthrow, and spy on the land?” So Hanun took David’s emissaries, shaved them, cut their clothes in half at the hips, and sent them away. 5It was reported to David about his men, so he sent messengers to meet them, since the men were deeply humiliated. The king said, “Stay in Jericho until your beards grow back; then return.” 6When the Ammonites realized they had made themselves repulsive to David, Hanun and the Ammonites sent thirty-eight tons of silver to hire chariots and horsemen from Aram-naharaim, Aram-maacah, and Zobah.

1 Chronicles 19:4 word by word

וַיִּקַּ֨ח חָנ֜וּן אֶת־עַבְדֵ֤י דָוִיד֙ וַֽיְגַלְּחֵ֔ם וַיִּכְרֹ֧ת אֶת־מַדְוֵיהֶ֛ם בַּחֵ֖צִי עַד־הַמִּפְשָׂעָ֑ה וַֽיְשַׁלְּחֵֽם׃Read the interlinear

Words taken from the KJV.

• Wherefore Hanunחָנוּןchânûn · HanunH2586
• tookלָקַחlâqach · to take: takeH3947
• David’sדָּוִדdâvid dâvîyd · DavidH1732
• servantsעֶ֫בֶד‛ebed · servant/slaveH5650
• and shavedגָּלַחgâlach · to shaveH1548
• them, and cut offכָּרַתkârath · to cut: cutH3772
• their garmentsמָ֫דוּmedev · garmentH4063
• in the midstחֲצִיchêtsîy · halfH2677
• hard by their buttocksמִפְשָׂעָהmiphώâ‛âh · hipH4667
• and sent them awayשָׁלַחshâlach · to send: departH7971

Cross-references for 1 Chronicles 19:4

• Psalms 35:12They repay me evil for good, making me desolate.
• Psalms 109:4In return for my love they accuse me, but I continue to pray.
• Leviticus 19:27You are not to cut off the hair at the sides of your head or mar the edge of your beard.
• Isaiah 15:2Dibon went up to its temple to weep at its high places. Moab wails on Nebo and at Medeba. Every head is shaved; every beard is chopped short.
• Jeremiah 41:5eighty men came from Shechem, Shiloh, and Samaria who had shaved their beards, torn their clothes, and gashed themselves, and who were carrying grain and incense offerings to bring to the temple of the Lord.
• Jeremiah 48:37Indeed, every head is bald and every beard is chopped short. On every hand is a gash and sackcloth around the waist.
• Isaiah 20:4so the king of Assyria will lead the captives of Egypt and the exiles of Cush, young and old alike, stripped and barefoot, with bared buttocks — to Egypt’s shame.
• Isaiah 47:2Take millstones and grind flour; remove your veil, strip off your skirt, bare your thigh, wade through the streams.
• 2 Samuel 10:4So Hanun took David’s emissaries, shaved off half their beards, cut their clothes in half at the hips, and sent them away.
• 2 Chronicles 36:16But they kept ridiculing God’s messengers, despising his words, and scoffing at his prophets, until the Lord’s wrath was so stirred up against his people that there was no remedy.
• Mark 12:4Again he sent another servant to them, and they hit him on the head and treated him shamefully.
• Luke 20:10At harvest time he sent a servant to the farmers so that they might give him some fruit from the vineyard. But the farmers beat him and sent him away empty-handed.

Commentaries on 1 Chronicles 19:4

• Adam Clarke Bible Commentary · v. 4And cut off their garments in the midst - Usque ad eorum, pudenda. So the Targum, Jarchi, and others; leaving exposed what nature and decency require to be concealed. See on 2 Samuel 10:4; (note).Read the comment
• Tyndale Open Study Notes · v. 1-7The new Ammonite ruler, Hanun, opposed Israel being near his nation. The Ammonites hired Aramean armies from the north. These combined forces gathered at Medeba to challenge David's control of Moab's plateau.Read the comment
• Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary · v. 4-54-5. shaved them--not completely, but only the half of their face. This disrespect to the beard, and indecent exposure of their persons by their clothes being cut off from the girdle downwards, was the grossest indignity to which Jews, in common with all Orientals, could be subjected. No wonder that the men were ashamed to appear in public--that the king recommended them to remain in seclusion on the border till the mark of their disgrace had…Read the comment

Topics related to 1 Chronicles 19:4

• Motive
• Rulers

In the dictionaries

• Chronicles, Books of
• Chronicles, Books of
• Genealogy
• Hard; Hardiness; Harddiness; Hardly
• Joab
• Port; Porter
• Shaving
• Zobah

Commentaries on 1 Chronicles 19

• Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
• Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
• Matthew Henry Concise Commentary
• Tyndale Open Study Notes
• Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary
• Rashi on Tanakh
• Keil & Delitzsch Commentary
• John Wesley’s Notes
• Darby Translation Notes
• Geneva Bible Translation Notes
• Kingcomments
• Matthew Henry’s Complete Commentary
• Matthew Henry’s Modern English Commentary
• Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary
• EGW Writings