1 Samuel 22:2

1 Samuel 22:2 in other versions

• King James Version (KJV)And every one that was in distress, and every one that was in debt, and every one that was discontented, gathered themselves unto him; and he became a captain over them: and there were with him about four hundred men.
• New International Version (NIV)All those who were in distress or in debt or discontented gathered around him, and he became their commander. About four hundred men were with him.
• English Standard Version (ESV)And everyone who was in distress, and everyone who was in debt, and everyone who was bitter in soul, gathered to him. And he became commander over them. And there were with him about four hundred men.
• New King James Version (NKJV)And everyone who was in distress, everyone who was in debt, and everyone who was discontented gathered to him. So he became captain over them. And there were about four hundred men with him.

Context of 1 Samuel 22:2

1So David walked from there and escaped to the cave of Adullam. When his brothers and all his father’s house heard about it, they went down there to him. Anyone who was in distress, anyone in debt, and anyone embittered rallied around him, and he became their leader. There were about 400 men with him. 3Then David left from there to Mizpah of Moab, and he said to the king of Moab, “Please, let my father and my mother come and stay with you until I know what God will do for me.” 4Then he brought them to the king of Moab, and they stayed with him all the time that David was in the stronghold.

1 Samuel 22:2 word by word

וַיִּֽתְקַבְּצ֣וּ אֵ֠לָיו כָּל־אִ֨ישׁ מָצ֜וֹק וְכָל־אִ֨ישׁ אֲשֶׁר־ל֤וֹ נֹשֶׁא֙ וְכָל־אִ֣ישׁ מַר־נֶ֔פֶשׁ וַיְהִ֥י עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם לְשָׂ֑ר וַיִּהְי֣וּ עִמּ֔וֹ כְּאַרְבַּ֥ע מֵא֖וֹת אִֽישׁ׃Read the interlinear

Words taken from the KJV.

• And every oneאִישׁ'îysh · manH376
• in distressמָצוֹקmâtsôq · distressH4689
• in debtנָשָׁאnâshâ' · to exactH5378
• discontentedנֶ֫פֶשׁnephesh · soulH5315
• discontentedמַרmar mârâh · bitterH4751
• gatheredקָבַץqâbats · to gatherH6908
• themselves unto him; and he became a captainשַׂרώar · rulerH8269
• over them: and there were with him about fourאַרְבַּע'arba‛ 'arbâ‛âh · fourH702
• hundredמֵאָהmê'âh mê'yâh · hundredH3967

Cross-references for 1 Samuel 22:2

• Judges 11:3Then Jephthah fled from his brothers and lived in the land of Tob. Some worthless fellows joined with Jephthah and went out with him.
• Matthew 11:12From the days of John the Immerser until now, the kingdom of heaven is treated with violence, and the violent grasp hold of it.
• Matthew 18:25But since he didn’t have the money to repay, his master ordered him to be sold, along with his wife and children and all that he had, and payment to be made.
• 1 Samuel 1:10While her soul was bitter, she prayed to Adonai and wept.
• 1 Samuel 30:6So David was in a serious bind, for the troops were calling for his stoning, for all the troops were bitter of soul, every man for his sons and his daughters. But David strengthened himself in Adonai his God.
• Judges 18:25But the children of Dan said to him, “Don’t let your voice be heard among us, lest bitter fellows fall upon you, and you lose your life with the lives of your household.”
• 2 Samuel 17:8Hushai then added, “You know your father and his men. They are mighty men, and they are embittered in their souls like a bear robbed of her cubs in the wild. Your father is an expert in warfare, and won’t spend the night with the troops.
• Proverbs 31:6Give strong drink to one who is dying, and wine to those who are bitterly distressed—
• 1 Samuel 9:16“Tomorrow about this time, I will send you a man from the land of Benjamin, and you will anoint him ruler over My people Israel. He will deliver My people from the hand of the Philistines. I have observed My people, because their cry has come to Me.”
• 1 Samuel 25:15Yet the men were very good to us. We were not harmed, nor were we missing anything as long as we went about with them while we were in the fields.
• 1 Samuel 30:22But all the wicked men and worthless fellows among those who accompanied David said, “Because they did not accompany us, we shouldn’t give them any of the spoil that we’ve recovered, except every man may take his wife and his children and leave.”
• 2 Samuel 5:2Even before, when Saul was king over us, it was you who led Israel out and back. Also Adonai said to you, ‘You will shepherd My people Israel and be ruler over Israel.’”
• 2 Kings 20:5“Return, and say to Hezekiah the leader of My people, thus says Adonai, the God of your father David: ‘I have heard your prayer and I have seen your tears. Behold, I am going to heal you. On the third day you will go up to the House of Adonai.
• 1 Chronicles 11:15Three of the 30 leaders went down to David at the rock at the cave of Adullam, while a band of the Philistines was encamped in the valley of Rephaim.
• Psalms 72:12For he rescues the needy crying for help, also the poor and the one with no helper.
• Psalms 72:13He will take pity on the poor and needy, and the souls of the needy he will save.

Commentaries on 1 Samuel 22:2

• Adam Clarke Bible Commentary · v. 2And every one that was in distress - debt - discontented - It is very possible that these several disaffected and exceptionable characters might at first have supposed that David, unjustly persecuted, would be glad to avail himself of their assistance that he might revenge himself upon Saul, and so they in the mean time might profit by plunder, etc. But if this were their design they were greatly disappointed, for David never made any improper use of…Read the comment
• Barnes’ Notes on the Bible · v. 2Discontented - See the margin. (Compare 1 Samuel 30:6; 2 Samuel 17:8.) The phrase here denotes those who were exasperated by Saul‘s tyranny.Read the comment
• Tyndale Open Study Notes · v. 2distressed … indebted … discontented: The people who gathered around David were distressed, poor, and unhappy. By drawing such people to himself, David pointed ahead to Jesus, who would later welcome people who were hurting, burdened, and pushed to the edges of society (Matthew 11:25–30).Read the comment
• Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary · v. 22. every one that was in distress--(See on Jud 11:3).Read the comment

Topics related to 1 Samuel 22:2

• Armies
• Captain
• Insurgents

In the dictionaries

• Four Hundred
• Abiathar
• Adullam
• Captain
• Cave
• David
• Army
• Debt; Debtor
• Four
• Jesse

Commentaries on 1 Samuel 22

• Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
• Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
• Matthew Henry Concise Commentary
• Tyndale Open Study Notes
• Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary
• Rashi on Tanakh
• Keil & Delitzsch Commentary
• John Wesley’s Notes
• Darby Translation Notes
• Geneva Bible Translation Notes
• Kingcomments
• Matthew Henry’s Complete Commentary
• Matthew Henry’s Modern English Commentary
• Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary
• EGW Writings