1 Chronicles 19:4

1 Chronicles 19:4 in other versions

• King James Version (KJV)Wherefore Hanun took David’s servants, and shaved them, and cut off their garments in the midst hard by their buttocks, and sent them away.
• New International Version (NIV)So Hanun seized David’s envoys, shaved them, cut off their garments at the buttocks, and sent them away.
• English Standard Version (ESV)So Hanun took David's servants and shaved them and cut off their garments in the middle, at their hips, and sent them away;
• New King James Version (NKJV)Therefore Hanun took David’s servants, shaved them, and cut off their garments in the middle, at their buttocks, and sent them away.

Context of 1 Chronicles 19:4

2David said: “l will show lovingkindness to Hanun son of Nahash, because his father dealt loyally with me.” So David sent messengers to console him concerning his father. But when David’s emissaries came to Hanun in the land of the Ammonites to console him, 3the Ammonite officials said to Hanun, “Do you really think that David is honoring your father, by sending messengers to express sympathy? Have not his servants come to you to explore and spy out the country to overthrow it?” So Hanun took David’s emissaries and shaved them. He cut off their garments in the middle at the buttocks and sent them away. 5When some people came and told David about the men, he sent messengers to meet them for the men were throughly humiliated. The king said: “Stay in Jericho until your beards grow and then return.” 6When the children of Ammon realized they had made themselves a stench to David, Hanun and the Ammonites sent 1,000 talents of silver to hire chariots and charioteers from Aram-naharaim , Aram-maacah and Zobah.

1 Chronicles 19:4 word by word

וַיִּקַּ֨ח חָנ֜וּן אֶת־עַבְדֵ֤י דָוִיד֙ וַֽיְגַלְּחֵ֔ם וַיִּכְרֹ֧ת אֶת־מַדְוֵיהֶ֛ם בַּחֵ֖צִי עַד־הַמִּפְשָׂעָ֑ה וַֽיְשַׁלְּחֵֽם׃Read the interlinear

Words taken from the KJV.

• Wherefore Hanunחָנוּןchânûn · HanunH2586
• tookלָקַחlâqach · to take: takeH3947
• David’sדָּוִדdâvid dâvîyd · DavidH1732
• servantsעֶ֫בֶד‛ebed · servant/slaveH5650
• and shavedגָּלַחgâlach · to shaveH1548
• them, and cut offכָּרַתkârath · to cut: cutH3772
• their garmentsמָ֫דוּmedev · garmentH4063
• in the midstחֲצִיchêtsîy · halfH2677
• hard by their buttocksמִפְשָׂעָהmiphώâ‛âh · hipH4667
• and sent them awayשָׁלַחshâlach · to send: departH7971

Cross-references for 1 Chronicles 19:4

• Psalms 35:12They repay me evil for good— my soul is forlorn.
• Psalms 109:4In return for my love they are my accusers, but I am in prayer.
• Leviticus 19:27“You are not to round off the hair on the sides of your heads, nor are you to mar the edge of your beard.
• Isaiah 15:2He has gone up to the shrine, to Dibon, to the high places to weep. Moab wails over Nebo and Medeba. Every head is bald, every beard shaven.
• Jeremiah 41:5that 80 men came from Shechem, from Shiloh, and from Samaria, with their beards shaved off, their clothes rent, and having gashed themselves, with grain offerings and frankincense in their hand to bring to the House of Adonai.
• Jeremiah 48:37For every head is bald, every beard clipped, on all the hands are gashes, and around the waist sackcloth.
• Isaiah 20:4so will the king of Assyria lead away the captives of Egypt and the exiles of Ethiopia, young and old, naked and barefoot, with their buttocks uncovered, to Egypt’s shame.
• Isaiah 47:2Take the millstones and grind flour. Remove your veil, strip off the skirt, uncover the leg, cross the rivers.
• 2 Samuel 10:4So Hanun seized David’s servants, shaved off one side of their beards, cut off their garments in the middle at their buttocks, and sent them away.
• 2 Chronicles 36:16But they mocked the messengers of God and despised His words, and scoffed at His prophets until the wrath of Adonai rose against His people, until there was no remedy.
• Mark 12:4And again the man sent another servant to them, and they wounded his head and treated him shamefully.
• Luke 20:10And at the season, he sent a servant to the tenants so that they would give him part of the vineyard’s fruit. But the tenants beat him up and sent him away empty-handed.

Commentaries on 1 Chronicles 19:4

• Adam Clarke Bible Commentary · v. 4And cut off their garments in the midst - Usque ad eorum, pudenda. So the Targum, Jarchi, and others; leaving exposed what nature and decency require to be concealed. See on 2 Samuel 10:4; (note).Read the comment
• Tyndale Open Study Notes · v. 1-7The new Ammonite ruler, Hanun, opposed Israel being near his nation. The Ammonites hired Aramean armies from the north. These combined forces gathered at Medeba to challenge David's control of Moab's plateau.Read the comment
• Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary · v. 4-54-5. shaved them--not completely, but only the half of their face. This disrespect to the beard, and indecent exposure of their persons by their clothes being cut off from the girdle downwards, was the grossest indignity to which Jews, in common with all Orientals, could be subjected. No wonder that the men were ashamed to appear in public--that the king recommended them to remain in seclusion on the border till the mark of their disgrace had…Read the comment

Topics related to 1 Chronicles 19:4

• Motive
• Rulers

In the dictionaries

• Chronicles, Books of
• Genealogy
• Hard; Hardiness; Harddiness; Hardly
• Joab
• Port; Porter
• Shaving
• Zobah

Commentaries on 1 Chronicles 19

• Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
• Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
• Matthew Henry Concise Commentary
• Tyndale Open Study Notes
• Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary
• Rashi on Tanakh
• Keil & Delitzsch Commentary
• John Wesley’s Notes
• Darby Translation Notes
• Geneva Bible Translation Notes
• Kingcomments
• Matthew Henry’s Complete Commentary
• Matthew Henry’s Modern English Commentary
• Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary
• EGW Writings