Strong G3117μακρός

μακρός, ά, όν [ᾰ
par nature], long, dans l’espace ou dans le temps,
I dans l’espace,
I.1 en longueur, long, δόρυ [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.140)]; νέες, νῆες μ. navires de guerre, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.21, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.41, etc. (_collective_ in _sing._, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 380); πλοῖα μ. 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.30, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.14)]; ἐπὶ τὰ -ότερα mesuré par les côtés les plus longs, c.-à-d. dans le sens de la longueur, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.50)]; τὰ μ. τείχη les murs longs d’Athènes, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 8.71, etc.; ἐν τῷ μακρῷ σκέλει τῷ πὸτ τῷ Ποτειδανίῳ “SIG” 247 iii 11 (Delph., 4th c.BC))]; ἡ μακρά (c.-à-d. γραμμή), ligne tracée par les δικασταί pour indiquer la peine la plus lourde, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 106)]; ὁ μ. δρόμος la course aux flambeaux de fond, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (“SIG” 1068.9 (Patmos, 3rd-2nd c.BC), +others, “OGI” 339.83 (Sestos, 2nd c.BC).)]
I.2 en hauteur, grand, haut, μ. Ὄλυμπος, οὔρεα, δένδρεα, κίων, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.193, 13.18, 9.541, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.127, etc.)]; d’un homme, μακρότερον καὶ πάσσονα θῆκεν ἰδέσθαι [Refs 3rd c.AD+ (8.20, compare 18.195; μ. πύκτης “PLond.” 3.1158.6 (3rd c.AD).)]
I.2.b inversement, profond, φρείατα [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 21.197; φάραγξ 3rd c.BC: Herodas Mimographus 8.17.)]
I.3 quant à la distance, long, lointain, éloigné, κέλευθος [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.358; οἶμος 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 290; ναυτιλίαι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.1; στόλος 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 490)]; μ. ἐπιβοήθειαι longues marches pour porter secours, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 5.4.47)]; éloigné, ἀποικία [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 814)]; τὰ μακρότατα les régions les plus éloignées, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.32: frequently in _neuter_ _sing._ and _plural_ as)] adverbe, μακρὰ βιβάς, βιβάσθων, à longues enjambées, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.213, 13.809)]; μακρὰ ῥίψαις, δισκήσαις, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 1.45, “I.” 2.35; - ότερον σφενδονᾶν 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 3.4.16)]; μακρὸν ἀῧσαι, βοᾶν, crier de manière à être entendu de loin, c.-à-d. fort, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 3.81, 2.224; μακρὰ μεμυκώς 18.580; μακρὸν ἠχεῖν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 329a; κλάειν σε μακρὰ κελεύσας 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 433 (see. κλαίω and below see))]; plus tard par analogie, μακρὰ χαίρειν φράσας τῷ ναυπηγῷ [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Nav.” 2, compare “Apol.” 3, +others, 2nd-3rd c.AD: Dio Cassius Historicus 46.3)]; comparer μακράν.
I.4 en général, de grande taille ou de haut degré, grand, ἤπειρος [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Eumenides” 75; ὄλβος 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 2.26; πλοῦτος 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 130; τιμήματα 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1278a23, compare 1297b4 (_superlative_); οὐσία [prev. work] 1290b16, 1321a11; μακροτέρα ἀρετά 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “I.” 4(3).13; ἐλπίσαντες μακρότερα μὲν τῆς δυνάμεως, ἐλάσσω δὲ τῆς βουλήσεως 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.39)]; μ. τραπεζῖται, peut-être grands banquiers, Cat.Codex Astr.[Refs (7.222.)]
I.5 datif μακρῷ, pour renforcer le comparatif et le superlatif, de loin, μ. πρῶτος [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.34; ἄριστος μ. [prev. author] 9.71; ἀσθενεστέρα μ. 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 514, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Philebus” 66e; μ. μάλιστα 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.171, compare 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Eumenides” 30, etc.; κάκιστα δὴ μ. 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 895)]: également avec des verbes impliquant une comparaison, ἀριστεύει μ. [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 890 (Lyric poetry), compare 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis 1.2.)]
II dans le temps, long [Refs 8th c.BC+ ((8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus only in 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey”), ἤματα, νύξ, 10.470, 11.373)]; αἰών voir la leçon dans [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 3.75; μ. χρόνος 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.32, etc.)]; οὐ μ. χρόνου pendant un temps qui n’est pas long, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 1078, etc.; διὰ μ. χρόνου 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 741 (troch.); ἐν χρόνῳ μ. 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 88, etc.; δι᾽ αἰῶνος μ. 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Supplices” 582 (Lyric poetry); τὸν μ. βίον [prev. author] “Pr.” 449; τοῦ μ. βίου 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 473)]; μηνὶ -ότερος de un mois, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.32)]; μακρῷ[Refs 2nd c.AD+ ((compare 1.5) πρότερον 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 8.958)]; μ. ἐέλδωρ un souhait longtemps caressé, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 23.54)]; μ. γόοι, ὀδύρματα, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 375, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 297.)]
II.2 long, fastidieux, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 4.33, etc.; λόγοι 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 1335, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.60, etc.)]; μακρὰν ἔοικε λέξειν (c.-à-d. ῥῆσιν) [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Thesmophoriazusae” 382; οὐδὲ εἷς Ὅμηρον εἴρηκεν μακρόν 4th-3rd c.BC: Philemo Comicus 97.7)]; μακρόν [ἐστι] avec l’infinitif, latin longum est, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “I.” 6(5).56; μ. ἂν εἴη γράφειν 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Agesilaus” 7.1)]. adverbe - ρῶς, λέγεσθαι [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Antiphanes Comicus 268)]: comparatif -ότερον, ποιεῖς tu prends trop de temps, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Zenon Papyri du Caire 48.4 (3rd c.BC),compare 4th-3rd c.BC: Philippides Comicus 21.)]
II.3 en grammaire, long quant à la quantité, φωνήεντα [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Poetica” 1458a11, 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis “de Compositione Verborum” 15)]; μακρά (c.-à-d. συλλαβή), ἡ, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Apollonius Dyscolus Grammaticus “de Pronominibus;” 92.12; ἡ φύσει μ. [prev. author] “Adv.” 179.16)]: comparatif, φωνήεντι μακροτέρῳ [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Poetica” 1458a1)]; également μακρά (c.-à-d. προσῳδία), ἡ, signe de quantité longue, [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (2nd c.AD: Sextus Empiricus Philosophus “adversus Mathematicos” 1.113, 2nd c.BC: Dionysius Thrax Grammaticus “Supp.” 674.7; ᾱ μακρόν 2nd c.AD: Apollonius Dyscolus Grammaticus “de Pronominibus;” 112. 6.)]
III neutre avec des prépositions, au sens adverbial, διὰ μακροῦ (c.-à-d. χρόνου) après un long temps, longtemps différé, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 320, “Ph.” 1069)]; οὐ διὰ μακροῦ peu après, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.15, 91, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus Alcaeus2.151b (also of place, οὐ διὰ μ. τῆς Ῥώμης 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis 9.56); διὰ μακρῶν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Fragmenta” 420.1; διὰ μακρᾶς 3rd-2nd c.BC: Phalaris Epistolographus “Epistulae - Epistolographi” 69.1)]; mais διὰ μακρῶν tout au long, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 449b, etc.; διὰ μακροτέρων 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 4.106)]; μικρῷ διὰ μ. un peu plus longuement, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1279b11.)]
III.2 ὄλβος οὐκ ἐς μακρὸν ἔρχεται pendant un temps qui n’est pas long, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 3.105)]; ἐς τὰ μακρότατα au plus haut point, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.31; see at {μακράν} 11.)]
III.3 ἐπὶ μακρόν loin, sur une longue distance, πορεύεσθαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 5.4.47)]; dans le temps, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Callimachus Epicus “Hymnus in Delum” 255; ὅσον ἐπὶ μακρότατον οἷοί τε ἐγενόμεθα ἐξικέσθαι ἀκοῇ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.16, compare 2.34 (ἐπὶ omitted 1.171 codices))]; τοσόνδε ἐπὶ μ. ἐπυθόμην [Refs ([prev. author] 2.29)]; ἐπὶ μακρότερον encore davantage, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.41.)]
IV comparatif et superlatif réguliers, voir ci-dessus : comparatif irrégulier μάσσων, superlatif μήκιστος, (voir l’entrée).
V adverbe -ρῶς tout au long, opposé à συντόμως, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Rhetorica” 1416b4)]; lentement, [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 3.51.2)]; μ. ἔχειν τοῖν σκέλοιν avoir les jambes longues, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd-3rd c.AD: Philostratus Sophista “de gymnastica” 31)]; à propos de la prononciation, [Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis “de Compositione Verborum” 15; μ. ἐκφέρειν συλλαβήν 1st c.BC-1st c.AD: Strabo Geographus 13.1.68: but the)] l’adverbe est généralement exprimé par le neutre μακρόν ou μακρά, comparer ci-dessus [Refs (1.3)]; μακρὰ κλάειν hurler fort, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Thesmophoriazusae” 211; οἰμώξει μ. [prev. author] “Av.” 1207, “Pl.” 111; ὀτοτύζεσθαι μ. [prev. author] “Lys.” 520)]; τί μακρὰ δεῖ λέγει; [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Antiphanes Comicus 33.5; also by μακράν (see. entry); or by _neuter_ with a _preposition_, see above 111)]: pour le comparatif et le superlatif de l’adverbe, voir sous {μακροτέρως, μακροτάτω} : neutre pluriel -ότερα comme adverbe, [Réfs. Ve s. av. J.-C. et suiv. (Ve-VIe s. av. J.-C. : Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 250c, +autres)] — Le féminin μακρά ne doit pas être confondu avec μάκρα (voir ce mot). (Cf. avestique mas- « long », latin ma?~Xcer.)