2 Samuel 23:13

2 Samuel 23:13 in other versions

• King James Version (KJV)And three of the thirty chief went down, and came to David in the harvest time unto the cave of Adullam: and the troop of the Philistines pitched in the valley of Rephaim.
• New International Version (NIV)During harvest time, three of the thirty chief warriors came down to David at the cave of Adullam, while a band of Philistines was encamped in the Valley of Rephaim.
• English Standard Version (ESV)And three of the thirty chief men went down and came about harvest time to David at the cave of Adullam, when a band of Philistines was encamped in the Valley of Rephaim.
• New King James Version (NKJV)Then three of the thirty chief men went down at harvest time and came to David at the cave of Adullam. And the troop of Philistines encamped in the Valley of Rephaim.

Context of 2 Samuel 23:13

11And after him was Shammah the son of Agee the Hararite. And the Philistines were gathered together into a troop, where was a piece of ground full of lentiles: and the people fled from the Philistines. 12But he stood in the midst of the ground, and defended it, and slew the Philistines: And Yhwh wrought a great victory. And three of the thirty chief went down, and came to David in the harvest time unto the cave of Adullam: and the troop of the Philistines pitched in the valley of Rephaim. 14And David was then in an hold, and the garrison of the Philistines was then in Beth–lehem. 15And David longed, and said, Oh that one would give me drink of the water of the well of Beth–lehem, which is by the gate!

2 Samuel 23:13 word by word

וַיֵּרְד֨וּ שְׁלֹשָׁ֜ה מֵהַשְּׁלֹשִׁ֣ים רֹ֗אשׁ וַיָּבֹ֤אוּ אֶל־קָצִיר֙ אֶל־דָּוִ֔ד אֶל־מְעָרַ֖ת עֲדֻלָּ֑ם וְחַיַּ֣ת פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים חֹנָ֖ה בְּעֵ֥מֶק רְפָאִֽים׃Read the interlinear

• And threeשְׁלֹשִׁיםshelôshîym shelôshîym · thirtyH7970
• And threeשָׁלֹשׁshâlôsh shâlôsh shelôshâh shelôshâh · threeH7969
• chiefרֹאשׁrô'sh · head: leaderH7218
• went downיָרַדyârad · to go downH3381
• and cameבּוֹאbô' · to come (in): comeH935
• to Davidדָּוִדdâvid dâvîyd · DavidH1732
• in the harvest timeקָצִירqâtsîyr · harvestH7105
• unto the caveמְעָרָהme‛ârâh · caveH4631
• of Adullamעֲדֻלָּם‛ădûllâm · AdullamH5725
• and the troopחַיָּהchay · communityH2416
• of the Philistinesפְּלִשְׁתִּיpelishtîy · PhilistineH6430
• pitchedחָנָהchânâh · to campH2583
• in the valleyעֵ֫מֶק‛êmeq · Valley (of Rephaim)H6010
• of Rephaimרְפָאִיםrâphâ' râphâh · (Valley of) RephaimH7497

Cross-references for 2 Samuel 23:13

• 1 Chronicles 11:15Now three of the thirty captains went down to the rock to David, into the cave of Adullam; and the army of the Philistines encamped in the valley of Rephaim.
• 2 Samuel 23:8These be the names of the mighty men whom David had: The Tachmonite that sat in the seat, chief among the captains; the same was Adino the Eznite: he lift up his spear against eight hundred, whom he slew at one time.
• Exodus 14:7And he took six hundred chosen chariots, and all the chariots of Egypt, and captains over every one of them.
• Joshua 12:15The king of Libnah, one; the king of Adullam, one;
• Joshua 15:35Jarmuth, and Adullam, Socoh, and Azekah,
• 1 Samuel 22:1David therefore departed thence, and escaped to the cave Adullam: and when his brethren and all his father’s house heard it, they went down thither to him.
• Micah 1:15Yet will I bring an heir unto thee, O inhabitant of Mareshah: he shall come unto Adullam the glory of Israel.
• 2 Samuel 5:18The Philistines also came and spread themselves in the valley of Rephaim.
• 1 Chronicles 14:9And the Philistines came and spread themselves in the valley of Rephaim.
• Isaiah 17:5And it shall be as when the harvestman gathereth the grain, and reapeth the heads with his arm; and it shall be as he that gathereth heads in the valley of Rephaim.

Commentaries on 2 Samuel 23:13

• Adam Clarke Bible Commentary · v. 13And three of the thirty - The word שלשים shalishim, which we translate thirty, probably signifies an office or particular description of men. Of these shalishim we have here thirty-seven, and it can scarcely be said with propriety that we have thirty-seven out of thirty; and besides, in the parallel place, 1 Chronicles 11:11-47, there are sixteen added. The captains over Pharaoh's chariots are termed שלשים shalishim, Exodus 14:7. The Philistines pitched…Read the comment
• Barnes’ Notes on the Bible · v. 13The feat at Bethlehem by three of the thirty was the occasion of their being formed into a distinct triad; Abishai 2 Samuel 23:18, Benaiah 2 Samuel 23:20, and a third not named, were probably the three. In the harvest time - An error for “to the rock” (compare the marginal reference). The troop of the Philistines - The word rendered “troop” occurs in this sense only here (and, according to some, in 2 Samuel 23:11), and perhaps in Psalm 68:11. In 2 Samuel…Read the comment
• Matthew Henry Concise Commentary · v. 8-39Verses 8-39 David once earnestly longed for the water at the well of Bethlehem. It seems to be an instance of weakness. He was thirsty; with the water of that well he had often refreshed himself when a youth, and it was without due thought that he desired it. Were his valiant men so forward to expose themselves, upon the least hint of their prince's mind, and so eager to please him, and shall not we long to approve ourselves to our Lord Jesus, by ready…Read the comment
• Tyndale Open Study Notes · v. 13The cave of Adullam was where David hid from Saul (see 1 Samuel 22:1). The valley of Rephaim was located between Bethlehem and Jerusalem (see 2 Samuel 5:17–25).Read the comment

Topics related to 2 Samuel 23:13

• Adullam
• Armies
• Cave
• Eleazar (Eleazer)
• Philistines
• Rephaim

In the dictionaries

• David
• Philistines
• Bethlehem
• Giants
• Jashobeam
• Sure
• Troop
• Abishai
• Adullam
• Amasai

Commentaries on 2 Samuel 23

• Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
• Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
• Matthew Henry Concise Commentary
• Tyndale Open Study Notes
• Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary
• Rashi on Tanakh
• Keil & Delitzsch Commentary
• John Wesley’s Notes
• Darby Translation Notes
• Geneva Bible Translation Notes
• Kingcomments
• Matthew Henry’s Complete Commentary
• Matthew Henry’s Modern English Commentary
• Scofield Reference Notes, 1917 Edition
• Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary
• EGW Writings