1 Samuel 22:2

1 Samuel 22:2 in other versions

• King James Version (KJV)And every one that was in distress, and every one that was in debt, and every one that was discontented, gathered themselves unto him; and he became a captain over them: and there were with him about four hundred men.
• New International Version (NIV)All those who were in distress or in debt or discontented gathered around him, and he became their commander. About four hundred men were with him.
• English Standard Version (ESV)And everyone who was in distress, and everyone who was in debt, and everyone who was bitter in soul, gathered to him. And he became commander over them. And there were with him about four hundred men.
• New King James Version (NKJV)And everyone who was in distress, everyone who was in debt, and everyone who was discontented gathered to him. So he became captain over them. And there were about four hundred men with him.

Context of 1 Samuel 22:2

1So David left there and escaped to the cave of Adullam. When his brothers and the rest of his father’s family learned about it, they went down there to him. All those who were in trouble or owed someone money or were discontented gathered around him, and he became their leader. He had about four hundred men with him. 3Then David went from there to Mizpah in Moab, where he said to the king of Moab, “Please let my father and mother stay with you until I know what God is going to do for me.” 4So he had them stay with the king of Moab; they stayed with him the whole time that David was in the stronghold.

1 Samuel 22:2 word by word

וַיִּֽתְקַבְּצ֣וּ אֵ֠לָיו כָּל־אִ֨ישׁ מָצ֜וֹק וְכָל־אִ֨ישׁ אֲשֶׁר־ל֤וֹ נֹשֶׁא֙ וְכָל־אִ֣ישׁ מַר־נֶ֔פֶשׁ וַיְהִ֥י עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם לְשָׂ֑ר וַיִּהְי֣וּ עִמּ֔וֹ כְּאַרְבַּ֥ע מֵא֖וֹת אִֽישׁ׃Read the interlinear

Words taken from the KJV.

• And every oneאִישׁ'îysh · manH376
• in distressמָצוֹקmâtsôq · distressH4689
• in debtנָשָׁאnâshâ' · to exactH5378
• discontentedנֶ֫פֶשׁnephesh · soulH5315
• discontentedמַרmar mârâh · bitterH4751
• gatheredקָבַץqâbats · to gatherH6908
• themselves unto him; and he became a captainשַׂרώar · rulerH8269
• over them: and there were with him about fourאַרְבַּע'arba‛ 'arbâ‛âh · fourH702
• hundredמֵאָהmê'âh mê'yâh · hundredH3967

Cross-references for 1 Samuel 22:2

• Judges 11:3So Jephthah left his half-brothers and lived in the land of Tob. Lawless men joined Jephthah’s gang and traveled with him.
• Matthew 11:12From the days of John the Baptist until now the kingdom of heaven has suffered violence, and forceful people lay hold of it.
• Matthew 18:25Because he was not able to repay it, the lord ordered him to be sold, along with his wife, children, and whatever he possessed, and repayment to be made.
• 1 Samuel 1:10She was very upset as she prayed to the Lord, and she was weeping uncontrollably.
• 1 Samuel 30:6David was very upset, for the men were thinking of stoning him; each man grieved bitterly over his sons and daughters. But David drew strength from the Lord his God.
• Judges 18:25The Danites said to him, “Don’t say another word to us, or some very angry men will attack you, and you and your family will die.”
• 2 Samuel 17:8Hushai went on to say, “You know your father and his men – they are soldiers and are as dangerous as a bear out in the wild that has been robbed of her cubs. Your father is an experienced soldier; he will not stay overnight with the army.
• Proverbs 31:6Give strong drink to the one who is perishing, and wine to those who are bitterly distressed;
• 1 Samuel 9:16“At this time tomorrow I will send to you a man from the land of Benjamin. You must consecrate him as a leader over my people Israel. He will save my people from the hand of the Philistines. For I have looked with favor on my people. Their cry has reached me!”
• 1 Samuel 25:15These men were very good to us. They did not insult us, nor did we sustain any loss during the entire time we were together in the field.
• 1 Samuel 30:22But all the evil and worthless men among those who had gone with David said, “Since they didn’t go with us, we won’t give them any of the loot we retrieved! They may take only their wives and children. Let them lead them away and be gone!”
• 2 Samuel 5:2In the past, when Saul was our king, you were the real leader in Israel. The Lord said to you, ‘You will shepherd my people Israel; you will rule over Israel.’”
• 2 Kings 20:5“Go back and tell Hezekiah, the leader of my people: ‘This is what the Lord God of your ancestor David says: “I have heard your prayer; I have seen your tears. Look, I will heal you. The day after tomorrow you will go up to the Lord’s temple.
• 1 Chronicles 11:15Three of the thirty leaders went down to David at the rocky cliff at the cave of Adullam, while a Philistine force was camped in the Valley of Rephaim.
• Psalms 72:12For he will rescue the needy when they cry out for help, and the oppressed who have no defender.
• Psalms 72:13He will take pity on the poor and needy; the lives of the needy he will save.

Commentaries on 1 Samuel 22:2

• Adam Clarke Bible Commentary · v. 2And every one that was in distress - debt - discontented - It is very possible that these several disaffected and exceptionable characters might at first have supposed that David, unjustly persecuted, would be glad to avail himself of their assistance that he might revenge himself upon Saul, and so they in the mean time might profit by plunder, etc. But if this were their design they were greatly disappointed, for David never made any improper use of…Read the comment
• Barnes’ Notes on the Bible · v. 2Discontented - See the margin. (Compare 1 Samuel 30:6; 2 Samuel 17:8.) The phrase here denotes those who were exasperated by Saul‘s tyranny.Read the comment
• Tyndale Open Study Notes · v. 2distressed … indebted … discontented: The people who gathered around David were distressed, poor, and unhappy. By drawing such people to himself, David pointed ahead to Jesus, who would later welcome people who were hurting, burdened, and pushed to the edges of society (Matthew 11:25–30).Read the comment
• Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary · v. 22. every one that was in distress--(See on Jud 11:3).Read the comment

Topics related to 1 Samuel 22:2

• Armies
• Captain
• Insurgents

In the dictionaries

• Four Hundred
• Abiathar
• Adullam
• Captain
• Cave
• David
• Army
• Debt; Debtor
• Four
• Jesse

Commentaries on 1 Samuel 22

• Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
• Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
• Matthew Henry Concise Commentary
• Tyndale Open Study Notes
• Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary
• Rashi on Tanakh
• Keil & Delitzsch Commentary
• John Wesley’s Notes
• Darby Translation Notes
• Geneva Bible Translation Notes
• Kingcomments
• Matthew Henry’s Complete Commentary
• Matthew Henry’s Modern English Commentary
• Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary
• EGW Writings