1 Samuel 22:2

1 Samuel 22:2 in other versions

• King James Version (KJV)And every one that was in distress, and every one that was in debt, and every one that was discontented, gathered themselves unto him; and he became a captain over them: and there were with him about four hundred men.
• New International Version (NIV)All those who were in distress or in debt or discontented gathered around him, and he became their commander. About four hundred men were with him.
• English Standard Version (ESV)And everyone who was in distress, and everyone who was in debt, and everyone who was bitter in soul, gathered to him. And he became commander over them. And there were with him about four hundred men.
• New King James Version (NKJV)And everyone who was in distress, everyone who was in debt, and everyone who was discontented gathered to him. So he became captain over them. And there were about four hundred men with him.

Context of 1 Samuel 22:2

1So David left Gath and took refuge in the cave of Adullam. When David’s brothers and his father’s whole family heard, they went down and joined him there. In addition, every man who was desperate, in debt, or discontented rallied around him, and he became their leader. About four hundred men were with him. 3From there David went to Mizpeh of Moab where he said to the king of Moab, “Please let my father and mother stay with you until I know what God will do for me.” 4So he left them in the care of the king of Moab, and they stayed with him the whole time David was in the stronghold.

1 Samuel 22:2 word by word

וַיִּֽתְקַבְּצ֣וּ אֵ֠לָיו כָּל־אִ֨ישׁ מָצ֜וֹק וְכָל־אִ֨ישׁ אֲשֶׁר־ל֤וֹ נֹשֶׁא֙ וְכָל־אִ֣ישׁ מַר־נֶ֔פֶשׁ וַיְהִ֥י עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם לְשָׂ֑ר וַיִּהְי֣וּ עִמּ֔וֹ כְּאַרְבַּ֥ע מֵא֖וֹת אִֽישׁ׃Read the interlinear

Words taken from the KJV.

• And every oneאִישׁ'îysh · manH376
• in distressמָצוֹקmâtsôq · distressH4689
• in debtנָשָׁאnâshâ' · to exactH5378
• discontentedנֶ֫פֶשׁnephesh · soulH5315
• discontentedמַרmar mârâh · bitterH4751
• gatheredקָבַץqâbats · to gatherH6908
• themselves unto him; and he became a captainשַׂרώar · rulerH8269
• over them: and there were with him about fourאַרְבַּע'arba‛ 'arbâ‛âh · fourH702
• hundredמֵאָהmê'âh mê'yâh · hundredH3967

Cross-references for 1 Samuel 22:2

• Judges 11:3So Jephthah fled from his brothers and lived in the land of Tob. Then some worthless men joined Jephthah and went on raids with him.
• Matthew 11:12From the days of John the Baptist until now, the kingdom of heaven has been suffering violence, and the violent have been seizing it by force.
• Matthew 18:25Since he did not have the money to pay it back, his master commanded that he, his wife, his children, and everything he had be sold to pay the debt.
• 1 Samuel 1:10Deeply hurt, Hannah prayed to the Lord and wept with many tears.
• 1 Samuel 30:6David was in an extremely difficult position because the troops talked about stoning him, for they were all very bitter over the loss of their sons and daughters. But David found strength in the Lord his God.
• Judges 18:25The Danites said to him, “Don’t raise your voice against us, or angry men will attack you, and you and your family will lose your lives.”
• 2 Samuel 17:8Hushai continued, “You know your father and his men. They are warriors and are desperate like a wild bear robbed of her cubs. Your father is an experienced soldier who won’t spend the night with the people.
• Proverbs 31:6Give beer to one who is dying and wine to one whose life is bitter.
• 1 Samuel 9:16“At this time tomorrow I will send you a man from the land of Benjamin. Anoint him ruler over my people Israel. He will save them from the Philistines because I have seen the affliction of my people, for their cry has come to me.”
• 1 Samuel 25:15The men treated us very well. When we were in the field, we weren’t harassed and nothing of ours was missing the whole time we were living among them.
• 1 Samuel 30:22but all the corrupt and worthless men among those who had gone with David argued, “Because they didn’t go with us, we will not give any of the plunder we recovered to them except for each man’s wife and children. They may take them and go.”
• 2 Samuel 5:2Even while Saul was king over us, you were the one who led us out to battle and brought us back. The Lord also said to you, ‘You will shepherd my people Israel, and you will be ruler over Israel.’”
• 2 Kings 20:5“Go back and tell Hezekiah, the leader of my people, ‘This is what the Lord God of your ancestor David says: I have heard your prayer; I have seen your tears. Look, I will heal you. On the third day from now you will go up to the Lord’s temple.
• 1 Chronicles 11:15Three of the thirty chief men went down to David, to the rock at the cave of Adullam, while the Philistine army was encamped in Rephaim Valley.
• Psalms 72:12For he will rescue the poor who cry out and the afflicted who have no helper.
• Psalms 72:13He will have pity on the poor and helpless and save the lives of the poor.

Commentaries on 1 Samuel 22:2

• Adam Clarke Bible Commentary · v. 2And every one that was in distress - debt - discontented - It is very possible that these several disaffected and exceptionable characters might at first have supposed that David, unjustly persecuted, would be glad to avail himself of their assistance that he might revenge himself upon Saul, and so they in the mean time might profit by plunder, etc. But if this were their design they were greatly disappointed, for David never made any improper use of…Read the comment
• Barnes’ Notes on the Bible · v. 2Discontented - See the margin. (Compare 1 Samuel 30:6; 2 Samuel 17:8.) The phrase here denotes those who were exasperated by Saul‘s tyranny.Read the comment
• Tyndale Open Study Notes · v. 2distressed … indebted … discontented: The people who gathered around David were distressed, poor, and unhappy. By drawing such people to himself, David pointed ahead to Jesus, who would later welcome people who were hurting, burdened, and pushed to the edges of society (Matthew 11:25–30).Read the comment
• Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary · v. 22. every one that was in distress--(See on Jud 11:3).Read the comment

Topics related to 1 Samuel 22:2

• Armies
• Captain
• Insurgents

In the dictionaries

• Four Hundred
• Abiathar
• Adullam
• Captain
• Cave
• David
• Army
• Debt; Debtor
• Four
• Jesse

Commentaries on 1 Samuel 22

• Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
• Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
• Matthew Henry Concise Commentary
• Tyndale Open Study Notes
• Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary
• Rashi on Tanakh
• Keil & Delitzsch Commentary
• John Wesley’s Notes
• Darby Translation Notes
• Geneva Bible Translation Notes
• Kingcomments
• Matthew Henry’s Complete Commentary
• Matthew Henry’s Modern English Commentary
• Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary
• EGW Writings