God’s Word Translation
2 Samuel 23:13
13At harvest time three of the thirty leading men came to David at the cave of Adullam when a troop from the Philistine army was camping in the valley of Rephaim.
2 Samuel 23:13 in other versions
- King James Version (KJV)And three of the thirty chief went down, and came to David in the harvest time unto the cave of Adullam: and the troop of the Philistines pitched in the valley of Rephaim.
- New International Version (NIV)During harvest time, three of the thirty chief warriors came down to David at the cave of Adullam, while a band of Philistines was encamped in the Valley of Rephaim.
- English Standard Version (ESV)And three of the thirty chief men went down and came about harvest time to David at the cave of Adullam, when a band of Philistines was encamped in the Valley of Rephaim.
- New King James Version (NKJV)Then three of the thirty chief men went down at harvest time and came to David at the cave of Adullam. And the troop of Philistines encamped in the Valley of Rephaim.
Context of 2 Samuel 23:13
11Next in rank to him was Shammah, the son of Agee from Harar. The Philistines had gathered at Lehi, where there was a field of ripe lentils. When the troops fled from the Philistines, 12he stood in the middle of the field and defended it by killing Philistines. So the Lord won an impressive victory. At harvest time three of the thirty leading men came to David at the cave of Adullam when a troop from the Philistine army was camping in the valley of Rephaim. 14While David was in the fortified camp, Philistine troops were at Bethlehem. 15When David became thirsty, he said, “I wish I could have a drink of water from the well at the city gate of Bethlehem.”
Read all of 2 Samuel 232 Samuel 23:13 word by word
וַיֵּרְד֨וּ שְׁלֹשָׁ֜ה מֵהַשְּׁלֹשִׁ֣ים רֹ֗אשׁ וַיָּבֹ֤אוּ אֶל־קָצִיר֙ אֶל־דָּוִ֔ד אֶל־מְעָרַ֖ת עֲדֻלָּ֑ם וְחַיַּ֣ת פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים חֹנָ֖ה בְּעֵ֥מֶק רְפָאִֽים׃Read the interlinear
Words taken from the KJV.
- And threeשְׁלֹשִׁיםshelôshîym shelôshîym · thirtyH7970
- And threeשָׁלֹשׁshâlôsh shâlôsh shelôshâh shelôshâh · threeH7969
- chiefרֹאשׁrô'sh · head: leaderH7218
- went downיָרַדyârad · to go downH3381
- and cameבּוֹאbô' · to come (in): comeH935
- to Davidדָּוִדdâvid dâvîyd · DavidH1732
- in the harvest timeקָצִירqâtsîyr · harvestH7105
- unto the caveמְעָרָהme‛ârâh · caveH4631
- of Adullamעֲדֻלָּם‛ădûllâm · AdullamH5725
- and the troopחַיָּהchay · communityH2416
- of the Philistinesפְּלִשְׁתִּיpelishtîy · PhilistineH6430
- pitchedחָנָהchânâh · to campH2583
- in the valleyעֵ֫מֶק‛êmeq · Valley (of Rephaim)H6010
- of Rephaimרְפָאִיםrâphâ' râphâh · (Valley of) RephaimH7497
Cross-references for 2 Samuel 23:13
- 1 Chronicles 11:15Once three of the thirty leading men went down to David’s rock at the cave of Adullam when the army of the Philistines was camping in the valley of Rephaim.
- 2 Samuel 23:8These are the names of David’s fighting men: Josheb Basshebeth from Tahkemon’s family was leader of the three. He used a spear to kill 800 men on one occasion.
- Exodus 14:7He took 600 of his best chariots as well as all the other chariots in Egypt, placing an officer in each of them.
- Joshua 12:15the king of Libnah, the king of Adullam,
- Joshua 15:35Jarmuth, Adullam, Socoh, Azekah,
- 1 Samuel 22:1So David escaped from that place and fled to the cave at Adullam. When his brothers and all ⌞the rest⌟ of his family heard about it, they went to him.
- Micah 1:15I will again bring a conqueror against the inhabitants of Mareshah. The glory of Israel will come to Adullam.
- 2 Samuel 5:18The Philistines had come and overrun the valley of Rephaim.
- 1 Chronicles 14:9The Philistines had come and raided the valley of Rephaim.
- Isaiah 17:5That time will be like harvesting bundles of grain by the armful. It will be like gathering grain in the Rephaim Valley.
Commentaries on 2 Samuel 23:13
- Adam Clarke Bible Commentary · v. 13And three of the thirty - The word שלשים shalishim, which we translate thirty, probably signifies an office or particular description of men. Of these shalishim we have here thirty-seven, and it can scarcely be said with propriety that we have thirty-seven out of thirty; and besides, in the parallel place, 1 Chronicles 11:11-47, there are sixteen added. The captains over Pharaoh's chariots are termed שלשים shalishim, Exodus 14:7. The Philistines pitched…Read the comment
- Barnes’ Notes on the Bible · v. 13The feat at Bethlehem by three of the thirty was the occasion of their being formed into a distinct triad; Abishai 2 Samuel 23:18, Benaiah 2 Samuel 23:20, and a third not named, were probably the three. In the harvest time - An error for “to the rock” (compare the marginal reference). The troop of the Philistines - The word rendered “troop” occurs in this sense only here (and, according to some, in 2 Samuel 23:11), and perhaps in Psalm 68:11. In 2 Samuel…Read the comment
- Matthew Henry Concise Commentary · v. 8-39Verses 8-39 David once earnestly longed for the water at the well of Bethlehem. It seems to be an instance of weakness. He was thirsty; with the water of that well he had often refreshed himself when a youth, and it was without due thought that he desired it. Were his valiant men so forward to expose themselves, upon the least hint of their prince's mind, and so eager to please him, and shall not we long to approve ourselves to our Lord Jesus, by ready…Read the comment
- Tyndale Open Study Notes · v. 13The cave of Adullam was where David hid from Saul (see 1 Samuel 22:1). The valley of Rephaim was located between Bethlehem and Jerusalem (see 2 Samuel 5:17–25).Read the comment
Topics related to 2 Samuel 23:13
In the dictionaries
Commentaries on 2 Samuel 23
- Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
- Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
- Matthew Henry Concise Commentary
- Tyndale Open Study Notes
- Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary
- Rashi on Tanakh
- Keil & Delitzsch Commentary
- John Wesley’s Notes
- Darby Translation Notes
- Geneva Bible Translation Notes
- Kingcomments
- Matthew Henry’s Complete Commentary
- Matthew Henry’s Modern English Commentary
- Scofield Reference Notes, 1917 Edition
- Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary
- EGW Writings
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